CN103245299A - High-spatial-resolution optical fiber sensing system based on wavelength tunable laser - Google Patents
High-spatial-resolution optical fiber sensing system based on wavelength tunable laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN103245299A CN103245299A CN2013101766969A CN201310176696A CN103245299A CN 103245299 A CN103245299 A CN 103245299A CN 2013101766969 A CN2013101766969 A CN 2013101766969A CN 201310176696 A CN201310176696 A CN 201310176696A CN 103245299 A CN103245299 A CN 103245299A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-spatial-resolution optical fiber sensing system based on a wavelength tunable laser. The high-spatial-resolution optical fiber sensing system comprises the wavelength tunable laser, a piezoelectric ceramic, a sawtooth wave voltage drive, a first coupler, an optical fiber interferometer, a photoelectric detector, a polarization controller, a second coupler, a third coupler, a fourth coupler, an optical fiber sensor, another photoelectric detector, a data acquisition card, a signal analyzing and processing system and a computer display, wherein a control port of the wavelength tunable laser is connected to an output port of the piezoelectric ceramic; a control port of the piezoelectric ceramic is connected to an output port of the sawtooth wave voltage drive; an output port of the first photoelectric detector is connected to an acquisition port of the data acquisition card; the output of the data acquisition card accesses into the signal analyzing and processing system; and an output port of the signal analyzing and processing system is connected to the computer display. The high-spatial-resolution optical fiber sensing system has the characteristics that high spatial resolution is provided, distributed-strain and high-precision on-line monitoring is realized, good stability and repeatability are brought, and high sensitivity is taken.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high spatial resolution frequency domain reflection distributing optical fiber sensing technology based on tunable wave length single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, can realize strain monitoring and hi-Fix to structure.
Background technology
The structural safety assessment is to obtain and the analytical structure internal information by various method for sensing, and makes security judgement and early warning according to analysis result.The sensor that is used at present monitoring structural health conditions mainly comprises foil gauge, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG) sensor, the distributed fiberoptic sensor of Brillouin scattering (BOTDR, BOTDA) and traditional optical fiber frequency domain reflection technology OFDR etc.Experiment and engineering is actual shows, foil gauge and optical fiber FBG sensor carry out the Strain Distribution of discrete point on the space to be measured, and can't analyze structure collectivity.And the spatial resolution of BOTDR/BOTDA and traditional OFDA Fibre Optical Sensor can only reach tens centimetres at most, and the strain measurement precision is not high, can not realize accurate monitoring of structures Strain Distribution information and effectively assess health status.In many engineering structures, often requirement can when guaranteeing the strain measurement precision, can realize the distributed strain of high spatial resolution in very long measuring distance, to satisfy structural entity and local monitoring and evaluation simultaneously.This safety assessment to large scale structure is significant.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of high spatial resolution optical fiber sensing system based on Wavelength tunable laser, on several kilometers even longer sensor fibre, can realize the 2mm spatial resolution, and the precision of strain measurement simultaneously can reach 5 μ ε.The high precision that this high-performance optical fiber sensor system can be used for the structure distribution strain detects, and measuring distance is long, spatial resolution and strain sensing precision height.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of high spatial resolution optical fiber sensing system based on Wavelength tunable laser, comprise Wavelength tunable laser, piezoelectric ceramics, sawtooth voltage drives, first coupling mechanism, fibre optic interferometer, photodetector, Polarization Controller, second coupling mechanism, the 3rd coupling mechanism, the 4th coupling mechanism, Fibre Optical Sensor, photodetector, data collecting card, signal analysis and disposal system and computer show, wherein: the control port of Wavelength tunable laser connects the output port of piezoelectric ceramics, and the control port of piezoelectric ceramics connects the output port that sawtooth voltage drives; The output of Wavelength tunable laser connects the input port of first coupling mechanism, and one of them output port of first coupling mechanism connects the input of fibre optic interferometer, and the output of fibre optic interferometer connects the input port of photodetector; The photodetector output port connects the triggering collection port of data collecting card; The another one output port of first coupling mechanism connects the input of Polarization Controller, and the output of Polarization Controller connects the input of second coupling mechanism; Two output ports of second coupling mechanism connect an input port of the 3rd coupling mechanism and the 4th coupling mechanism respectively; The output of the 3rd coupling mechanism connects Fibre Optical Sensor, and second input port of the 3rd coupling mechanism is connected with second input port of the 4th coupling mechanism, and the output port of the 4th coupling mechanism connects the input port of photodetector; The output port of photodetector connects the collection port of data collecting card, and the output of data collecting card inserts signal analysis and disposal system, and the output port of signal analysis and disposal system is connected to computer and shows.
Described Wavelength tunable laser is the narrow band laser of single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser or based semiconductor technology or micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology.
When the tunable laser wavelength begins scanning with certain speed, each point all has the scattered light appearance in the optical fiber, the reference light that sends when laser instrument and the scattered light beat frequency of optical fiber, beat signal can appear, by high-speed inspection collection and analysis beat signal amplitude, frequency, phase place and correlativity, can realize the sensing of high spatial resolution.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has high spatial resolution, distributed strain high precision on-line monitoring, stability and good reproducibility, characteristics such as sensitivity height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of concrete structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
As shown in Figure 1, the used Wavelength tunable laser 1 of sensing system of the present invention is single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser, and this single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser is to carry out particular design to make at this sensor-based system.This single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser is by the phase mask method, utilize excimer laser, on the high concentration Er-doped fiber, write segment length's Fiber Bragg Grating FBG earlier, carrying out secondary for one section in the grating centre then writes, make it produce λ/4 phase shifts, thereby form er-doped λ/4 phase shift distributed feed-back DFB gratings.In conjunction with the 980nm pump light, form single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser at last.This laser linewidth only has the hundreds of hertz, has very long coherent length, therefore can satisfy the requirement of the high-resolution frequency domain reflection of long distance distributed optical fiber sensing system.By selecting the appropriate phase mask plate, make the initial wavelength of laser instrument about 1520nm.
Distributed feed-back DFB grating in the single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser partly is pasted on the piezoelectric ceramics 2, driving 3 by sawtooth voltage makes piezoelectric ceramics 2 generations flexible, form periodically strain, realize the multiple scanning of wavelength in certain wavelength coverage of optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser.Single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser sends and is divided into two-way after the time dependent narrow-linewidth laser of wavelength is gone into first coupling mechanism 4, one the tunnel enters fibre optic interferometer 5, when DFB optical maser wavelength changes, interferometer is exported a series of interference peaks, interference of light peak is converted into pulse voltage after photodetector 6 is surveyed, the output of photodetector 6 connects the triggering port of data collecting card 13, realizes the passive triggering collection of data acquisition system (DAS).After another road laser is eliminated polarization noise through Polarization Controller 7, be divided into two-way again after entering second coupling mechanism 8, wherein one the tunnel enter sensor fibre 11 as sense light through the 3rd coupling mechanism 9, another road light then enters the 4th coupling mechanism 10 as reference light, interferes with the rear orientation light of sensor fibre.Interference light is gathered by data collecting card 13 after photodetector 12 detects, and utilizes signal analysis and disposal system 14 to carry out signal resolution at last and also finally shows 15 by computer.The single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser also tunable wave length narrow band laser of available based semiconductor technology or MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) technology replaces.
The two-way light that tunable wave length single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser sends causes the reflected light light path of reference light and sensor fibre different owing to enter sensor fibre 11 and the 4th coupling mechanism 10 respectively, therefore interferes at the 4th coupling mechanism 10 places.Because laser wavelength is tunable, causes interference fringe to change, by paying sharp leaf spectrum analysis and digital signal processing, can obtain the frequency domain characteristic of interference fringe.When extraneous strain changes, the frequency domain characteristic of interference fringe also can respective change, and spatial resolution is also contained in the frequency domain information of interference fringe.Because the light source that dry systems adopts is single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser, its spatial coherence is very high, therefore by signal analysis and disposal system 14, just can realize the optical fiber frequency domain sensing technology of high strain measurement precision and high spatial resolution thereof.
Claims (2)
1. high spatial resolution optical fiber sensing system based on Wavelength tunable laser, it is characterized in that: comprise Wavelength tunable laser (1), piezoelectric ceramics (2), sawtooth voltage drives (3), first coupling mechanism (4), fibre optic interferometer (5), photodetector (6), Polarization Controller (7), second coupling mechanism (8), the 3rd coupling mechanism (9), the 4th coupling mechanism (10), Fibre Optical Sensor (11), photodetector (12), data collecting card (13), signal analysis and disposal system (14) and computer show (15), wherein: the control port of single Wavelength tunable laser (1) connects the output port of piezoelectric ceramics (2), and the control port of piezoelectric ceramics (2) connects the output port that sawtooth voltage drives (3); The output of Wavelength tunable laser (1) connects the input port of first coupling mechanism (4), one of them output port of first coupling mechanism (4) connects the input of fibre optic interferometer (5), and the output of fibre optic interferometer (5) connects the input port of photodetector (6); Photodetector (6) output port connects the triggering collection port of data collecting card (13); The another one output port of first coupling mechanism (4) connects the input of Polarization Controller (7), and the output of Polarization Controller (7) connects the input of second coupling mechanism (8); Two output ports of second coupling mechanism (8) connect an input port of the 3rd coupling mechanism (9) and the 4th coupling mechanism (10) respectively; The 3rd coupling mechanism (9) output connects Fibre Optical Sensor (11), second input port of the 3rd coupling mechanism (9) is connected with second input port of the 4th coupling mechanism (10), and the output port of the 4th coupling mechanism (10) connects the input port of photodetector (12); The output port of photodetector (12) connects the collection port of data collecting card (13), the output of data collecting card (13) inserts signal analysis and disposal system (14), and the output port of signal analysis and disposal system (14) is connected to computer and shows (15).
2. the high spatial resolution optical fiber sensing system based on Wavelength tunable laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Wavelength tunable laser is the narrow band laser of single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth optical fiber Distributed Feedback Laser or based semiconductor technology or micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology.
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| CN107132201A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-09-05 | 广西师范大学 | The long-range pH value monitoring device of laser type |
| CN114777899A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 孙安 | Monitoring system and method based on distributed sensor |
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| JP2003156315A (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for measurement of distribution of strain and temperature |
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| CN102175170A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-09-07 | 东南大学 | Detecting method and sensor for cracks of civil structure based on optical fiber long chirped grating frequency domain reflection technology |
| CN202204524U (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-04-25 | 杭州布里特威光电技术有限公司 | Distributed type optical fiber sensing device capable of simultaneously detecting Brillouin and Raman |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| JP2003156315A (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for measurement of distribution of strain and temperature |
| US7333680B2 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2008-02-19 | Fiberpro, Inc. | Fiber Bragg grating sensor system |
| CN102175170A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-09-07 | 东南大学 | Detecting method and sensor for cracks of civil structure based on optical fiber long chirped grating frequency domain reflection technology |
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| CN107132201A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-09-05 | 广西师范大学 | The long-range pH value monitoring device of laser type |
| CN114777899A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 孙安 | Monitoring system and method based on distributed sensor |
| CN114777899B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2024-04-26 | 孙安 | Monitoring system and method based on distributed sensor |
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