CN103256906A - Precise calculation method for electronic theodolite stumpage timber volume - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a precise calculation method for electronic theodolite stumpage timber volume, relates to a method of forest resource investigation, and belongs to a timber calculation method in which no tree is cut down and no tree trunk is damaged. The precise calculation method for the electronic theodolite stumpage timber volume is characterized by including the following steps: firstly measuring the ground diameter and the diameter, at the position as high as 1.3 meters, of a stumpage with a breast diameter ruler, secondly measuring the horizontal contained angle and zenith distance between the diameter at the position, as high as 1.3 meters, of the trunk and a tree top with an electronic theodolite, and lastly calculating the timber volume of the stumpage in a sectional quadrature method. The electronic theodolite has the advantages of being high in precision, flexible and low in cost, by means of the electronic theodolite stumpage timber volume precise calculation method, the advantages of the electronic theodolite are fully used, the cost of field investigation is reduced, and the efficiency of field operation and interior work processes in timber volume measurement is improved. Experiments prove that the precise calculation method for the electronic theodolite stumpage timber volume can replace a down timber sectional quadrature method completely.

Description

The accurate measuring method of a kind of electronic theodolite standing volume

One, technical field

The invention relates to the method for forest inventory investigation, particularly the method for precisely calculating about a kind of standing volume.

Two, technical background

Stem volume is one of important foundation information of forest survey, measures these data by classic method and can bring that measuring accuracy is not high, inconvenience such as restrictive condition is many, complex operation to us.China has several thousand forest farms at present, carries out two a classes investigation in per ten years, will cut down nearly 300,000 trees and revise Volume table again at every turn like this.Though this cuting down utilizes behind the standing tree sectional measurement formula to ask the method ratio of precision of calculating standing volume higher then, and be too big to the damage of China's Forest Resources, do not meet the aim that we preserve the ecological environment.

Along with the maturation of surveying and mapping technology with popularize, electronic theodolite is with its high precision, advantage is applied to all trades and professions gradually cheaply.The application of electronic theodolite in assize not only improved assize speed, precision and efficient.The more important thing is and to cut down forest and climb tree, do not have any infringement just can obtain factors of enumeration automatically, in real time to forest.This method produces under such background.

Three, summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is under the principle of not cuting down, do not destroy trees, accurately to obtain the factors of enumeration such as the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, upper diameter, any place height of tree bar and realize observation automation,, data acquisition and control automatization, data-storing communication robotization, single tree volume of timber calculation automation.

Main summary of the invention:

1. the method that a kind of horizontal sextant angle of need measuring the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, leading thread, the above any place trunk of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and zenith distance and treetop zenith distance just can the accurate Calculation standing volumes.

2. any place trunk diameter and the height of tree obtains.

3. the height of tree and volume of timber computation model are set up.

The present invention has the following advantages:

(1) improved the precision of related data greatly, the high precision instrument of surveying and mapping---electronic theodolite is as metadata acquisition tool because this research has been adopted, more traditional tree survey method precision has the raising of the order of magnitude, the data of Huo Deing must improve the precision of these data greatly as the factors of enumeration Data Source like this;

(2) significantly improve the work efficiency of forest inventory investigation, in traditional forest inventory investigation, enquiry data needs notes, and cooperates counter to calculate, and operation is loaded down with trivial details.This has researched and developed supporting assize software, can realize real-time collection, processing and the preservation of data, has improved the automaticity of field work greatly;

(3) realized noninvasive measurement to trees, classic method all takes to do the approach of analytic tree usually to bottom class's normal wood, and it is loaded down with trivial details to work, and forest is damaged.By electronic theodolite and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground chi, need not cut down forest and climb tree, there is not any infringement just can obtain factors of enumeration automatically, in real time to forest.This tries hard to recommend capable forest sustainable management policy and seems particularly important for current China is honest.

Four, description of drawings

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.

Fig. 1 is operating process synoptic diagram of the present invention.Fig. 2 is oblique distance measuring principle synoptic diagram of the present invention.Fig. 3 calculates principle schematic for stem volume segmentation of the present invention.

Five, embodiment

At first utilize diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground chi to measure standing tree leading thread and 1.3 meters diameters, next utilizes electronic theodolite to measure 1.3 meters diameters of trunk to horizontal sextant angle and the zenith distance of treetop, uses sectional measurement to calculate standing volume at last, and concrete steps are as follows:

(1) use diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground chi to measure leading thread d ₀, the height of tree 1.3 place's diameter d ₁₃

(2) settle electronic theodolite, from 1.3 meters of the height of trees to the treetop segmentation aiming trunk edge successively in order, obtain an electronic theodolite telescope sight line aiming standing tree left side along, right along the time horizontal sextant angle α ₁, α ₂, α ₃... α _nWith the aiming standing tree right side along the time zenith distance γ ₁, γ ₂, γ ₃... γ _n

(3) pass through 1. H=Ssin γ of digital-to-analogue ₁[(90 °-γ of tan _n)-tan (γ ₁-90 °)]+1.3 try to achieve height of tree H, wherein by digital-to-analogue 2.

Try to achieve centre to the oblique distance S of trunk, by 3. L=Ssin γ of digital-to-analogue ₁Try to achieve centre to trunk flat apart from L, by digital-to-analogue 4.

(n=1,2,3...n-1) try to achieve any place diameter d _n

(4) by digital-to-analogue 5.

$V=1.3\mathrm{\&pi;}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000876228500011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0^2+D_0{D}_{13}+D_{1.3}^2)/12+\mathrm{\&pi;}{h}_2(D_{1.3}^2+D_{13}{D}_2+D_2^2)/12+\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;+\mathrm{\&pi;}{h}_n\&CenterDot;D_{n-1}^2/12$ Try to achieve standing volume V.

Claims (1)

1. accurate measuring method of electronic theodolite standing volume, it is characterized in that: at first utilize diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground chi to measure standing tree leading thread and 1.3 meters diameters, next utilizes electronic theodolite to measure 1.3 meters diameters of trunk to horizontal sextant angle and the zenith distance of treetop, uses sectional measurement to calculate standing volume at last.Concrete steps are as follows:

(1) use diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground chi to measure leading thread d ₀, the height of tree 1.3 place's diameter d _1.3

(2) settle electronic theodolite, from 1.3 meters of the height of trees to the treetop segmentation aiming trunk edge successively in order, obtain an electronic theodolite telescope sight line aiming standing tree left side along, right along the time horizontal sextant angle α ₁, α ₂, α ₃... α _nWith the aiming standing tree right side along the time zenith distance γ ₁, γ ₂, γ ₃... γ _n

(3) pass through 1. H=Ssin γ of digital-to-analogue ₁[(90 °-γ of tan _n)-tan (γ ₁-90 °)]+1.3 try to achieve height of tree H, wherein by digital-to-analogue 2. Try to achieve centre to the oblique distance S of trunk, by 3. L=Ssin γ of digital-to-analogue ₁Try to achieve centre to trunk flat apart from L, by digital-to-analogue 4.

(n=1,2,3...n-1) try to achieve any place diameter d _n

(4) by digital-to-analogue 5.

$V=1.3\mathrm{\&pi;}(D_0^2+D_0{D}_{1.3}+D_{13}^2)/12+\mathrm{\&pi;}{h}_2(D_{1.3}^2+D_{13}{D}_2+D_2^2)/12+\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;+\mathrm{\&pi;}{h}_n\&CenterDot;D_{n-1}^2/12$ Try to achieve standing volume V.

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