CN103212510B - The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled - Google Patents
The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103212510B CN103212510B CN201310146514.3A CN201310146514A CN103212510B CN 103212510 B CN103212510 B CN 103212510B CN 201310146514 A CN201310146514 A CN 201310146514A CN 103212510 B CN103212510 B CN 103212510B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- transducer
- ultrasonic transformer
- transformer
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
- B05B17/0623—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn
- B05B17/063—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn having an internal channel for supplying the liquid or other fluent material
Abstract
The invention discloses the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled, comprise vertical setting and transducer radiates towards upper ultrasonic transducer, vertically be arranged on above described ultrasonic transducer, the transducer radiates face of ultrasonic transformer coupling surface and ultrasonic transducer be rigidly connected and ultrasonic transformer spoke side towards upper ultrasonic transformer, the detachable micropore atomization head being fixedly installed on the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of described ultrasonic transformer, and the ultrasonic generator be electrically connected with described ultrasonic transducer; At the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of described ultrasonic transformer, be provided with liquid feed channels.The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that droplet of the present invention is controlled, atomization quantity can be overcome in prior art and the defect such as fogdrop diameter scope adjustability is poor and operating temperature is unreliable, to realize atomization quantity amount and fogdrop diameter scope adjustability is good, operating temperature is reliable and cost is low advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial or agricultural atomization plant technical field, particularly, relate to the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled, can be applicable to: air wetting, nebulization dust, particle preparation, aerial fog cultivation, coating atomization, atomization cooling, be atomized combustion-supporting, nebulae inhalation etc.
Background technology
Ultrasonic atomization technology, as a kind of means of physics atomization, has compared and has been widely used in industrial and agricultural production and daily life, as ultrasonic humidifier etc.The principle of ultrasonic atomization technology, be directly utilize high-frequency generator to produce ultrasonic wave by the atomization of liquid.
The computing formula of droplet size is:
⑴
Formula (1) in, D is liquid-drop diameter, and T is liquid surface tension coefficient, and ρ is fluid density, and f is frequency of sound wave.As can be seen from formula (1), for the liquid determined, what can regulate fogdrop diameter only has f parameter, and droplet is less, requires that frequency is higher.
For existing ultrasonic humidifier, be all generally adopt thickness vibration mode, (1) calculate droplet size according to above-mentioned formula.Like this, to produce the droplet of 1 micron, then the thickness of transducer piezoelectric patches is needed to be about 0.3 millimeter.Obviously, from the intensity of processing technology and transducer itself and the acoustical power angle that can bear, all there is larger difficulty.
Realizing in process of the present invention, the defect such as inventor finds at least to there is atomization quantity in prior art and fogdrop diameter scope adjustability is poor and operating temperature is unreliable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the problems referred to above, propose the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled, to realize atomization quantity amount and fogdrop diameter scope adjustability is good, operating temperature is reliable and cost is low advantage.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled, comprise vertical setting and transducer radiates towards upper ultrasonic transducer, vertically be arranged on above described ultrasonic transducer, the transducer radiates face of ultrasonic transformer coupling surface and ultrasonic transducer be rigidly connected and ultrasonic transformer spoke side towards upper ultrasonic transformer, the detachable micropore atomization head being fixedly installed on the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of described ultrasonic transformer, and the ultrasonic generator be electrically connected with described ultrasonic transducer; At the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of described ultrasonic transformer, be provided with the outlet of liquid feed channels.
Further, be fixedly installed micropore atomization expanded metals in the side of the nearly ultrasonic transformer of described micropore atomization head rest, described micropore atomization expanded metals is positioned at the geometric center of micropore atomization head, the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face close contact of described micropore atomization expanded metals and ultrasonic transformer.
Further, between described micropore atomization expanded metals and ultrasonic transformer, be connected with ultrasonic transformer ring flange by the set bolt that is equipped with successively, hold-down nut.
Further, between described ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic transducer, connected by cable.
Further, the transducer radiates face of described ultrasonic transducer, rigidly connected by the ultrasonic transformer coupling surface of connecting bolt and ultrasonic transformer.
Further, the outlet of described liquid feed channels is positioned at the geometric center of the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of ultrasonic transformer; Described liquid feed channels, comprises L shape liquid feed channels.
Further, described ultrasonic transformer, in comprising notch cuttype or physics cumulative shape that is conical or suspension wire type; The area of the ultrasonic transformer coupling surface of ultrasonic transformer, is far longer than the area of ultrasonic transformer radiation end face.
Further, the length of described ultrasonic transformer is the integral multiple of half-wavelength.
Further, described ultrasonic transducer, comprises Langevin PZT (piezoelectric transducer), or adopts nickel, Ferrite Material magnetostrictive transducer, or rare earth material giant magnetostrictive transducer.
Further, described ultrasonic transducer, has half-wavelength structure.
The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that the droplet of various embodiments of the present invention is controlled, due to comprise vertical setting and transducer radiates towards upper ultrasonic transducer, vertically be arranged on above ultrasonic transducer, the transducer radiates face of ultrasonic transformer coupling surface and ultrasonic transducer be rigidly connected and ultrasonic transformer spoke side towards upper ultrasonic transformer, the detachable micropore atomization head being fixedly installed on the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of ultrasonic transformer, and the ultrasonic generator be electrically connected with ultrasonic transducer; At the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of ultrasonic transformer, be provided with liquid feed channels; Ultrasonic transducer can be utilized, by ultrasonic vibrational energy, ultrasonic transformer radiation end face is passed to by ultrasonic transformer, by atomising head microcellular structure expanded metals and ultrasonic transformer radiation end face close contact, produce resonance, make to flow through the liquid between radiation end face and microcellular structure expanded metals, produce ultrasonic atomizatio and secondary-atomizing, thus produce trickle droplet; By changing micropore atomization head, the droplet of different size particles can be obtained; By controlling the size of the size of ultrasonic power and the flow of liquid, can regulate atomization quantity; Thus can overcome that the liquid had in prior art is not easily atomized, atomization quantity and fogdrop diameter scope adjustability is poor and the insecure defect of operating temperature, to realize that nebulisable liquid is wide in variety, atomization quantity and fogdrop diameter scope adjustability is good, operating temperature is reliable and cost is low advantage.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from description, or understand by implementing the present invention.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for description, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the controlled low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device of droplet of the present invention.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, in the embodiment of the present invention, Reference numeral is as follows:
1-ultrasonic generator; 2-ultrasonic transducer; 3-connecting bolt; 4-ultrasonic transformer; 5-ultrasonic transformer radiation end face; 6-micropore atomization head; 7-microcellular structure expanded metals; 8-ultrasonic transformer ring flange; 9-fastening bolt; 10-clamp nut; 11-liquid feed channels; 12-transducer radiates face; 13-ultrasonic transformer coupling surface; 14-cable.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
(1) known by formula, once liquid is determined, then the surface tension coefficient of liquid and density certain, if need the droplet of preparation thinner (namely diameter is less), then must improve hyperacoustic frequency, but be limited to the physical size of piezoelectric ceramics, rare earth or other magnetostriction materials, cannot unrestrictedly raising sound wave frequency.So to the liquid determined, the size of its atomizing particle must have a limit area; Meanwhile, due to the restriction of physical size, the power limited of single Vltrasonic device, also just limits the size of atomization quantity; Moreover the liquid of differential tension coefficient and density, also directly affects the fogging degree of sound wave to liquid.
By formula (1) known to, the surface tension coefficient T of liquid is the key factor affecting droplet size and fogging degree.For addressing this problem, the present invention proposes the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that droplet is controlled, namely utilizing that high power low-frequency is ultrasonic prepares trickle droplet.And for formula (1) for, frequency is lower, and fogdrop diameter D is larger.The technology solving this contradiction is: on the one hand, utilizes low frequency to strengthen the amplitude of ultrasonic wave at ultrasonic transformer end face, greatly destroys the resistance that surface tension of liquid causes, liquid is more easily atomized; On the other hand, utilize microcellular structure, the generation of restriction bulky grain liquid mist, and produce secondary-atomizing.
Concrete way is, utilize ultrasonic transducer, by ultrasonic vibrational energy, ultrasonic transformer radiation end face is passed to by ultrasonic transformer, by atomising head microcellular structure expanded metals and ultrasonic transformer radiation end face close contact, produce resonance, make to flow through the liquid between radiation end face and microcellular structure expanded metals, produce ultrasonic atomizatio and secondary-atomizing, thus produce trickle droplet; Further, by changing micropore atomization head, the droplet of different size particles can be obtained; By controlling the size of ultrasonic power and the uninterrupted of liquid, can regulate atomization quantity.In a word, make full use of the advantage of low frequency large amplitude, the atomization process carrying out in various degree to different surfaces coefficient of tension liquid can be realized easily.Ultrasonic transducer generally adopts half-wavelength structure, and ultrasonic transformer can adopt the integral multiple of half-wavelength, and the design frequency of ultrasonic transformer should keep consistent with the frequency of institute's connection ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic generator.
Particularly, according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, provide the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled, can regulate atomization quantity size and fogdrop diameter scope, operating temperature is reliable, and cheap.
See Fig. 1, the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that the droplet of the present embodiment is controlled, comprise ultrasonic generator 1, ultrasonic transducer 2, ultrasonic transformer 4 and micropore atomization head 6, be fixed on the micropore atomization expanded metals 7 on micropore atomization head 6 and ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5 close contact, micropore atomization head 6 is by set bolt 9, hold-down nut 10 is fixedly connected with ultrasonic transformer ring flange 8, the outlet of liquid feed channels 11 is positioned at the geometric center of ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5, the length of ultrasonic transformer 4 is generally the integral multiple of half-wavelength, ultrasonic generator 1 is connected by cable 14 with ultrasonic transducer 2.
In the above-described embodiments, the microcellular structure expanded metals 7 that micropore atomization head 6 adopts, is made up of porous metal plate or wire netting.The transducer radiates face 12 of ultrasonic transducer 2, rigidly connected with the ultrasonic transformer coupling surface 13 of ultrasonic transformer 4 by connecting bolt 3.Ultrasonic transducer 2, can adopt Langevin PZT (piezoelectric transducer), also can adopt nickel, Ferrite Material magnetostrictive transducer and rare earth material giant magnetostrictive transducer.Ultrasonic transformer 4 is generally designed to the multiple physics cumulative shapes such as notch cuttype, taper shape or suspension wire type, and the area showing as ultrasonic transformer coupling surface 13 is generally far longer than the area of ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5, thus reaches cumulative and amplify the function of amplitude.
The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that the droplet of above-described embodiment is controlled, utilizes low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing principle and micropore atomization principle to combine, can to droplet size and mist amount size real-time monitoring.See Fig. 1, ultrasonic generator 1 provides vibrational energy needed for ultrasonic transducer 2, ultrasonic transducer 2 is generally half-wavelength structure, the Langevin transducer of piezo-electric type can be adopted, also the magnetostrictive transducer that the material such as nickel, ferrite makes can be adopted, or the giant magnetostrictive transducer adopting rare earth material to make.The vibrational energy of ultrasonic transducer 2, is passed to the ultrasonic transformer coupling surface 13 of ultrasonic transformer 4 by transducer radiates face 13.Transducer radiates face 12 and ultrasonic transformer coupling surface 13 are rigidly connected by connecting bolt 3.Ultrasonic generator 1 is connected by cable 14 with ultrasonic transducer 2.Ultrasonic transformer 4 is generally designed to the multiple physics cumulative shapes such as notch cuttype, taper shape or suspension wire type, and the area showing as ultrasonic transformer coupling surface 13 is generally far longer than the area of ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5, thus reaches cumulative and amplify the function of amplitude.With the micropore atomization head 6 of microcellular structure expanded metals 7, be connected with ultrasonic transformer ring flange 8 by fastening bolt 9, clamp nut 10, microcellular structure expanded metals 7 is fixed on the geometric center of micropore atomization head 6.Microcellular structure expanded metals 7 and ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5 close contact.Liquid is entered by feeding-passage 11, delivers between ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5 and microcellular structure expanded metals 7.Liquid feed channels 11 is generally positioned at the geometric center of ultrasonic transformer 4, and the opening of liquid feed channels 11 is positioned at the upper lateral part near ultrasonic transformer ring flange 8, and the outlet of liquid feed channels 11 is positioned at the center of ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5.The liquid sent into by liquid feed channels 11, produces atomization and secondary-atomizing between ultrasonic transformer radiation end face 5 and microcellular structure expanded metals 7, thus produces required droplet.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a droplet is controlled, it is characterized in that, comprise vertical setting and transducer radiates towards upper ultrasonic transducer, vertically be arranged on above described ultrasonic transducer, the transducer radiates face of ultrasonic transformer coupling surface and ultrasonic transducer be rigidly connected and ultrasonic transformer spoke side towards upper ultrasonic transformer, the detachable micropore atomization head being fixedly installed on the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of described ultrasonic transformer, and the ultrasonic generator be electrically connected with described ultrasonic transducer; At the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of described ultrasonic transformer, be provided with liquid feed channels;
Micropore atomization expanded metals is fixedly installed in the side of the nearly ultrasonic transformer of described micropore atomization head rest, described micropore atomization expanded metals is positioned at the geometric center of micropore atomization head, the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face close contact of described micropore atomization expanded metals and ultrasonic transformer, between described micropore atomization expanded metals and ultrasonic transformer, be connected with ultrasonic transformer ring flange by the set bolt that is equipped with successively, hold-down nut; The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that this droplet is controlled, utilize ultrasonic transducer, by ultrasonic vibrational energy, ultrasonic transformer radiation end face is passed to by ultrasonic transformer, by micropore atomization expanded metals and ultrasonic transformer radiation end face close contact, produce resonance, make to flow through the liquid between radiation end face and micropore atomization expanded metals, produce ultrasonic atomizatio and secondary-atomizing, thus produce trickle droplet; Further, by changing micropore atomization head, the droplet of different size particles is obtained; By controlling the size of ultrasonic power and the uninterrupted of liquid, atomization quantity is regulated; The length of described ultrasonic transformer is the integral multiple of half-wavelength; Described ultrasonic transducer, has half-wavelength structure; The frequency of ultrasonic transformer with connection ultrasonic transducer and the frequency of ultrasonic generator be consistent.
2. the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that droplet according to claim 1 is controlled, is characterized in that, between described ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic transducer, is connected by cable.
3. the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that droplet according to claim 1 is controlled, is characterized in that, the transducer radiates face of described ultrasonic transducer, rigidly connected by the ultrasonic transformer coupling surface of connecting bolt and ultrasonic transformer.
4. the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that the droplet according to any one of claim 1-3 is controlled, is characterized in that, the outlet of described liquid feed channels is positioned at the geometric center of the ultrasonic transformer radiation end face of ultrasonic transformer; Described liquid feed channels is L shape liquid feed channels.
5. the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that the droplet according to any one of claim 1-3 is controlled, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transformer is the physics cumulative shape of notch cuttype, taper shape or suspension wire type; The area of the ultrasonic transformer coupling surface of ultrasonic transformer, is far longer than the area of ultrasonic transformer radiation end face.
6. the low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that the droplet according to any one of claim 1-3 is controlled, it is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transducer, is Langevin PZT (piezoelectric transducer), or adopt nickel, Ferrite Material magnetostrictive transducer, or rare earth material giant magnetostrictive transducer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310146514.3A CN103212510B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310146514.3A CN103212510B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103212510A CN103212510A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103212510B true CN103212510B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
Family
ID=48810853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310146514.3A Active CN103212510B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103212510B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103934187B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2016-02-17 | 中国计量学院 | Towards the method for designing of the ultrasonic vibration system of magnetic ferrite magnetic core deburring |
| CN104874515B (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-05-03 | 江苏大学 | Low-frequency ultrasonic secondary atomizing spraying head controlled in electromagnetic mode |
| CN106914459A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-04 | 徐州冀华金属材料科技有限公司 | A kind of dust arrester based on PZT (piezoelectric transducer) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201058323Y (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-05-14 | 陈元平 | High-power ultrasonic atomization machine |
-
2013
- 2013-04-24 CN CN201310146514.3A patent/CN103212510B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201058323Y (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-05-14 | 陈元平 | High-power ultrasonic atomization machine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 一种压电致动网孔式雾化器的设计;朱寅 等;《机械与电子》;20080229;23-24 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103212510A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102500502B (en) | A kind of two-stage ultrasonic vibration atomizer | |
| CN203220994U (en) | Low-frequency ultrasonic atomization device with droplet controllable | |
| CN101167438B (en) | Low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing cultivator | |
| CN103212510B (en) | The low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing device that a kind of droplet is controlled | |
| CN105834054A (en) | Piezoelectric two-phase flow ultrasonic atomization spraying nozzle | |
| CN104874515B (en) | Low-frequency ultrasonic secondary atomizing spraying head controlled in electromagnetic mode | |
| US20180361420A1 (en) | Low frequency electrostatic ultrasonic atomising nozzle | |
| CN102784738A (en) | Low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing spray nozzle with large atomization amount | |
| CN103433169B (en) | A kind of mid-frequency ultrasonic atomizer of Gauss's complex angle and method for designing thereof | |
| GB2073616A (en) | Apparatus for atomising liquids | |
| CN102294313B (en) | Low-frequency ultrasonic secondary atomizing sprayer with adjustable spray angle | |
| CN203900493U (en) | Centrifugal ultrasonic metal powder atomizer | |
| CN109663679B (en) | Low-frequency ultrasonic electrostatic atomizing nozzle | |
| CN105964473A (en) | Two-phase flow ultrasonic atomization device | |
| CN104209222A (en) | Bernoulli twisted-pair low-frequency ultrasonic triple atomizing spray nozzle | |
| CN101703980A (en) | Ultrasonic wave and pressure rotary atomizer | |
| CN110052340A (en) | A kind of multi-stage ultrasonic atomization jetting device | |
| CN205146560U (en) | Tertiary atomizing supersound nozzle assembly | |
| CN103599867A (en) | Ultrasonic spraying device for atomizing viscous liquid and suspension liquid | |
| CN205833326U (en) | Combination refrigeration-type ultrasound wave dispersion disintegrating apparatus | |
| CN103769338B (en) | A kind of mid-frequency ultrasonic atomizer of radial thickness direction polarization | |
| TW200940185A (en) | Liquid nebulization system | |
| CN201744425U (en) | Ultrasonic-focusing liquid sprayer | |
| Tsai et al. | Linear theory on temporal instability of megahertz faraday waves for monodisperse microdroplet ejection | |
| CN201058323Y (en) | High-power ultrasonic atomization machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |