CN103241839B - Treatment method of treating cadmium contaminated water - Google Patents
Treatment method of treating cadmium contaminated water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103241839B CN103241839B CN201310200543.3A CN201310200543A CN103241839B CN 103241839 B CN103241839 B CN 103241839B CN 201310200543 A CN201310200543 A CN 201310200543A CN 103241839 B CN103241839 B CN 103241839B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment method of treating cadmium contaminated water, and relates to a treatment method of contaminated water. The treatment method comprises the following steps of: planting one or two of a cadmium hyperaccumulator plant, namely nightshade, and leaf beta vulgarisvar.cicla into water to be treated; activating and absorbing cadmium contained in the contaminated water; continuously extracting the cadmium contained in the contaminated water by continuously and regularly collecting and replacing the plants till the cadmium content of the water achieves a safety standard; and culturing nightshade and leaf beta vulgarisvar.cicla plants: yielding the nightshade and leaf beta vulgarisvar.cicla plants through seed germination and greenhouse culture. One or two of the nightshade and the leaf beta vulgarisvar.cicla is or are planted in the water to be treated, and a planting method comprises the following steps of: planting the plants into a floating bed, wherein roots directly contact with the contaminated water through small holes drilled on the floating bed; and continuously and regularly collecting and replacing the plants, and collecting and replacing the plants for one time every 15-20 days till the cadmium content of a water body achieves the safety standard. According to the invention, the two plants have the advantages of hyperaccumulation capacity on the cadmium, root system upgrowth, vigorous growth, easiness for propagation and higher biomass, so that the cadmium contaminated water body is efficiently restored.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement method of polluted water, particularly relate to a kind of improvement method of cadmium pollution water.
Background technology
Cadmium has " three cause " effect, is listed in one of " five kinds of the most dangerous environmental pollutant ".Cadmium can produce irreversible toxic action after entering human body: the one, and when kidney tries hard to discharge cadmium, cadmium can constantly increase the weight of the infringement of renal function; The 2nd, cadmium enters cell inside irreversible and replaces calcium with turning, causes calcium loss, occurs Whole Body Bone Scanning headache, osteomalacia and fracture.In addition, also there is to harm the aspects such as reproduction, tumour, cardiovascular, internal secretion." itai-itai " that the thirties in 20th century, Toyama County, Japan occurred, because the Whole Body Bone Scanning that cadmium pollution causes is softening, bone pain, brings great misery to local resident exactly, and the impact of entire society has been exceeded to 100 years.
In recent years, along with the continuous quickening of China's industrialization and urbanization process, enter river, lake containing the waste water of heavy metal contaminants in a large number, cause water body environment pollution problem increasingly serious.Now there is repeatedly water Cd pollution event in China, as Guangdong large Golconda copper mine downstream cadmium pollution in 2004, northern river cadmium pollution in 2005, Xiang River cadmium pollution in 2006 and Guangxi in 2012 river, Longjiang cadmium pollution event, cause public's safe drinking water to be subject to serious threat, the common people are once occurring and robbing water disturbance.Therefore the improvement technology of cadmium pollution water body has now become the study hotspot of China's environmental science, and has caused the great attention of government, academia and business circles.
At present mainly contain the technology such as coagulation, absorption, ion reduction, ion-exchange, Electroremediation for the improvement method of cadmium pollution water body, these thing chemical processes respectively have relative merits, but all have the problem that easily causes secondary pollution.The biotechnology that development in recent years forms and utilize plant to repair with the plant extract recovery technique purifying to polluted water body, this technology can be directly by plant growing in water, polluted water body is carried out to repairing and treating, is a kind of environmentally friendly improvement technology of non-secondary pollution.Study at present and apply more plant and be mainly the waterplant such as algae, Herba Eichhorniae, duckweed, reed, but some biomass of these plants is less, some is poor to the receptivity of heavy metal cadmium, thereby be difficult to obtain satisfied repairing effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improvement method of cadmium pollution water, the method utilizes plant black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish to administer cadmium pollution water, two kind of plant have super accumulation ability to cadmium, and well developed root system, grow vigorous, be easy to breeding, biomass is larger, can efficient restoring cadmium polluted water body.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of improvement method of cadmium pollution water, the method is utilized one or both in Cd-hyperaccumulator black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish, plant in water to be administered, activate and absorb the cadmium in polluted water, by regularly gathering continuously and changing plant, extract continuously the cadmium in polluted water, until cadmium content reaches safety standards in water, the method comprises following process:
(1) cultivate black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant: obtain black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant by seed germination, greenhouse cultivation;
(2) one or both in water planting black nightshade to be administered and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish; Method for planting is: plant is implanted to floating bed, and root directly contacts with polluted water by the aperture drilling in floating bed;
(3) regularly gather continuously and change plant, the plant 1 time of gathering and change for 15～20 days, until water body cadmium content reaches safety standards;
(4) plant of gathering is unified process, in the security landfill of garbage loading embeading district or carry out innoxious burning.
The improvement method of described a kind of cadmium pollution water, the actual conditions of described cultivation black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant is: taking the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=1:1 as matrix, according to the ratio of 1:1, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite are mixed, admixing derosal carries out disinfection, by leaf Yong Hong Chard dish and black nightshade seed 70% alcohol immersion, tap water rinses, and is then sown in matrix, water spray, water content of substrate is controlled at 85%～90%; After 2 weeks, water 1/4 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate remains on 65%～80%; After 3 weeks, water content of substrate is controlled at 60%, prevents seedling excessive growth; After 4 weeks, water 1/2 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate is controlled at 60%, grows and can use after 10～12 weeks.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
Two kind of plant that the present invention uses have super accumulation ability to cadmium, and well developed root system, grow vigorous, be easy to breeding, biomass is larger.The inventive method is used for administering cadmium pollution water, has advantages of that cost is low, environmental friendliness, non-secondary pollution, is easy to apply, and contributes to improve water surrounding, has considerable potential economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
(1) cultivate black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant.Obtain black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant by seed germination, greenhouse cultivation.Actual conditions is: taking the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=1:1 as matrix, according to the ratio of 1:1, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite are mixed, admix derosal and carry out disinfection.By 70% alcohol immersion 10 minutes for leaf Yong Hong Chard dish and black nightshade seed, tap water rinses three times, be then sown in matrix, and water spray, water content of substrate is controlled at 85%～90%, is beneficial to seed and sprouts as early as possible; After 2 weeks, water 1/4 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate remains on 65%～80%; After 3 weeks, water content of substrate is controlled at 60% left and right, prevents seedling excessive growth; After 4 weeks, water 1/2 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate is controlled at 60% left and right, grows and can use after 10～12 weeks.
(2) one or both in water planting black nightshade to be administered and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish.Method for planting is: plant is implanted to floating bed, and root directly contacts with polluted water by the aperture drilling in floating bed.
(3) regularly gather continuously and change plant, the plant 1 time of gathering and change for 15～20 days, until water body cadmium content reaches safety standards.
(4) plant of gathering unifies to process, in the security landfill of garbage loading embeading district or carry out innoxious burning.
The present invention utilize Cd-hyperaccumulator black nightshade (
solanum nigrumL) and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish (
beta vulgaris L. var. cicla L.) in one or both, plant in water to be administered, activate and absorb the cadmium in polluted water, by regularly gathering continuously and changing plant, extract continuously the cadmium in polluted water, until cadmium content reaches safety standards in water.
Super enriching plant black nightshade ground self-sow more than China that the present invention is used, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang Province distribute more.Black nightshade is annual upright draft, and high 0.25～1 meter, plant-growth is strong, and biomass is large, and cultivation condition is less demanding, and strong adaptability is comparatively ideal phytoremediation germ plasm resource.
The mutation that the present invention's super enriching plant leaf used is Li Ke Chard colza with red Chard dish, for annual herb plant, cultivation adaptability is strong, spring, summer, Qiu Junke sowing, plant-growth is strong, 40 centimetres of left and right of plant height, per mu yield can reach more than 2500 kilograms, is conducive to make up the shortcomings such as existing rehabilitation plant growth cycle length and biomass are less.Leaf Yong Hong Chard dish is as ornamental type flower plant, and its agronomic measures and pest control method etc. are more complete, it is applied to rapidly to contaminated soil reparation and has important practice significance.
Embodiment 1:
(1) cultivate leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant.Obtain leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant by seed germination, greenhouse cultivation.Actual conditions is: taking the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=1:1 as matrix, according to the ratio of 1:1, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite are mixed, admix derosal and carry out disinfection.By 70% alcohol immersion 10 minutes for leaf Yong Hong Chard colza son, tap water rinses three times, is then sown in matrix, sprays water, and before emerging, water content of substrate is controlled at 85%～90%, is beneficial to seed and sprouts as early as possible; After 2 weeks, water 1/4 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate remains on 65%～80%; After 3 weeks, water content of substrate is controlled at 60% left and right, prevents seedling excessive growth; After 4 weeks, water 1/2 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate is controlled at 60% left and right, after growing 10 weeks, uses.At water planting leaf Yong Hong Chard dish to be administered.
(2) at water planting leaf Yong Hong Chard dish to be administered.Method for planting is: plant is implanted to floating bed, and root directly contacts with polluted water by the aperture drilling in floating bed.
(3) regularly gather continuously and change plant, the plant 1 time of gathering and change for 15 days, until water body cadmium content reaches safety standards.
(4) plant of gathering unifies to process, in the security landfill of garbage loading embeading district.
It is 1.12 milligrams per liter for examination Cadmium In The Water Body content.Grow and gather in the crops plant after 15 days, in leaf Yong Hong Chard dish blade, cadmium average content is 70.30 milligrams per kilogram (dry weights) after measured, and in root system, cadmium average content is 1872.21 milligrams per kilogram (dry weights).
Embodiment 2:
(1) cultivate black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant.Obtain black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant by seed germination, greenhouse cultivation.Actual conditions is: taking the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=1:1 as matrix, according to the ratio of 1:1, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite are mixed, admix derosal and carry out disinfection.By 70% alcohol immersion 10 minutes for black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard colza, tap water rinses three times, is then sown in matrix, sprays water, and before emerging, water content of substrate is controlled at 85%～90%, is beneficial to seed and sprouts as early as possible; After 2 weeks, water 1/4 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate remains on 65%～80%; After 3 weeks, water content of substrate is controlled at 60% left and right, prevents seedling excessive growth; After 4 weeks, water 1/2 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate is controlled at 60% left and right, after growing 12 weeks, uses.
(2) at water planting black nightshade to be administered and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish.Method for planting is: plant is implanted to floating bed, and root directly contacts with polluted water by the aperture drilling in floating bed.
(3) regularly gather continuously and change black nightshade and leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant, the plant 1 time of gathering and change for 20 days, until water body cadmium content reaches safety standards.
(4) plant of gathering unifies to process, and carries out innoxious burning in hazardous waste disposal factory.
It is 5.61 milligrams per liter for examination Cadmium In The Water Body content.Grow and gather in the crops plant after 20 days, in leaf Yong Hong Chard dish blade, cadmium average content is 314.65 milligrams per kilogram (dry weights) after measured, and in root system, cadmium average content is 4547.85 milligrams per kilogram (dry weights); In black nightshade blade, cadmium content is 32.20 milligrams per kilogram (dry weights), and in stem, cadmium content is 181.25 milligrams per kilogram (dry weights), and in root system, cadmium content is 2010.73 milligrams per kilogram (dry weights).
Claims (1)
1. an improvement method for cadmium pollution water, is characterized in that, described processing method is:
(1) cultivate leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant: obtain leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant by seed germination, greenhouse cultivation; Actual conditions is: taking the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=1:1 as matrix, according to the ratio of 1:1, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite are mixed, admix derosal and carry out disinfection; By 70% alcohol immersion 10 minutes for leaf Yong Hong Chard colza son, tap water rinses three times, is then sown in matrix, sprays water, and before emerging, water content of substrate is controlled at 85%～90%, is beneficial to seed and sprouts as early as possible; After 2 weeks, water 1/4 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate remains on 65%～80%; After 3 weeks, water content of substrate is controlled at 60%, prevents seedling excessive growth; After 4 weeks, water 1/2 Glan nutritive medium suddenly, water content of substrate is controlled at 60%, after growing 10 weeks, uses;
(2) at water planting leaf Yong Hong Chard dish to be administered, method for planting is: plant is implanted to floating bed, and root directly contacts with polluted water by the aperture drilling in floating bed;
(3) regularly gather continuously and change plant, the plant 1 time of gathering and change for 15 days, until water body cadmium content reaches safety standards;
(4) plant of gathering unifies to process, in the security landfill of garbage loading embeading district;
It is 1.12 milligrams per liter for examination Cadmium In The Water Body content; Grow and gather in the crops plant after 15 days, in leaf Yong Hong Chard dish blade, cadmium average content dry weight is 70.30 milligrams per kilogram after measured, and in root system, cadmium average content dry weight is 1872.21 milligrams per kilogram.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103752595A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-30 | 沈阳大学 | Method for repairing cadmium polluted soil by potassium fertilizer improved beta vulgaris var.cicla L. |
| CN103785678A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 沈阳大学 | Method for remediating cadmium-contaminated soil by utilizing nitrogenous fertilizer enhanced leaf beta vulgaris |
| CN109399872B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-09-24 | 芷兰生态环境建设有限公司 | Rapid comprehensive restoration method for heavy metal polluted lake |
| CN111530919A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-14 | 上海交通大学 | Cadmium-arsenic combined polluted soil plant optimization restoration method based on black nightshade |
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| CN102000692A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-04-06 | 沈阳大学 | Agricultural method for recovering cadmium pollution farmland soil |
| CN102154142A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-08-17 | 湖南大学 | Microorganism for promoting black nightshade to remove trace cadmium pollution in water and method for removing cadmium pollution |
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| CN102399111A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Greening matrix of gangue crushing material and plant restoration technical method |
| CN102154142A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-08-17 | 湖南大学 | Microorganism for promoting black nightshade to remove trace cadmium pollution in water and method for removing cadmium pollution |
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