CN101577353A - Automobile battery thermal management system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Automobile battery thermal management system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101577353A CN101577353A CNA2009100507496A CN200910050749A CN101577353A CN 101577353 A CN101577353 A CN 101577353A CN A2009100507496 A CNA2009100507496 A CN A2009100507496A CN 200910050749 A CN200910050749 A CN 200910050749A CN 101577353 A CN101577353 A CN 101577353A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile battery thermal management system, which comprises a battery pack consisting of battery units, and cooling fluid is filled among the battery units; an inlet and an outlet of the cooling fluid are connected to two pipelines respectively so as to form a big cycle and a small cycle; the big cycle is connected with a main heat exchanger, the small cycle is connected with a refrigeration unit, a position in which the big cycle pipeline is connected with the small cycle pipeline is provided with a valve, and the big cycle pipeline and the small cycle pipeline are provided with a pump for driving the cooling fluid to flow; in addition, the system also comprises a control unit for acquiring signals of a temperature sensor in the battery pack and controlling other components. The invention also discloses a method for the automobile battery thermal management system, which can ensure that the temperature of the cooling fluid in the battery pack is constant within a proper range. The system and the method can make a battery in a proper temperature environment so as to prolong the service life of a battery system, ensure the safety of the battery system and reduce the using cost of the battery system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile battery thermal management system, the invention still further relates to a kind of method of work of automobile battery thermal management system.
Background technology
In recent years, owing to face the pressure of energy cost and government and consumer pay attention to day by day for environmental protection, hybrid vehicle and electric automobile are with its advantage that can significantly reduce or eliminate exhaust emissions and cut down the consumption of energy, cause the attention of numerous automobile production producer, and drop into the huge fund research and development one after another and promote.Yet power battery technology has but restricted the popularization of hybrid vehicle and electric automobile greatly, becomes the bottleneck of new-energy automobile development.
Electrokinetic cell plays unusual key effect as energy storage device in hybrid vehicle and electric automobile, its performance quality influences the performance of car load greatly.Electrokinetic cell is undertaken forming after the connection in series-parallel by a plurality of battery cells, present electrokinetic cell monomer all can't operate as normal under the environment of extreme low temperature (less than-30 ℃) and thermal extremes (greater than 50 ℃), cause with the electrokinetic cell is that vehicle this moment of energy source also can't operate as normal, make vehicle can't reach the requirement of round-the-clock running, comparing its use with orthodox car has big limitation.
In addition, present electrokinetic cell by tens or a hundreds of battery cell connection in series-parallel form, if a certain battery causes the monomer decreased performance because of aging or other reasons, will cause the performance of whole power battery to decline to a great extent, if a certain battery cell lost efficacy, just might cause the inefficacy of whole power battery.Bring very burden with regard to the maintenance of giving electrokinetic cell like this: if arbitrary battery cell lost efficacy, just must change the entire cell bag, because current battery itself costs an arm and a leg, so just cause the maintenance cost of battery high simultaneously.Cause that the battery cell performance is inconsistent a lot of reasons, and that one of them important reasons is exactly the temperature of each battery cell is unbalanced, causes temperature too high battery cell accelerated ageing or inefficacy.
In addition, high-power energy exchange between electrokinetic cell and other system (comprising that energy injects power brick or energy is exported from power brick), and the power brick partial circuit is when breaking down (as short circuit), power brick may cause potential safety hazard for the operation of vehicle because of the overheated serious accident that causes the deterioration of performance even cause the power brick blast.
The existence of the problems referred to above has all seriously restricted promoting the use of of hybrid vehicle and electric automobile, electrokinetic cell has become the bottleneck of new-energy automobile development at present, each big automobile vendor of the whole world and scientific research institution also drop into substantial contribution and manpower one after another and go to the research work of electrokinetic cell, but develop with regard to present battery technology, the problem that solves electrokinetic cell monomer technology in the short time is still very difficult.
Said automobile comprises electric automobile and hybrid vehicle among the present invention.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of automobile battery thermal management system and method for work thereof, can make battery system remain in the good working environment, prolong the life-span of battery system, guarantee the safety of battery system, reduce the use cost of battery system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of automobile battery thermal management system of the present invention is to comprise:
Power brick, be provided with the battery unit of mutual electrical connection in the described power brick, described battery unit is made up of one or a plurality of battery cells of mutually being electrically connected, described power brick sealed package, each battery unit most of or the space that is filled with cooling fluid all surround, and all spaces that are filled with cooling fluid all are interconnected, be provided with temperature sensor in the described space that is filled with cooling fluid, described power brick is provided with the entrance and exit of cooling fluid, is provided with the heating unit that is immersed in the cooling fluid in the described power brick;
Thereby being connected respectively to, the entrance and exit of described cooling fluid forms two circulations in two pipelines, be respectively systemic circulation and partial circulating, described systemic circulation is the entrance and exit of described power brick cooling fluid and the circulation line that main heat exchanger is formed, described partial circulating is the circulation line that the refrigeration unit that is connected in series in the entrance and exit of described power brick cooling fluid and the pipeline is formed, the position of described systemic circulation and the handing-over of partial circulating pipeline is provided with valve, and described systemic circulation pipeline and partial circulating pipeline are provided with the pump that drives coolant flow;
Also comprise a control unit, described control unit is gathered the signal of described temperature sensor, and controls the operating state of described refrigeration unit and heating unit, and controls described valve to select systemic circulation pipeline or partial circulating pipeline.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of work of above-mentioned automobile battery thermal management system, and its technical scheme is,
When automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels if battery temperature is in, described control unit is not according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control refrigeration unit, heating unit and the working of pump that drive coolant flow; If being higher than, battery temperature makes battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels, described control unit switches valve, make described cooling fluid in the partial circulating pipeline, circulate, and, make that the temperature of cooling fluid is reduced in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control refrigeration unit and the work that drives the pump of coolant flow; If being lower than, battery temperature makes battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels, described control unit is according to the work of the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control heating unit, makes that the temperature of cooling fluid is increased in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels;
After the automobile starting operation, after cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit has been passed through enough preheating or precooling, when circulation circuit can have been realized regulating cell bag temperature function, described control unit switches valve, make cooling fluid in the systemic circulation pipeline, circulate, and control described main heat exchanger and drive the work of the pump of coolant flow according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in the power brick, make that the temperature of cooling fluid remains in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels.
The present invention can make battery be in all the time in the proper temperature environment, thereby has prolonged the useful life of battery system, has guaranteed the safety of battery system, has reduced the use cost of battery system.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of automobile battery thermal management system of the present invention.
Embodiment
The structure of automobile battery thermal management system of the present invention comprises as shown in drawings:
Power brick, be provided with the battery unit of mutual electrical connection in the described power brick, described battery unit is made up of one or a plurality of battery cells of mutually being electrically connected, described power brick sealed package, each battery unit most of or the space that is filled with cooling fluid all surround, and all spaces that are filled with cooling fluid all are interconnected, be provided with temperature sensor in the described space that is filled with cooling fluid, described power brick is provided with the entrance and exit of cooling fluid, is provided with the heating unit that is immersed in the cooling fluid in the described power brick;
Thereby being connected respectively to, the entrance and exit of described cooling fluid forms two circulations in two pipelines, be respectively systemic circulation and partial circulating, described systemic circulation is the entrance and exit of described power brick cooling fluid and the circulation line that main heat exchanger is formed, described partial circulating is the circulation line that the refrigeration unit that is connected in series in the entrance and exit of described power brick cooling fluid and the pipeline is formed, the position of described systemic circulation and the handing-over of partial circulating pipeline is provided with valve, and described systemic circulation pipeline and partial circulating pipeline are provided with the pump that drives coolant flow; Wherein main heat exchanger is exactly the heat-exchange system on the existing automobile, and it is after automobile starting, by automobile engine drive work; Wherein the general refrigeration of main heat exchanger and the power that heats are bigger, and refrigeration can be used air conditioner compressor system, heat heating of cool cycles water or the electric heating that can adopt engine.
Also comprise a control unit, described control unit is gathered the signal of described temperature sensor, and controls the operating state of described refrigeration unit and heating unit, and controls described valve to select systemic circulation pipeline or partial circulating pipeline.
Described power brick skin also is provided with jacket.
Also be provided with solar cell in the described automobile battery thermal management system.
Heating unit in the described immersion cooling fluid is one or more, and these a plurality of heating units evenly distribute in described power brick.
Temperature sensor in the described power brick is one or more, and is evenly distributed in the described power brick.
Described heating unit is an electric heating unit, for example adopts heating wire or PTC at heating unit.
Described refrigeration unit is for adopting the refrigeration unit of compressor, and this is the structure of at present the most conventional refrigerating plant, is widely used in the occasion that for example air-conditioning, refrigerator etc. need freeze.
Described refrigeration unit can also be the refrigeration unit that adopts semiconductor cooling device.This refrigerating plant volume is little, and owing to there is not mechanical moving element, can not produce mechanicalness noise, has been applied to also can adopting in refrigeration unit of the present invention on some small refrigerators.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of work that adopts above-mentioned automobile battery thermal management system,
When automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels if battery temperature is in, described control unit is not according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control refrigeration unit, heating unit and the working of pump that drive coolant flow; If being higher than, battery temperature makes battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels, described control unit switches valve, make described cooling fluid in the partial circulating pipeline, circulate, and, make that the temperature of cooling fluid is reduced in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control refrigeration unit and the work that drives the pump of coolant flow; If being lower than, battery temperature makes battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels, described control unit is according to the work of the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control heating unit, makes that the temperature of cooling fluid is increased in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels;
After the automobile starting operation, after cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit has been passed through enough preheating or precooling, when circulation circuit can have been realized regulating cell bag temperature function, described control unit switches valve, make cooling fluid in the systemic circulation pipeline, circulate, and control described main heat exchanger and drive the work of the pump of coolant flow according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in the power brick, make that the temperature of cooling fluid remains in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels.
When automobile does not start, and when the temperature of cooling fluid was crossed automobile under the low situation and just started in power brick, the temperature of automobile engine was not elevated to enough height as yet.If the temperature of cooling fluid is low excessively in the power brick, and this moment automobile engine temperature be not enough to improve the temperature of cooling fluid in the power brick, can not switch to systemic circulation this moment.Except above-mentioned situation, if the temperature of cooling fluid is low excessively in the power brick, the cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is enough to improve the temperature of cooling fluid in the power brick, and can carry out adjustment to cooling fluid in the power brick this moment by systemic circulation.
When automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, the pump of described control unit, refrigeration unit, heating unit and driving coolant flow is powered by described power brick.
Described control unit is also controlled described solar cell described battery cell is charged.
When automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, the pump of described control unit, refrigeration unit, heating unit and driving coolant flow is by described solar cell for supplying power.
When automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels if having only the temperature information of portion temperature transducer to be lower than in the described power brick in a plurality of temperature sensors, described control unit is controlled near the heating unit work these portion temperature transducers, makes that the temperature of cooling fluid is increased in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels.
Among the present invention, heating unit is owing to immerse in the cooling fluid of power brick fully, when using heating unit that power brick is heated, can start the pump of valve and driving coolant flow, if have only local part to need heating, also can start whole heating units, only the low excessively part of temperature be heated, can further save the consumption of energy.
Sometimes because cloudy day or evening, cause the sunray deficiency, when automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, if the electric energy of solar cell is not enough to the pump of described control unit, refrigeration unit, heating unit and driving coolant flow is powered, described control unit control is powered to the pump of described control unit, refrigeration unit, heating unit and driving coolant flow by described power brick.
In the present invention; the power of refrigeration unit and heating unit is all smaller; mainly be to realize under the stopped status; be that automobile is not when starting; and at the automobile starting initial operating stage; cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, the heat insulation function of battery under the situation in the time of still can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function.And the power ratio of main heat exchanger is bigger, mainly is battery cooling and heating function when realizing that automobile normally moves.
Battery unit in the power brick all keeps certain distance to each other, not directly contact between its shell, battery unit immerses in the cooling fluid, so not only can make battery unit and cooling fluid that bigger thermocontact area is arranged, guarantee battery unit and cooling fluid heat-shift apace, the temperature of all battery units is consistent, thereby improves the performance and the useful life of battery; Thereby and take place to avoid when overheated the heat of its generation to be directly delivered to other battery units at some battery units to cause chain reaction, make overheated this battery unit that is confined to, improved the coefficient of safety of power brick greatly.
Battery unit is placed in the power brick, has been full of cooling fluid in the space of battery unit and power brick and has arranged one or more temperature sensors so that measure battery temperature, and the power brick good seal prevents that the cooling fluid leakage from causing potential safety hazard.Stay a cooling fluid inlet and cooling liquid outlet on the power brick, so that realize circulating of cooling fluid.Power brick covers one deck jacket outward, and this jacket can reduce battery and extraneous exchange heat, realizes the battery heat insulation function, makes battery need less energy just can maintain suitable temperature at extreme low temperature or following of high-temperature condition.
In the vehicle ' process, battery generally all can produce a large amount of heats, and at this time electronic control unit judges whether to start systemic circulation according to conditions such as the temperature of ambient temperature and battery, coolant temperatures.
After vehicle quits work, control unit still works on, can judge whether to start partial circulating according to conditions such as ambient temperature and battery temperatures on the one hand, when ambient temperature is too high, start refrigeration unit, ambient temperature is crossed and is started heating unit when hanging down, electrokinetic cell just can remain under the good situation for a long time like this, and when vehicle need start once more, the driver just can start vehicle rapidly and need not to wait for that battery slowly returns to suitable working temperature; Under the situation of solar cell power generation, can charge on the other hand to electrokinetic cell.
Solar cell can be installed on the vehicle front windshield, back air regulator, roof or other are easy to install, layout and maintaining or be easy to accept the position of sunlight, it just can generate electricity under well-lighted situation, after direct current transducer improves voltage to the electrokinetic cell electric energy supplement, the SOC that the power consumption of avoiding vehicle to park the back electrokinetic cell for a long time too much causes battery can not remain on normal working temperature and battery declines to a great extent, cause the vehicle cisco unity malfunction, solar cell generates electricity in the vehicle ' process simultaneously, so it also can improve the continual mileage of vehicle, reduce the consumption of energy.
When refrigeration unit and heating unit work, when the solar cell electricity can satisfy the needs of refrigeration unit or heating unit, refrigeration unit and heating unit just consumed the electric energy that solar cell produces; As deficiency, just the electric energy of refrigeration unit and the savings of heating unit consumption of power battery.
In sum, the present invention can make battery be in all the time in the proper temperature environment, thereby has prolonged the useful life of battery system, has guaranteed the safety of battery system, has reduced the use cost of battery system.
Claims (14)
1. an automobile battery thermal management system is characterized in that, comprising:
Power brick, be provided with the battery unit of mutual electrical connection in the described power brick, described battery unit is made up of one or a plurality of battery cells of mutually being electrically connected, described power brick sealed package, each battery unit most of or the space that is filled with cooling fluid all surround, and all spaces that are filled with cooling fluid all are interconnected, be provided with temperature sensor in the described space that is filled with cooling fluid, described power brick is provided with the entrance and exit of cooling fluid, is provided with the heating unit that is immersed in the cooling fluid in the described power brick;
Thereby being connected respectively to, the entrance and exit of described cooling fluid forms two circulations in two pipelines, be respectively systemic circulation and partial circulating, described systemic circulation is the entrance and exit of described power brick cooling fluid and the circulation line that main heat exchanger is formed, described partial circulating is the circulation line that the refrigeration unit that is connected in series in the entrance and exit of described power brick cooling fluid and the pipeline is formed, the position of described systemic circulation and the handing-over of partial circulating pipeline is provided with valve, and described systemic circulation pipeline and partial circulating pipeline are provided with the pump that drives coolant flow;
Also comprise a control unit, described control unit is gathered the signal of described temperature sensor, and controls the operating state of described refrigeration unit and heating unit, and controls described valve to select systemic circulation pipeline or partial circulating pipeline.
2. automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described power brick skin also is provided with jacket.
3. automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with solar cell in the described automobile battery thermal management system.
4. automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the heating unit in the described immersion cooling fluid is one or more, and these a plurality of heating units evenly distribute in described power brick.
5. automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the temperature sensor in the described power brick is one or more, and is evenly distributed in the described power brick.
6. automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described heating unit is an electric heating unit.
7. automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described refrigeration unit is for adopting the refrigeration unit of compressor.
8. automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described refrigeration unit is for adopting the refrigeration unit of semiconductor cooling device.
9. the method for work as any described automobile battery thermal management system in the claim 1～8 is characterized in that,
When automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels if battery temperature is in, described control unit is not according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control refrigeration unit, heating unit and the working of pump that drive coolant flow; If being higher than, battery temperature makes battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels, described control unit switches valve, make described cooling fluid in the partial circulating pipeline, circulate, and, make that the temperature of cooling fluid is reduced in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control refrigeration unit and the work that drives the pump of coolant flow; If being lower than, battery temperature makes battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels, described control unit is according to the work of the temperature information of temperature sensor in power brick control heating unit, makes that the temperature of cooling fluid is increased in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels;
After the automobile starting operation, after cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit has been passed through enough preheating or precooling, when circulation circuit can have been realized regulating cell bag temperature function, described control unit switches valve, make cooling fluid in the systemic circulation pipeline, circulate, and control described main heat exchanger and drive the work of the pump of coolant flow according to the temperature information of temperature sensor in the power brick, make that the temperature of cooling fluid remains in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels.
10. the method for work of automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, when automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, the pump of described control unit, refrigeration unit, heating unit and driving coolant flow is powered by described power brick.
11. the method for work of automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described control unit is also controlled described solar cell described battery cell is charged.
12. the method for work of automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, when automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, the pump of described control unit, refrigeration unit, heating unit and driving coolant flow is by described solar cell for supplying power.
13. the method for work of automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, when automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, if the electric energy of solar cell is not enough to described control unit, refrigeration unit, the pump of heating unit and driving coolant flow is powered, and described control unit is controlled by described power brick described control unit, refrigeration unit, the pump of heating unit and driving coolant flow is powered.
14. the method for work of automobile battery thermal management system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, when automobile does not start, and at the automobile starting initial operating stage, cooling fluid in the main heat exchanger circulation circuit is not also passed through enough preheatings or precooling, still in the time of can not realizing regulating cell bag temperature function, make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels if having only the temperature information of portion temperature transducer to be lower than in the described power brick in a plurality of temperature sensors, described control unit is controlled near the heating unit work these portion temperature transducers, makes that the temperature of cooling fluid is increased in the power brick to make battery cell operate as normal and well behaved temperature levels.
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| CNA2009100507496A CN101577353A (en) | 2009-05-07 | 2009-05-07 | Automobile battery thermal management system and working method thereof |
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2009
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