CN103305649B - External heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron production technique and device - Google Patents
External heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron production technique and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103305649B CN103305649B CN201310212534.6A CN201310212534A CN103305649B CN 103305649 B CN103305649 B CN 103305649B CN 201310212534 A CN201310212534 A CN 201310212534A CN 103305649 B CN103305649 B CN 103305649B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of production technique of external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron, comprise following process: adopt Iron concentrate and coal dust to be raw material blending, obtained C/O is than the compound being 0.95 ~ 1.1; This compound makes the spheroid that particle diameter is 6 ~ 20mm, is dried to moisture content≤2wt%; This compound is sent in reduction furnace and reduction reaction is occurred; Corresponding production equipment is also disclosed.The manufacture of carbonaceous pelletizing can be realized, by going back the ball milling of original product and sorting, under the prerequisite ensureing product grade, adapt to the use of various grade Iron concentrate, employing can modularization expand can external heated shaft furnace, the degree of metalization of product can be ensured, and adjust production capacity, reduce production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, relate to a kind of production technique and production equipment of external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron particularly.
Background technology
In external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron production technology, gordian technique, except shaft furnace body construction, is also the complete processing of the form of external heated shaft furnace and the raw material of use and the post-treatment technology of shaft furnace product.External heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron production technology the earliest appears at 1971, namely KINGLORMETOR flow process is called for short KM flow process, domestic also have part investigator by the impact of this technology at key device---deliver corresponding achievement in research in external heated shaft furnace, as the patent of invention " coal base direct-reduced " etc. of publication number CN101832706A " external combustion tube type direct reduction shaft furnace ", publication number CN201166513.
KM flow process, adopt the compound of iron ore and reduction coal composition to add from furnace roof reduction room opening, through shaft furnace preheating, reduce, be cooled to come out of the stove close to normal temperature, the post-treatment of mix products comes simply to be separated by magnetic separation, Magnetic Materials is sponge iron, nonmagnetics is residual coal, and residual coal is through screening, and coarse grain uses back into stove.The shaft furnace that KM flow process uses, a container is formed by outer cover of steel plate and firebrick lining, one group of reduction room be erected in container is arranged in it, one group is generally 6 reduction rooms, arrangement separated by a distance between each reduction room, each reduction room is all through upper vessel portion and bottom, top is connected with feed hopper, bottom is connected with discharge bucket with water cooling equipment, each reduction chamber cross-section is the rectangle of wide 300 ~ 600mm, long 1600mm, top, the reduction room high temperature steel be placed in container is made, and middle and lower part clay-silicon carbide brick is built into.Other space in container is combustion chamber, inside establishes multilayer gas burner.Use other fuel such as Sweet natural gas or coal gas, preheated air is combustion-supporting, and the heat that burning produces passes to the indoor material of reduction by reduction locular wall.Preheating section temperature and reduction section temperature control respectively at about 850 and 1050 DEG C.
" external combustion tube type direct reduction shaft furnace ", the body of heater of reduction room and combustion chamber is provided with in this external combustion tube type direct reduction shaft furnace comprises, be provided with the reduction reaction pipe of at least one both ends open in described body of heater, be reduction room in the pipe of described reduction reaction pipe, periphery is combustion chamber.
" coal base direct-reduced " is invented, and comprises shaft furnace, cooling hydrosphere and body of heater bearing.Body of heater bearing, is assembled into by load-bearing girder steel and multiple Steel Prop, and cooling hydrosphere is fixed on load-bearing girder steel, and shaft furnace is sat and is located on cooling hydrosphere.Shaft furnace comprises the reduction reaction chamber that body of heater and the multiple cross sections be arranged in body of heater are the vertical setting of rectangle, and body of heater is by body skin and block is located at fibre felt layer in body skin, diatomite brick layer, undercloak form successively.There is multilayer gas-fired formula quirk the both sides of each reduction reaction chamber, the upper end of each reduction reaction chamber is provided with feed bin, its lower end connects with corresponding upper watercooling jacket through after the reduction reaction chamber through hole on the high alumina brick wall in cooling hydrosphere, and upper watercooling jacket is connected with lower cooling water channel.Multiple gasburner and temperature thermocouple is installed in multilayer gas-fired formula quirk.Chimney is provided with in upper of furnace body.
Above-mentioned published technology, there is the similar tubulose of reduction reaction chamber and the same characteristic features be erected in stove, the problem of liquid phase is there is for overcoming material thermal expansion and high temperature, KM flow process adopts iron ore and reduction coal compound to enter stove, reduction temperature controls at about 1050 DEG C, other method is when without other complete sets of Techniques, and reduction temperature is also difficult to improve, and the recovery time is longer.Only adopt simple crushing and magnetic separation owing to going back original product, for ensureing the full Iron grade of product, higher to the requirement of raw material ferrous grade, use the Iron concentrate of common iron content about 63%, its product quality is lower, is difficult to reach all iron content and is greater than 90%.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of production technique of external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron, perfect technology, reduction shaft furnace can modularization expands energy, production cost is lower; And relevant production equipment.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of production technique of external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron, comprises following process: adopt Iron concentrate and coal dust to be raw material blending, obtained C/O is than the compound being 0.95 ~ 1.1; This compound makes the spheroid that particle diameter is 6 ~ 20mm, is dried to moisture content≤2wt%; This compound is sent in reduction furnace and reduction iron reaction processed is occurred.
Further, also comprise and reduction furnace product is carried out ball milling and sorted, obtain magnetic components.
Further, in this magnetic components, iron level is greater than 90%.
Further, this reduction furnace is external heated shaft furnace.
A production equipment for external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron, this production equipment is body of heater, is provided with mutually isolated combustion chamber and reduction room in this body of heater; This bottom, combustion chamber is provided with coal gas burner; The top of this reduction room is provided with material inlet, and bottom is provided with water-cooled hopper.
Further, this reduction room is provided with N number of, and this material inlet is made up of feed bin and stream divider, and feed bin is communicated with reduction room through stream divider.
Further, this combustion chamber is provided with N+1, is located between this N+1 combustion chamber to N number of reduction interventricular septum.
Further, silicon carbide brick is adopted to separate between combustion chamber and reduction room.
Further, the height of reduction room is identical with body of heater height.
Further, this combustion chamber is vertically divided into exhaust gases passes with high alumina brick, and this high alumina brick is provided with the hole of up/down perforation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: production technique can realize complete batching, the object that green-ball carbon containing improves kinetics of reduction condition is reached by batching, entering water seal tank by water-cooling spiral discharging, to reach reduzate not oxidized and reduce the object of metallic reducing rate, by ball milling sort operation reach the condition reducing Iron concentrate raw material grade under and ensure the object that product ferrous grade does not reduce, directly enter reduction shaft furnace combustion chambers burn by reduction tail gas and reach the object that waste heat and the energy makes full use of.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is production technological process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of production equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is A-A direction view in Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the description of this part is only exemplary and explanatory, should not have any restriction to protection scope of the present invention.
The production technique of a kind of external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron as shown in Figure 1, comprises following process: adopt Iron concentrate and coal dust to be raw material blending, and obtained C/O is than the compound being 0.95 ~ 1.1; This compound makes the spheroid that particle diameter is 6 ~ 20mm, is dried to moisture content≤2wt%; This compound is sent in reduction furnace and reduction reaction is occurred; Ball milling carried out to reduction furnace product and sorts, obtaining magnetic components.In this magnetic components, iron level is greater than 90%.
Production technique of the present invention is perfect, reduction shaft furnace can modularization expand can, the production method of direct-reduced iron that production cost is lower and system.
Concrete operation method: Iron concentrate realizes reasonably preparing burden by feed proportioning system with as the coal dust of reductive agent and caking agent etc., and in the compound after batching, C/O ratio is 0.95 ~ 1.1, by mixing machine batch mixing, then pelletizing by force.Qualified green-ball (particle size range is 6 ~ 20mm) drying (moisture content≤2%) after screening enters surge bunker.Feed in raw material to reduction furnace as required.Material in external-heat reduction shaft furnace through reduction, cooling after, enter water seal tank cold by force.Cooled material enters ball milling and sorts system and sort, through ball milling sort system sort after Magnetic Materials after drying by briquetting press briquetting, obtain unit weight and be greater than 4t/m
3the direct-reduction iron product that can be used as steelmaking feed.Through ball milling sort system sort after nonmagnetics through dehydration after store up, can be used as the addition material of manufacture of cement or utilized as the main raw material of aerated blocks masonry.The heating medium of external-heat reduction shaft furnace is reduction shaft furnace reduction room reduction tail gas out, and the coal gas of insufficient section is provided by producer gas.
In Fig. 1, each step operation is explained as follows in detail:
Described Feedstock treating comprises Iron concentrate and to store up and drying is executed, reduction coal is stored up and the dedusting of airborne dust in the conveying broken and dry, all raw materials are stored up, also comprised to sweetening agent and treating processes.Its principal facility is made up of stockyard, rotary drum dryer, crusher, bagroom, conveyor etc.
Described weighing comprises the buffer N storage of various raw material, weighing, conveying and dedusting, and its principal facility is made up of feed bin, weighing equipment, conveyor etc.
Described conveying and the mixing being mixed into raw material and comprising raw material, principal facility is strong mixed machine.
Described pelletizing comprise compound pelletizing, green-ball screening, minus mesh returns mixture length 3, principal facility is balling disc, roll screen, conveyor etc.
The drying of described green-ball comprises the drying of green-ball, conveying, the dedusting of flue gas, discharge, and its principal facility is chain-plate type drying machine, fly-ash separator, chimney.
Described green-ball conveying comprises buffer storage, conveying, and its principal facility is buffer bin, lift etc.
Described reduction comprises the derivation of the cloth of material, the heating of reduction shaft furnace, the discharging of reducing material, cooling, reduction tail gas; Its principal facility is made up of furnace roof batch can, stream divider, external heated shaft furnace, water-cooling spiral discharging machine, water seal tank, scrapper conveyor, gas relief valve etc.
Described water supply and process comprise the water supply of whole production system, the circular treatment supply of water coolant.Its principal facility is made up of water purification cooling pool, fresh water pump, turbid circulating water pond, Pulp pump etc.
Described ball milling sorts and to comprise in Magnetic Materials broken, thin broken, sorts.Its principal facility is ball mill, magnetic separator etc.
Described dry briquetting comprises the drying of the Magnetic Materials that flow process 11 is sent here, conveying, briquetting, finished product are stored up, flue gas ash removal and discharge.Its principal facility is made up of rotary drum dryer, hydraulic pressure briquetting press, conveyor, fly-ash separator, chimney etc.
Described nonmagnetics process comprise the nonmagnetics that flow process 11 is sent here precipitation, dewater, store up.Its principal facility is made up of settling tank, dreg grabbing machine, filter etc.
Described producer gas comprises the preparation of coal gas, clean, conveying.Its principal facility is producer gas generator and corresponding establishment.
Described UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN comprises the heat exchange of combustion tail gas, the supply of combustion air, the conveying of low-temperature flue gas, flue gas ash removal and discharge.Its principal facility is blower fan, interchanger.
External-heat reduction shaft furnace in described reduction, water-cooling spiral discharging machine are the nonstandard facilities in embodiment of the present invention, and all the other equipment are standard equipment.
Carry out ball milling to reduzate to sort, when ensureing direct-reduced iron quality product, relaxing the requirement that proportioning raw materials changes, the full Iron grade of Iron concentrate changes, can significantly reduce purchasing of raw materials cost, resource is fully used.
The production equipment of a kind of external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron as shown in Figures 2 and 3, for external-heat reduction shaft furnace, be made up of furnace top bin 1, stream divider 2, Furnace top combustion room tail gas heat exchanger 3, combustion chamber 4, reduction room 12, coal gas burner 7, water-cooled hopper 8, water-cooling spiral discharging machine 10 etc.Body of heater surrounding, except stream, gas channel, is all gone along with sb. to guard him with steel plate 6, heat insulation with multiple layer refractory masonry 5 between steel plate 6 and combustion chamber.Combustion chamber 4 separates with reduction room 12 silicon carbide brick 17.
Described combustion chamber 4 is divided into some flue gas stream passages along short transverse high alumina brick 16.Flue gas stream is connected by the connecting hole 11 between lower channel, enters UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN flow process after eventually passing Furnace top combustion room tail gas heat exchanger 3.
Described reduction room 12 is connected with top stream divider 2, is connected with bottom water-cooled hopper 8.Furnace top bin 1 can to multiple reduction rooms feed by stream divider 2.
The body of heater that described steel plate 6 is gone along with sb. to guard him, is supported by furnace bottom steel column 9.
Described reduction room 12 reduction tail gas out, is connected with gas main 15 by reduction exhaust gas channel 13, and converges before burner 7 with the air from air main 14, burnt to combustion chamber 4 heat supply by burner 7.
Reduction shaft furnace shown in Fig. 2, high 6 ~ 20 meters, long (along combustion chamber air flow line) 4 ~ 12 meters, width can arrange 2 ~ 30 reduction chamber units according to capacity requirements, each reduction chamber unit width 200 ~ 360mm.
External-heat reduction shaft furnace of the present invention, is separated by silicon carbide brick combustion chamber and reduction room and connects, and the material that the heat of combustion chamber is passed in reduction room by silicon carbide brick completes reduction reaction.Reduction room reduction tail gas out directly supplies combustion chambers burn after coming out of the stove, temperature of combustion controls at 1100 ~ 1250 DEG C, under this temperature condition, hydrocarbon polymer in reduction tail gas is decomposed and burns, waste heat directly utilizes, combustion tail gas nitrogen oxide content is also lower, and the impact of gas tail gas on environment drops to minimum.
Wherein, reduce room length and body of heater close; Reduction room is divided into the space of relative closure by means of only the combustion chamber of silicon carbide brick and both sides; The indoor material that reduces carries out reduction reaction under being in reducing atmosphere.
The material that reduction ends tentatively is cooled by water-cooled hopper 8, water-cooling spiral discharging machine 10, directly enters the water seal tank of water-cooling spiral discharging machine 10 bottom, avoids the oxidation of reduzate.
The water-cooling spiral discharging machine 10 of lower portion of furnace body is adjustable speed discharging machine, and material can regulate according to the material degree of metalization of setting in the recovery time that reduction is indoor.
Claims (2)
1. a production technique for external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron, comprises following process: adopt Iron concentrate and coal dust to be raw material blending, and obtained C/O is than the compound being 0.95 ~ 1.1; This compound makes the spheroid that particle diameter is 6 ~ 20mm, is dried to moisture content≤2wt%; This compound is sent in reduction furnace and reduction reaction is occurred; Also comprise and reduction furnace product is carried out ball milling and sorted, obtain magnetic components; In this magnetic components, iron level is greater than 90%; This reduction furnace is external heated shaft furnace.
2. a production equipment for external heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron, is characterized in that: this production equipment is body of heater, is provided with mutually isolated combustion chamber and reduction room in this body of heater; This bottom, combustion chamber is provided with coal gas burner; The top of this reduction room is provided with material inlet, and bottom is provided with water-cooled hopper; This reduction room is provided with N number of, and this material inlet is made up of feed bin and stream divider, and feed bin is communicated with reduction room through stream divider; This combustion chamber is provided with N+1, is located to this N number of reduction interventricular septum between this N+1 combustion chamber; Silicon carbide brick is adopted to separate between combustion chamber and reduction room; The height of reduction room is identical with body of heater height; This combustion chamber is vertically divided into exhaust gases passes with high alumina brick, and this high alumina brick is provided with the hole of up/down perforation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310212534.6A CN103305649B (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | External heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron production technique and device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310212534.6A CN103305649B (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | External heated shaft furnace coal-based direct reduction iron production technique and device |
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| CN103305649A CN103305649A (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| CN103305649B true CN103305649B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105039628B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-12-22 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Full coal base confesses that hot direct reduced technique and full coal base confess hot direct reduced shaft furnace |
| CN105441620A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-03-30 | 李建涛 | Coal-based direct reduction furnace and reduction method |
| CN108559815A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-09-21 | 赵威 | The device and method of direct reduced iron is produced using biological straw |
| CN111424130B (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2023-07-21 | 唐山中科乾海环保科技有限公司 | Improved heat accumulating type coal-based reduction device and reduction method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200955901Y (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2007-10-03 | 辽阳市宏远冶金研究所 | Chrome ore solid-state reduction external-heating shaft furnace |
| CN201166513Y (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2008-12-17 | 李志忠 | Coal base direct-reduced iron external heating type high furnace |
| CN101418372A (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-29 | 李志忠 | Production of pre-reduced chrome ore pellet by external heated shaft furnace |
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2013
- 2013-05-31 CN CN201310212534.6A patent/CN103305649B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200955901Y (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2007-10-03 | 辽阳市宏远冶金研究所 | Chrome ore solid-state reduction external-heating shaft furnace |
| CN201166513Y (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2008-12-17 | 李志忠 | Coal base direct-reduced iron external heating type high furnace |
| CN101418372A (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-29 | 李志忠 | Production of pre-reduced chrome ore pellet by external heated shaft furnace |
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