CN103269219A - Real-time clock compensation device and method - Google Patents

Real-time clock compensation device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103269219A
CN103269219A CN2013102108016A CN201310210801A CN103269219A CN 103269219 A CN103269219 A CN 103269219A CN 2013102108016 A CN2013102108016 A CN 2013102108016A CN 201310210801 A CN201310210801 A CN 201310210801A CN 103269219 A CN103269219 A CN 103269219A
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frequency
register
real
steps
temperature
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CN2013102108016A
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李鹏
王伟
吴艳辉
张亮
恽林峰
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Shanghai Beiling Co Ltd
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Shanghai Beiling Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time clock compensation device and method. The device comprises an oscillating crystal, an adjustable capacitor array, a register component, a data processing unit, a decoder, a capacitor adjusting unit and a frequency modulator. The register component comprises a temperature measurement temperature register, a drift coefficient register, a peak temperature register and a vertex offset register. The data processing unit is connected with the register component. The capacitor adjusting unit is connected with the decoder and the adjustable capacitor array respectively. The adjustable capacitor array is connected with the oscillating crystal. The frequency modulator is connected with the decoder and the oscillating crystal respectively. According to the real-time clock compensation device and method, compensation can be conducted on a real-time clock, measuring precision is improved, a compensation range is wide, testing temperature points are few, precision is high, and the testing cost of a chip is effectively lowered.

Description

Real-time clock compensation arrangement and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to real-time clock, more specifically, is a kind of real-time clock compensation arrangement and method.
Background technology
Real-time clock (Real_Time Clock, RTC) most important function provides calendar function, in embedded system, usually provide reliable system time with RTC, when comprising, divide, second and year, month, day etc., elements such as the oscillating crystal of the external 32.788KHz of common RTC needs and matching capacitance, because crystal oscillation frequency can be the conic section drift with temperature, the clock module of RTC can vary with temperature timing error, therefore, RTC clock module commonly used has all added temperature compensation function, can with timing error control ± 5ppm(1,000,000/) in the scope, this accuracy of timekeeping error that can guarantee one day is in 0.5 second.At present, the compensation method of RTC timing module is the timing error that adopts multi-point temp (more than 5 or 5) test RTC clock module, then according to the temperature variant conic section of test value match RTC timing module, again by calculating, obtain the offset of each temperature spot, at last offset is deposited in the look-up table, according to specified value in the table RTC timing module is compensated during variations in temperature, because this method needs multi-point sampler, therefore increased testing cost.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention, be to provide a kind of novel real-time clock compensation arrangement, it can pass through 3 temperature tests, the temperature variant conic section of match timing module, and can utilize the means of coarse adjustment and accurate adjustment that the output frequency of RTC clock module is adjusted, with the drift of compensation RTC clock module with temperature.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of real-time clock compensation method corresponding to this real-time clock compensation arrangement.
Real-time clock compensation arrangement of the present invention comprises oscillating crystal, tunable capacitor array, register assembly, data processing unit, decoder, capacitance adjustment unit and frequency modulator, wherein:
This register assembly comprises thermometric temperature register, coefficient of deviation register, summit temperature register and apex offset register;
This data processing unit is connected with this register assembly, is used for accounting temperature and changes conic section and calculated rate deviate;
This decoder is connected with this data processing unit, be used for this exemplary frequency deviation values is decoded, and number of steps is regulated in the output coarse adjustment and number of steps is regulated in accurate adjustment;
This capacitance adjustment unit is connected with this tunable capacitor array with this decoder respectively, is used for regulating number of steps according to this accurate adjustment, and this tunable capacitor array is regulated;
This tunable capacitor array is connected with this oscillating crystal, is used for the frequency of oscillation of this oscillating crystal output of accurate adjustment;
This frequency modulator is connected with this oscillating crystal with this decoder respectively, and for regulating number of steps according to this coarse adjustment, the frequency of oscillation that this oscillating crystal is exported adds frequency or subtracts adjusting frequently.
Preferably, described frequency modulator is connected with a frequency divider, and be used for that the frequency after regulating through described frequency modulator is carried out frequency division and handle, and the output time signal.
Preferably, described data processing unit is digital signal processor or microprocessor.
Real-time clock compensation method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
S100 tests three temperature spots, and carries out conic fitting, draws the conic section parameter, and writes in the corresponding register, and wherein, this conic section parameter comprises coefficient of deviation, summit temperature amount and apex offset amount;
S200 gathers Current Temperatures, draws actual temperature value, and according to this conic section parameter, calculates the exemplary frequency deviation values under this actual temperature;
S300 according to predetermined coarse adjustment stepping amplitude modulation and accurate adjustment stepping amplitude modulation, calculates coarse adjustment and regulates number of steps and accurate adjustment adjusting number of steps;
S400 regulates number of steps according to this accurate adjustment, the tunable capacitor array that oscillating crystal mates is regulated, and regulated number of steps according to this coarse adjustment, the frequency of oscillation of this oscillating crystal output is regulated, and the frequency signal of output through regulating.
Preferably, this method is further comprising the steps of behind step S400:
S500 carries out frequency division to described frequency signal through regulating and handles, and the output time signal.
Real-time clock compensation arrangement of the present invention and method can compensate real-time clock, thereby have improved certainty of measurement, but and compensation range wide, probe temperature point is few, the precision height has reduced the testing cost of chip effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the temperature variant conic section figure of RTC timing module;
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of oscillating crystal;
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of clock compensation device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 utilizes this clock compensation device to carry out the flow chart of clock compensation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, to the structure of real-time clock compensation arrangement of the present invention and method, form step and operation principle is elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, be the temperature variant conic section figure of RTC timing module, the temperature variant characteristic of RTC timing module is exactly the temperature variant characteristic of crystal.This conic section formula Δ f=β (T-T 0) 2+ S 0(formula 1) represented.Wherein Δ f is the exemplary frequency deviation values of the relative conic section of crystal frequency summit frequency, the ppm of unit; β is coefficient of deviation, representative value-0.04ppm/ ℃ 2T 0Be conic section summit temperature, representative value is 25 ℃; S 0Be vertical deviation value on conic section summit, representative value has 0, and-20 ,-50 etc.
Be the equivalent circuit diagram of oscillating crystal 110 as shown in Figure 2, wherein C0 is direct capacitance, representative value 2pF; Rm is resonant resistance; Lm is dynamic inductance, representative value 3900H; Cm is dynamic capacity, representative value 6pF; Cin and Cout are load capacitances, representative value 25pF; CT is the tunable capacitor array, has certain adjustable accuracy (stepping amplitude modulation), 1ppm for example, its can-15ppm～+ the 15ppm scope in the accurate adjustment crystal oscillation frequency.
Based on above characteristics, the invention provides a kind of new real-time clock compensation arrangement.As shown in Figure 3, be the composition schematic diagram of real-time clock compensation arrangement of the present invention, this real-time clock compensation arrangement comprises oscillating crystal 110, tunable capacitor array 120, register assembly 130, data processing unit 140, decoder 150, capacitance adjustment unit 160 and frequency modulator 170 by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Particularly, this register assembly 130 comprises thermometric temperature register 131, coefficient of deviation register 132, summit temperature register 133 and apex offset register 134.Thermometric temperature register 131 is used for depositing one or more actual temperatures of surveying, and coefficient of deviation register 132 is used for depositing coefficient of deviation β, and summit temperature register 133 is used for depositing conic section summit temperature T 0, the apex offset register is used for depositing vertical deviation value S on conic section summit 0When initial, any initial value can be write coefficient of deviation register 132, summit temperature register 133 and apex offset register 134, for example all write 0.
Data processing unit 140 is connected with register assembly 130, is used for accounting temperature and changes conic section and calculated rate deviate.Data processing unit 140 can be according to three temperature spots of thermometric temperature register (for example-35 ℃, 25 ℃, 75 ℃) pulse per second (PPS) output timing error (ppm value), namely in the difference of the timing of the output valve of three temperature spot standard thermometers and the actual output of real-time clock, according to above-mentioned formula 1, carry out curve fitting or solve an equation, draw β, T0, three parameters relevant with crystal property of S0, and these three values are deposited in the corresponding register.
Further, data processing unit 140 also is used for the calculated rate deviate.Particularly, after going out β, T0, S0 and drawing, can draw the exemplary frequency deviation values Δ f under this temperature according to the formula 1 after the temperature value that collects (utilizing the standard thermometer collection) and the definite parameter.
Data processing unit 140 can be digital signal processor or microprocessor.For example dsp chip, RAM microprocessor etc.
Decoder 150 is connected with data processing unit 140, be used for exemplary frequency deviation values is decoded, and number of steps m is regulated in the output coarse adjustment and number of steps n is regulated in accurate adjustment.Because the degree of regulation of capacitance adjustment unit 160 can reach 1ppm, the controllable adjustment scope is-15ppm～+ 15ppm; And the regulated value of a clock cycle correspondence of frequency modulator plus-minus be the frequency of 30.5ppm(hypothesis crystal is 32768Hz, and the ppm time regulated quantity of then adding and subtracting a clock cycle is 1/32768, i.e. about 30.5ppm).Therefore, the accurate adjustment stepping amplitude modulation of capacitance adjustment unit 160 can be 1ppm, and the coarse adjustment of frequency modulator 160 adjusting stepping amount can be 30.5ppm.At first, decoder 150 is determined coarse adjustment adjusting number of steps according to exemplary frequency deviation values Δ f and coarse adjustment stepping amplitude modulation, and then regulates the stepping amount according to surplus and accurate adjustment, determines accurate adjustment adjusting number of steps.
The scope of coarse adjustment is determined by the bit wide of coarse adjustment value fully.For example, the maximum adjusting range of 4 coarse adjustment number of steps is 2 4* 30.5ppm=488ppm, crystal oscillator commonly used is about-200ppm in the maximum temperature of-45 ℃～85 ℃ temperature ranges value of wafing, so coarse adjustment range can be contained different crystal oscillator types on the market fully.Cooperate accurate adjustment again, can be with timing error control at ± 1ppm.
Capacitance adjustment unit 160 is connected with tunable capacitor array 120 with decoder 150 respectively, is used for regulating number of steps n according to accurate adjustment, and tunable capacitor array 120 is regulated.As mentioned above, capacitance adjustment unit 160 can be according to the adjusting number of steps n that calculates, and the output regulating command is to carry out the accurate adjustment operation to tunable capacitor array 120.
Tunable capacitor array 120 is connected with oscillating crystal 110, is used for the frequency of oscillation of accurate adjustment oscillating crystal 110 outputs.Usually, the accurate adjustment of tunable capacitor array adjusting amplitude modulation is 1ppm.
Frequency modulator 170 is connected with oscillating crystal 110 with decoder 150 respectively, and for regulating number of steps m according to coarse adjustment, the frequency of oscillation that oscillating crystal 110 is exported adds frequency or subtracts adjusting frequently, also is that coarse adjustment is regulated.As mentioned above, the coarse adjustment stepping amplitude modulation of frequency modulator 170, i.e. the time that every increase and decrease clock cycle brings changes, and is relevant with the frequency of oscillation of output, and for example, as mentioned above, when the frequency of oscillation of exporting was 32768Hz, coarse adjustment stepping amplitude modulation was 30.5ppm.
In addition, frequency modulator 170 is connected with frequency divider 180, and be used for that the frequency after regulating through frequency modulator 170 is carried out frequency division and handle, and the output time signal.
As shown in Figure 4, be to utilize this clock compensation device to carry out the flow chart of clock compensation, this compensation method comprises that step S100 is to step S400.Below each step is specifically described.
Step S100.
In this step, three temperature spots are tested, and carried out conic fitting, draw the conic section parameter, and write in the corresponding register, wherein, this conic section parameter comprises coefficient of deviation, summit temperature amount and apex offset amount.
For example, can be initially at β, T 0, S 0Insert " 0 " in three registers, then, three temperature spots are tested, draw the pulse per second (PPS) output timing error (ppm) of real-time clock output under three temperature spots, and utilize formula 1 to carry out conic fitting, draw conic section parameter beta, T 0, S 0, write in the corresponding register.
Step S200.
In this step, Current Temperatures is gathered, drawn actual temperature value, and according to this conic section parameter, calculate the exemplary frequency deviation values under this actual temperature.
Step S300.
In this step, according to predetermined coarse adjustment stepping amplitude modulation and accurate adjustment stepping amplitude modulation, calculate coarse adjustment and regulate number of steps and accurate adjustment adjusting number of steps.
After obtaining the said frequencies deviate, the time difference (ppm) that can convert to according to this exemplary frequency deviation values, and according to coarse adjustment stepping amplitude modulation (for example 30.5ppm) and accurate adjustment stepping amplitude modulation (for example 1ppm), the processing of decoding is calculated coarse adjustment and is regulated number of steps m and accurate adjustment adjusting number of steps n.
Step S400.
In this step, regulate number of steps according to accurate adjustment, the tunable capacitor array 120 that oscillating crystal 110 mates is regulated, and regulate number of steps according to coarse adjustment, the frequency of oscillation of these oscillating crystal 110 outputs is regulated, and the frequency signal of output through regulating.
With reference to Fig. 3, in one embodiment, accurate adjustment is regulated and is utilized capacitance adjustment unit 160 to carry out, and carries out accurate adjustment so that tunable capacitor array 120 is regulated number of steps according to the accurate adjustment of 1ppm; Coarse adjustment is regulated and to be utilized frequency modulator 170 to carry out, and namely the concussion frequency of the output of oscillating crystal 110 is added frequently (namely increasing one or more clock cycle) or subtract frequently (namely reducing one or more clock cycle) to handle.
By above step S100-S400, can obtain through overregulating the frequency signal of correction.
Next, in step S500, utilize 180 pairs of frequency signals through regulating of frequency divider to carry out frequency division and handle, and the output time signal.By above accurate adjustment and coarse adjustment, can make the error control of time signal in the scope of ± 1ppm.
In sum, real-time clock compensation arrangement of the present invention and method can compensate real-time clock, thereby have improved certainty of measurement, but and compensation range wide, probe temperature point is few, the precision height has reduced the testing cost of chip effectively.

Claims (5)

1. a real-time clock compensation arrangement is characterized in that, this device comprises oscillating crystal, tunable capacitor array, register assembly, data processing unit, decoder, capacitance adjustment unit and frequency modulator, wherein:
This register assembly comprises thermometric temperature register, coefficient of deviation register, summit temperature register and apex offset register;
This data processing unit is connected with this register assembly, is used for accounting temperature and changes conic section and calculated rate deviate;
This decoder is connected with this data processing unit, be used for this exemplary frequency deviation values is decoded, and number of steps is regulated in the output coarse adjustment and number of steps is regulated in accurate adjustment;
This capacitance adjustment unit is connected with this tunable capacitor array with this decoder respectively, is used for regulating number of steps according to this accurate adjustment, and this tunable capacitor array is regulated;
This tunable capacitor array is connected with this oscillating crystal, is used for the frequency of oscillation of this oscillating crystal output of accurate adjustment;
This frequency modulator is connected with this oscillating crystal with this decoder respectively, and for regulating number of steps according to this coarse adjustment, the frequency of oscillation that this oscillating crystal is exported adds frequency or subtracts adjusting frequently.
2. real-time clock compensation arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described frequency modulator is connected with a frequency divider, be used for that the frequency after regulating through described frequency modulator is carried out frequency division and handle, and the output time signal.
3. real-time clock compensation arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described data processing unit is digital signal processor or microprocessor.
4. a real-time clock compensation method is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
S100 tests three temperature spots, and carries out conic fitting, draws the conic section parameter, and writes in the corresponding register, and wherein, this conic section parameter comprises coefficient of deviation, summit temperature amount and apex offset amount;
S200 gathers Current Temperatures, draws actual temperature value, and according to this conic section parameter, calculates the exemplary frequency deviation values under this actual temperature;
S300 according to predetermined coarse adjustment stepping amplitude modulation and accurate adjustment stepping amplitude modulation, calculates coarse adjustment and regulates number of steps and accurate adjustment adjusting number of steps;
S400 regulates number of steps according to this accurate adjustment, the tunable capacitor array that oscillating crystal mates is regulated, and regulated number of steps according to this coarse adjustment, the frequency of oscillation of this oscillating crystal output is regulated, and the frequency signal of output through regulating.
5. real-time clock compensation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, this method is further comprising the steps of behind step S400:
S500 carries out frequency division to described frequency signal through regulating and handles, and the output time signal.
CN2013102108016A 2013-05-30 2013-05-30 Real-time clock compensation device and method Pending CN103269219A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106289328A (en) * 2016-08-16 2017-01-04 广州卓振智能科技有限公司 A kind of warm and humid angle value metrophia compensation method and system

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US20060132254A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-06-22 Micro Analog Systems Oy Temperature compensated crystal oscillator
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CN106289328A (en) * 2016-08-16 2017-01-04 广州卓振智能科技有限公司 A kind of warm and humid angle value metrophia compensation method and system
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Application publication date: 20130828