CN203605976U - Distributed type optical fiber temperature and stress sensing device - Google Patents
Distributed type optical fiber temperature and stress sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203605976U CN203605976U CN201320798844.6U CN201320798844U CN203605976U CN 203605976 U CN203605976 U CN 203605976U CN 201320798844 U CN201320798844 U CN 201320798844U CN 203605976 U CN203605976 U CN 203605976U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a distributed type optical fiber temperature and stress sensing device, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing. The device comprises a pulse laser device, etc. The pulse laser device is respectively connected with an optical switch and a relay. A semiconductor laser device is connected with an optical isolator A and an optical coupler in turn, and then the optical coupler is connected with an acousto-optic modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a scrambler. The scrambler is connected with the optical switch which is connected with a circulator A. The other output of the optical coupler is connected with a polarization controller, an electro-optics modulator and an optical isolator B in turn, and then is connected with the circulator A via a sensing optical fiber. A signal generator is respectively connected with the acousto-optic modulator, the optical switch, a data acquisition card, a microwave source and the relay. The microwave source is connected with the electro-optics modulator. The circulator A is connected with a circulator B which is connected with an optical fiber Bragg grating, a Raman filter and a photoelectric detector A in turn. The photoelectric detector A is connected with the data acquisition card. The circulator B is connected with a photoelectric detector B and the data acquisition card in turn. Long-distance and distributed type measurement of temperature and strain can be realized simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the device of a kind of distributed temperature and stress sensing, belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing.
Background technology
For a long time, both at home and abroad at engineering field, large-scale civil construction, bridge, tunnel and power cable mainly use electricity foil gauge and thermistor as strain and temperature sensor, each sensor all needs electric wire, forms large-scale Sampling network, and structure is very complicated, this class sensor itself is charged, be very unsafe in essence, be subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI), easily corrosion, can not locate, affected by environment larger, be not suitable for rugged surroundings, be not more suitable for the scene of geologic hazard and fire.
Optical fiber itself is not charged, anti-electromagnetism, radiation hardness, high voltage withstanding, do not produce electric spark and the feature such as insulativity is good, make optical fiber sensing system become the main flow of sensor-based system, and progressively replace traditional sensing system.Physical quantity on optical fiber such as: when pressure, temperature, electric field, magnetic field etc. change, can cause that the physical characteristics of optical fiber changes, thereby make the light wave conducting in optical fiber produce various optical effects, as: scattering, intensity change etc.By the variation of light wave in detection fiber, realize the detection to physical quantitys such as temperature, pressure, deformation.The development of the detection of the fast development of optoelectronic device, particularly semiconductor laser, wavelength-division multiplex and optical coupling technology, photosignal in recent years and processing etc. technology, making optical fiber be used for doing distributed sensor system becomes reality.
In distributed fiberoptic sensor field, there is distributed fiber Raman scattered photon temperature sensor both at home and abroad, there is distributed Brillouin scattering photon sensor abroad.Existing distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment is made up of laser driver, laser instrument, coupling mechanism, light filter, detector, signal amplifier, data collecting card, computing machine.Its principle of work is: laser instrument is continuously to Emission Lasers in detecting optical cable, when transmitting in optical cable, laser can there is backscattering, the Raman spectrum obtaining is coupled device and light filter is separated, amplify the laggard row data acquisition of processing through opto-electronic conversion and signal again, and then the data that collect are sent to computing machine and carry out data processing, finally draw required data.
The total hope of people can be measured multiple parameters simultaneously in actual applications, and temperature and strain are two parameters important in practical application.When realizing temperature and strain, measure, extremely important to practical application, the particularly prediction to large scale civil engineering, tunnel and geologic hazard and monitoring.Though fully distributed fiber Brillouin Time Domain Analyzer can be measured temperature and strain, has cross effect, affects testing result simultaneously.Newson team of Southampton, Britain university utilizes the spontaneous anti-Stokes Raman scattering thermometric dorsad of optical fiber and carrys out monitor strain by spontaneous optical fiber Brillouin scattering effect and (see M.N.Allahbabi with laser of narrowband light source, Y.T.Cho and T.P.Newson, Simulataneous Distributed Measurements of Temperature and Strain using Spontaneous Raman and BrillouinScattering, Optics Letters, 2005, 1 June, p.1276-1278), but because the band Wide of optical fiber Brillouin scattering is very narrow, therefore, the precision of measuring temperature and strain is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is defect and the deficiency for existing fiber distributed temperature stress sensing system, proposed in conjunction with Raman system and Brillouin's system, thereby and the temperature information demodulation Brillouin's who obtains by Raman system frequency displacement obtain a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature and the stress sensing device of temperature strain information simultaneously.
In order to realize above-mentioned utility model object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
A kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature and stress sensing device, comprise pulsed laser, semiconductor laser, optoisolator A, B, photo-coupler, acousto-optic modulator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier, scrambler, photoswitch, Polarization Controller, signal generator, relay, electrooptic modulator, microwave source, data collecting card, photodetector A, B, Raman wave filter, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, circulator A, B, sensor fibre, it is characterized in that the output terminal of pulsed laser and an input end of photoswitch are connected, another synchronizing pulse output terminal of pulsed laser is connected with relay input end, the output terminal of semiconductor laser is connected with the input end of optoisolator A, the output terminal of optoisolator A is connected with the input end of photo-coupler, an output terminal of photo-coupler is connected with acousto-optic modulator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier, scrambler successively, the output terminal of scrambler is connected with another input end of photoswitch, and the output terminal of photoswitch is connected with 1 port of circulator A, another output terminal of photo-coupler is connected with Polarization Controller, electrooptic modulator, optoisolator B successively, and optoisolator B output terminal is connected by 2 ports of sensor fibre and circulator A, output port A, the B of signal generator, C, D, E are connected respectively to acousto-optic modulator, photoswitch, data collecting card, microwave source and relay, the output terminal of microwave source is connected with electrooptic modulator, and it is played to driving effect, 3 ports of circulator A are connected with 1 port of circulator B, and 2 ports of circulator B are connected with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, Raman wave filter and photodetector A successively, and the output terminal of photodetector A is connected with data collecting card, 3 ports of circulator B are connected with data collecting card with photodetector B successively.
The narrow linewidth laser that described semiconductor laser is, live width is 1.9MHz, wavelength 1550nm, output continuous light power is 30mW.
Described pulsed laser is fiber laser, and pulsewidth is 10ns, and wavelength is 1550nm, and output pulsed light peak power is 30w.
Described optoisolator is the single-mode optics isolator of 1550nm wave band, and isolation is 30dB.
Described photo-coupler is the single-mode optics coupling mechanism of the 1*2 of 1:1.
Described acousto-optic modulator is the acousto-optic modulator of 1550nm, and it is 10ns that Jiang Yi road continuous light is modulated to pulsewidth, the pulsed light that repetition frequency is 1KHz.
More than the pulsed light peak value after modulation is adjusted to Brillouin threshold by described Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA).
Described scrambler is PCD-003 scrambler.
Described Polarization Controller is tricyclic Polarization Controller.
Described electrooptic modulator and microwave source model are respectively KG-AM series 10G electrooptic modulator, HWS10120 type microwave frescan, can modulate another road continuous light and produce the shift frequency of 10.65GHz left and right.
Described Raman wave filter leaches anti-Stokes light.
Described sensor fibre is 100Km single-mode fiber, and outside is polycarbonate cannula.
Described photodetector A is APD avalanche diode; Described photodetector B is PR-200M3035 type photodetector.
Described data collecting card is 150M two pass data collecting card.
Principle of work of the present utility model is as follows:
Native system realizes respectively Raman detection by the break-make of photoswitch and Brillouin detects.Signal generator control acousto-optic modulator in this system, photoswitch, the outer triggering signal that Brillouin gathers, the outer triggering signal that Raman gathers and the frequency sweep control signal of microwave source.In the time of photoswitch and pulsed laser conducting, now acousto-optic modulator, the outer triggering signal that Brillouin gathers and the frequency sweep control signal of microwave source are all interrupted.What system realized is Raman temperature-measurement principle, relay conducting simultaneously, the synchronization pulse triggering collection card of pulsed laser, Real-time Collection.Incide in sensor fibre when pulse, produce Raman scattering dorsad.Raman scattering signal is through the port 2 of circulator A dorsad, export from port 3, then enter into 1 port of circulator B, 2 ports through circulator B enter into Bragg grating, Reyleith scanttering light is through Bragg grating reflection, reflected light enters into photodetector 2 by the port 3 of circulator B, transfers the collected card collection of electric signal to.Through the light of Bragg grating transmission, leach anti-Stokes light through Raman wave filter, transfer electric signal to, collected card collection through photodetector 1.According to Raman temperature-measurement principle, obtain the temperature of optical fiber.In the time of photoswitch and scrambler conducting, now signal generator produces acousto-optic modulator trigger pip, the outer triggering signal that Brillouin gathers and the frequency sweep control signal of microwave source, and relay interrupts.Now system realizes Brillouin's detection.Sent by semiconductor laser continuous light incide optoisolator 1, be divided into two-way light through 3dB photo-coupler, one road light is modulated to pulsed light through acousto-optic modulator, the repetition frequency of pulsed light and dutycycle are by the signal generator control that drives acousto-optic modulator, then, the peak power of pulsed light is amplified by Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), then after scrambler, incides one end of sensor fibre as pump light, another Lu Guangxian is fixing polarization direction by Polarization Controller control, the electrooptic modulator driving by microwave frescan is again modulated to frequency shift amount and is equaled the light modulated of microwave frescan frequency, utilized bandwidth is less than the upper side band of the optical filter filtering light modulated of 0.1nm, after optoisolator 2, incide again the other end of sensor fibre as flashlight, microwave frescan carries out frequency sweep in the frequency range of 10.6GHz-10.7GHz, flashlight and pump light meet and produce Brillouin scattering dorsad in each position of optical fiber, when two-way light frequency is poor while equaling Brillouin shift amount, signal light intensity maximum, by circulator and Bragg grating filtering ASE noise, transfer electric signal to through photodetector again, by data collecting card collection signal.The temperature information of obtaining by Brillouin shift and Raman, draws the strain information of optical fiber.Realize like this collection period of temperature and strain.
In the utility model, spontaneous Raman temperature detection principle is as follows:
Because Raman scattering power is only to responsive to temperature, counter stress does not respond.Therefore,, when direct detection, first utilize the power ratio variation with temperature of the relative Reyleith scanttering light of Raman anti-Stokes light to carry out detected temperatures.The strength ratio R (T) of anti-Stokes Raman diffused light and Rayleigh Raman diffused light
R(T)＝K
a/K
R.(ν
a/ν
0)
4exp[-(α
a-α
0)L]R
a(T) (1)
R
a(T)＝[exp(hΔν/kT)-1]
-1 (2)
Wherein K
a, K
rbe respectively the coefficient relevant with Rayleigh scattering interface with optical fiber anti-Stokes, ν
a, ν
0respectively the frequency of anti-Stokes Raman scattering photon and Rayleigh scattering photon, α
0, α
abe respectively Reyleith scanttering light and the loss of anti Stokes scattering light in optical fiber, h is Planck constant, and Δ ν is the Phonon frequency of optical fiber molecule, is 13.2Hz, and k is Boltzmann constant, and T is Kai Erwen absolute temperature, and L is fiber lengths, R
a(T) be the Boltzmann factor of anti-Stokes light, relevant with the layout number of molecular entergy level.By (1) formula, the temperature information of each position of optical fiber just can be obtained.
In the utility model, the measuring principle of stress is as follows:
Microwave frescan carries out frequency sweep in the frequency range of 10.6GHz-10.7GHz, flashlight and pump light meet and produce Brillouin scattering dorsad in each position of optical fiber, when two-way light frequency is poor while equaling Brillouin shift amount, the signal light intensity maximum collecting, the maximum corresponding microwave frequency of intensity is Brillouin shift, draws Brillouin's frequency displacement by this principle.According to Brillouin shift, be calculated as follows corresponding point temperature and strain information.
ΔV
B=C
VεΔε+C
VTΔT(1) (3)
Wherein, Δ V
bfor the change amount of Brillouin shift, the variable quantity that Δ T is temperature, Δ ε is strain variation amount, C
vTfor temperature coefficient; C
v εfor the coefficient of strain.
In the utility model, the testing procedure of temperature and stress is as follows:
1), put up optical fiber distributed temperature and stress sensing system.
2), signal generator control photoswitch make pulse laser instrument and circulator A, the cycle is t
1, pilot relay make pulse laser instrument and data collecting card, Raman thermometric light path is connected, and records temperature T
1.
3), signal generator control photoswitch is connected semiconductor laser and circulator A, and the cycle is t
2, pilot relay turn-off pulse laser instrument is connected with data collecting card, and Brillouin's light path is connected, in temperature T
1under record Brillouin shift v
1.
4), repeating step 2 signal generator Connection Steps, record temperature T
2.
5), repeating step 3 signal generator steps, record Brillouin shift v
2.
6), the variation delta ν=v of Brillouin shift
2-v
1, the variation delta T=T of temperature
2-T
1, according to formula (3), the variation delta ε of strain can obtain.
The utility model has following advantage: this device is take spontaneous Raman scattering and stimulated Brillouin scattering as its theoretical foundation, utilize the spontaneous anti-Stokes of optical fiber and the fine temperature of recently photometry of Reyleith scanttering light intensity dorsad, and with obtain temperature information and the frequency displacement of optical fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering light demodulate the suffered strain of optical fiber, when can realizing temperature and strain measure.The utility model can be realized long distance, distributed measurement temperature and strain, pratical and feasible, lays flexibly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model device.
Wherein: 1, pulsed laser, 2, semiconductor laser, 3, optoisolator A, 4, photo-coupler, 5, acousto-optic modulator, 6, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier, 7, scrambler, 8, photoswitch, 9, Polarization Controller, 10, signal generator, 11, relay, 12, electrooptic modulator, 13, microwave source, 14, data collecting card, 15, photodetector A, 16, Raman wave filter, 17, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, 18, photodetector B, 19, circulator A, 20, circulator B, 21, sensor fibre, 22, optoisolator B.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail, but be not limited to this.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature and stress sensing device, comprise pulsed laser 1, semiconductor laser 2, optoisolator A3, photo-coupler 4, acousto-optic modulator 5, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier 6, scrambler 7, photoswitch 8, Polarization Controller 9, signal generator 10, relay 11, electrooptic modulator 12, microwave source 13, data collecting card 14, photodetector A15, B18, Raman wave filter 16, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 17, circulator A19, B20, sensor fibre 21, optoisolator B22, it is characterized in that the output terminal of pulsed laser 1 and an input end of photoswitch 8 are connected, another synchronizing pulse output terminal of pulsed laser 1 is connected with relay 11 input ends, the output terminal of semiconductor laser 2 is connected with the input end of optoisolator A3, the output terminal of optoisolator A3 is connected with the input end of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 4, an output terminal of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 4 is connected with acousto-optic modulator 5, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier 6, scrambler 7 successively, the output terminal of scrambler 7 is connected with another input end of photoswitch 8, and the output terminal of photoswitch 8 is connected with 1 port of circulator A19, another output terminal of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 4 is connected with Polarization Controller 9, electrooptic modulator 12, optoisolator B22 successively, and optoisolator B22 output terminal is connected by 2 ports of sensor fibre 21 and circulator A19, output port A, the B of signal generator 10, C, D, E are connected respectively to acousto-optic modulator 5, photoswitch 8, data collecting card 14, microwave source 13 and relay 11, the output terminal of microwave source 13 is connected with electrooptic modulator 12, and it is played to driving effect, 3 ports of circulator A19 are connected with 1 port of circulator B20, and 2 ports of circulator B20 are connected with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 17, Raman wave filter 16 and photodetector A15 successively, and the output terminal of photodetector A15 is connected with data collecting card 14, 3 ports of circulator B20 are connected with data collecting card 14 with photodetector B18 successively.
Described pulsed laser 1 is fiber laser, and arteries and veins is 10ns, and wavelength is 1550nm, and output pulsed light peak power is 30w.
The narrow linewidth laser that described semiconductor laser 2 is, live width is 1.9MHz, wavelength 1550nm, output continuous light power is 30mW.
Described optoisolator A3, B22 is the single-mode optics isolator of 1550nm wave band, and isolation is 30dB.
Described photo-coupler is the single-mode optics coupling mechanism of the 1*2 of 1:1.
The acousto-optic modulator that described acousto-optic modulator 5 is 1550nm, it is 10ns that Jiang Yi road continuous light is modulated to pulsewidth, the pulsed light that repetition frequency is 1KHz.
More than the pulsed light peak value after modulation is adjusted to Brillouin threshold by described Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 6.
Described scrambler 7 is PCD-003 scrambler.
Described Polarization Controller 9 is tricyclic Polarization Controller.
Described electrooptic modulator 12 and microwave source model are respectively KG-AM series 10G electrooptic modulator, HWS10120 type microwave frescan, can modulate another road continuous light and produce the shift frequency of 10.65GHz left and right.
Described Raman wave filter leaches anti-Stokes light.
Described sensor fibre is 100Km single-mode fiber, and outside is polycarbonate cannula.
Described photodetector A is APD avalanche diode; Described photodetector B is PR-200M3035 type photodetector.
Described data collecting card is 150M two pass data collecting card.
Claims (10)
1. a distribution type fiber-optic temperature and stress sensing device, comprise pulsed laser, semiconductor laser, optoisolator A, B, photo-coupler, acousto-optic modulator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier, scrambler, photoswitch, Polarization Controller, signal generator, relay, electrooptic modulator, microwave source, data collecting card, photodetector A, B, Raman wave filter, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, circulator A, B, sensor fibre, it is characterized in that the output terminal of pulsed laser and an input end of photoswitch are connected, another synchronizing pulse output terminal of pulsed laser is connected with relay input end, the output terminal of semiconductor laser is connected with the input end of optoisolator A, the output terminal of optoisolator A is connected with the input end of photo-coupler, an output terminal of photo-coupler is connected with acousto-optic modulator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier, scrambler successively, the output terminal of scrambler is connected with another input end of photoswitch, and the output terminal of photoswitch is connected with 1 port of circulator A, another output terminal of photo-coupler is connected with Polarization Controller, electrooptic modulator, optoisolator B successively, and optoisolator B output terminal is connected by 2 ports of sensor fibre and circulator A, output port A, the B of signal generator, C, D, E are connected respectively to acousto-optic modulator, photoswitch, data collecting card, microwave source and relay, the output terminal of microwave source is connected with electrooptic modulator, and it is played to driving effect, 3 ports of circulator A are connected with 1 port of circulator B, and 2 ports of circulator B are connected with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, Raman wave filter and photodetector A successively, and the output terminal of photodetector A is connected with data collecting card, 3 ports of circulator B are connected with data collecting card with photodetector B successively.
2. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that described semiconductor laser is narrow linewidth laser, and live width is 1.9MHz, wavelength 1550nm, and output continuous light power is 30mW.
3. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that described pulsed laser is fiber laser, pulsewidth 10ns, and wavelength is 1550nm, output pulsed light peak power is 30W.
4. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that described optoisolator A, B are the single-mode optics isolator of 1550nm wave band, and isolation is 30dB.
5. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, the monomode coupler of the 1*2 that the photo-coupler described in it is characterized in that is 1:1.
6. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that the acousto-optic modulator that described acousto-optic modulator is 1550nm, and it is the pulsed light that 10ns, repetition frequency are 1KHz that Jiang Yi road continuous light is modulated to pulsewidth.
7. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that described scrambler is PCD-003 scrambler.
8. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that described Polarization Controller is tricyclic Polarization Controller.
9. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that described photodetector A is APD avalanche diode; Described photodetector B is PR-200M3035 type photodetector.
10. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic temperature as claimed in claim 1 and stress sensing device, is characterized in that described data collecting card is 150M two pass data collecting card.
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| CN103616091A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-05 | 山东大学 | Distributed optical fiber temperature and stress sensing device |
| CN106706040A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-24 | 中国计量大学 | Brillouin-Raman fused mine supporting wall temperature and strain detection method and device |
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| CN103616091A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-05 | 山东大学 | Distributed optical fiber temperature and stress sensing device |
| CN103616091B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-08-19 | 山东大学 | A kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and stress sensing device |
| CN106706040A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-24 | 中国计量大学 | Brillouin-Raman fused mine supporting wall temperature and strain detection method and device |
| CN108646300A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-10-12 | 华中科技大学 | Fibre-optic current shielding tunnel forward probe device based on amplitude-modulated wave and detection method |
| CN108710152A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-10-26 | 华中科技大学 | Tunnel forward probe system based on binary channels amplitude-modulated wave and detection method |
| CN108646300B (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Fibre-optic current shielding tunnel forward probe device and detection method based on amplitude-modulated wave |
| CN110307920A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-10-08 | 太原理工大学 | Based on noise-modulated fiber optic temperature, stress sensing system and measurement method |
| CN110243303A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-17 | 蚌埠市圆周率电子科技有限公司 | A kind of bridge strain monitoring sensing device based on Fibre Optical Sensor |
| CN110530551A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-03 | 西南交通大学 | The temperature extraction method of BOTDA based on Support Vector Machines Optimized |
| CN110530551B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-07-23 | 西南交通大学 | BOTDA temperature extraction method based on optimized support vector machine |
| CN113701653A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 浙江中能工程检测有限公司 | Nano-particle-doped PDMS flexible sensor for bridge large strain measurement |
| CN111896894A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-06 | 太原理工大学 | Embedded optical fiber detection device of transformer winding |
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