CN103210865A - Wild training method and wild training device for improving swimming capacity of released Yangtze sturgeons - Google Patents
Wild training method and wild training device for improving swimming capacity of released Yangtze sturgeons Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a wild training method and a wild training device for improving swimming capacity of released Yangtze sturgeons. The method includes: 1, preparation is carried out before an experiment; 2, adjustment and testing of water flows are carried out; 3, experiment sturgeons are introduced; 4, water flow training of the Yangtze sturgeons is carried out; and 5, finish time of the water flow training is carried out. According to the device, a river diversion screen and a submerged pump are installed in the middle of a cultivation bucket. A frequency converting controller is connected with the submerged pump through a wire, a water outlet of the submerged pump is connected with conduits, flow jetting holes are formed in the conduits, a water outlet pipe is installed in the middle of the cultivation bucket and has water level adjustment, and a water inlet pipe is connected on the upper portion of the cultivation bucket. By adoption of the training method, after the Yangtze sturgeons at different stages are trained, swimming capacities are all obviously improved. After training, water flow sensory capacities of the Yangtze sturgeons are improved, limiting swimming speed is high, and continuous swimming time in high-speed water flows is long.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fishery resources maintenance field, specially refer to a kind of raising release acipenser dabryanus swimming ability open countryization training method and device.
Background technology
Carrying out that Technique in Fishes propagation releases is the important channel of fishery resources maintenance and rare fish protection.In the worldwide, implement the history that Technique in Fishes propagation was released existing over one hundred year, China implements release scale and intensity of artificial fecundation at present and also strengthens year by year.Yet at present, the propagation effect of releasing is very undesirable.Existing studies show that, artificial fecundation release fish survive in the open air adaptive capacity relatively poor be the low main cause of survival rate after causing releasing, become the release critical limitation factor of effect of influence propagation.The swimming ability of fish is its important existence ability in finishing migration, move, ingest, breed and escape the process history of life such as harmful animal.Studies show that, cultured fishes are usually grown up in the environment static relatively, that the habitat is single, lack the perception current, overcome the current ability training, thereby cause the swimming ability of cultured fishes such as limit swimming rate, outburst swimming rate etc. to have evident difference with natural population.When cultured fishes discharge in the natural environment, often get lost at the water environment of numerous and complicated; Lack the ability of resisting torrent simultaneously, drift with the tide; Initiatively ingest, escape in the harmful animal process and often fail because of the swimming scarce capacity, cause hunger and physical consumption, the prey probability rises, so lethality increases.Therefore, effectively open countryization training being carried out in cultured fishes is to improve the important channel of breeding the fish field survivorship ability of releasing.The open countryization training technique is just becoming the focus of domestic and international research at present, and the technical standard of moulding is not arranged as yet.An important aspect of open countryization training is exactly to carry out the training technique that improves fish swimming ability, because the difference of fish life habit is also inequality at training method and the effect of different fish.Acipenser dabryanus is the rare fish in imminent danger of China's first-grade state protection, mainly is distributed in middle and upper reaches master stream, the Changjiang river and the tributary.At present, propagate acipenser dabryanus artificially and realized whole artificial propagation, but scale is still very limited, implement artificial fecundation in the Changjiang river middle and upper reaches every year and release, the amount of releasing is that hundreds of tail to several thousand tails do not wait.Therefore, significant if effectively improve the open-air survival rate of the acipenser dabryanus of releasing for protection and the resource maintenance of acipenser dabryanus.At present, the propagation of acipenser dabryanus is released does not have any open countryization training technique to implement as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of raising release the open country training method and the device of acipenser dabryanus swimming ability.Its purpose one is: by the swimming ability of raising acipenser dabryanus, thereby improve the open country survival ability of the acipenser dabryanus of releasing; It two is: a kind of device that is suitable for the training of acipenser dabryanus open countryization is provided.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The release field exercise method of acipenser dabryanus swimming ability of a kind of raising, it is characterized in that: described method follows these steps to carry out:
1, the preparation before the experiment: the open country trainer of putting up acipenser dabryanus swimming ability, the water conservancy diversion screen cloth is fixed in the breed bucket, interior zone at the water conservancy diversion screen cloth installs immersible pump, open water inlet pipe, to culture fills with water in the bucket, regulate the water level of culturing in the bucket by the outlet pipe that the band water level is regulated;
2, the adjusting of current and test: the power supply of engaging means, start immersible pump, current are sprayed from supravasal jet orifice, carry out the incremental of different frequency by frequency-variable controller, write down each test frequency value, and system's current reach the mean flow velocity value of stable state under this frequency, after obtaining the Peak Flow Rate value that needs to build, stop test, above-mentioned test triplicate, the data that obtained are basic reference datas of later stage open countryization training;
3, the introducing of experiment fish: will test fish and put into the water channel that the bucket wall of culturing bucket and diversion screen net form, and adapt to 1-2 hour, the flow of adjusting water inlet pipe makes condition of water quality such as the water temperature of breed inner bucket water body and dissolved oxygen amount satisfy the demand that acipenser dabryanus grows;
4, the current training of acipenser dabryanus: to the different flow rate of water flow training of the acipenser dabryanus of different size, just incubating seedling training current is 0.01-0.09m/s, duration is 8-12 days, before the feeding half an hour and ingest during stop training, first quarter moon monthly age in age to two prelarva training current are 0.1-0.3 m/s, duration is 20-30 days, before the feeding half an hour and ingest during stop training, 3 monthly ages at monthly age to 4 juvenile fish training current are 0.3-0.6m/s, duration is 15-20 days, before the feeding half an hour and ingest during stop training, 4 monthly ages, above juvenile fish training current were 0.6-1.0 m/s, the duration is 20-30 days, train every day 2 times, each 20-30 minute, the current training period generally increased flow velocity once every five days, and each flow velocity amplification is 0.1-0.2 m/s;
5, the current training concluding time: generally finish training in preceding 1 week of releasing, stopping the training time before releasing is 7-15 days, and the acipenser dabryanus after training finishes can be cultured in hydrostatic or miniflow water.
The release open country trainer of acipenser dabryanus swimming ability of a kind of raising, comprise: culture the outlet pipe that bucket, water conservancy diversion screen cloth, immersible pump, frequency-variable controller, conduit, jet orifice, water inlet pipe and band water level are regulated, this device is equipped with the water conservancy diversion screen cloth in the centre of culturing bucket, water conservancy diversion screen cloth interior zone is equipped with immersible pump, frequency-variable controller is connected with immersible pump with lead, the delivery port of immersible pump is connected with conduit, have jet orifice on the conduit, the outlet pipe that the band water level is regulated is equipped with in the centre of culturing bucket, and the top of culturing bucket is connected to water inlet pipe.
Good effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention acipenser dabryanus that proposed first to be suitable for to release is carried out the method and apparatus of current training, and its device also is suitable for the current training of other fish of releasing;
2, the invention provides the training current control mode of acipenser dabryanus different phase, and ensured that survival rate and the hydrostatic contrast ratio of acipenser dabryanus in this device reaches more than 95%;
3, adopt training method of the present invention, the acipenser dabryanus of different phase is after training finishes, and the swimming ability all improves significantly, and the acipenser dabryanus after the training promotes the current perception, have higher limit swimming rate, under high current, have long lasting swimming time.
Description of drawings
The open country trainer structural representation of Fig. 1, acipenser dabryanus swimming ability.
Embodiment
Further specify the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment one
Just incubating juvenile fish with acipenser dabryanus is the experiment fish
1, the preparation before the experiment: the open country trainer of putting up acipenser dabryanus swimming ability according to accompanying drawing 1, water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 is fixed in the breed bucket 1, interior zone at water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 installs immersible pump 3, frequency-variable controller 4 usefulness leads are connected with immersible pump 3, the delivery port of immersible pump 3 is connected with conduit 5, open water inlet pipe 7, will culture fills with water in the bucket 1, regulate the water level of culturing in the bucket 1 by the outlet pipe 8 that the band water level is regulated;
2, the adjusting of current and test: the power supply of engaging means, start immersible pump 3, current are sprayed from the jet orifice 6 on the conduit 5, carry out the incremental of different frequency by frequency-variable controller 4, write down each test frequency value, and system's current reach the mean flow velocity value of stable state under this frequency, generally be after 10 minutes after frequency adjustment is finished, begin to measure flow speed value again, test is after obtaining the Peak Flow Rate value that needs to build, stop test, above-mentioned test triplicate, the data that obtained are basic reference datas of later stage open countryization training;
The basic reference data of table 1
| Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s | Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s |
| 3.0 | 0.05 | 21.0 | 0.4 |
| 5.0 | 0.09 | 23.0 | 0.5 |
| 7.0 | 0.1 | 25.0 | 0.6 |
| 9.0 | 0.15 | 28．0 | 0.7 |
| 11.0 | 0.20 | 30.0 | 0.8 |
| 13.0 | 0.25 | 33.0 | 0.9 |
| 15.0 | 0.30 | 35.0 | 1.0 |
| 17．0 | 0.35 | ? | ? |
3, the introducing of experiment fish: will just incubate juvenile fish and put into the bucket wall of breed bucket 1 and the water channel that water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 forms, adapt to 1 hour, regulate the flow of water inlet pipe 7, make condition of water quality such as culturing barrel water temperature of 1 interior water body and dissolved oxygen amount satisfy the demand that acipenser dabryanus grows;
4, just incubate the current training of juvenile fish: guaranteeing first incubating under the situation of juvenile fish survival rate＞95%, just incubating seedling training current is 0.01-0.09m/s, duration is 8-12 days, and guarantees that just incubating juvenile fish freely moves about, and does not form scratch with water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 in different discharge influences;
5, the current training concluding time: generally finish training in preceding 1 week of releasing, stopping the training time before releasing is 7-15 days, finishes the acipenser dabryanus of training and can culture in hydrostatic or miniflow water.
Embodiment two
With first quarter moon monthly age in age to 2 acipenser dabryanus prelarva is the experiment fish
1, the preparation before the experiment: the open country trainer of putting up acipenser dabryanus swimming ability according to accompanying drawing 1, water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 is fixed in the breed bucket 1, interior zone at water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 is equipped with immersible pump 3, frequency-variable controller 4 usefulness leads are connected with immersible pump 3, the delivery port of immersible pump 3 is connected with conduit 5, open water inlet pipe 7, will culture fills with water in the bucket 1, regulate the water level of culturing in the bucket 1 by the outlet pipe 8 that water level is regulated;
2, the adjusting of current and test: the power supply of engaging means, start immersible pump 3, current are sprayed from the jet orifice 6 on the conduit 5, carry out the incremental of different frequency by frequency-variable controller 4, write down each test frequency value, and system's current reach the mean flow rate size of stable state under this frequency, generally be after 10 minutes after frequency adjustment is finished, beginning to measure flow speed value, test is after obtaining the Peak Flow Rate value that needs to build, stop test, above-mentioned test triplicate, the data that obtained are basic reference datas of later stage open countryization training;
The basic reference data of table 2
| Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s | Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s |
| 3.0 | 0.05 | 21.0 | 0.4 |
| 5.0 | 0.09 | 23.0 | 0.5 |
| 7.0 | 0.1 | 25.0 | 0.6 |
| 9.0 | 0.15 | 28．0 | 0.7 |
| 11.0 | 0.20 | 30.0 | 0.8 |
| 13.0 | 0.25 | 33.0 | 0.9 |
| 15.0 | 0.30 | 35.0 | 1.0 |
| 17．0 | 0.35 | ? | ? |
3, the introducing of experiment fish: will just incubate juvenile fish and put into the bucket wall of breed bucket 1 and the water channel that water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 forms, adapt to 1.5 hours, regulate the flow of water inlet pipe 7, make condition of water quality such as culturing barrel water temperature of 1 interior water body and dissolved oxygen amount satisfy the demand that acipenser dabryanus grows;
4, the current of acipenser dabryanus prelarva training: under the situation that guarantees acipenser dabryanus prelarva survival rate＞95%, acipenser dabryanus prelarva training current are 0.1-0.3m/s, except that between feeding period, stop 0.5-1 hour, all the other time dimension water holding road flow rate of water flow, increased a flow velocity every 5 days, each flow velocity amplification is 0.1-0.2 m/s, and the continuous training time is 20-30 days;
5, the current training concluding time: generally finish training in preceding 1 week of releasing, stopping the training time before releasing is 7-15 days, finishes the acipenser dabryanus of training and can culture in hydrostatic or miniflow water.
Embodiment three
With 3 the monthly age at monthly age to 4 the acipenser dabryanus juvenile fish serve as the experiment fish.
1, the preparation before the experiment: the open country trainer of putting up acipenser dabryanus swimming ability according to accompanying drawing 1, water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 is fixed in the breed bucket 1, interior zone at water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 is equipped with immersible pump 3, frequency-variable controller 4 usefulness leads are connected with immersible pump 3, the delivery port of immersible pump 3 is connected with conduit 5, open water inlet pipe 7, will culture fills with water in the bucket 1, regulate the water level of culturing in the bucket 1 by the outlet pipe 8 that water level is regulated;
2, the adjusting of current and test: the power supply of engaging means, start immersible pump 3, current are sprayed from the jet orifice 6 on the conduit 5, carry out the incremental of different frequency by frequency-variable controller 4, write down each test frequency value, and system's current reach the mean flow rate size of stable state under this frequency, generally be after 10 minutes after frequency adjustment is finished, beginning to measure flow speed value, test is after obtaining the Peak Flow Rate value that needs to build, stop test, above-mentioned test triplicate, the data that obtained are basic reference datas of later stage open countryization training;
The basic reference data of table 3
| Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s | Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s |
| 3.0 | 0.05 | 21.0 | 0.4 |
| 5.0 | 0.09 | 23.0 | 0.5 |
| 7.0 | 0.1 | 25.0 | 0.6 |
| 9.0 | 0.15 | 28．0 | 0.7 |
| 11.0 | 0.20 | 30.0 | 0.8 |
| 13.0 | 0.25 | 33.0 | 0.9 |
| 15.0 | 0.30 | 35.0 | 1.0 |
| 17．0 | 0.35 | ? | ? |
3, the introducing of experiment fish: will just incubate juvenile fish and put into the bucket wall of breed bucket 1 and the water channel that water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 forms, adapt to 1.5 hours, regulate the flow of water inlet pipe 7, make condition of water quality such as culturing barrel water temperature of 1 interior water body and dissolved oxygen amount satisfy the demand that acipenser dabryanus grows;
4, the current of acipenser dabryanus prelarva training: under the situation that guarantees acipenser dabryanus prelarva survival rate＞95%, acipenser dabryanus prelarva training current are 0.3-0.6m/s, except that between feeding period, stop 0.5-1 hour, all the other time dimension water holding road flow rate of water flow, increased a flow velocity every 5 days, each flow velocity amplification is 0.1-0.2 m/s, and the continuous training time is 15-20 days;
5, the current training concluding time: generally finish training in preceding 1 week of releasing, stopping the training time before releasing is 7-15 days, finishes the acipenser dabryanus of training and can culture in hydrostatic or miniflow water.
Embodiment four
With the acipenser dabryanus juvenile fish more than 4 monthly ages is the experiment fish.
1, the preparation before the experiment: the open country trainer of putting up acipenser dabryanus swimming ability according to accompanying drawing 1, water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 is fixed in the breed bucket 1, interior zone at water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 is equipped with immersible pump 3, frequency-variable controller 4 usefulness leads are connected with immersible pump 3, the delivery port of immersible pump 3 is connected with conduit 5, open water inlet pipe 7, will culture fills with water in the bucket 1, regulate the water level of culturing in the bucket 1 by the outlet pipe 8 that water level is regulated;
2, the adjusting of current and test: the power supply of engaging means, start immersible pump 3, current are sprayed from the jet orifice 6 on the conduit 5, carry out the incremental of different frequency by frequency-variable controller 4, write down each test frequency value, and system's current reach the mean flow rate size of stable state under this frequency, generally be after 10 minutes after frequency adjustment is finished, beginning to measure flow speed value, test is after obtaining the Peak Flow Rate value that needs to build, stop test, above-mentioned test triplicate, the data that obtained are basic reference datas of later stage open countryization training;
The basic reference data of table 4
| Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s | Frequency values | Flow speed value m/s |
| 3.0 | 0.05 | 21.0 | 0.4 |
| 5.0 | 0.09 | 23.0 | 0.5 |
| 7.0 | 0.1 | 25.0 | 0.6 |
| 9.0 | 0.15 | 28．0 | 0.7 |
| 11.0 | 0.20 | 30.0 | 0.8 |
| 13.0 | 0.25 | 33.0 | 0.9 |
| 15.0 | 0.30 | 35.0 | 1.0 |
| 17．0 | 0.35 | ? | ? |
3, the introducing of experiment fish: will just incubate juvenile fish and put into the bucket wall of breed bucket 1 and the water channel that water conservancy diversion screen cloth 2 forms, adapt to 2 hours, regulate the flow of water inlet pipe 7, make condition of water quality such as culturing barrel water temperature of 1 interior water body and dissolved oxygen amount satisfy the demand that acipenser dabryanus grows;
4, the current of acipenser dabryanus prelarva training: under the situation that guarantees acipenser dabryanus prelarva survival rate＞95%, acipenser dabryanus prelarva training current are 0.6-1.0m/s, carry out current training 20-30 minute in every morning and afternoon, increased a flow velocity every 5 days, each flow velocity amplification is 0.1-0.2 m/s, and the continuous training time is 20-30 days;
5, the current training concluding time: generally finish training in preceding 1 week of releasing, stopping the training time before releasing is 7-15 days, finishes the acipenser dabryanus of training and can culture in hydrostatic or miniflow water.
The above only is a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention; for the person of ordinary skill of the art; not breaking away from the invention design and not making under the prerequisite of creative work, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the raising open country training method of acipenser dabryanus swimming ability of releasing, it is characterized in that: described method follows these steps to carry out:
(1), the preparation before the experiment: the open country trainer of putting up acipenser dabryanus swimming ability, water conservancy diversion screen cloth (2) is fixed in the breed bucket (1), install immersible pump (3) at water conservancy diversion screen cloth (2) interior zone, open water inlet pipe (7), to culture fills with water in the bucket (1), regulate the water level of culturing in the bucket (1) by the outlet pipe (8) that the band water level is regulated;
(2), the adjusting of current and test: the power supply of engaging means, start immersible pump (3), current are sprayed from the layering jet orifice (6) on the conduit (5), carry out the incremental of different frequency by frequency-variable controller (4), write down each test frequency value, and system's current reach the mean flow velocity value of stable state under this frequency, after obtaining the Peak Flow Rate value that needs to build, stop test, above-mentioned test triplicate, the data that obtained are basic reference datas of later stage open countryization training;
(3), the introducing of experiment fish: will test fish and put into the bucket wall of breed bucket (1) and the water channel that water conservancy diversion screen cloth (2) forms, adapt to 1-2 hour, regulate the flow of water inlet pipe (7), make condition of water quality such as the water temperature of culturing bucket (1) interior water body and dissolved oxygen amount satisfy the demand that acipenser dabryanus grows;
(4), the current training of acipenser dabryanus: the acipenser dabryanus of different size is adopted different flow velocity training, just incubating seedling training current is 0.01-0.09m/s, duration is 8-12 days, before the every day feeding half an hour and ingest during stop current and stimulate, first quarter moon monthly age in age to 2 prelarva training current are 0.1-0.3 m/s, duration is 20-30 days, stopping current during ingesting every day stimulates, 3 monthly ages at monthly age to 4 juvenile fish training current are 0.3-0.6m/s, duration is 15-20 days, stopping current during ingesting every day stimulates, and 4 monthly ages, above juvenile fish training current were 0.6-1.0 m/s, and the duration is 20-30 days, train every day 2 times, each 20-30 minute, the flow velocity training period generally increased flow velocity once every five days, and each flow velocity amplification is 0.1-0.2 m/s;
(5), the current training concluding time: generally finish training in preceding 1 week of releasing, stopping the training time before releasing is 7-15 days, finishes the acipenser dabryanus of training and can culture in hydrostatic or miniflow water.
2. the raising open country trainer of acipenser dabryanus swimming ability of releasing, comprise: culture bucket (1), water conservancy diversion screen cloth (2), immersible pump (3), frequency-variable controller (4), conduit (5), jet orifice (6), the outlet pipe (8) that water inlet pipe (7) and band water level are regulated, it is characterized in that: water conservancy diversion screen cloth (2) is equipped with in the centre of culturing bucket (1), water conservancy diversion screen cloth (2) interior zone is equipped with immersible pump (3), frequency-variable controller (4) is connected with immersible pump (3) with lead, the delivery port of immersible pump (3) is connected with conduit (5), have jet orifice (6) on the conduit (5), the outlet pipe (8) that the band water level is regulated is equipped with in the centre of culturing bucket (1), and the top of culturing bucket (1) is connected to water inlet pipe (7).
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| CN103404456A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-27 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Experimental water flow simulation device capable of adjusting flow velocity |
| CN103858805A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-18 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Method for evaluating swimming ability of fishes and application |
| CN104221966A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-24 | 三峡大学 | Method and simulated natural riverway model device for improving field survival rate of released baby fish |
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| CN109349166A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-02-19 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | The Wild training method of mandarin sturgeon |
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| CN112753635A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Wild domestication system and domestication method for seawater fish proliferation and releasing seedlings |
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