CN103208665A - Battery pack temperature control system and corresponding battery pack temperature control method - Google Patents
Battery pack temperature control system and corresponding battery pack temperature control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103208665A CN103208665A CN2013101549882A CN201310154988A CN103208665A CN 103208665 A CN103208665 A CN 103208665A CN 2013101549882 A CN2013101549882 A CN 2013101549882A CN 201310154988 A CN201310154988 A CN 201310154988A CN 103208665 A CN103208665 A CN 103208665A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a battery pack temperature control system and a corresponding battery pack temperature control method. Based on the control on the temperature of a heat-exchange medium, the battery pack temperature control system comprises a control unit, a detecting unit and an execution unit, wherein threshold values of the average temperature, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of a battery pack and calculating and comparing programs are stored in the control unit; the detecting unit is used for detecting temperature values of all points of the battery pack in real time and transmitting the detected temperature values to the control unit in real time; the execution unit is used for controlling the temperature and the flow of the heat-exchange medium; and when the control unit compares the values obtained by calculation with the threshold values stored in the control unit, a control signal is sent to the execution unit to contorl the temperature of the battery pack by changing the flow and the temperature of the heat-exchange medium. The battery pack temperature control system has the advantages that the structure is simple, and the best performance of batteries can be guaranteed and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged. The battery pack temperature control system and the corresponding battery pack temperature control method are applicable to various electric automobiles and are used for controlling the temperature of the battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicular field, relate generally to a kind of control system, relate in particular to a kind of battery pack temperature control system.The invention still further relates to the control method of corresponding battery pack temperature.
Technical background
Progress along with development of science and technology and society, automobile has become the vehicles important in people's daily life, along with the sale of vehicle increases year by year, the vehicle energy resource consumption also constantly increases, thing followed energy resource consumption also becomes current important topic, and the petroleum-based energy of automobile burning consumption faces exhaustion already, therefore for energy-saving and emission-reduction, at present a lot of vehicle production producers power research and development electric automobile all is namely by the power source of lithium battery as vehicle.And owing to can produce the accumulation of heat in the lithium battery power supply process, in case accumulation of heat just might cause power system failure to certain degree, even initiation fire, vehicle and occupant are caused serious injury.Simultaneously, because the power brick that vehicle uses is combined by a plurality of battery cells, therefore, the power brick temperature is low excessively during vehicle launch, perhaps exists the temperature difference too big between each battery pack during vehicle operating, all can cause the life-span decay of power brick.
For fear of the generation of above-mentioned situation, must be equipped with Temperature-controlled appliance to battery pack, reach best runnability and useful life to guarantee battery pack.There is a kind of temperature control system to battery in the prior art, can control the temperature of power brick in a reasonable range, but the energy that need consume during this temperature control system work is bigger, and system works generally has battery pack that electric energy is provided, and the life-span of battery pack is limited, the charge and discharge circulation life that is battery is fixed, and utilizes battery set charge/discharge to come the operating temperature control system, can shorten the life-span of battery itself.
In order not use battery power supply itself, a kind of temperature control system of utilizing solar cell for supplying power is provided in the prior art, necessarily reduce the use to the battery of vehicle own on the meaning, but the cost height of solar cell, and utilize the temperature control system of solar cell to make system that formation is more complicated, increased the possibility of global failure, and run into rainy weather, solar energy just can't be worked, and just need utilize other system to come collaborative work, to the control of battery temperature with regard to inaccuracy.
In addition, the control device of different temperature control systems is also different, for example there is a kind of control device to battery temperature in the prior art, this control device then is difference testing environment temperature and battery temperature, the threshold value that battery temperature and ambient temperature are arranged in the control system storage inside then, make corresponding control according to the comparison result of detected temperatures and storage threshold, the shortcoming of this control method is thermometric more single, is not very accurate for control.And in order to make control more accurate, more existing control devices are by control that the threshold value of storing in the mean value of battery pack and the control system is compared, there is shortcoming equally in this control mode: at first, do not come to a conclusion in the present industry of the setting of the threshold point of battery temperature; Secondly, though this control device has certain effect, but mean temperature can not reflect the temperature conditions of each batteries monomer, because each batteries monomer is in individual difference, therefore in the battery operation process, the temperature of each battery cell also there are differences, if certain battery cell is than other battery cell temperature height, because the temperature of battery raises, reaction speed is accelerated, and 1 ℃ of the every rising of battery cell temperature, the failure rate increase is about 7%, 10 ℃ of the every risings of temperature, its catagen speed just increases by 1 times.And the life-span of battery pack is exactly depended on the battery cell that arrives end of life the earliest, i.e. the fastest battery cell of catagen speed, and therefore, the catagen speed of whole battery group also can increase thereupon.
In addition, in the existing control system, separate for cooling system and the heating system of battery, so not only make system constitute more huge, control is more complicated, the failure rate of simultaneity factor also can significantly improve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, provide a kind of battery pack temperature control system, it will cool off and heating system rolls into one, the temperature of battery pack is measured in real time in the time of can be to vehicle operating, and according to self program stored the temperature of battery pack is adjusted, guarantee that battery pack is in best running status, prolongs the useful life of battery pack;
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of control system method of battery pack temperature.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of battery pack temperature control system, the control based on the heat exchanging medium temperature comprises:
Control unit, storage inside have threshold value, the battery pack temperature value peak of battery cell mean temperature threshold value, battery pack temperature minimum point threshold value, battery pack temperature is the highest and the threshold value of minimum temperature difference, and calculates the comparison program;
Detecting unit, be used for detecting in real time the temperature value of battery pack each point, and the temperature value that detects is real-time transmitted to control unit, control unit is found out the temperature value at the temperature peak place of detected battery pack, the temperature value at temperature minimum point place in the temperature information that receives, and calculate the difference of the temperature value at the temperature value at temperature peak place and temperature minimum point place and the average temperature value of battery pack;
Performance element, be used for control heat exchange medium temperature and flow, after control unit is compared the numerical value that calculates and the threshold value that goes out storage in it, send control signal to performance element by changing heat transferring medium flow and the temperature of temperature and then control battery pack.
As limitation of the invention: described detecting unit comprises at least four temperature sensors, be located at the water inlet that heat transferring medium flows into battery pack for one in the temperature sensor, be located at the delivery port place that heat transferring medium flows out battery pack for one, remaining is distributed in the battery pack.
As to another kind of restriction the of the present invention: described performance element is included under the control of control unit, be used for the water pump of control heat transferring medium flow, and under the control of control unit, for the heater of control heat exchange medium temperature, described water pump is provided with full gear and middling speed retaining; Heater is located on the pipeline between water pump and the battery pack.
A kind of control method of battery pack temperature may further comprise the steps:
One, collecting temperature information: by detecting unit gather respectively the battery pack difference temperature value, flow into the temperature value of the heat transferring medium of battery pack and the temperature value that flows out the heat transferring medium of battery pack;
Two, control unit is made corresponding control: control unit calculates comparison with each temperature value in the step 1 that receives according to himself program stored, control actuator afterwards by the temperature adjustment of heat exchanging medium, and then the temperature of control battery pack.
As the restriction to above-mentioned control method: described step 2 may further comprise the steps
(1) finds out the maximum temperature value T of battery pack in the temperature information
HAnd minimum temperature value T
L
(2) the maximum temperature value T that obtains in the calculation procedure ()
HWith minimum temperature value T
LDifference △ T, and the threshold value of storing in △ T and the control unit compared;
(3) calculate the mean temperature T-of all battery cells
Ave, and with mean temperature T-
AveCompare with the threshold value of storing in the control unit;
(4) control unit is made corresponding control according to the comparison result among step (two), (three).
As the further restriction to said method: the control that control unit is made in the described step (four) may further comprise the steps:
(1) judge the magnitude relationship of △ T and 6 ℃, if △ is T≤6 ℃ then execution in step (2), otherwise execution in step (3);
(2) judge T-
AveWith 25 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T-
Ave+〉=25 ℃ of execution in step A then namely judge T
HMagnitude relationship with preset threshold in the control unit; Otherwise execution in step B namely judges T
LMagnitude relationship with preset threshold in the main control unit;
(3) judge the magnitude relationship of △ T and 10 ℃, if △ is T 〉=10 ℃ then catastrophe failure appears in the control unit alarm, and lasting 5s alarm condition, independently disconnect contactor in the major loop by BMS simultaneously; Otherwise control unit is given control unit for vehicle to sending fault-signal, and the alarm driver carries out maintenance work simultaneously.
As the further restriction to said method: described steps A may further comprise the steps:
(a1) judge T
HWith 50 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=50 ℃ then control unit control report to the police and follow-up power down process etc. otherwise execution in step (a2);
(a2) judge T
HWith 40 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=40 ℃ then control unit control water pump open full gear, the flow that increases heat transferring medium cools off battery, otherwise execution in step (a3);
(a3) judge T
HWith 35 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=35 ℃ then control unit control water pump open the middling speed retaining, the flow that suitably increases heat transferring medium cools off battery, otherwise step 1 is got back to by system.
Limit as the another kind to said method: described step B may further comprise the steps:
(b1) judge T
LWith-10 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
L≤-10 ℃ then control unit report to the police and follow-up power down process etc. otherwise execution in step (b2);
(b2) judge T
LWith 0 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
L≤ 0 ℃ of control unit control starting mode of pump full gear then, control heater heat exchanging medium heats simultaneously, and then increases the temperature of battery pack, otherwise execution in step (b3);
(b3) judge T
LWith 15 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
LSoviet Union's retaining during≤15 ℃ then control unit control water pump is opened, control heater heat exchanging medium heats simultaneously, and then suitably increases the temperature of battery pack, otherwise the water pump stall, heater stops heating, gets back to step 1.
The present invention can reach following technique effect owing to adopt above technical scheme:
(1) battery pack temperature control system of the present invention, temperature sensor two import department and exits of being located at the heat transferring medium inflow and flowing out battery pack wherein with detecting unit, remaining is distributed in the battery pack, therefore can detect the temperature of the battery cell of battery pack diverse location, and can draw the temperature value of battery pack maximum temperature point, the temperature value of minimum temperature point, the difference of maximum temperature point and minimum temperature point, and the average temperature value of battery pack, after above-mentioned each temperature value corresponding threshold of storing in the above-mentioned temperature value that obtains and the control unit compared, control unit just can be made control to actuator, and then can accurately control the temperature of battery pack;
(2) the present invention is to the control of battery pack temperature, control by the heat exchanging medium temperature realizes, and battery pack temperature control system of the present invention not only can be by increasing heat transferring medium flow to the battery pack control of lowering the temperature, simultaneously can be by the heating heat transferring medium, and the flow that increases heat transferring medium is finished the intensification control to battery pack, a system namely can finish battery pack is heated up, the control of cooling, system constitutes simple, failure rate is low, and the electric energy of consuming cells group not, therefore can guarantee the optimum performance of battery pack, prolong the useful life of battery pack.
In sum, battery pack temperature control system of the present invention constitutes simple, can guarantee the optimum performance of battery and prolong the useful life of battery pack.
Battery pack temperature control system of the present invention and control method are applicable to various motor vehicles, are used for the temperature of battery pack is controlled.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the invention is to the flow chart of vehicle operating mode control method.
Among the figure: 1-control unit, 2-detecting unit, 3-tank for coolant, 4-water pump, 5-heater, 6-battery pack.
Embodiment
EmbodimentThe control method of a kind of battery pack temperature control system and corresponding battery pack temperature
The temperature control system of I, a kind of battery pack, it constitutes as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
Detecting unit 2 is used for detecting in real time the temperature value of each temperature detecting point of battery pack, and will detect temperature value be real-time transmitted to control unit.Present embodiment adopts temperature sensor as detecting unit 2, and four temperature sensors are installed at least, during layout a temperature sensor is located at the water inlet of heat transferring medium inflow battery pack, a temperature sensor is located at the delivery port place that heat transferring medium flows out battery pack, remaining temperature sensor is distributed in the battery pack (more accurate in order to control, can a temperature sensor all be set to each battery cell, and the heat transferring medium of present embodiment adopts freezing liquid).
Temperature sensor in the present embodiment is real-time transmitted to control unit with detected temperature value, the temperature value that the temperature peak that control unit utilizes self program stored can find out detected battery pack in the temperature information that receives goes out, the temperature value at temperature minimum point place, and utilize self program stored to calculate the difference of the temperature value at temperature value that the temperature peak goes out and temperature minimum point place and the average temperature value of battery pack.
Performance element, be used for control coolant temperature and flow, present embodiment comprises water pump 4 and heater 5, and wherein water pump 4 is provided with full gear and middling speed retaining, and it can be located in the container of splendid attire cooling fluid, be in the tank for coolant 3, control is sent control signal after control unit is compared the numerical value that calculates and the threshold value that goes out to store in it, select to close according to the control signal that control unit 1 sends, or open full gear or middling speed retaining, and then change the flow of cooling fluid; Heater 5 opens or cuts out according to the control of control unit on the pipeline between water pump and the battery pack, is used for changing the temperature of cooling fluid to performance element.By the change to coolant rate and temperature, and then the temperature of change battery pack group.
The control method of II, a kind of battery pack temperature realizes by aforesaid battery pack temperature control system.As shown in Figure 2, this control method may further comprise the steps:
One, collecting temperature information: by detecting unit gather respectively the different battery cells of battery pack temperature value, flow into the temperature value of the cooling fluid of battery pack and the temperature value that flows out the cooling fluid of battery pack;
Two, control unit is made corresponding control: control unit calculates comparison with each temperature value in the step 1 that receives according to himself program stored, controls actuator afterwards by the temperature adjustment to cooling fluid, and then the temperature of control battery pack.May further comprise the steps:
(1) finds out the maximum temperature value T of battery pack in the temperature information
HAnd minimum temperature value T
L
(2) the maximum temperature value T that obtains in the calculation procedure ()
HWith minimum temperature value T
LDifference △ T, and the threshold value of storing in △ T and the control unit compared;
(3) calculate the mean temperature T-of all battery cells
Ave, and with mean temperature T-
Ave+Compare with the threshold value of storing in the control unit;
(4) control unit is made corresponding control according to the comparison result among step (two), (three), and concrete control may further comprise the steps:
(1) judge the magnitude relationship of △ T and 6 ℃, if △ is T≤6 ℃ then execution in step (2), otherwise execution in step (3).
(2) judge T-
AveWith 25 ℃ magnitude relationship, if
1. T-
AveThen carry out following steps A, judge T for 〉=25 ℃
HWith the magnitude relationship of preset threshold in the control unit, steps A may further comprise the steps (a1) ~ (a3):
(a1) judge T
HWith 50 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=50 ℃ of then control unit control warnings, simultaneity factor independently disconnects contactor in the major loop by BMS, and (such power operation need be controlled jointly with the car load control device, because of different vehicle-states as climbing etc., directly outage can produce danger such as slide slope), otherwise execution in step (a2);
(a2) judge T
HWith 40 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=40 ℃ then control unit control water pump open full gear, the flow that increases cooling fluid cools off battery, otherwise execution in step (a3);
(a3) judge T
HWith 35 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=35 ℃ then control unit control water pump open the middling speed retaining, the flow that suitably increases cooling fluid cools off battery, otherwise step 1 is got back to by system.
2. T-
Ave〉=25 ℃, then execution in step B namely judges T
LMagnitude relationship with preset threshold in the main control unit; Step B may further comprise the steps (b1) ~ (b3):
(b1) judge T
LWith-10 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
L≤-10 ℃ then control unit report to the police, simultaneity factor independently disconnects contactor in the major loop by BMS, and (such power operation need be controlled jointly with the car load control device, because of different vehicle-states as climbing etc., directly outage can produce danger such as slide slope), otherwise execution in step (b2);
(b2) judge T
LWith 0 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
L≤ 0 ℃ of control unit control starting mode of pump full gear then, control heater heats cooling fluid simultaneously, and then increases the temperature of battery pack, otherwise execution in step (b3);
(b3) judge T
LWith 15 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
LSoviet Union's retaining during≤15 ℃ then control unit control water pump is opened, control heater heats cooling fluid simultaneously, and then suitably increases the temperature of battery pack, otherwise the water pump stall, heater stops heating, gets back to step 1.
(3) judge the magnitude relationship of △ T and 10 ℃, if △ were T 〉=10 ℃ then catastrophe failure appears in the control unit alarm, and lasting 5s alarm condition, simultaneity factor independently disconnects contactor in the major loop by BMS, and (such power operation need be controlled jointly with the car load control device, because of different vehicle-states as climbing etc., directly outage can produce danger such as slide slope); Otherwise control unit is given control unit for vehicle to sending fault-signal, and the alarm driver carries out maintenance work simultaneously.
The battery pack temperature control system of present embodiment constitutes simple, and failure rate is low, and is because the temperature value that detects is more, also more accurate for the control of battery temperature simultaneously, can effectively guarantee serviceability and the useful life of battery.
Claims (8)
1. battery pack temperature control system based on the control of heat exchanging medium temperature, is characterized in that it comprises:
Control unit, storage inside have threshold value, the battery pack temperature value peak of battery cell mean temperature threshold value, battery pack temperature minimum point threshold value, battery pack temperature is the highest and the threshold value of minimum temperature difference, and calculates the comparison program;
Detecting unit, be used for detecting in real time the temperature value of battery pack each point, and the temperature value that detects is real-time transmitted to control unit, control unit is found out the temperature value at the temperature peak place of detected battery pack, the temperature value at temperature minimum point place in the temperature information that receives, and calculate the difference of the temperature value at the temperature value at temperature peak place and temperature minimum point place and the average temperature value of battery pack;
Performance element, be used for control heat exchange medium temperature and flow, after control unit is compared the numerical value that calculates and the threshold value that goes out storage in it, send control signal to performance element by changing heat transferring medium flow and the temperature of temperature and then control battery pack.
2. battery pack temperature control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detecting unit comprises at least four temperature sensors, be located at the water inlet that heat transferring medium flows into battery pack for one in the temperature sensor, be located at the delivery port place that heat transferring medium flows out battery pack for one, remaining is distributed in the battery pack.
3. battery pack temperature control system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described performance element is included under the control of control unit, be used for the water pump of control heat transferring medium flow, and under the control of control unit, for the heater of control heat exchange medium temperature, described water pump is provided with full gear and middling speed retaining; Heater is located on the pipeline between water pump and the battery pack.
4. the control method of a battery pack temperature is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
One, collecting temperature information: by detecting unit gather respectively the battery pack difference temperature value, flow into the temperature value of the heat transferring medium of battery pack and the temperature value that flows out the heat transferring medium of battery pack;
Two, control unit is made corresponding control: control unit calculates comparison with each temperature value in the step 1 that receives according to himself program stored, control actuator afterwards by the temperature adjustment of heat exchanging medium, and then the temperature of control battery pack.
5. the control method of battery pack temperature according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described step 2 may further comprise the steps
(1) finds out the maximum temperature value T of battery pack in the temperature information
HAnd minimum temperature value T
L
(2) the maximum temperature value T that obtains in the calculation procedure ()
HWith minimum temperature value T
LDifference △ T, and the threshold value of storing in △ T and the control unit compared;
(3) calculate the mean temperature T-of all battery cells
Ave, and with mean temperature T-
AveCompare with the threshold value of storing in the control unit;
(4) control unit is made corresponding control according to the comparison result among step (two), (three).
6. the control method of battery pack temperature according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the control that control unit is made in the described step (four) may further comprise the steps:
(1) judge the magnitude relationship of △ T and 6 ℃, if △ is T≤6 ℃ then execution in step (2), otherwise execution in step (3);
(2) judge T-
AveWith 25 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T-
Ave〉=25 ℃ of execution in step A then namely judge T
HMagnitude relationship with preset threshold in the control unit; Otherwise execution in step B namely judges T
LMagnitude relationship with preset threshold in the main control unit;
(3) judge the magnitude relationship of △ T and 10 ℃, if △ is T 〉=10 ℃ then catastrophe failure appears in the control unit alarm, and lasting 5s alarm condition, independently disconnect contactor in the major loop by BMS simultaneously; Otherwise control unit is given control unit for vehicle to sending fault-signal, and the alarm driver carries out maintenance work simultaneously.
7. the control method of battery pack temperature according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described steps A may further comprise the steps:
(a1) judge T
HWith 50 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=50 ℃ then control unit control report to the police and follow-up power down process etc. otherwise execution in step (a2);
(a2) judge T
HWith 40 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=40 ℃ then control unit control water pump open full gear, the flow that increases heat transferring medium cools off battery, otherwise execution in step (a3);
(a3) judge T
HWith 35 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
H〉=35 ℃ then control unit control water pump open the middling speed retaining, the flow that suitably increases heat transferring medium cools off battery, otherwise step 1 is got back to by system.
8. according to the control method of claim 6 or 7 described battery pack temperatures, it is characterized in that: described step B may further comprise the steps:
(b1) judge T
LWith-10 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
L≤-10 ℃ then control unit report to the police and follow-up power down process etc. otherwise execution in step (b2);
(b2) judge T
LWith 0 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
L≤ 0 ℃ of control unit control starting mode of pump full gear then, control heater heat exchanging medium heats simultaneously, and then increases the temperature of battery pack, otherwise execution in step (b3);
(b3) judge T
LWith 15 ℃ magnitude relationship, if T
LSoviet Union's retaining during≤15 ℃ then control unit control water pump is opened, control heater heat exchanging medium heats simultaneously, and then suitably increases the temperature of battery pack, otherwise the water pump stall, heater stops heating, gets back to step 1.
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