CN103211176A - Sprouted beans and preparation method thereof, and processed foodstuff with sprouted bean as raw material - Google Patents
Sprouted beans and preparation method thereof, and processed foodstuff with sprouted bean as raw material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to sprouted beans and a preparation method thereof. Existing sprouted bean products cannot satisfy market requirements and expectations. According to the invention, beans are processed with the methods such as impregnating, sprouting, freezing, and the like, such that frozen sprouted beans with sprout lengths from 1mm to bean length are obtained; specific spectral radiation and nutrition enhancing treatments are carried out according to different requirements, such that sprouted beans suitable for different populations and with good nutritional and dietotherapy values are obtained. The beans include soybeans, black beans, mung beans, chickpeas, coffee beans, and the like. The sprouted beans can be eaten as bean foods, and can be used as raw materials of various processed bean foodstuffs and applied in processed foodstuffs and health-care foodstuffs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of food industry, belong to the manufacturing technology of bean food, particularly a kind of high nutrition, be easy to make, transport and preserve, have food therapy effect and be suitable as the manufacturing technology of the germination beans of beans processed food raw material.
Background technology
Beans includes genus and 12000 kinds of plants about 600 as fabaceous general name.The cotyledon of its seed partly contains abundant carbohydrate, protein, fat, and nutritive value is abundant.
Mainly utilize the beans of seed, include, but is not limited to soybean, black soya bean, mung bean, red bean, Kidney bean, pea, broad bean, kidney bean, French beans, pigeonpea, goa bean, chick-pea, coffee bean, peanut bean etc.
As important food materials, the seed of beans (to call former beans in the following text) obtains people's preference always, also is subjected to the attention of food processing industry.With former beans is raw material, and exploitation has the dried beans of packing, fries processing beans such as beans, frozen fresh green pea, tall scrawny person, bean powder, natto, fermented soya bean.Wherein, the tall scrawny person has special dietary and the form that is different from former beans, is subjected to liking of people.
But, on the other hand, traditional tall scrawny person often can only be edible as vegetables, can not that works becomes the raw material of many bean product as former beans, simultaneously, it has high moisture content, with the more undigested material that comprises cellulose, and the total energy and the part nutritional labeling that have significantly reduced former beans comprise protein and fat, carbohydrate, its nutritional labeling, eating method and taste, purposes, and long manufacturing cycle and as the dried beans of diatery supplement, fry beans, material bean (former beans) has very big difference, and its transportation, preserve also existence inconvenience, bud and cotyledon are very easily damaged, very easily putrid and deteriorated.
Chinese patent CN 100558253C had once proposed the beans of germination treatment and the raw material of processing food as beans thereof, can not meet the demands well and expect at local flavor and nutrition, food therapy effect, manufacture difficulty, aspects such as suitable transportation, preservation and market acceptance but this technology mainly is conceived to proportion and its product of specific gamma-aminobutyric acid/isoflavones.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of novel germination beans, nutritional advantages with bean sprouts and former beans, be more suitable for transportation than the bean sprouts simultaneously, preserve, easier manufacturing, and can equally with former beans can be used as diatery supplement rather than vegetables, be used for and be convenient to make various bean product as raw material, natto for example, soya-bean milk, bean curd, bean powder, simultaneously can have special food therapy effect again, and the processing beans with better market competitiveness, include, but is not limited to soybean, black soya bean, mung bean, red bean, Kidney bean, pea, broad bean, kidney bean, French beans, pigeonpea, goa bean, chick-pea, coffee bean, cluster bean, multitude's beans, the germination beans of peanut bean etc.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved in that former beans dipping, germinates, and treats that the bean sprouts grows into greater than 1mm but during less than the length of beans, promptly less than the major diameter of the non-bud part of beans, freezing processing, the i.e. freezing germination beans of of the present invention novel germination beans of Huo Deing.
Described former beans are any one the plant beans kind that can germinate, perhaps, for taking from one group of former beans such as soybean, black soya bean, mung bean, red bean, Kidney bean, pea, broad bean, kidney bean, French beans, pigeonpea, goa bean, chick-pea, coffee bean, cluster bean, multitude's beans, peanut bean any one.Described peanut bean is named peanut again.
The inventor is surprised to find, germination beans of the present invention, and more common germination beans, bean sprouts or dried beans, former beans have the following advantages:
1, better metastatic, packed and transported and keeping quality.In transfer in manufacture process and the packed and transported process, the bud of its germination beans is less destroyed and make it fluid loss is still less in polytrophic bud when subsequently edible, and reduced because of the nutrient liquid exposure causes bacterium and bred chance (this minimizing has surpassed simple freezing corrosion-resistant effect) putrid and deteriorated or loss nutrition in a large number, significantly increase keeping quality and prolonged storage life;
2, have better local flavor and palatability; Especially have better local flavor and taste sensation for some specific crowds that comprise the inventor;
3, sell better: germination beans of the present invention are done former beans or common bean sprouts, germination beans, gemmule beans, are had better sales rate, more are received by the market;
4, the dietary function that has higher nutritive value and suitable specific crowd or disease;
5, be more suitable for family or worker mill, the eating house uses these germination beans to make all kinds of processed foods as raw material, comprises natto, coffee, soya-bean milk, Fermented Soybean Milk or the like; The soya-bean milk nutrient content of making is higher, taste is better;
6, the combination that has best suitable manufacturing, nutrition and taste, wherein, described suitable manufacturing comprises comprising that also for example being easy to discern semi-finished product meets predetermined specification, dry or such quality of dewatering, and the ripe soft such quality of easier boiling easily;
7, easier taking: in commodity packaging, once take part germination beans easilier, and can not destroy the bud of the germination beans of not taking basically when taking part germination beans, thereby make it keep storage property preferably;
8, application is applied widely, and almost can process the raw material of bean product, but increase local flavor and nutrition than former beans or soaking beans as any tradition except the tall scrawny person, and foregoing many-sided advantage.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacture method of the beans that germinate, and comprises the steps:
1) Ren Xuan former beans preliminary treatment comprises optional cleaning, high temperature, hot blast, processing such as freezing;
2) optional former beans vernalization is handled, and for example, handles with hot water, ultrasonic wave or microwave, light radiation, high frequency or high voltage electric field, acid, alkali, electrolyte vernalization;
3) former beans are immersed in the aqueous solution of proper temperature, perhaps use the method for the water mist spray of proper temperature, make former beans absorb the moisture of capacity, and absorb optional some that contain in the aqueous solution or the water smoke and can promote former beans to germinate and have additional nutrients, improve local flavor, improve the material of quality;
4) the former beans that will suction moisture place and are fit to environment that germination maybe can germinate and cultivate and germinate, optional during this time with more absorbable benefit materials of germination beans or protective agent processing germination beans, the length length of bud, is chosen wantonly the germination beans through protective agent processing once more to being no more than the beans body length to 1mm after extremely germinateing;
5) the germination beans are freezing, obtain germination beans of the present invention.
According to the present invention, the cleaning of step 1) comprises that optional employing wind is washed, method such as washing, direct friction or wiping, removes the impurity and the microorganism on former beans surface.
According to the present invention, the high-temperature process of step 1) comprises former beans are heated to 40 ~ 65 ℃ and keep reasonable time, for example 0.5min ~ a few hours.
According to the present invention, the hot blast of step 1) is handled, and comprises former beans are blown pouring with hot blast dry or humidity, for example, drenches with 90 ~ 110 ℃ dry heat winds.
According to the present invention, the freezing processing of step 1) comprises former beans freezingly to low temperature, ultralow temperature and keep appropriate time, for example, is refrigerated to 0 ~-9 ℃ or-10 ~-18 ℃ or-18 ~-24 ℃, perhaps-25 ~-35 ℃, and perhaps-36 ~-70 ℃.
According to the present invention, step 2) hot water vernalization is handled, comprises former beans were immersed in the hot water of proper temperature the several seconds by tens of minutes, or tens of hours.
According to the present invention, step 2) ultrasonic wave vernalization is handled, and comprises former beans are directly handled through ultrasonic wave.
According to the present invention, step 2) microwave vernalization is handled, and comprises former beans are handled through microwave irradiation.
According to the present invention, step 2) light radiation vernalization is handled, and comprises former beans through visible light, ultraviolet light or infrared light radiation treatment.
According to the present invention, step 2) acid, alkali or electrolyte vernalization are handled, and comprise former beans through acid solution, alkali lye or electrolyte solution dipping or smear processing, or contact processing with electrolyte.
According to the present invention, in the step 3), after former beans process water smoke or the aqueous solution impregnation process, absorb enough moisture and expansion so that can germinate.Usually need to absorb moisture to expand near full-size.For soybean, a kind of situation is, described enough moisture for example reaches moisture content 48 ~ 52%, also has a kind of situation to be, moisture content reaches 53 ~ 65%, looks different kind or quality and variant, and vernalization whether.
According to the present invention, in the step 3), promote the material that former beans germinate, include but not limited to: plant growth regulating substance, oxidant, electrolyte, organic solvent, organic acid or inorganic acid.
According to the present invention, in the step 3), the material that has additional nutrients includes but not limited to: vitamin, mineral matter such as zinc, trace element are as selenium, amino acid such as lysine or glutamic acid, sugar.
According to the present invention, in the step 3), improve the material of local flavor and quality, include but not limited to: enzyme, antioxidant, organic acid, amino acid or amino-acid salt.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), described suitable germination environment includes, but is not limited to provide suitable temperature, oxygen, carbon dioxide and the humidity of germinateing or the environment of moisture content.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), the humidity of the suitable germination that provides or the environment of moisture content comprise the aqueous solution or water smoke are continued or contacting with beans of the present invention to be germinateed off and on.Wherein, when being immersed in the contact of the aqueous solution, also Xiang Shuizhong ventilation is to provide hypoxemia germination environment.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), the aqueous solution or the water smoke that continue or contact with beans of the present invention to be germinateed off and on can be to include to be absorbed or influence the aqueous solution or the water smoke that it germinates or improves its quality, local flavor or improvement and strengthen the material of its nutrition by described beans.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), the oxygen atmosphere of the suitable germination that provides comprises air or oxygen-containing gas are continued or contacting with beans of the present invention to be germinateed off and on.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), the temperature environment of the suitable germination that provides comprises constant temperature is provided, or follows the varying temperature environment of certain temperature time curve and be confined to the interior random fluctuation temperature environment of uniform temperature value scope.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), described suitable germination environment also optionally comprises suitable photoenvironment, so that the germination beans of the present invention that obtain have more nutritional labeling, and/or better is fit to certain class crowd's food therapy effect.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), described suitable photoenvironment, comprise dark, white light, for example environment of ruddiness, green glow, gold-tinted, blue light, ultraviolet light, infrared light of coloured light is arranged, to regulate some nutrition and the content of physiologically active ingredient, for example isoflavones, the gamma aminobutyric acid content of germination beans.
According to the present invention, in the step 4), described optional protective agent is handled, and comprises and uses suitable antibiotic, anti-oxidant, anti-brown stain mass treatment germination beans.
According to the present invention; in the step 4); described protective agent is once more handled, and comprises that processing germination beans such as using cryoprotector, anti-enzymatic regent, antioxidant, the long inhibitor of blastogenesis, nutrition fortifier are to improve the ability of keeping and the nutrient content of the good form in its freezing back, local flavor, color and luster, quality, mouthfeel.
According to the present invention, in the step 5), described freezing, comprise and make germination beans coolings and remain on below the zero degrees celsius, after preferably being cooled to-25 ~-70 ℃, remain on below 0 ℃, wherein, further preferably be cooled to-25 ~-30/-35 ℃ and keep a period of time after, remain on the freezing state below 0 ℃.
According to the present invention, described bud length is meant the length of the part of coming out from the epidermal growth of bud.
Adopt the manufacture method of germination beans of the present invention to handle the former beans of beans, the bean germination beans that produce include but not limited to the germination beans of soybean, black soya bean, mung bean, red bean, Kidney bean, pea, broad bean, kidney bean, French beans, pigeonpea, goa bean, chick-pea, coffee bean, cluster bean, multitude's beans, peanut bean etc.
The present invention also provides processed food and the health food of using of one or more germination beans of the present invention as raw material, includes but not limited to: soya-bean milk (coffee), bean curd, bean dregs, bean powder, instant (beans) powder, fermented soya bean, natto, beans sauce, fermented bean curd, bean curd with odor, soy yogurt (acidified milk), cure beans, dehydration (germination) beans, bean powder capsule.
The manufacture method of these processed foods, comprise germination beans of the present invention are thawed or keep freezing state through intensification, handle by common soya-bean milk, bean curd, bean dregs, bean powder, fermented soya bean, natto, beans sauce, fermented bean curd, bean curd with odor, tamarind slurry, the way processing of curing beans, dehydration germination beans again.
The present invention also provides germination beans of the present invention in Application in Food, includes but not limited to: the nourishing reinforced food that adds germination beans of the present invention or germination beans processed food.
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment
At first, the former beans to germination beans of the present invention describe.Its kind of former beans, the quality of the germination beans through freezing processing of the present invention do not have particular restriction, every beans that can germinate can be selected, and for example can enumerate soybean, black soya bean, mung bean, red bean, Kidney bean, pea, broad bean, kidney bean, French beans, pigeonpea, goa bean, chick-pea, coffee bean, cluster bean, multitude's beans, peanut bean.Wherein, from nutritive value, easily acquired, edible generality, consider preferred soybean as the aspect such as rich of the converted products that processes raw material.
On the other hand, when for example using soybean, the soybean that can select for use south to produce, perhaps the soybean that produces of the north is perhaps selected the soybean of import for use, and genetically modified soybean, not genetically modified soybean also can be selected the soybean of granule, the soybean of perhaps big grain for use.
The present invention finds, selects for use when being specifically designed to the sprouted broad bean of producing the tall scrawny person usually, and the special advantage that average process time is short, some specific food therapy effects are good is arranged.Wherein, comprise dipping, germination and superfreeze time average process time.Wherein, specific food therapy effect comprises such as antifatigue, hypnosis, prevents health promotion effects such as osteoporosis.
In the manufacture method of the present invention's germination beans of the present invention the optional the 1st), 2) step, all can adopt known method.
In the manufacture method of germination beans of the present invention the 3rd) in the step, the water temperature of dipping can be selected the metastable thermostatted water of temperature usually for use, also can select alternating temperature water for use, for example, earlier with 20 ~ 40 ℃ warm water or contain local flavor and promote the aqueous solution of material to flood a period of time, use the water of lower temperature or the aqueous solution then instead and continue dipping, reach target up to the moisture content of beans.
Again for example, just adopt the water retting of low temperature to finish from beginning up to dipping always.Usually, when the water retting that for example uses 10 ℃, whole dipping process needed 3 ~ 72 hours or the longer time, and the kind, beans size of looking former beans be with moisture content and different, and was subjected to pretreated influence.Higher water temperature is followed short dip time usually.
General knowledge according to bean germination, in dipping process, repeatedly change water, or make former beans intermittently or contact with air or oxygen constantly, for the flatulence factor that reduces the germination beans and harmful components purine for example, and obtain higher germination percentage and faster germination process be good, this dipping method is suitable for the manufacturing of germination beans of the present invention equally.
The inventor is surprised to find, and adopts the water retting of higher temperature in step 3), obtains germination beans of the present invention, and it causes flatulence and weakens, thereby has better consumption and food therapy effect.Yet, in the water of higher temperature, flooding, former beans are easier to be gone bad by microbial infection.
For this reason, the inventor finds through repetition test, in impregnation steps, take the first low temperature dipping long period, and then the short time of high temperature dipping, finish impregnation steps, can when reducing bacterial infection, obtain to have the germination beans of good edible quality and food therapy effect.
Wherein, the temperature of low temperature dipping comprises for example 0 ~ 10 ℃ of temperature that scope is interior, preferred 0 ~ 4 ℃ of scope, and the high temperature dipping temperature comprises for example 15 ~ 45 ℃ of temperature that scope is interior, and preferred 25 ~ 40 ℃, further preferred 30 ~ 38 ℃.The time scale of low temperature dipping and high temperature dipping is included in scope 2:1 between the 30:1, and preferred 8:1 is between the 20:1.
Among the present invention, the temperature when step 4) is germinateed generally is controlled between 4 ~ 45 ℃, and preferred 8 ~ 35 ℃, further preferred 20 ~ 30 ℃.Temperature effect germination germination of bean of the present invention rate, the long speed of blastogenesis, nutrient composition content, or the like.
In the step 4), enriched nutritive includes, but is not limited to strengthen lysine, glutamic acid, used material, comprise amino acid or its salt, for example lysine or lysine salt, glutamic acid or glutamate, wherein, glutamic acid is strengthened, because of glutamic acid can be used as the precursor of gamma aminobutyric acid, in the germination beans, be absorbed and be converted into gamma aminobutyric acid, can increase the gamma aminobutyric acid content of germination beans of the present invention.
The length of the bud of germination beans of the present invention is meant that blastogenesis goes out the length of the part outside the kind skin of beans.Different former beans, because of size, moisture content is different, the length through soaking suction back bean or pea when germinateing is difference also.The inventor surprisingly finds, when selecting the maximum suitable length of bud, need not the concrete numerical value different with size Selection, and only need to determine maximum bud length according to the length of bean or pea simply, can obtain near best freezing germination beans according to different former beans kinds.
According to the germination beans that the manufacture method of germination beans of the present invention obtains, the bud of its each beans is long, can be relative uniformity, but preferably uneven, and the inventor finds that such germination beans are easier to make and also can obtain better to transport keeping quality.
The length of the bud of germination beans of the present invention is in the length of 1mm to the major diameter of beans body, further half of preferred maximum length from 2mm to bean or pea.For example, be the soybean of 14mm for soaking the beans body length that germinates the back, the length of the bud of germination beans of the present invention, preferred 2 ~ 7mm.
Although it is generally acknowledged, the bean sprouts is short more, and the gross area of bud is more little, be collided or the probability that pushes more little, thereby in produce and market processes such as sprouted broad bean transfer, packing, transportation, storage, it is more little to meet with damaged probability, and still, the inventor discovers through concentrated, in the length range of the bud of germination beans of the present invention, the resisting breakage ability of bud far above weighing pairing resisting breakage ability according to the area of bud only, and obviously is subjected to the influence of the length dimension of bud itself.
Those length than those longer buds, for example are example at the full-size of beans (the beans body in referring to germinate) or the bud below it with the soybean, 15mm or 20mm or longer bud, and its crushing resistance is better.
The inventor infers, compares long, the longer bud of described bud of the present invention, and because of its diameter is bigger, the interior liquid of endodontium is more simultaneously, solid matter still less, the bud surface texture is more loose and fragile, so easier breaking.
Simultaneously, the inventor finds through observe also carefully, when bud length is equal to or less than the length of beans body, make and storage and transport process in, before freezing processing and after handling, the bud probabilities that are subjected to the protection of its beans body of pressing close to and reduce collision or push more.Therefore, germination beans of the present invention have the least long scope of bud of cracky.
The inventor also finds, when bud length is lower than the major diameter of beans, with beans body (cotyledon) is ready-made object of reference, determine whether bud length meets predetermined length limit value, be very easy to realize that this makes that the manufacturing of germination beans of the present invention is easy greater than the germination beans of beans body more than having predetermined value and length.
On the other hand, the inventor also finds, surpasses 15mm when bud is long, for example during 18 ~ 20mm, than the of the present invention germination beans of its bud length in the beans body length, not only the ratio of bud/beans body significantly improves, and moisture significantly increases, the nutriment relative amount descends, and fiber content also obviously increases, and its mouthfeel is obviously different, is the soya-bean milk that raw material is made with the germination beans of same weight, its taste is also obviously light, and nutritional labeling is also lower.Particularly bean or pea hour, significant adverse more.Simultaneously, the beans epidermis also begins to come off in a large number, has influenced the attractive in appearance of product.And bud is grown the upper limit that has best bud/beans ratio when being beans length.
The inventor finds, though below the long 1mm of bud, such as 0.1 ~ 0.6mm scope, even 0.8mm, thereby the difference that freezing germination beans exist when the long 1mm of bud aspect nutrient content, taste is not to be easy to be identified the selection that influences the consumer sometimes, but the long 1mm of bud provides a screening criteria that significantly is easy to image or visual identity, makes that germination beans of the present invention can be with higher efficient production and processing.
On the other hand, the present invention finds, the freezing germination beans of packing equally and marking the price, and during the long 1mm of bud, than long 0.6mm of bud or 0.5mm, the selection of the more deflections of acquisition consumer has higher market acceptance level.The concentrated observation of inventor find, the minimum length of the bud that this can pick out during at least with the germination beans of potential consumer in pan packing like a cork easily is that 1mm is relevant.
Owing to above reason, the present invention has determined unique 1mm bud length as the long bottom line of the bud of germination beans of the present invention, and its germination beans longer than shorter bud has many-sided advantage.And it is long with maximum bud, provides the bud of the uniqueness of 6 advantages that meet the germination beans of the present invention that foregoing the present invention finds to grow optional scope.
According to the present invention, the bud length of germination beans is controlled in the long scope of selected bud, can adopt the multiple known long method in control germination bean sprouts to realize, for example, time by the control germination is controlled bud length, again for example, the growth that bud was quickened or slowed down to environment temperature when germinateing by adjusting, and the length of control bud, again for example, handle the growth of quickening bud by vernalization in advance, and the method for sorting, in time filtering out also, freezing those buds reach the germination beans of target to stop the continued growth of bud.And freezing processing, the long method of simple beyond doubt control bud.
The present invention finds, in the growth course of the bud of germination beans of the present invention, can choose the processing that applies various known promotions or suppress the growth of bud wantonly, perhaps various improvement germination germination of bean states, prevent the processing of bacterial infection, and apply the various processing that can improve germination beans local flavor and improve nutrition and quality.These processing or can improve the quality of germination beans perhaps reduce manufacturing cost, perhaps have both at the same time.
According to the present invention, by in the germination process of described step 4), provide specific light ray radiation to the germination beans, also obtained to be more suitable for the germination beans with food therapy effect of specific crowd.
Particularly, according to the present invention, at least the part-time in germination process provides light ray radiation or red light irradiation lasting or red end spectrum intermittently to the germination beans, has obtained to be more suitable for the germination beans with food therapy effects such as antifatigue, brain tonic and intelligence developments that the male sex eats.
According to the present invention, at least the part-time in germination process, provide light ray radiation irradiation lasting or full spectrum intermittently or royal purple end spectrum or ultraviolet light to the germination beans, obtained to be more suitable for the germination beans that the women eats with anti-climacteric metancholia, the anti-ageing food therapy effect of waiting for a long time.
And provide infra-red radiation (infrared spectral radiant) lasting or intermittence to the germination beans, promoted the growth of bud to comprise the content increase of benefit materials such as vitamin, organized enzyme and the reduction of anti-nutrition components such as phytic acid, enzyme inhibition factor, and the stratification beans absorb outside some benefit materials of supplying with more with some.
Described outside some benefit materials of supplying with, comprise some benefit materials of for example sneaking into or being dissolved in the aqueous solution, the described aqueous solution is had a rest or will be sprayed or soak into described germination beans constantly at germinating time, and some materials of for example smearing or sticking to described germination beans surface.
According to the present invention, the protective agent once more of step 4) is handled, and can use the long inhibitor of blastogenesis, so that bud stops continued growth, and reduces or reduce respiration, reduces the consumption of nutriment; Or the use nutrition fortifier, for example amino acid or its precursor substance when strengthening its amino acid nutrient, utilize high concentration to suppress the continued growth of bud.
For example, can use the material of some plant hormones, high-purity amino acid, salt, sugar etc.When using high-purity amino acid or its precursor to handle, preferred lysine or its precursor substance as the lysine intensive treatment, can improve the lysine/arginine ratio of germination beans of the present invention, make it have the food therapy effect of anti-bleb.For example, use lysine or lysine salt powder to smear, or concentration is 0.1 ~ 10% aqueous solution dipping.
With the soybean is example, during germination the lysine of soybean consume more, about 0.66 after causing lysine/0.79 when arginine content ratio never germinates to be reduced to germinateing 48 hours.This lower ratio reduces the sprouted broad bean nutrition balance, thereby the lysine content of raising germination beans can improve the nutritive value of germination beans.
The inventor finds that the lysine of beans/arginine content ratio is lower than 1, is to cause one of its major reason that has cold and cool character as food, thereby, improve its lysine/arginine content ratio or make it, and preferred 1.1 ~ 1.5, can reduce or part is eliminated its cold and cool character greater than 1.And reduced the beans and the processed food thereof of cold and cool character, have the crowd that is suitable for widely, higher food therapy value undoubtedly.
According to the present invention, step 5) freezing, the germination steamed buns stuffed with sweetened bean paste dress back that step 4) can be obtained is freezing, also can be directly freezing, packing obtains the finished product of germination beans of the present invention then.Before freezing, remove the moisture content on germination beans surface, can avoid a plurality of germination beans in freezing back to freeze together.
Freezing can be directly freezing, the endothermic effect in the time of also can be by vacuum dehydration carries out vacuum dehydration with the germination beans and makes the cooling of germination beans freezing.
Cryogenic temperature serves as preferred to reach-25 ~-35 ℃.The germination beans can maintain in this temperature range for a long time, perhaps after lower temperature storage after a while,
[0091] packing of germination beans can also can be carried out after freezing before freezing.Vacuum or fill nitrogen, filling CO 2 packing and help the long period to keep the quality of germination beans.
Freezing processing makes that the taste of germination beans and local flavor are better.
The inventor is surprised to find that, though the freezing blastogenesis length that can make stops, but do not stop whole physiology and metabolic activity that beans starting fully when germinateing, plurality of enzymes in the germination beans is still playing a role, a large amount of big molecules is still continuing degraded and is generating the nutritional labeling that human body is easy to digest and assimilate, have the material of physiologically active with some, and some ANFs continue degraded; On the other hand, the freezing structures such as cell membrane, cell membrane, plasma membrane of also destroying, impel cell rupture, impel the mutual blending of intracellular matter and exosmose, this has also further promoted the degraded of various materials, and makes when using germination beans of the present invention to process food as raw material, obtains better nutrition and local flavor, when for example making soya-bean milk, nutriment is easier to stripping and obtains denseer thick soya-bean milk.
Therefore, germination beans of the present invention are compared common soybeans, and perhaps freezing soaking soybean has better edible and food therapy effect.
Therefore, freezing processing plays an important role in the qualitative characteristics that forms germination beans of the present invention.Freezing, in the present invention, its action effect head and shoulders above the public or those skilled in the art cognitions about the freezing value that is limited to food storing preservation aspect.
The inventor also finds, adopt vacuum or fill nitrogen etc. and can reduce the packing that beans contact with oxygen, can avoid freezing middle germination beans to carry out aerobic metabolism more and consume nutriment, when helping the enzymatic reaction of a lot of useful nutrition of startup after maintenance is germinateed in freezing, suppress and reduction expendable metabolic activity.
Use the processed food of germination beans of the present invention as primary raw material, as the processed food of germination beans of the present invention, for example can enumerate soya-bean milk (coffee), bean curd, bean dregs, fermented soya bean, natto, beans sauce, fermented bean curd, bean curd with odor, Fermented Soybean Milk, boil beans, steam beans, cure/fry (germination) beans, dehydration (germination) beans etc.These processed foods all can adopt known method for making to make.
Wherein, boil beans, to steam beans, fry beans are shortening germination beans.Wherein, fermented soya bean, natto, beans sauce, fermented bean curd, bean curd with odor, Fermented Soybean Milk fermented foods such as (fermented soybean milks) also because because of germinateing and freezing processing, and make beans matter zymogenic growth and breeding preferably and shorten fermentation time.And soya-bean milk, bean dregs, bean curd, stir-fry beans, dehydration beans etc. have all been inherited advantages such as nutrition as the germination beans of the present invention of raw material, local flavor, dietotherapy effect to a certain extent.
Do not have particular restriction for the employed beans kind that processes raw material of the processed food of germination beans of the present invention, for example enumerated soybean, black soya bean, green soy bean, kidney bean, chick-pea, coffee bean, peanut bean etc.Wherein, from nutritive value, food custom, the aspect such as obtain easily, preferably use soybean, black soya bean or mung bean, perhaps be mixed and use soybean, black soya bean, peanut bean.
Embodiment
Enumerate embodiment below, the present invention is described in further details, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Soybean germination beans: the homemade soybean of 600 grams was flooded 16 hours in 4 ℃ 1.8L water, obtain the dipping beans of average length at 11mm, be to place these dipping beans 37 hours under 90% the environment in 18 ℃ of temperature, humidity, and in order to prevent that dried bean curd is dry and keep ventilative simultaneously, beans are placed in the container that is stamped lid with holes, obtain the beans that germinate;
Filter out that 500g germinates and bud is grown up in 1mm, less than the germination beans of 11mm, include the germination beans of the long 2mm of bud, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, the long 6mm of its average bud, vacuum seal is packed in the polybag, send into freezing 10 hours of-28 ℃ of freezers, take out, obtain the freezing germination beans of germination beans of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
Soybean germination beans: use as same specification and the soybean of size and same germinating method among the embodiment 1, just germinate and cultivate through the longer time, filtering out the 500g bud grows up in 15mm, less than the germination beans of 20mm, average length 16mm, vacuum seal is packed in the polybag, send into freezing 10 hours of-28 ℃ of freezers, take out, obtain freezing germination beans.
Comparative example 2
The soybean germination beans: use as same specification and big or small soybean and germinating method among the embodiment 1, filter out 500g greater than 1mm, less than the germination beans of 11mm, the long 6mm of its average bud, vacuum seal is packed in the polybag, refrigeration above freezing.
Comparative example 3
Soybean germination beans: use as same specification and the soybean of size and same germinating method among the embodiment 1, just germinate and cultivate through the shorter time, filtering out the 500g bud grows up in 0.5mm, less than the germination beans of 1mm, average length 0.8mm, vacuum seal is packed in the polybag, send into freezing 10 hours of-28 ℃ of freezers, take out, obtain freezing germination beans.
＜compare and analysis
Give specific a plurality of consumers' selections among a small circle with the germination beans of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 ~ 3 acquisition, found that, among 100 consumers, have only 2 germination beans of selecting comparative example 2,15 germination beans of selecting comparative example 3,24 germination beans of selecting comparative example 1, and select embodiment 1 the germination beans 59 people are arranged, far above the number of selecting each comparative example.
This clearly illustrates that, compares the germination beans of each comparative example, and germination beans of the present invention have better market acceptance.
Yet, the selection rate of increase, simple no thanks to taste or local flavor reason.During this was observed, consumer's selection was not to make after trial test.Groups of people admit that they select according to the intuition hobby after observing relatively.
Embodiment 2
Soybean germination beans and manufacture method thereof with food therapy effect: get the 300 gram north and produce the non-transgenic soybean, choose and remove flat beans, split beans, remove impurity, wipe the dust on beans surface with clean cotton, purged 5 seconds with 100 ℃ of dry-heat airs, insert then in 55 ℃ of hot water and soaked 3 minutes, take out, dipping is 9 hours in 10 ℃ water, obtain the dipping beans of average length 14mm, 30 ℃ of temperature, humidity is following these dipping beans of placing of environment of 90%, simultaneously, and with red light irradiation dipping beans, and it is dry every 1 fen clockwise beans surface spray 5 seconds in order to prevent dried bean curd, the optional glutamic acid that dissolves in 10mmol/L in advance in the spraying water after 18 hours, filters out 500g germination and bud and grows up in 1mm in the germination beans that obtain, germination beans less than 14mm, filling nitrogen is encapsulated in the polybag, send into freezing 10 hours of-35 ℃ of freezers, take out, obtain freezing germination beans.
These germination beans contain lower isoflavones when containing higher gamma-aminobutyric acid, it is edible especially to be fit to the male sex, food therapy effect such as have antifatigue, brain tonic, sleep peacefully.
Embodiment 3
[0118] has the soybean germination beans of food therapy effect: get 300 these imported soybeans of setting a date, contain the aqueous solution vernalization of H2O2 with sprinkle, placed 15 ℃ of water dippings then 8 hours, obtain the dipping beans of average length 14mm, 25 ℃ of temperature, humidity is following these dipping beans of placing of environment of 85%, during this time, with ultraviolet light or blue light or white light source irradiation dipping beans, and it is dry every 2 fens clockwise beans surface spray 10 seconds in order to prevent dried bean curd, after 30 hours, filter out in the germination beans that obtain that 500g germinates and bud is grown up in equal 2mm, the germination beans that are less than or equal to 7mm, filling nitrogen is encapsulated in the polybag, send into freezing 8 hours of-35 ℃ of freezers, take out, obtain freezing germination beans.
These germination beans are at isoflavones that contains higher concentration and isoflavone, especially it is edible to be fit to the women, have that the estrogen of adjusting is unbalance, delaying female aging, improve menopause symptom, prevent osteoporosis, food therapy effects such as blood fat rising, breast cancer, heart disease, angiocardiopathy, beauty treatment.
Embodiment 4
Soybean germination beans and manufacture method thereof with food therapy effect: the homemade soybean of 500 grams was flooded 16 hours in 4 ℃ 1.5L water, obtain the dipping beans of average length at 12mm, be to place these dipping beans 48 hours under 90% the environment in 18 ℃ of temperature, humidity, and in order to prevent that dried bean curd is dry and keep ventilative simultaneously, beans are placed in the container that is stamped lid with holes, obtain the beans that germinate.Filter out that 500g germinates and bud is grown up in 2mm, less than the germination beans of 12mm, in concentration is to flood 1 ~ 30min in 0.3 ~ 30% lysine or the lysine salt solution, draining final vacuum is encapsulated in the polybag, send into freezing 10 hours of-28 ℃ of freezers, take out, acquisition has the freezing germination beans of germination beans that lysine is strengthened, and it has the food therapy effect of anti-bleb, and can promote teenager's height to grow.
Wherein, preferred lysine content surpasses 1% germination beans, has the lysine/arginine ratio greater than 1; Wherein, the further preferred lysine/germination beans of arginine ratio between 1.1 ~ 1.5.
Embodiment 5
Can keep germination beans and the method for making thereof of longer time and be the processed food of raw material with the germination beans: with the germination beans among the embodiment 3 with the aqueous solution dipping that contains vitamin C, calcium citrate 10 minutes, protecting look increases firmly, take out wind and drench the moisture of removing the surface, send into freezer and make the germination beans freezing, obtain germination beans of the present invention.Should do the vacuum freeze drying processing by the germination beans, obtain dehydration germination beans, can preserve for a long time after the vacuum packaging.
Embodiment 6
With the germination beans of the present invention fermented bean products that is raw material: the germination beans among the embodiment 2 are boiled, and inoculation Bacillus subtilis natto in cooling back through fermentation, obtains germination beans natto food.Freezing germination beans of the present invention, it is obviously shorter than same non-freezing germination beans to boil required time (identical mouthfeel hardness).
Embodiment 7
With germination beans of the present invention other bean product that are raw material: the germination beans among the embodiment 2 are processed processing by soya-bean milk, bean curd, bean dregs, bean powder, instant bean, fermented soya bean, beans sauce, fermented bean curd, bean curd with odor, Fermented Soybean Milk, the preparation method that cures beans, bean powder capsule respectively, obtain corresponding germination bean product respectively, comprise health food.Wherein, the soya-bean milk of preparation is denseer than not freezing similar germination beans mouthfeel.Wherein, the bean powder capsule can be used as health food, has to promote to grow, promote the health care that grows tall, wherein, is worth higher with the health care of chick-pea germination bean powder especially.
Embodiment 8
Freezing germinated coffee beans and goods thereof: fresh coffee beans is pressed known germinating method through vernalization, germination, obtain the germinated coffee beans of the long 1 ~ 12mm of bud, it is freezing to send into-18 ℃ of freezers, obtains freezing germinated coffee beans.Pick out the freezing germinated coffee beans of the long 2 ~ 6mm of those buds, obtain preferred freezing germinated coffee beans.Should handle through vacuum freeze drying by freezing germinated coffee beans, obtain the dehydration germinated coffee beans.[0131] this dehydration germinated coffee beans can be handled through known baked coffee, germinated coffee beans is cured in acquisition, can be further used for making existing mill or instant coffee beverage, perhaps is applied in the processing of cake or candy foods, make coffee cake, coffee candy, it has lower bitter taste.
Embodiment 9
Freezing germination beans are in Application in Food: with fragmentation of freezing germination beans and the powder process of embodiment 1, dryly handle the germination bean powder of acquisition, the batching that can be used as varieties of food items, or food enrichment, for example with flour batching, the germination soya-bean cake that is used to prepare fortification is done.
Embodiment 10
Soybean among the embodiment 1 ~ 7,9 is replaced with black soya bean, obtains germination beans and bean product thereof.These germination beans and bean product are rich in anthocyanidin, and anti-ageing preferably, skin-softening beauty effect is arranged.
Specification of the present invention and embodiment are exemplary, consider the invention spirit that specification and practice disclose herein, those skilled in the art is apparent, under the situation that does not depart from scope of the present invention or design, can make various modifications and variations to disclosed scheme and method.
Claims (10)
1. germination beans, the length of bud and have the quality of being regulated by following manufacture method between the length of 1mm and beans, described manufacture method comprises former beans dipping suction step, with and subsequent germination incubation step and freezing step.
2. germination beans according to claim 1 wherein, also comprise the photo-irradiation treatment that is selected from following any one light: infra-red radiation, ruddiness, gold-tinted, green glow, blue light, ultraviolet light in the described germination incubation step.
3. germination beans according to claim 1, wherein, described manufacture method also comprises choosing wantonly in dipping suction step or germination incubation step carries out that lysine is strengthened and glutamic acid is strengthened at least a amino acid intensive treatment among both.
4. germination beans according to claim 3, wherein, described germination beans have greater than 1 and the preferred lysine between 1.1 ~ 1.5/arginine content ratio.
5. according to the germination beans described in the claim 1 ~ 4, the beans of described germination beans is to be selected from soybean, black soya bean, mung bean, red bean, Kidney bean, pea, broad bean, kidney bean, French beans, pigeonpea, goa bean, chick-pea, coffee bean, cluster bean, multitude's beans, the peanut bean one or more.
6. beans processed food, its with the described germination beans of claim 1 ~ 4 for processing raw material.
7. beans according to claim 6 processed food, described beans processed food is for being selected from soya-bean milk (coffee), bean curd, bean dregs, bean powder, instant (beans) powder, fermented soya bean, natto, beans sauce, fermented bean curd, bean curd with odor, fermented soybean milk, curing beans, the beans that dewater, boiling a kind of in beans, the bean powder capsule.
8. the germination beans described in the claim 1 ~ 4 are in Application in Food.
9. the manufacture method of the beans that germinates comprises former beans dipping suction step, and germination incubation step and freezing step wherein, make the length of bud germinate between the length of 1mm ~ beans in the germination incubation step.
10. the manufacture method of germination beans according to claim 9, wherein, described germination beans process lysine reinforcement and glutamic acid are strengthened at least a amino acid intensive treatment among both.
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| CN104921001A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-23 | 济南大学 | Sprouted chickpea sauce and preparation method thereof |
| CN105249853A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-01-20 | 九阳股份有限公司 | Freeze wall breaking soybean milk making method of household soymilk machine and household soymilk machine |
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| CN104921001A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-23 | 济南大学 | Sprouted chickpea sauce and preparation method thereof |
| CN105249853A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-01-20 | 九阳股份有限公司 | Freeze wall breaking soybean milk making method of household soymilk machine and household soymilk machine |
| CN105661338A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-15 | 杜冰 | Preparation method of semen sojae praeparatum powder with thrombolytic effect |
| CN106173742A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 湖北民族学院 | A kind of aroma soybean whey drink and production technology thereof |
| CN106173742B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-12-24 | 湖北民族大学 | Wine-flavored soybean whey beverage and production process thereof |
| CN106717737A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-05-31 | 王福丽 | A kind of preparation method of low purine moyashi |
| CN108077053A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 株式会社昰燏 | For cultivating the container of peanut sprout |
| CN108338199A (en) * | 2018-03-31 | 2018-07-31 | 哈尔滨伟平科技开发有限公司 | A kind of production method of moon cake |
| CN110881527A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-03-17 | 南京农业大学 | Production method of germ soybean milk rich in gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| CN111034811A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 吉林农业大学 | Preparation method of chickpea bean curd |
| WO2021251681A1 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-16 | 이현구 | Method for producing fermented green coffee beans by complex fermentation, and fermented green coffee beans produced thereby |
| RU2767789C1 (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-03-21 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский государственный университет пищевых производств" | Method of producing bean grits with low content of oligosaccharides |
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