CN103343271A - Light and pressure-proof fast-decomposed cast magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Light and pressure-proof fast-decomposed cast magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses light and pressure-proof fast-decomposed cast magnesium alloy which can be used as a tripping ball material for a multi-stage sliding sleeve staged-fracturing technique. The light and pressure-proof fast-decomposed cast magnesium alloy is prepared from the following components: 13-25% of Al, 2-15% of Zn, 0.1-5% of Fe, 0.05-5% of Cu, 0.05-5% of Ni, 0-5% of Ag, 0.05-0.5% of Zr, 0.05-0.5% of Ti, and the balance of Mg. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: weighing the components according to the designed component ratio of the magnesium alloy; firstly, putting pure magnesium and pure aluminum into a smelting furnace, putting pure zinc and intermediate alloy of other components into magnesium-aluminum alloy melt after melting; refining, degassing, and stewing after warming to melt; then casting in a protective atmosphere. The light and pressure-proof fast-decomposed cast magnesium alloy is reasonable in component ratio, and simple in craft process; the light and pressure-proof fast-decomposed cast magnesium alloy can be obtained by controlling the ingredients of the alloy; the alloy decomposition performance exceeds that of the traditional cast magnesium alloy; the demands of the multi-stage sliding sleeve staged-fracturing technique on the decomposition performance of the tripping ball material can be met; industrialized application can be achieved; application of the magnesium alloy in the field of exploitation of petroleum and gas is expanded.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the cast magnesium alloys that a kind of light overpressure resistant decomposes fast.Can be used as oil and gas exploitation with multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology with the ball material that builds the pressure.Belong to the magnesium alloy preparing technical field.
Background technology
Shale gas refers to compose and is stored in rich organic mud shale and the interlayer thereof, is the unconventional Sweet natural gas of main existing way with absorption or unbound state, and composition is based on methane, is a kind of cleaning, Energy resources efficiently.In recent years, U.S.'s shale gas exploratory development technological breakthrough, output increases fast, and international market for natural gas and world energy sources general layout are produced great effect, and the main resource in world state has all strengthened the exploratory development dynamics to shale gas.Multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology is the nonpetroleum, the gas reservoir renovation technique that grow up of Oil-Gas Well Engineering technical field in recent years, main application and the orientation well of shale gas and low permeability reservoir, the fracturing yield increasing transformation of horizontal well.This technology can be according to the needs of stratum geological state and reservoir exploitation, adopt pkr that horizontal well is separated into some sections, in well, drop into the ascending ball that builds the pressure of diameter by ground head shoot control device successively, open sliding sleeve step by step, targetedly rock in pay zone is carried out pressure break, form oil, Sweet natural gas fluid crack passage, to enlarge the drainage area of layer of oil gas production, improve the rate of oil and gas recovery.In this technology, one of key position is the ball that builds the pressure.The ball that builds the pressure mainly contains two functions, 1) sliding sleeve is opened, in order to rock in pay zone is carried out pressure break; 2) will with fracturing liquid and pressure isolation.By the time all rock payzone pressure breaks need be carried out pressure release to the OIH pipe, with the production of convenient later stage oil gas well after finishing.Ordinary method in the past is to utilize low following anti-well head of discharging of the ball that builds the pressure of stressor layer effect, or use drilling tool that sliding sleeve tee and the round bur that builds the pressure are fallen, the weak point of these methods is, be subjected to the influence of reservoir pressure and site operation pressure, ball generation screens may cause building the pressure, anti-row is unsuccessful, is lowered to drilling tool and carries out milling meeting prolongation construction period, increases construction cost and risk.Therefore, develop and a kind ofly can bear pressing crack construction high pressure, shaft bottom high temperature, and the ball that builds the pressure that under the in-hole fluid environment, can decompose voluntarily, can effectively reduce construction risk, improve operating efficiency.U.S. Patent Publication the nucleocapsid structure formula composite material and preparation method thereof (United States Patent (USP) that coats of a kind of decomposable multilayer, US2011/0132143A1,2011), this patent shows, by the surface at nano level nucleome metal-powder (as magnesium, aluminium, zinc, manganese and alloy thereof) particle, adopt the method for electroless plating, plate multilayer different metal or metal oxide nano level shell, as Al, Ni, Al
2O
3Deng, and then composite powder behind the coating carried out sintering, acquisition has the nano composite material of certain decomposability, but this method requires at the higher nano level magnesium of specific activity, aluminium, zinc, manganese and alloy powder surface plating multi-layer nano level metal or metal oxide, increase the production cost of this material greatly, can't carry out suitability for industrialized production.And Chinese patent (patent No. 201110328251.9) has been announced " a kind of novel material of opening for staged fracturing pitching sliding sleeve build the pressure ball ", although the density of material of this patent preparation is lower, but what this patent adopted is that macromolecular material prepares the ball that builds the pressure, the ball material that builds the pressure does not decompose in the high temperature corrosion medium, cause in multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology, must using the drilling tool round bur that will build the pressure to fall, greatly increased production cost.
Existing cast magnesium alloys mainly is to be representative with the Mg-Al-Zn series magnesium alloy, wherein extensive with the AZ91D Application of Magnesium, the main component of this alloy and weight percent thereof are that Al8.3~9.7, Zn0.35~1.0, Mn0.15~0.5, surplus are magnesium, the incompressible intensity of alloy is lower than 250MPa, and rate of decomposition is extremely low by (≤5 * 10
-4G.cm
2.h) (China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2007,17 2 phases of volume, p181), can't satisfy in the multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology can requirement to the light overpressure resistant decomposability of the ball material that builds the pressure.
In order to reduce production costs, preparation has certain intensity and the quick ball material that builds the pressure that decomposes of decomposable light overpressure resistant, the present inventor proposes by optimizing design of alloy, utilize the homemade flux that contains rare earth element to handle, adopt the melting and casting method, the rapid decomposable cast magnesium alloys of preparation light overpressure resistant.Lightweight metal material refers to that mainly density is lower than 4.5g/cm
3Material, comprise aluminium and alloy thereof, magnesium and alloy thereof, titanium and alloy thereof, lithium and alloy thereof, we the early stage research in find that aluminium and alloy thereof, titanium and alloy thereof the rate of decomposition in 93 ℃ 3%KCl solution is lower than 1 * 10
-5G.cm
-2.h
-1, the decomposability that can't satisfy in the multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology the ball material that builds the pressure requires (to require 93 ℃ 3%KCl rate of decomposition greater than 0.02g.cm
-2.h
-1).And lithium and alloy thereof are high owing to activity, and easily oxidation can't be carried out effectively preparing safely under atmospheric environment.
Therefore, we select for use with magnesium as the research basis, by regulating and control chemical ingredients and preparation technology, the employing industrialized preparing process, the cast magnesium alloys that the preparation light overpressure resistant decomposes fast is to satisfy in the multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology decomposability requirement to the ball material that builds the pressure.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to technical deficiency and the defective at the employed ball material that builds the pressure in the multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology of existing shale gas exploitation usefulness, propose that a kind of reasonable mixture ratio of components, production technique are simple, the cast magnesium alloys that can effectively decompose and preparation method thereof, make the decomposability of magnesium alloy surpass existing cast magnesium alloys.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The cast magnesium alloys that a kind of light overpressure resistant decomposes fast mainly comprises following components in weight percentage:
Al:13~25%
Zn:2~15%
Surplus is Mg.
A kind of light overpressure resistant is the cast magnesium alloys of decomposition fast, also comprises the micro-component of following weight percent:
Al:13~25%,
Zn:2~15%,
Fe:0.1~5%,
Cu:0.05~5%,
Ni:0.05~5%,
Ag:0~5%,
Zr:0.05~0.5%,
Ti:0.05~0.5%, surplus are Mg.
The preparation method of the cast magnesium alloys that a kind of light overpressure resistant decomposes fast comprises the steps:
By the quick cast magnesium alloys set of dispense ratio that decomposes of the light overpressure resistant of design, take by weighing each component, earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 700~730 ℃, again the master alloy of pure zinc and micro-component is put into the magnalium melt after the fusing, be warming up to 740-780 ℃; After the fusing, when being cooled to 720~750 ℃, feeding argon gas or use C
2Cl
6Refining agent carries out degassing processing; Then, be cooled to 700~720 ℃, leave standstill, at argon gas or SF
6With cast under the Air mixing gas shield.
The preparation method of the cast magnesium alloys that a kind of light overpressure resistant of the present invention decomposes fast, the master alloy of described micro-component is respectively Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Cu master alloy, Al-Ag master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, and master alloy adds in the magnalium melt after toasting drying.
The preparation method of the cast magnesium alloys that a kind of light overpressure resistant of the present invention decomposes fast, in the cast magnesium alloys that described light overpressure resistant decomposes fast, the content of component aluminium is made of the aluminium content in the master alloy of micro-component and the aluminium content in the magnalium melt.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
The present invention adopts the magnesium alloy of high aluminium content (weight percent 13~25%) and high zinc (weight percent 2~10%), and add Fe, Cu, Ni, the Ag element that improves the magnesium alloy corrosive nature, and add grain-refining agent Zr, the Ti element that improves compressive strength simultaneously.The purpose of wherein adding high aluminium content is to make generation a large amount of negative electrode phase β (Mg in crystal boundary place in the magnesium alloy
17Al
12) phase and eutectic phase, and magnesium matrix α is as the anode phase, thereby make the matrix of magnesium alloy and crystal boundary form a large amount of microbatterys, accelerating the corrosion of magnesium alloy decomposes, but the interpolation massfraction of aluminium can not surpass 25%, because too much interpolation aluminium has reduced the volume fraction of anode phase α phase, thereby reduced the microbattery quantity in the magnesium alloy.The purpose of adding high zinc content in magnesium alloy is to improve the intensity of magnesium alloy, but too much interpolation zinc has then reduced the negative electrode phase β (Mg in the magnesium alloy
17Al
12) volume fraction of phase.Elements such as Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, can improve the corrosive nature of magnesium alloy, thereby can promote the decomposition of magnesium alloy owing to formed a large amount of intermetallic microparticles at magnesium alloy.But and the interpolation refinement magnesium alloy crystal of micro-Zr, Ti element, thereby the compressive strength of raising alloy.The light overpressure resistant of the present invention's preparation decomposes cast magnesium alloys room temperature tensile strength sigma fast
bImprove 130~180MPa than existing AZ91D magnesium alloy, the rate of decomposition in 70 ℃, 3%KCl solution be existing AZ91D magnesium alloy 60-200 doubly, the rate of decomposition in 93 ℃, 3%KCl solution be existing AZ91D magnesium alloy 50-200 doubly.
In sum, simple, bulk strength and the decomposability energy that can effectively improve magnesium alloy of reasonable mixture ratio of components of the present invention, production technique.Adopt the melting and casting method, by composition and the preparation technology of regulation and control alloy, can obtain the cast magnesium alloys that light overpressure resistant decomposes fast, its performance is satisfied build the pressure in the multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology performance requriements of ball material.Thereby expanded the application of magnesium alloy in the oil and gas exploitation field.But form cast magnesium alloys of practical application in industry and preparation method thereof.
Embodiment
According to characteristics of the present invention, adopt the melting and casting method, regulate and control by chemical ingredients, obtain the industrial cast magnesium alloys that the room temperature compressive strength surpasses existing casting, and the decomposability in high-temp chlorination potassium solution (massfraction of 70 ℃ or 93 ℃ is 3% potassium chloride solution) obviously surpasses existing ingot metallurgy type magnesium alloy (as the AZ91D magnesium alloy of Mg-Al-Zn system).Specific embodiment is described as follows:
The alloy property index that the alloy compositions proportioning of the embodiment of the invention and Comparative Examples sees Table 1, embodiment and Comparative Examples preparation sees Table 2
Comparative Examples 1
Comparative alloy is the AZ91D magnesium alloy, and the chemical ingredients of this alloy is:
Mg-9Al-1Zn-0.3Zr-0.1Mn (massfraction), alloying ingredient (raw material is: fine aluminium, pure magnesium, Al-4Zr master alloy, Al-10Mn master alloy, pure zinc) melting in the Medium frequency induction resistance furnace, and use C
2Cl
6Carry out refining processing, through leaving standstill, skimming, under argon shield, be cast into billet by swage.
Embodiment 1
The component of alloy and weight percent thereof are:
13%Al-2%Zn-0.1%Fe-5%Ni-2.5%Ag-0.5%Ti-0.5%Zr, all the other are Mg.
The preparation method is: earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 700 ℃; To put into the magnalium melt through Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Ag master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and the pure zinc of baking again after the fusing, be warming up to 740 ℃ simultaneously; After the fusing, when being cooled to 720 ℃, feeding argon gas and carry out degassing processing; Be cooled to 700 ℃, leave standstill, under argon shield, cast, cooling.
Embodiment 2
The component of alloy and weight percent thereof are:
15%Al-5%Zn-0.5%Fe-0.1%Ni-0.1%Ti-0.1%Zr, all the other are Mg.
The preparation method is: earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 730 ℃; To put into the magnalium melt through Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and the pure zinc of baking again after the fusing, be warming up to 760 ℃ simultaneously; After the fusing, when being cooled to 730 ℃, feeding argon gas and carry out degassing processing; Be cooled to 710 ℃, leave standstill, at SF
6With cast under the Air mixing gas shield, the cooling.
Embodiment 3
The component of alloy and weight percent thereof are:
20%Al-10%Zn-5%Fe-2.5%Ni-2.5%Cu-5%Ag-0.25%Ti-0.25%Zr, all the other are Mg.
The preparation method is: earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 715 ℃; To put into the magnalium melt through Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Cu master alloy, Al-Ag master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and the pure zinc of baking again after the fusing, be warming up to 780 ℃ simultaneously; After the fusing, when being cooled to 750 ℃, with argon gas and C
2Cl
6Refining agent carries out degassing processing; Be cooled to 700 ℃, leave standstill, under argon shield, cast, cooling.
Embodiment 4
The component of alloy and weight percent thereof are:
18%Al-8%Zn-2.5%Fe-2.0%Ni-5%Cu-1%Ag-0.3%Ti-0.15%Zr, all the other are Mg.
The preparation method is: earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 715 ℃; To put into the magnalium melt through Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Cu master alloy, Al-Ag master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and the pure zinc of baking again after the fusing, be warming up to 750 ℃ simultaneously; After the fusing, when being cooled to 730 ℃, use C
2Cl
6Refining agent carries out degassing processing; Be cooled to 710 ℃, leave standstill, under argon shield, cast, cooling.
Embodiment 5
The component of alloy and weight percent thereof are:
20%Al-5%Zn-0.8%Fe-0.05%Ni-0.05%Cu-0.05%Ti-0.1%Zr, all the other are Mg.
The preparation method is: earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 730 ℃; To put into the magnalium melt through Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Cu master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and the pure zinc of baking again after the fusing, the while also is warming up to 750 ℃; After the fusing, when being cooled to 730 ℃, carry out degassing processing with argon gas; Be cooled to 720 ℃, leave standstill, under argon shield, cast, cooling.
Embodiment 6
The component of alloy and weight percent thereof are:
15%Al-6%Zn-1.5%Fe-0.2%Ni-1%Cu-2%Ag-0.15%Ti-0.1%Zr, all the other are Mg.
The preparation method is: earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 720 ℃; To put into the magnalium melt through Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Cu master alloy, Al-Ag master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and the pure zinc of baking again after the fusing, be warming up to 770 ℃ simultaneously; After the fusing, when being cooled to 740 ℃, use C
2Cl
6Refining agent carries out degassing processing; Be cooled to 700 ℃, leave standstill, at SF
6With cast under the Air mixing gas shield, the cooling.
Embodiment 7
The component of alloy and weight percent thereof are:
25%Al-10%Zn-1%Fe-0.5%Ni-0.1%Cu-0.5%Ti-0.05%Zr, all the other are Mg.
The preparation method is: earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace, be warming up to 730 ℃; To put into the magnalium melt through Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Cu master alloy, Al-Ag master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and the pure zinc of baking again after the fusing, be warming up to 760 ℃ simultaneously; After the fusing, when being cooled to 730 ℃,, with argon gas and C
2Cl
6Refining agent carries out degassing processing; Be cooled to 710 ℃, leave standstill, under argon shield, cast, cooling.
The main chemical compositions of table 1 cast alloy of the present invention (weight percent)
Table 2 cast alloy room temperature of the present invention compressive strength and pyrolysis decomposition rate
The performance parameter value of comparing embodiment and Comparative Examples, as can be seen: the incompressible intensity of the cast magnesium alloys of the present invention's preparation is apparently higher than comparative example's alloy, and obviously surpassed comparative example's alloy at 70 ℃ and 93 ℃ of rate of decomposition in 3%KCl solution, can satisfy the performance requriements that the light overpressure resistant of the ball material that builds the pressure in the multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology decomposes fast.
Claims (10)
1. the cast magnesium alloys that decomposes fast of a light overpressure resistant mainly comprises following components in weight percentage:
Al:13~25%,
Zn:2~15%,
Surplus is Mg, each composition weight percent and be 100%.
3. the cast magnesium alloys that decomposes fast of a kind of light overpressure resistant according to claim 2 also comprises weight percent and is 0~5% micro-Ag, each composition weight percent and be 100%.
4. the method for the cast magnesium alloys that decomposes fast as a kind of light overpressure resistant as described in any one of the claim 1-3 of preparation comprises the steps:
By the quick cast magnesium alloys set of dispense ratio that decomposes of the light overpressure resistant of design; take by weighing each component; earlier pure magnesium, fine aluminium are put into smelting furnace; again the master alloy of pure zinc and micro-component is put into the magnalium melt after the fusing; after the intensification fusing; the refining degasification, leave standstill, under protective atmosphere, cast then.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the temperature of fusion of pure magnesium, fine aluminium is 700~730 ℃.
6. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the temperature of fusion of the master alloy of pure zinc and other components is 740~780 ℃.
7. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: refining degasification temperature is 720~750 ℃, feeds argon gas or uses C
2Cl
6Carry out the refining degassing processing.
8. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: leave standstill, pouring temperature is 700~720 ℃, the casting protective atmosphere is argon gas or SF
6With Air mixing gas.
9. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the master alloy of described micro-component is respectively Al-Fe master alloy, Al-Ni master alloy, Al-Cu master alloy, Al-Ag master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, and master alloy adds in the magnalium melt after toasting drying.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: in the cast magnesium alloys that light overpressure resistant decomposes fast, the content of component aluminium is made of the aluminium content in the master alloy of micro-component and the aluminium content in the magnalium melt.
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