CN103308435A - Device for testing characteristic curves and permeability coefficients of unsaturated coarse particle soil and water - Google Patents
Device for testing characteristic curves and permeability coefficients of unsaturated coarse particle soil and water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103308435A CN103308435A CN201310205267XA CN201310205267A CN103308435A CN 103308435 A CN103308435 A CN 103308435A CN 201310205267X A CN201310205267X A CN 201310205267XA CN 201310205267 A CN201310205267 A CN 201310205267A CN 103308435 A CN103308435 A CN 103308435A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for testing characteristic curves and permeability coefficients of unsaturated coarse particle soil and water. A reversed filter is arranged at the bottom of a cylindrical rigid permeation column; six layers of compacted soil samples are arranged at the upper part of the reversed filter; a TDR (test data report) sensor, a tensiometer or a humidometer are buried at the same height on the same layer; pore pressure gauges are buried in the first layer and the sixth layer; the TDR sensor, and the tensiometer or the humidometer form 90 degrees; each pore pressure gauges and the tensiometer or the humidometer form 90 degrees; a waterhead stabilizer is externally connected with a water storage container and a water tank for providing a reference liquid level; the waterhead stabilizer is accessed into the reversed filter via a drainage valve; a top plate of the cylindrical rigid permeation column is connected with the drainage valve. Saturated ermeability coefficients of coarse particles can be obtained through the pore pressure gauges and the waterhead stabilizer after the sample is saturated; the change processes of of matric suctions and moisture contents of a soil body in each layer at different moments along with the time can be obtained through the corresponding tensiometer or the corresponding humidometer and the corresponding TDR sensor at the saturation, drainage and evaporation stages at the same time. Thus, mechanical parameters of the unsaturated coarse particle soil and water are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of unsaturation soil body hydraulic parameter determinator, especially relate to the test unit of a kind of unsaturation coarse-grained soil soil water characteristic curve and infiltration coefficient.
Background technology
The hydraulic parameter of the unsaturation soil body comprises native water characteristic curve and infiltration function, and native water characteristic curve is described is relation between matric suction and the water percentage (as: saturation degree, volumetric water content etc.); The infiltration function representation be relation between infiltration coefficient and matric suction or the water percentage.These parameters play crucial effect in analyzing problems such as relevant unsaturated soil problem, pore media polyphasic flow, the underground migration of pollutant.Therefore, determine that the unsaturated soil hydraulic parameter has very important meaning in unsaturated soil research and engineering practice.
At present, the method of measuring unsaturation soil body hydraulic parameter is a lot, relatively Chang Yong method has two big classes: the 1st class is to utilize instruments such as pressure plare instrument, Tempe instrument to measure unsaturated soil soil water characteristic curve under equilibrium state, and by native water characteristic curve and infiltration function coupled relation extrapolate infiltration coefficient under the matric suction effects at different levels.Because it is a lot of to influence the factor of unsaturation soil body soil water characteristic curve, may make native water characteristic curve that bigger variation takes place because of the influence of some or a plurality of factors, so that the infiltration coefficient distortion of extrapolating; The 2nd class is to adopt two samples of same state to measure unsaturated soil soil water characteristic curve and infiltration function respectively.This method does not still have full-fledged, and has problems such as test period is long, sample preparation is inhomogeneous.Therefore, how to utilize sample effective unsaturation soil body hydraulic parameter of measuring within a short period of time to become the major issue of paying close attention in the unsaturated soil research process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the test unit of a kind of unsaturation coarse-grained soil soil water characteristic curve and infiltration coefficient, measure water cut and the matric suction of the soil body simultaneously by TDR and tensiometer or hygrometer, thereby obtain native water characteristic curve, and combined hole presses meter to obtain the infiltration coefficient of coarse-grained soil with the transient state profile method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The present invention includes cylindrical rigidity infiltration post, six TDR sensors, six tensiometers, two holes pressure meters and six hygrometers; In cylindrical rigidity infiltration column bottom loaded filter is arranged, pack into behind the ground floor soil sample compacting in loaded filter top, permeate axis of a cylinder to the co-altitude place in cylindrical rigidity, bury first TDR sensor from outside to inside simultaneously underground, first tensiometer or first hygrometer, make progress successively, behind the layer 6 soil sample compacting, bury the 6th TDR sensor simultaneously underground at the co-altitude place, the 6th tensiometer or the 6th hygrometer, burying first hole in ground floor soil sample and the layer 6 soil sample respectively underground presses meter and second hole to press meter, the TDR sensor, 90 ° each other in hole pressure meter and tensiometer or hygrometer, external tank and the water tank that reference level is provided of head stabilising arrangement, the head stabilising arrangement a road through first water inlet pipe, first draining valve inserts port of loaded filter, another road second water inlet pipe of head stabilising arrangement, second draining valve inserts another port of loaded filter, and the top board of cylindrical rigidity infiltration post is through drainpipe, the 3rd draining valve draining.
Described ground floor soil sample and layer 5 soil sample are for equidistantly being arranged as 100mm, and layer 6 is 150mm.
Described loaded filter is that the geotechnique weaves cotton cloth and the bottom is that sand-gravel cushion is formed by top.
Described TDR probe comprises three probes side by side, three probes link to each other with concentric cable by connecting lead, connect lead, three probe one ends and concentric cable one end and place in the rectangular parallelepiped epoxy resin, the concentric cable other end links to each other with electromagnetic wave receiver with the electromagnetic wave excites device.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
After sample is saturated, press meter and head stabilising arrangement can get coarse grained saturation permeability coefficient by the hole; At saturated, draining, evaporation stage, can obtain the different soil body each layer matric suction constantly and water cut process over time simultaneously by tensiometer or hygrometer and TDR sensor, thereby obtain unsaturation coarse-grained soil hydraulic parameter, for the research of the unsaturation soil body provides a kind of measurement means.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is infiltration column model test unit front elevation.
Fig. 2 is infiltration column model test unit right view.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the TDR structural representation.
Fig. 6 is the side view of Fig. 5.
Among the figure: 1, infiltration post, 2, the TDR sensor, 3, tensiometer, 4, the hole presses meter, 5, hygrometer, 6, soil sample, 7, geotextile, 8, sand-gravel cushion, 9, draining valve, 10, top board, 11, drainpipe, 12, water inlet pipe, 13, the head stabilising arrangement, 14, tank, 15, water tank, 16, concentric cable, 17, connect lead, 18, epoxy resin, 19, probe.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention includes cylindrical rigidity infiltration post 1, six TDR sensors 2, six tensiometers 3,4 and six hygrometers 5 of two holes pressure meters; In cylindrical rigidity infiltration post 1 bottom loaded filter is arranged, pack into and hit real soil sample in loaded filter top, used soil sample is high ferro roadbed B group filler, grain diameter accounts for 80% of gross mass greater than 2mm, at cylindrical rigidity infiltration post 1 axial co-altitude place, bury first TDR sensor from outside to inside simultaneously underground, first tensiometer or first hygrometer, make progress successively, behind the layer 6 soil sample compacting, bury the 6th TDR sensor simultaneously underground at the co-altitude place, the 6th tensiometer or the 6th hygrometer, burying first hole in ground floor soil sample and the layer 6 soil sample respectively underground presses meter 4 and second hole to press meter 4, the TDR sensor, 90 ° each other in hole pressure meter and tensiometer or hygrometer, head stabilising arrangement 13 external tank 14 and the water tanks 15 that reference level is provided, head stabilising arrangement 13 a road through first water inlet pipe 12, first draining valve 9 inserts port of loaded filter, another road second water inlet pipe 12 of head stabilising arrangement 13, second draining valve 9 inserts another port of loaded filter, and cylindrical rigidity infiltration post 1 top board 10 is through drainpipe 11, the 3rd draining valve draining.
Described ground floor soil sample and layer 5 soil sample are for equidistantly being arranged as 100mm, and layer 6 is 150mm.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, loaded filter by top be the geotechnique weave cotton cloth 7 and the bottom be that sand-gravel cushion 8 is formed.
As Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, the TDR probe comprises three probes 19 side by side, three probes 19 link to each other with concentric cable 16 by connecting lead 17, connect lead 17, three probe 19 1 ends and concentric cable 16 1 ends and place in the rectangular parallelepiped epoxy resin 18, concentric cable 16 other ends link to each other with electromagnetic wave receiver with the electromagnetic wave excites device.
The head stabilising arrangement provides constant head, as reference level, presses instrumentation to decide the pore water pressure at sample different depth place by the hole, can get the saturation permeability coefficient of the soil body according to Darcy's law in the saturated back of sample.Permeability apparatus presses meter, hygrometer, sand-gravel cushion, geotextile to form by infiltration post, TDR sensor, tensiometer, hole.Sample divides six layers of filling, and each lamination is buried TDR sensor and tensiometer underground after finishing in fact, and tensiometer and TDR burial place are in angle, and concrete sectional view as shown in Figure 3.When soil body mesostroma suction
The time, utilize tensiometer to measure soil body matric suction, work as matric suction
The time, substitute tensiometer with hygrometer, measure the relative humidity of each layer of the soil body, be converted to the matric suction value according to relational expression again.Tensiometer and TDR sensor are embedded in soil body sustained height place, in saturated, draining, evaporation process, can record water cut and the matric suction situation of change of each layer soil body simultaneously, obtain coarse-grained soil soil water characteristic curve, the pore water pressure that utilizes tensiometer to record sample distributes, and utilizes the transient state profile method to try to achieve infiltration coefficient.
The above coarse grained saturation permeability coefficient, the level head associating Darcy's law of pressing pressure head that meter surveys and reference level to provide by the hole obtains.
The above tensiometer, hygrometer registration can directly be read by dial plate.
The TDR100 number that the above TDR sensor registration utilizes U.S. Campbell Scientific company to produce is adopted instrument and is gathered in real time.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows:
Infiltration post experimentation is divided into and is three phases: saturated, draining, evaporation stage.At first will test the soil body and be placed in 50 baking ovens and dry 24h, record the dry density of the soil body then.Add after a certain amount of water is configured to target water content, divide six layers to hit real dress sample, real density is hit in control, calculates the soil body quality of every layer of required interpolation.The height of sample was 100mm after the first five layer hit and finish in fact, and last one deck is 150mm.After every layer of sample compacting, dig out the hole of equal volume and bury the TDR sensor underground in the soil body, load one deck sample down again after the compacting, the native face of two-layer interface should dig hair.After sample had been loaded in compaction in layers, the registration of record TDR obtained the water cut of each layer after the sample compacting.Open water inlet pipe, from infiltration column bottom water inlet beginning saturated sample, freeing port there are flowing out up to the device top, and soil sample was considered as the state that reaches capacity after current continued 24h.The liquid level of keeping in the head stabilising arrangement is certain value, can get the hole and press the level head of meter P1 and P2 place face poor, and it is poor to press meter P1, P2 to get pressure head by the hole, utilizes Darcy's law to draw the coarse particle saturation permeability coefficient.Substitute the metal bar that is embedded in the soil sample, the saturated sample of intaking again (purpose is to avoid causing under the high suction in saturation history the vaporization of moisture in the tensiometer) with tensiometer.Open the bottom discharge valve, divide the several times draining, after each draining is finished, the registration of record TDR and tensiometer.After draining is finished, open infiltration capital lid, allow sample evaporate at ambient temperature.The registration value of record TDR and tensiometer in saturated, draining, the evaporation process is drawn the water characteristic curve that is unearthed.Can get the pore water pressure head by tensiometer and distribute, utilize the transient state profile method to try to achieve the infiltration coefficient of unsaturation coarse-grained soil.
Claims (4)
1. the test unit of unsaturation coarse-grained soil soil water characteristic curve and infiltration coefficient is characterized in that: comprise that cylindrical rigidity infiltration post (1), six TDR sensors (2), six tensiometers (3), two holes press meter (4) and six hygrometers (5); In cylindrical rigidity infiltration post (1) bottom loaded filter is arranged, pack into behind the ground floor soil sample compacting in loaded filter top, at the axial co-altitude place of cylindrical rigidity infiltration post (1), bury first TDR sensor from outside to inside simultaneously underground, first tensiometer or first hygrometer, make progress successively, behind the layer 6 soil sample compacting, bury the 6th TDR sensor simultaneously underground at the co-altitude place, the 6th tensiometer or the 6th hygrometer, burying first hole in ground floor soil sample and the layer 6 soil sample respectively underground presses meter and second hole to press meter, the TDR sensor, 90 ° each other in hole pressure meter and tensiometer or hygrometer, external tank (14) and the water tank (15) that reference level is provided of head stabilising arrangement (13), head stabilising arrangement (13) a road through first water inlet pipe, first draining valve inserts port of loaded filter, another road second water inlet pipe of head stabilising arrangement (13), second draining valve inserts another port of loaded filter, and the top board (10) of cylindrical rigidity infiltration post (1) is through drainpipe, the 3rd draining valve draining.
2. according to the test unit of the described a kind of unsaturation coarse-grained soil soil water characteristic curve of claim 1 and infiltration coefficient, it is characterized in that: described ground floor soil sample and layer 5 soil sample are for equidistantly being arranged as 100mm, and layer 6 is 150mm.
3. according to the test unit of the described a kind of unsaturation coarse-grained soil soil water characteristic curve of claim 1 and infiltration coefficient, it is characterized in that: described loaded filter is that the geotechnique weaves cotton cloth and the bottom is that sand-gravel cushion is formed by top.
4. according to the test unit of the described a kind of unsaturation coarse-grained soil soil water characteristic curve of claim 1 and infiltration coefficient, it is characterized in that: described TDR probe comprises three probes (19) side by side, three probes (19) link to each other with concentric cable (16) by connecting lead (17), connect lead (17), three probe (19) one ends and concentric cable (16) one ends and place in the rectangular parallelepiped epoxy resin (18), concentric cable (16) other end links to each other with electromagnetic wave receiver with the electromagnetic wave excites device.
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| CN103884635A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 宁夏大学 | Vertical saturation and non-saturation earth pillar infiltration testing device and testing method thereof |
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| CN104597227A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江大学 | Testing apparatus for double-air-entry-value soil-water characteristic curve of coarse-grain soil |
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| CN105259088A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-20 | 三峡大学 | Method and device for quickly determining permeability functions of unsaturated soil |
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Application publication date: 20130918 |