CN103230080B - Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut - Google Patents
Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut Download PDFInfo
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- CN103230080B CN103230080B CN201310144581.1A CN201310144581A CN103230080B CN 103230080 B CN103230080 B CN 103230080B CN 201310144581 A CN201310144581 A CN 201310144581A CN 103230080 B CN103230080 B CN 103230080B
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Abstract
Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut of the present invention belongs to woods fruit field, by frame, transmission control device, feed mechanism, hulling machine forms, frame is equiped with hulling machine, by the blow cylinder be even contained between each demarcation strip of Working gantry with hold cylinder tightly and form, frame front lower place is equiped with transmission control device, by motor, with the thumb wheel of motor shaft coaxial package with control cam, the drive sprocket that lower shaft is set with and sheave, the sprocket wheel of front end side by side that upper axle is set with, driven sprocket, the sprocket wheel of rear end side by side of frame rear portion installing, the clamping of interval installing on lower methods, rack, hold and impact three switch compositions tightly, main, driven sprocket, before, rear end sprocket wheel is respectively by chain interlock, hopper is equiped with at Working gantry rear portion, this case one wall is slotted, feed mechanism is equiped with near below this groove, it is by chain side by side, interval connects the transfer roller be contained on chain, the rolling plate of support transfer roller and tightener sprocket composition.This device is to the strong adaptability of Walnut Cultivars, and separation of hull from kernel is complete, and broken benevolence is less, and shell-breaking efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut of the present invention belongs to woods fruit mechanical field, particularly relates to a kind of walnut shell-breaking device.
Background technology
At present, walnut shell-breaking mainly adopts fixed gap extrusion cracking method both at home and abroad, and its subject matter existed is:
1. to the bad adaptability of Walnut Cultivars.Due to walnut out-of-shape, its appearance and size, shell benevolence gap, thickness of shell and nonhomogeneous hardness are larger, the broken shell machinery, the unit that manufacture according to this thinking, all be only suitable for the walnut of same kind, same size, when top clearance is greater than walnut size, just there will be part walnut not by broken shell or only local broken shell, disposable shell-breaking rate is low;
2. separation of hull from kernel difficulty.The profile of China's Walnut Cultivars is mostly aspheres, when size is suitable, and feed attitude improper time, about the 20% half walnut broken along suture is just there will be after the broken shell of fixed gap extrusion cracking machine, it is because of the obstruction every, invaginate in housing, walnut kernel cannot be deviate from from shell, manually must get benevolence, increase production cost;
3. some hulling machines are because operating accuracy is higher or integrated design, and structure is comparatively complicated, and manufacturing cost is high, safeguard more difficult.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of strong adaptability to Walnut Cultivars, separation of hull from kernel completely, the pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut of portable and effective.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut is made up of frame, transmission control device, feed mechanism, hulling machine.Front portion, frame upper surface is equiped with Working gantry, is equiped with hulling machine in it, is made up of the cylinder of holding tightly installed above the blow cylinder be even contained between each demarcation strip of Working gantry and frame.Frame front lower place is equiped with transmission control device, it is by the motor of below, with the thumb wheel of motor shaft coaxial package with control cam, the drive sprocket that lower shaft is set with and sheave, the sprocket wheel of front end side by side, driven sprocket that upper axle is set with, frame rear portion installing the sprocket wheel of rear end side by side, on lower methods, rack interval installing clamping, hold tightly and impact three switches composition.Driving and driven sprocket wheel, front and back ends sprocket wheel is respectively by chain interlock.Hopper is equiped with at Working gantry rear portion, this case one wall is slotted, be equiped with feed mechanism near below this groove, it connects the transfer roller be contained on chain, the rolling plate of support transfer roller and tightener sprocket by the chain side by side of interlock front and back ends sprocket wheel, interval and jointly forms.
Owing to carrying out technique scheme, this device, to the strong adaptability of Walnut Cultivars, can ensure the well-formedness of walnut feeding attitude, be convenient to impact.Separation of hull from kernel is complete, and broken benevolence is less, and shell-breaking efficiency is high.Complete machine structure is simple, convenient operating maintenance, low cost of manufacture.
Accompanying drawing illustrates: concrete structure of the present invention is provided by following drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut structural representation;
Fig. 2 is hulling machine structural representation;
Fig. 3 is transmission control device structural representation;
Fig. 4 is pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut plan structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is chain, transfer roller, walnut, rolling Board position relation and feed status schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 holds nested structure schematic diagram tightly;
Fig. 7 is control cam, clamps switch, holds switch tightly, impacts position of the switch relation schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is thumb wheel, driving lever, sheave, drive sprocket position and drive connection schematic diagram.
Legend: 1, frame, 2, thumb wheel, 3, sheave, 4, bearing block, 5, drive sprocket, 6, driven sprocket, 7, upper axle, 8, Working gantry, 9, hold cylinder tightly, 10, blow cylinder, 11, hold-down nut, 12, hopper, 13, chain, 14, rear end sprocket wheel, 15, upper holder, 16, lower fixed frame, 17, lower shaft, 18, blowpit, 19, motor, 20, motor cabinet, 21, demarcation strip, 22, clamp axis, 23, hold cover tightly, 24, return spring, 25, hold axle tightly, 26, impact return spring, 27, impact sleeve, 28, striking head, 29, transfer roller, 30, tightener sprocket, 31, tensioning bearing, 32, front end sprocket wheel, 33, control cam, 34, fixed head, 35, clamping switch, 36, hold switch tightly, 37, impact switch, 38, rolling plate, 39, walnut, 40, driving lever.
Detailed description of the invention:
The present invention by the restriction of following embodiment, can not determine concrete embodiment according to technical scheme of the present invention and actual conditions.
Embodiment: as shown in Fig. 1,4, Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut is made up of frame 1, transmission control device, feed mechanism, hulling machine.Frame 1 is cuboid cavity frame, and front portion, its upper surface connects is equipped with rectangular table frame 8, and in frame 1 chamber, upper and lower part respectively connects upper and lower horizontal fixed mount 15,16 is housed, and is separately connected with motor cabinet 20 bottom frame 1.
Transmission control device: as shown in Fig. 1,3,7,8, the output shaft of Y-series ac three-phase asynchronous motor 19 is coaxially installed with thumb wheel 2 and controls cam 33, thumb wheel 2 card connects Z-shaped driving lever 40 is housed.Lower fixed frame 16 is equiped with lower shaft 17 by bearing block 4, this axle is set with drive sprocket 5, sheave 3, sheave 3 is totally cross, all has U-lag four ends.Upper holder 15 is fixedly equiped with axle 7 by the bearing block 5 of both sides, and this axle side is equiped with driven sprocket 6, and opposite side is equiped with the two front end sprocket wheels 32 be intervally arranged, and driving and driven sprocket wheel 5,6 is by chain 13 interlock.The vertical framework in the rear of frame 1 is equiped with two bearing blocks be intervally arranged 4, connects the two rear end sprocket wheels 14 being equipped with and being intervally arranged therebetween, the front and back ends sprocket wheel 32,14 of every side is respectively by chain 13 interlock.Vertical framework upper in frame 1 chamber is even equipped with tensioning bearing 31, and this U-type groove is built with tightener sprocket 30, and chain 13 is taken thereon.As shown in Fig. 3,7, controlling the right lower methods, rack 1 of cam 33 is connected with fixed head 35, on this plate, spacer sleeve is equipped with LJ18A3-8-Z/BX type vortex type proximity switch, its by function divide be followed successively by clamping switch 35, hold tightly switch 36 and impact switch 37, wherein hold tightly switch 36 with impact switch 37 spacing with control cam 33 outer end width equal.
Feed mechanism: as shown in Fig. 1,3,4,5, by being installed in the hopper 12 at frame 1 rear portion, chain 13, rolling plate 38, transfer roller 29, front end sprocket wheel 32, rear end sprocket wheel 14, tightener sprocket 30 form closed circuit intermittent feeding mechanism jointly.Hopper 12 is adjacent with Working gantry 8, and be that the panel of four pieces of opposite tilts encloses and forms, be spill at the bottom of case, an inclined plane of hopper 12 is adjacent with chain 13, and this inclined plane has rectangle notch.Cylindrical transfer roller 29 is equidistantly sleeved on the bearing pin of chain 13 side by side, and the length of transfer roller 29 is slightly less than the width of rectangle notch, is the wedge-shaped slot of self-assembling formation between adjacent two transfer rollers 29.Frame 1 chamber inner frame connects the rolling plate 38 being equipped with and tilting upward, and it is positioned at immediately below the rectangle notch of hopper 12, and transfer roller 29 is pressed against on it.
Hulling machine: as shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, Working gantry 8 is fixedly connected with the vertical demarcation strip 21 of parallel arrangement, every block plate has four equidistant circular holes, four DSNU-25-40-P-A type blow cylinders 10 are respectively installed with between two demarcation strips 21 that outermost is adjacent, its two ends are fixed on two compartment plate 21 by hold-down nut 11 respectively, and each cylinder axis is parallel to each other.As shown in Figure 2, the cylinder axis right-hand member of the blow cylinder 10 on the left of Working gantry 8 is through demarcation strip 21, and axle head is connected with cylindrical clamp axis 22, and this axle other end, through an adjacent demarcation strip 21, holds cover 23 tightly through what place's axle is set with hook-shaped.The framework of Working gantry 8 connects and the QGA40 type at right angles crossing in space with blow cylinder 10 long axis direction is housed holds cylinder 9 tightly, this cylinder axis with hold axle 25 tightly and be connected.As shown in Figure 2,6, respectively hold the long end top perforate of cover 23 tightly, be enclosed within holding tightly on axle 25 of the side of being located thereon, hold axle 25 tightly and be connected with the long end of respectively holding cover 23 tightly, short end and the demarcation strip 21 of respectively holding cover 23 tightly are fixedly linked, and hold holding tightly on axle 25 between cover 23 tightly and overlap position spring 24 once for every two.Four blow cylinder 10 the inners on the right side of Working gantry 8 are through demarcation strip 21, and end connects is equipped with striking head 28.In the hole of the right demarcation strip 21 of this striking head 28, active cylindrical impact sleeve 27 is housed, between the demarcation strip 21 and demarcation strip 21 adjacent on the left of it at impact sleeve 27 place, stud with impact return spring 26, the right part of this spring is enclosed within the left part of impact sleeve 27.Chain 13 side by side in aforementioned feed mechanism, be positioned at impact return spring 26 place demarcation strip 21 and and demarcation strip 21 adjacent on the left of it between immediately below, the spacing of this two compartment plate 21 is slightly larger than the length of transfer roller 29.Immediately below front end sprocket wheel 32, frame 1 connects dustpan shape blowpit 18 is housed.Clamping switch 35 in above-mentioned transmission control device is connected with four blow cylinder 10 circuit on the left of Working gantry 8, holds switch 36 tightly and holds cylinder 9 circuit tightly and be connected, and impact switch 37 is connected with four blow cylinder 10 circuit on the right side of Working gantry 8.
Broken shell process is as follows: when motor 19 rotates, and coaxially connect thumb wheel 2 synchronous axial system of dress, after turning over certain angle, driving lever 40 enters the U-lag of sheave 3, interval band turn trough wheel 3 and drive sprocket 4, thus turns driven sprocket 6 and front end sprocket wheel 32 by chain 13 band.When chain 13 interval moves ahead, walnut in lower feed box 12 drops in the wedge-shaped slot between adjacent two transfer rollers 29 from rectangle notch naturally, because transfer roller 29 rolls on rolling plate 38, so walnut produces rolling in the other direction, rotates under the effect of transfer roller frictional force, make its long axis direction parallel with the axis direction of transfer roller 29, form the consistent attitude that couches, for broken shell is ready.The walnut taken out of from hopper 12 by chain 13 is to intermittent movement immediately below between two demarcation strips 21, displacement is the total length between five transfer rollers 29, namely each by being four walnuts between two demarcation strips 21, when it rests between two demarcation strips 21, the long axis of each walnut and clamp axis 22 and impact the dead in line of sleeve 27, wait to be held, hold tightly and stroke.
The control cam 33 coaxial with motor 19, rotates along certain angular speed, the projection of this cam successively rotate in a circumference swing circle to be on fixed head 34 diverse location, different spacing clamping switch 35, hold switch 36 and impact switch 37 tightly.In three switches, the break-make of electric current controls the magnetic valve action of holding cylinder 9 and each blow cylinder 10 tightly, produces magnetic when the solenoid is activated, soft iron action in band moving winding, and in valve, gas circuit is opened, and cylinder operation is at range place; When solenoid power-off, magnetic disappears, and in coil, soft iron is failure to actuate, and in valve, gas circuit is closed, and cylinder is repositioned to minimum stroke place.In each circumference swing circle, control cam 33 projection first close to clamping switch 35, its inner magnetic field produced is made to form electric current, action after the solenoid valves of four blow cylinders 10 be connected with its circuit, open the air intake valve of each cylinder, make each cylinder axis walk to range, connected each clamp axis 22 is pushed to low order end, is respectively withstood on by a walnut on the demarcation strip 21 on the right side of clamp axis 22.The projection controlling cam 33 subsequently leaves clamping switch 35, when what rotation was extremely adjacent holds switch 36 tightly, in like manner this switch internal produces magnetic field and forms electric current, clamp axis 22 is under the state of also non-return, the switch 36 of holding tightly of path holds cylinder 9 air inlet tightly by solenoid control, makes it make contractive action, and connected axle 25 interlock of holding tightly is held cover 23 tightly and shunk, clamp axis 22 is held tightly, and walnut maintains static in its position.When the projection controlling cam 33 rotates to while holding switch 36 tightly, also rotate to impact switch 37 place tightly adjacent with this switch simultaneously, also produce magnetic field in impact switch 37 and form electric current, its four blow cylinders 10 controlling the rightmost side produce action, the striking head 28 of left part clashes into just right impact sleeve 27, impact sleeve 27 collides with clamped motionless walnut, and walnut kernel, shell are separated.Thumb wheel 2, in the time rotated a circle, clamps, holds tightly, impacts three broken shell actions and complete successively.Controlling after the projection whiz of cam 33 drives clamping switch 35, holds switch 36 and impact switch 37 tightly, blow cylinder 10 and hold tightly cylinder 9 all power-off quit work, with hold that cylinder 9 is connected tightly to hold axle 27 tightly overhanging, the long end of holding cover 23 tightly is by pushing tow left, hold cover 23 tightly to open, thus unclamp the clamp axis 22 that blow cylinder 10 each with left side be connected, make its return.Meanwhile, the striking head 28 also self-return on each blow cylinder 10 on right side, impact sleeve 27 is return under the effect of impact return spring 26 also, waits for that next time is impacted.When walnut is after broken shell impact, benevolence, shell are stayed in two adjacent transfer rollers, 29 wedge-shaped slots, and sent to directly over blowpit 18 by chain 13 subsequently, the tangential direction along front end sprocket wheel 32 slips in groove.During as working (machining) efficiency need be improved, hopper 12 volume can be increased, and on Working gantry 8, assemble the broken shell of multiple broken shell units alternately.
Chain 13 is monaural chain, and transfer roller is that nylon material makes.
Above technical characteristic constitutes most preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it has stronger adaptability and best implementation result, can increase and decrease inessential technical characteristic according to actual needs, meet the needs of different situations.
Claims (10)
1. a pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut, by frame, transmission control device, feed mechanism, hulling machine forms, it is characterized in that: front portion, frame upper surface is equiped with Working gantry, hulling machine is equiped with in it, hulling machine is made up of the cylinder of holding tightly installed above the blow cylinder be even contained between each demarcation strip of Working gantry and frame, frame front lower place is equiped with transmission control device, transmission control device comprises the motor of below, motor shaft coaxial sleeve is equipped with thumb wheel and controls cam, lower shaft is set with drive sprocket and sheave, upper axle is set with front end sprocket wheel side by side, driven sprocket, frame rear portion is equiped with rear end sprocket wheel side by side, on lower methods, rack, interval is equiped with clamping, hold and impact three switches tightly, main, driven sprocket, before, rear end sprocket wheel is respectively by chain interlock, hopper is equiped with at Working gantry rear portion, this case one wall is slotted, feed mechanism is equiped with near below this groove, it is by before interlock, the chain side by side of rear end sprocket wheel, interval connects the transfer roller be contained on chain, the rolling plate of support transfer roller and tightener sprocket form jointly, described control cam, successively rotate in a circumference swing circle and be in diverse location on fixed head, the clamping switch of different spacing, hold switch and impact switch tightly, in three switches, the break-make of electric current controls the magnetic valve action of holding cylinder and each blow cylinder tightly.
2. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: frame is cuboid cavity frame, and in frame chamber, upper and lower part respectively connects upper and lower horizontal fixed mount is housed, and is separately connected with motor cabinet bottom frame.
3. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: thumb wheel card connects Z-shaped driving lever is housed.
4. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: sheave is totally cross, all has U-lag four ends.
5. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the vertical framework upper in frame chamber is even equipped with tensioning bearing, and this U-type groove is built with tightener sprocket, and chain is taken thereon.
6. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: controlling the right lower methods, rack of cam is connected with fixed head, on this plate, spacer sleeve is equipped with clamping, holds tightly and impacts switch, wherein holds switch tightly equal with the outer end width controlling cam with the spacing of impact switch.
7. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: hopper is that the panel of four pieces of opposite tilts encloses and forms, it is spill at the bottom of case, one inclined plane of hopper is adjacent with chain, this inclined plane has rectangle notch, cylindrical transfer roller is equidistantly sleeved on the bearing pin of chain side by side, the length of transfer roller is slightly less than the width of the rectangle notch of hopper, it is the wedge-shaped slot of self-assembling formation between adjacent two transfer rollers, frame chamber inner frame connects the rolling plate being equipped with and tilting upward, it is positioned at immediately below the rectangle notch of hopper, and transfer roller is pressed against on it.
8. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: vertical demarcation strip Working gantry being fixedly connected with parallel arrangement, every block plate has four equidistant circular holes, four blow cylinders are respectively installed with between two demarcation strips that outermost is adjacent, its two ends are fixed on two compartment plate by hold-down nut respectively, and each cylinder axis is parallel to each other; The cylinder axis right-hand member of the blow cylinder on the left of Working gantry is through demarcation strip, axle head is connected with cylindrical clamp axis, this axle other end is through an adjacent demarcation strip, cover is held tightly through what place's axle was set with hook-shaped, hold cylinder tightly at right angles crossing in space with the long axis direction of blow cylinder, hold cylinder axis tightly and hold axle tightly and be connected, respectively hold the long end top perforate of cover tightly, what be enclosed within the side of being located thereon holds tightly on axle, hold axle tightly with respectively holding tightly and overlap long end and be connected, respectively hold cover short end tightly and demarcation strip is fixedly linked, hold holding tightly on axle of inner room tightly and overlap position spring once for every two; Four blow cylinder the inners on the right side of Working gantry are through demarcation strip, end connects is equipped with striking head, in the hole of the right demarcation strip of this striking head, active cylindrical impact sleeve is housed, between the demarcation strip and demarcation strip adjacent on the left of it at impact sleeve place, stud with impact return spring, the right part of this spring is enclosed within the left part of impact sleeve; Chain side by side in feed mechanism be positioned at impact return spring place demarcation strip and and demarcation strip adjacent on the left of it between immediately below, the spacing of this two compartment plate is slightly larger than the length of transfer roller.
9. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: immediately below the sprocket wheel of front end, frame connects dustpan shape blowpit is housed, clamping switch is connected with the blow cylinder circuit of four on the left of Working gantry, hold switch tightly and hold cylinder circuit tightly and be connected, impact switch is connected with the blow cylinder circuit of four on the right side of Working gantry.
10. pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: chain is monaural chain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310144581.1A CN103230080B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310144581.1A CN103230080B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103230080A CN103230080A (en) | 2013-08-07 |
| CN103230080B true CN103230080B (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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| CN201310144581.1A Expired - Fee Related CN103230080B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut |
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| CN104366664B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2016-05-11 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of flexibility impacts extrusion-type walnut broken shell equipment |
| CN104814510A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-05 | 柳州玲通科技有限责任公司 | Walnut sheller |
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| CN109170933A (en) * | 2018-11-03 | 2019-01-11 | 新疆思托客农业科技有限责任公司 | Synchronous-type pneumatic shell-breaking machine of walnut |
| CN109920162B (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2021-06-15 | 衢州学院 | Adopt intermittent type motion mechanism |
| CN110477410B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2024-03-15 | 河北绿岭康维食品有限公司 | Nut opening device |
| CN113331068B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-12-30 | 山西晋龙养殖股份有限公司 | Intelligent feeding device |
| CN115251409B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-11-28 | 合肥中安智能视觉科技有限公司 | Nut shell breaking structure |
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