CN103210822A - Special full-value nutrition liquid and organic substrate integral cultivating mode for green peppers - Google Patents
Special full-value nutrition liquid and organic substrate integral cultivating mode for green peppers Download PDFInfo
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- CN103210822A CN103210822A CN2013100960266A CN201310096026A CN103210822A CN 103210822 A CN103210822 A CN 103210822A CN 2013100960266 A CN2013100960266 A CN 2013100960266A CN 201310096026 A CN201310096026 A CN 201310096026A CN 103210822 A CN103210822 A CN 103210822A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special full-value nutrition liquid and organic substrate integral cultivating mode for green peppers. Organic wastes, such as crop straws, waste slag after edible fungi cultivating, and feces of livestock, are used as raw material, and are subjected to harmless treatment to form a green pepper cultivating substrate, so as to replace the soil. Full water-soluble fertilizer is prepared into full-value nutrition liquid according to the fertilizer requiring rule of the green pepper, and the water and the nutrients are supplied to the root area of the green pepper in a water and fertilizer integral way. The cultivating mode for planting the green pepper has the advantages that safety is realized, the water and the labor are saved, the cost is low, the management is easy, the raw material of the substrate can be easily obtained, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is high, soil-borne diseases are avoided, and the like. Compared with the green pepper planted in common soil, the green pepper produced by the cultivating mode has the advantages that the yield is high, the fruit is thick, the nutrition ingredients are rich, the content of pesticide residues are low, the taste is good, the number of odd fruits is little, the commodity rate is high, and the like. The cultivating mode disclosed by the invention is used for producing high-yield and high-quality green pepper in the areas where the normal agricultural production cannot be carried out, such as heavy-salt alkaline lands, mountain lean lands and abandoned industrial and mining lands.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention is the supporting technology that is applicable to that cultivation green peppers such as day-light greenhouse or plastic tunnel use.
(2) background technology
Green pepper is the bigger solanaceous vegetables crop of Chinese northern winter warm type day-light greenhouse off-season cultivation in winter area, one of main profitable agriculture in the intensification green house green pepper many areas of production having become.Green pepper is one of solanaceous vegetables of avoiding continuous cropping, and the result of intensification continuous cropping plantation is that green pepper output descends, and the product qualitative change is bad, and soil-borne diseases such as root-knot nematode, fusarium wilt, root rot, bacterial wilt are more and more serious.In order to keep high yield, the vegetable grower has to control the green pepper disease by a large amount of agricultural chemicals that use.Concentrate plantation and long-term irrational Application Ratio year after year, make the soil nutrient imbalance, fertilizer utilization ratio constantly descends, the vegetable grower must keep the green pepper high yield by dropping into a large amount of fertilizer, not only cause production cost to increase, also make the soil salt accumulation, the continuation production of harm green pepper.
At above problem, the invention provides a kind of organic wastes such as waste residue behind agricultural crop straw, the edible fungus culturing, excrement of animals, vinasse, furfural dregs that utilize, through harmless treatment, organic substrate as the green pepper cultivation, in order to replace soil, in conjunction with the special nutrient fluid of the research of the demand rule of nutritive element being prepared according to green pepper, with the cultivation mode of liquid manure integrated technique at green house plantation green pepper, through the greenhouse cultivation test, obtain good result.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention relates to green pepper special nutrient fluid and organic culture substrate.
1, nutrient solution preparation: according in the green pepper growth and development process demand research of nutritive element being obtained each concentration of element (as follows) in the nutrient solution.Each element obtains the compounds such as the nitrate of lime more than technical grade, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate or ammonium nitrate, ferrous sulfate or chelated iron, manganese sulphate, boric acid or borax, zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate respectively.In practical operation, become the weight and the accurately weighing of required compound according to the concentration conversion of each element in the nutrient solution, being dissolved in water becomes to make concentrate.When green pepper need apply fertilizer, add the clear water dilution and become needed concentration for 100 times, apply green pepper root system zone by drip irrigation.
Each the concentrating of nutrients that comprises in the green pepper full-valence nutrition liquor involved in the present invention is as follows:
N：180-320PPM
P：30-55PPM
K：310-365PPM
Ca：130-250PPM
Mg：35-55PPM
Fe：4-7PPM
Mn：1-3.5PPM
B：2-6PPM
Cu：0.1-0.3PPM
Zn:0.2-0.4PPM
Mo:0.02-0.05PPM
2, organic substrate is made: the raw material of green pepper organic culture substrate involved in the present invention has various agricultural crop straws, perhaps edible mushroom waste residue, perhaps cow dung, perhaps organic wastes such as bagasse or vinasse or furfural dregs, by harmless treatments such as hot fermentations, kill harmful microorganism in the raw material, insect ovum etc., and make its chemical property stable, in the green pepper planting process, can not produce strong the interference the green pepper nutrient solution.
3, the preparation of cultivation matrix groove: according to the plant and the root system size of green pepper, excavation bottom width 40-50cm on the ground in the greenhouse, wide 70cm suitable for reading, the groove of dark 15cm.Center distance is about 140cm between groove.Groove is a south-north direction.Cultivation matrix is filled groove, and on groove, play the micro-ridge of an about 20cm above ground level.On the matrix ridge, lay drip irrigation pipe then, on cover plastic film, reach and prevent water supply in media evaporation, reduce humidity in the canopy, reduce the purpose of disease.Borehole plantation two row green peppers on plastic film.
Water, apply fertilizer to green pepper by the proprietary formula nutrient solution, the green pepper of producing has output height, thick, nutritious, residual low, the characteristics such as mouthfeel good, malformed fruit is few, commodity rate height of farming of pulp.
Excellent results of the invention process is as follows:
In the absorbing rule of different growing stage to nutritive element, and local quality of irrigation water characteristics design different nutrient prescriptions, help the green pepper plant at the nutrient supply that the different hair tonic stages of educating obtain suiting, and its stalwartness is grown according to green pepper.
The raw material that is used to make the green pepper organic culture substrate is very abundant and cheap, as various stalks, leaf, excrement of animals, edible mushroom waste residue, furfural dregs, vinasse etc., all can both turn waste into wealth in order to make matrix, has beautified environment again.The raw material of maker matter in order to replace soil, has been avoided soil-borne disease after harmless treatment.
The present invention plants green pepper with single-matrix, makes easylier, and cost is cheaper, thereby easier applying;
Use the liquid manure integrated technique and use nutrient solution, fertilising safety, convenient, saving of work and time.Because nutrient solution prescription is suitable for the green pepper growth, the nutrient element overwhelming majority is absorbed and used, and utilization rate of fertilizer reaches more than 80%, and the irrigation water availability reaches more than 90%;
Green pepper root system zone is local supplies nutrient solution in right amount, and the water supply position is covered with plastic film, makes the green pepper planting environment neatly dry and comfortable, and disease is rare.Compare with the normal soil plantation, pesticide dosage reduces more than 70%, the agricultural residual national pollution-free food quality requirements that is lower than significantly of green pepper;
The local development green pepper high yield and high quality production of normal agricultural tillage can not carried out, as heavy saline, mountain ridge unfertile land, discarded industrial and mineral ground etc.
Embodiment:
The compound of wanting required for the present invention is all commercially available to be obtained, and technology involved in the present invention is routine techniques if no special instructions.
Embodiment 1: green pepper full price special nutrient fluid, and the concentration of each nutritive element in nutrient solution is as follows:
N：210PPM
P：35PPM
K：320PPM
Ca：150PPM
Mg：42PPM
Fe：3PPM
Mn：1.5PM
B：2.5PPM
Cu：0.1PPM
Zn：0.2PPM
Mo：0.02PPM
Above each nutritive element concentration conversion in nutrient solution is become the weight of all cpds, and accurately weighing is made into concentrated nutrient solution earlier.When needs apply fertilizer to green pepper, concentrate is added the clear water dilution become needed concentration for 100 times, apply green pepper root system zone by drip irrigation.With the hen house rice husk bedding and padding of harmless treatment as cultivation matrix.With the normal soil plantation in contrast.Contrast is identical with the amount of nutrients that processing applies.
Embodiment 2: green pepper full price special nutrient fluid, and its nutrient content is as follows:
N：170PPM
P：32PPM
K：265PPM
Ca：140PPM
Mg：35PPM
Fe：5PPM
Mn：4PM
B：1.5PPM
Cu：0.18PPM
Zn：0.4PPM
Mo：0.04PPM
In same greenhouse, use the nutrient solution and the organic mass cultivation green pepper of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 preparations respectively, with traditional soil species implant model in contrast, cultivate same kind, the total nutrient content of using is identical, and identical daily management measure.
The effect of above embodiment 1～2 and contrast is as follows:
Claims (1)
1. the integrated cultivation mode of the special-purpose full-valence nutrition liquor organic substrate of a green pepper is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) nutrient solution is made: each the concentrating of nutrients is to obtain according to the demand to nutritive element in the green pepper growth and development process in the green pepper special nutrient fluid, obtains the nitrate of lime more than technical grade, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, chelated iron, manganese sulphate, boric acid or borax, zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate and the sodium molybdate compound respectively; According to the concentration weighing institute corresponding compounds of required each element in the nutrient solution, add the clear water dissolving and make concentrate earlier; When needs apply fertilizer to green pepper, the concentrate thin up is become needed concentration, apply green pepper root system zone by drip irrigation;
The concentrating of nutrients that comprises in the green pepper full-valence nutrition liquor involved in the present invention is as follows:
N：180-320PPM
P：30-55PPM
K：310-365PPM
Ca：130-250PPM
Mg：35-55PPM
Fe：4-7PPM
Mn：1-3.5PPM
B：2-6PPM
Cu：0.1-0.3PPM
Zn：0.2-0.4PPM
Mo：0.02-0.05PPM；
2) organic substrate is made: organic culture substrate raw material involved in the present invention is agricultural crop straw or edible mushroom waste residue or cow dung or bagasse or vinasse or furfural dregs, by harmless treatments such as conventional hot fermentations, kill harmful microorganism and insect ovum in the matrix, make its stable in properties;
3) preparation of cultivation matrix groove: the ground excavation bottom width 40-50cm in greenhouse by solar heat, wide 70cm suitable for reading, the groove of dark 15cm south-north direction; Center distance is 140cm between groove; Cultivation matrix is filled up groove, and on groove, play the micro-ridge of a 20cm above ground level; On the matrix ridge, lay drip irrigation pipe, on cover plastic film; The staggered plantation two row green peppers of borehole on plastic film; Every capable green pepper is apart from matrix ridge edge 5cm.
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| CN2013100960266A CN103210822A (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2013-03-25 | Special full-value nutrition liquid and organic substrate integral cultivating mode for green peppers |
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| CN2013100960266A CN103210822A (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2013-03-25 | Special full-value nutrition liquid and organic substrate integral cultivating mode for green peppers |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583342A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 苏州维登农业有限公司 | Method for soiless cultivation planting of hot pepper in greenhouse |
| CN103918531A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Solanaceous vegetable culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN105145309A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 山东农业大学 | Integrated ecological strawberry cultivation method for reducing pest and disease damage and improving fruit quality |
| CN105340532A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-24 | 安徽新源农业科技有限公司 | Integrated full-automatic control planting method of peppers by utilizing integration of water and fertilizer |
| CN106278461A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 桂东县山里青现代农业科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of pepper planting fertilizer and preparation and application thereof |
| CN106613216A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 潜山县思迈农业科技有限公司 | Water and fertilizer integrated planting method for greenhouse peppers |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583342A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 苏州维登农业有限公司 | Method for soiless cultivation planting of hot pepper in greenhouse |
| CN103918531A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Solanaceous vegetable culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103918531B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-12-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN105145309A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 山东农业大学 | Integrated ecological strawberry cultivation method for reducing pest and disease damage and improving fruit quality |
| CN105340532A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-24 | 安徽新源农业科技有限公司 | Integrated full-automatic control planting method of peppers by utilizing integration of water and fertilizer |
| CN106278461A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 桂东县山里青现代农业科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of pepper planting fertilizer and preparation and application thereof |
| CN106613216A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 潜山县思迈农业科技有限公司 | Water and fertilizer integrated planting method for greenhouse peppers |
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Application publication date: 20130724 |