CN103258654B - Based on the manufacture method of the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density - Google Patents
Based on the manufacture method of the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density Download PDFInfo
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- CN103258654B CN103258654B CN201310160715.9A CN201310160715A CN103258654B CN 103258654 B CN103258654 B CN 103258654B CN 201310160715 A CN201310160715 A CN 201310160715A CN 103258654 B CN103258654 B CN 103258654B
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- inner membrance
- eggshell inner
- eggshell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density; This manufacture method using after activation processing in the carbonization of eggshell inner membrance and air as super capacitor anode material, the eggshell inner membrance in carbonization and strong basicity environment after activation processing grows MnO
2nano particle as the positive electrode of ultracapacitor, undressed eggshell inner membrance as barrier film, Na
2sO
4neutral solution, as electrolyte, is assembled into asymmetrical ultracapacitor.The Asymmetric Supercapacitor based on eggshell inner membrance that the present invention makes has the features such as the low and environmental friendliness of high energy density, high power density, use safety, cost, its cyclical stability also reaches usage level, and eggshell inner membrance can be reused as a kind of daily house refuse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of Asymmetric Supercapacitor, particularly a kind of manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density.
Background technology
Along with the consumption of non-renewable resources and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the demand of people to low cost and environmentally friendly high-power energy source is more and more urgent.Compared to battery and conventional capacitive, ultracapacitor has the advantages that to provide high power density and high energy density, but the ultracapacitor of symmetry can not provide sufficiently high energy density.Arise at the historic moment based on this asymmetrical ultracapacitor, asymmetrical ultracapacitor forms primarily of the cell type faraday electrode as energy source and the capacitor type electrode as power source.
The performance of Asymmetric Supercapacitor depends on used material consumingly, usually select material with carbon element as negative material, have the material of nanostructure and redox active as positive electrode, in addition, suitable electrolyte is also the key obtaining high-energy-density and high power density.Absorbent charcoal material has high specific area (~ 2000 m
2/ g), the characteristic such as high conductivity and low cost, be thus widely used in proposing high-octane conversion and storage.But for double electric layer capacitor, hydrionic diameter is at 0.6 ~ 0.76 nm, and the micropore of most active carbon is less than 0.4 nm, so the raising of restricted activity material with carbon element specific capacity.In addition, alkalescence or the use of acidic electrolysis bath, be unfavorable for the safe handling of ultracapacitor, likely exist inflammable, corrode and be not easy to problems such as assembling in air.Therefore, develop a kind of low cost, environmental friendliness, safety and high performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor and seem particularly important.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density, the Asymmetric Supercapacitor made can provide high-energy-density and high power density, there is good cyclical stability, and make simple, cost is low, environmental friendliness and use safety.
Manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1) eggshell inner membrance is peeled off and cleaning from eggshell;
2) eggshell inner membrance step 1) obtained heats carbonization treatment in protective atmosphere;
3) by step 2) the eggshell inner membrance heat-activated process in atmosphere of carbonization that obtains;
4) the eggshell inner membrance in air step 3) obtained after activation mixes with binding agent, to be coated on electrode base sheet and to be pressed into negative plate;
5) by step 2) eggshell inner membrance heat-activated process in strong basicity environment of carbonization of obtaining;
6) the eggshell inner membrance in the strong basicity environment obtained in step 5) after activation grows MnO
2nano particle;
7) growth that step 6) obtains there is MnO
2the eggshell inner membrance of nano particle mixes with binding agent, to be coated on electrode base sheet and to be pressed into positive plate;
8) by Na
2sO
4neutral solution is as electrolyte, and the undressed eggshell inner membrance that step 1) obtains, as barrier film, assembles asymmetrical ultracapacitor together with the positive plate that the negative plate obtained with step 4) and step 7) obtain.
Further, the concrete steps of peeling off in described step 1) and cleaning are: use the HCl of 1mol/L to corrode the calcium carbonate removed outside eggshell, then by the eggshell inner membrance washed with de-ionized water of stripping.
Further, described step 2) in the concrete steps of carbonization treatment be: eggshell inner membrance is warming up to 800 DEG C of carbonization treatment 2 hours with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min in argon atmosphere; The eggshell inner membrance of carbonization is cleaned with the HCl of KOH and 2mol/L of 2mol/L respectively.
Further, in described step 3), the concrete steps of activation processing are in atmosphere: the eggshell inner membrance of carbonization is warming up to 300 DEG C of activation 2 hours with the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min in atmosphere.
Further, in described step 5), in strong basicity environment, the concrete steps of activation processing are: the eggshell inner membrance of carbonization mixes with mass ratio 1:4 with KOH in argon atmosphere, are then warming up to 700 DEG C of activation 2 hours with the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min; Eggshell inner membrance washed with de-ionized water in strong basicity environment after activation.
Further, MnO is grown in described step 6)
2the concrete steps of nano particle are: the eggshell inner membrance in strong basicity environment after activation is placed in the KMnO of 0.1mol/L
42 hours are grown at 60 DEG C in solution.
Further, in described step 4) and step 7), binding agent is polytetrafluoroethylene, and electrode base sheet is nickel screen.
Further, in described step 8), Na
2sO
4the concentration of neutral solution is 1mol/L.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the biologic garbage eggshell inner membrance in daily life is carried out refuse reclamation by the present invention, produces a kind of all based on the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of eggshell inner membrance; In the carbonization of eggshell inner membrance and air, activation processing can obtain very high ratio capacitance, it can be used as super capacitor anode material, the eggshell inner membrance in carbonization and strong basicity environment after activation processing grows MnO
2nano particle, as the positive electrode of ultracapacitor, undressed eggshell inner membrance selected by barrier film, and nonflammable, stable, safe neutral Na selected by electrolyte
2sO
4solution, is assembled into asymmetrical ultracapacitor; This Asymmetric Supercapacitor can reach high energy density (50.4 Wh/kg, when charging and discharging currents density is 200 mA/g) and high power density (6075 W/kg, when energy density is 7.36 Wh/kg), and reach acceptable cyclical stability (reaching 79% of initial capacity after 1000 circulations).
Therefore, the Asymmetric Supercapacitor based on eggshell inner membrance that the present invention makes has the features such as the low and environmental friendliness of high energy density, high power density, use safety, cost, its cyclical stability also reaches usage level, and eggshell inner membrance can be reused as a kind of daily house refuse, not only can manufacture high performance ultracapacitor, and the pollution of house refuse can be reduced, be beneficial to the structure of low-carbon (LC) society.The Asymmetric Supercapacitor of the high-energy-density based on eggshell inner membrance that the present invention makes and high power density can be applied to common current consumption electronic product and need the large-scale instrument and equipment of high-energy/power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Asymmetric Supercapacitor that embodiment makes;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of eggshell inner membrance after the undressed eggshell inner membrance that obtains in embodiment preparation process and process;
Fig. 3 is AC-300 and MnO obtained in embodiment preparation process
2the three-electrode system electrochemical Characterization figure of/AC-KOH;
Fig. 4 is the charging and discharging curve of the different discharge and recharge window of Asymmetric Supercapacitor that embodiment makes;
Fig. 5 is the electrochemical Characterization figure of the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of embodiment making and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of contrast;
Fig. 6 is the cyclical stability resolution chart of the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of embodiment making and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of contrast;
Fig. 7 is the SEM figure of Asymmetric Supercapacitor eggshell inner membrance barrier film after charge and discharge cycles that embodiment makes.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
The manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) eggshell inner membrance is peeled off and cleaning from eggshell: use the HCl of 1mol/L to corrode the calcium carbonate removed outside eggshell, then the eggshell inner membrance washed with de-ionized water that will peel off;
2) eggshell inner membrance step 1) obtained is warming up to 800 DEG C of carbonization treatment 2 hours with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min in argon atmosphere; The eggshell inner membrance of carbonization is cleaned with the HCl of KOH and 2mol/L of 2mol/L respectively, to remove the impurity contained in it;
3) by step 2) the eggshell inner membrance of carbonization that obtains is warming up to 300 DEG C of activation 2 hours (the eggshell inner membrance in air after activation is designated as AC-300) with the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min in atmosphere;
4) the eggshell inner membrance in air step 3) obtained after activation and polyfluortetraethylene of binding element in mass ratio 95:5 mix, and to be coated to diameter be on the circular nickel screen of 1 centimetre and be pressed into negative plate;
5) by step 2) the eggshell inner membrance of carbonization that obtains mixes with mass ratio 1:4 with KOH in argon atmosphere, is then warming up to 700 DEG C of activation 2 hours (the eggshell inner membrance in strong basicity environment after activation is designated as AC-KOH) with the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min; Eggshell inner membrance washed with de-ionized water in strong basicity environment after activation;
6) the eggshell inner membrance in the strong basicity environment obtained in step 5) after activation is placed in the KMnO of 0.1mol/L
4mnO is grown at 60 DEG C in solution
2within 2 hours, (growth has MnO to nano particle
2the eggshell inner membrance of nano particle is designated as MnO
2/ AC-KOH);
7) growth that step 6) obtains there is MnO
2the eggshell inner membrance of nano particle and polyfluortetraethylene of binding element in mass ratio 95:5 mix, and to be coated to diameter be on the circular nickel screen of 1 centimetre and be pressed into positive plate;
8) be the Na of 1mol/L by concentration
2sO
4neutral solution as electrolyte, the undressed eggshell inner membrance (diameter is the disk of 1 centimetre) that step 1) obtains as barrier film, successively according to " negative plate → electrolyte Na together with the positive plate that the negative plate obtained with step 4) and step 7) obtain
2sO
4(15 microlitre) → undressed eggshell inner membrance → electrolyte Na
2sO
4(15 microlitre) → positive plate " order assemble asymmetrical ultracapacitor, its structural representation is as shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of eggshell inner membrance after the undressed eggshell inner membrance that obtains in embodiment preparation process and process, wherein, a photo in kind (illustration) that () is undressed eggshell inner membrance and eggshell inner membrance, the sectional view of b eggshell inner membrance that () is carbonization, the plane graph of c eggshell inner membrance that () is carbonization, d () is the eggshell inner membrance (illustration is corresponding transmission electron microscope picture) after activation in air, (e-f) is the eggshell inner membrance after activation in strong basicity environment; As can be seen from Figure 2, eggshell inner membrance itself has the network-like structure of porous, layering, individual fiber diameter is at 0.1-4 micron, bore dia is at 1-10 micron, eggshell inner membrance thickness is about 20 microns, after carbonization treatment, eggshell inner membrance can keep the structure of himself, and the eggshell inner membrance in air after activation processing then can produce a lot of micropore at fiber surface, and can produce the lamella loose structure of class graphite-like after activation in strong basicity environment.
Fig. 3 is AC-300 and MnO obtained in embodiment preparation process
2the three-electrode system electrochemical Characterization figure of/AC-KOH, wherein, (a) is for AC-300 under three-electrode system is at the Na of 1mol/L
2sO
4the different cyclic voltammetry curve sweeping speed in solution; B () is MnO under three-electrode system
2/ AC-KOH is at the Na of 1mol/L
2sO
4the different cyclic voltammetry curve sweeping speed in solution; C () is for AC-300 under three-electrode system is at the Na of 1 mol/L
2sO
4the charging and discharging curve of different charge-discharge velocity in solution; D () is MnO under three-electrode system
2/ AC-KOH is at the Na of 1 mol/L
2sO
4the charging and discharging curve of different charge-discharge velocity in solution; E () is AC-300 and MnO
2the capacity curve of/AC-KOH under different scanning speed and charge-discharge velocity; F () is AC-300 and MnO
2impedance curve under/AC-KOH three-electrode system; As shown in Figure 3, the eggshell inner membrance (AC-300) in air after activation is 2 mV/s and the Na using 1mol/L in cyclic voltammetry sweep speed
2sO
4can reach the capacity of 444 F/g during electrolyte, growth has MnO
2eggshell inner membrance (the MnO of nano particle
2/ AC-KOH) be 2 mV/s in cyclic voltammetry sweep speed and use the Na of 1mol/L
2sO
4the capacity of 262 F/g can be reached during electrolyte.
Fig. 4 is the charging and discharging curve of the different discharge and recharge window of Asymmetric Supercapacitor that embodiment makes, and charging and discharging currents density is 200 mA/g, and as shown in Figure 4, maximum charging/discharging voltage window is about 1.5V.
Embodiment make Asymmetric Supercapacitor with undressed eggshell inner membrance for barrier film (by embodiment make Asymmetric Supercapacitor be designated as n-ESM); Barrier film in the Asymmetric Supercapacitor make embodiment replaces with Whatman filter paper, makes the Asymmetric Supercapacitor (Asymmetric Supercapacitor of this contrast is designated as Whatman) contrasted with embodiment; In addition also with based on Graphene and MnO
2the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of nano wire as a comparison.
Fig. 5 is the electrochemical Characterization figure of the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of embodiment making and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of contrast, wherein, a () is the cyclic voltammetry curve that under two electrode systems, the difference of Whatman Asymmetric Supercapacitor sweeps speed, b () is the cyclic voltammetry curve that under two electrode systems, the difference of n-ESM Asymmetric Supercapacitor sweeps speed, c () is the charging and discharging curve of Whatman Asymmetric Supercapacitor and n-ESM Asymmetric Supercapacitor under two electrode systems, d () to sweep the capacity under speed and charging and discharging currents density in difference for Whatman Asymmetric Supercapacitor and n-ESM Asymmetric Supercapacitor, e () is Whatman Asymmetric Supercapacitor, n-ESM Asymmetric Supercapacitor and based on Graphene and MnO
2energy density-power density the curve of the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of nano wire, the impedance curve that (f) is Whatman Asymmetric Supercapacitor and n-ESM Asymmetric Supercapacitor, illustration is corresponding Bode curve, as shown in Figure 5, the Asymmetric Supercapacitor that embodiment makes can reach high energy density (50.4 Wh/kg, when charging and discharging currents density is 200 mA/g) and high power density (6075 W/kg, when energy density is 7.36 Wh/kg), and Asymmetric Supercapacitor energy density when charging and discharging currents density is 200 mA/g of contrast is less.
Fig. 6 is the cyclical stability resolution chart of the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of embodiment making and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of contrast, wherein, a () is the stable circulation linearity curve of Whatman Asymmetric Supercapacitor and n-ESM Asymmetric Supercapacitor under two electrode systems, (b) encloses and the 1000th Bode curve enclosed for Whatman Asymmetric Supercapacitor and the corresponding discharge and recharge of n-ESM Asymmetric Supercapacitor the 1st; As shown in Figure 6, the Asymmetric Supercapacitor that embodiment makes can reach acceptable cyclical stability (reaching 79% of initial capacity after 1000 circulations), and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor cyclical stability of contrast is poor.
Fig. 7 is the SEM figure of Asymmetric Supercapacitor eggshell inner membrance barrier film after charge and discharge cycles that embodiment makes, and wherein, (a-b) is positive pole MnO
2the SEM figure of/AC-KOH side eggshell inner membrance barrier film, the SEM that (c-d) is negative pole AC-300 side eggshell inner membrance barrier film schemes; As shown in Figure 7, still can keep its good structure through circulation with metacneme, show its good stability.
In the present invention, the carbonization of eggshell inner membrance, in atmosphere activation processing and in strong basicity environment the parameter of activation processing can adjust accordingly within the specific limits, MnO
2the growth temperature of nano particle and time also can correspondingly adjust, and electrode slice is not limited to nickel screen, and other sheet metal or conductive film also can be used for the present invention.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by referring to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, invention has been described, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits.
Claims (6)
1., based on a manufacture method for the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) eggshell inner membrance is peeled off and cleaning from eggshell;
2) by step 1) the eggshell inner membrance that obtains heats carbonization treatment in protective atmosphere, and the concrete steps of carbonization treatment are: eggshell inner membrance is warming up to 800 DEG C of carbonization treatment 2 hours with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min in argon atmosphere; The eggshell inner membrance of carbonization is cleaned with the HCl of KOH and 2mol/L of 2mol/L respectively;
3) by step 2) the eggshell inner membrance heat-activated process in atmosphere of carbonization that obtains;
4) by step 3) eggshell inner membrance in the air that obtains after activation mixes with binding agent, being coated on electrode base sheet and being pressed into negative plate, the concrete steps of activation processing are in atmosphere: the eggshell inner membrance of carbonization is warming up to 300 DEG C of activation 2 hours with the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min in atmosphere;
5) by step 2) eggshell inner membrance heat-activated process in strong basicity environment of carbonization of obtaining;
6) in step 5) eggshell inner membrance in the strong basicity environment that obtains after activation grows MnO
2nano particle;
7) by step 6) growth that obtains has MnO
2the eggshell inner membrance of nano particle mixes with binding agent, to be coated on electrode base sheet and to be pressed into positive plate;
8) by Na
2sO
4neutral solution is as electrolyte, step 1) the undressed eggshell inner membrance that obtains is as barrier film, with step 4) negative plate and the step 7 that obtain) assemble asymmetrical ultracapacitor together with the positive plate that obtains, step 1) the undressed eggshell inner membrance (diameter is the disk of 1 centimetre) that obtains is as barrier film, with step 4) negative plate and the step 7 that obtain) assemble asymmetrical ultracapacitor according to the order of " negative plate → electrolyte Na2SO4 (15 microlitre) → undressed eggshell inner membrance → electrolyte Na2SO4 (15 microlitre) → positive plate " successively together with the positive plate that obtains.
2. the manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 1) in peel off and the concrete steps of cleaning are: use the HCl of 1mol/L to corrode the calcium carbonate removed outside eggshell, then by the eggshell inner membrance washed with de-ionized water of stripping.
3. the manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 5) in strong basicity environment the concrete steps of activation processing be: the eggshell inner membrance of carbonization mixes with mass ratio 1:4 with KOH in argon atmosphere, then with the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min be warming up to 700 DEG C activation 2 hours; Eggshell inner membrance washed with de-ionized water in strong basicity environment after activation.
4. the manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 6) in growth MnO
2the concrete steps of nano particle are: the eggshell inner membrance in strong basicity environment after activation is placed in the KMnO of 0.1mol/L
42 hours are grown at 60 DEG C in solution.
5. the manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 4) and step 7) in, binding agent is polytetrafluoroethylene, and electrode base sheet is nickel screen.
6. the manufacture method based on the high-energy-density of eggshell inner membrance and the Asymmetric Supercapacitor of high power density according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 8) in, Na
2sO
4the concentration of neutral solution is 1mol/L.
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CN103954669B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-08-10 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of enzyme electrode, enzyme biologic sensor and its preparation method and application |
CN104036678B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Cu2+ is oxidized device and the manufacture method thereof of I-class primary element |
CN105719851B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-03-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of MnO2The preparation method and product of/Ni composites |
CN106935415B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-09-06 | 王馨瑜 | The method for improving specific capacity of double-layer capacitor |
CN108660545A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-16 | 中山大学 | A kind of synthetic method of self-supporting carbon fiber network |
CN112019090B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-08-31 | 清华大学 | Decorative ring |
CN112019091B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-08-31 | 清华大学 | Device for generating electrical energy |
CN112019092B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-12-28 | 清华大学 | Method for generating electric energy |
CN111508731B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-09-03 | 天津科技大学 | Polyaniline composite conductive film based on egg inner membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
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