CN103202125A - Soil improvement method - Google Patents
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- CN103202125A CN103202125A CN2013101488658A CN201310148865A CN103202125A CN 103202125 A CN103202125 A CN 103202125A CN 2013101488658 A CN2013101488658 A CN 2013101488658A CN 201310148865 A CN201310148865 A CN 201310148865A CN 103202125 A CN103202125 A CN 103202125A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil improvement method, which is applied to improving acid soil. The soil improvement method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: selecting tobacco field, and spreading calcium oxide to acid soil by an quantity of 0-210 KG/MU according to the pH value of the soil before turnover; after ridging and ditching of soil, applying magnesium fertilizer by 23-28 KG/MU, borax by 2-4 KG/MU and potassium chloride by 18-22 KG/MU to the ditches so that the ability of the root system of tobacco of absorbing the fertilizers and synthesizing tobacco plastid pigment is improved; as a result, the tobacco plastid pigment accumulated amount is increased; and finally, decomposition of the pigment in the roasting process of tobacco is reduced, degradation of the pigment in the tobacco storage process after roasting is reduced and the quality of tobacco is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to improve the soil relates in particular to a kind of method at acid soil improvement.
Background technology
China is tobacco big producing country, and along with the development of Chinese style cigarette, people improve constantly the requirement of raw tobacco material.Tobacco is because of the natural environmental condition in the place of production, planting habit, and cultivation management, the difference of the processing of gathering etc., the product form of tobacco, smell and quality all difference can occur.
Tobacco leaf is very responsive to the variation of environmental condition, and environmental differences not only influences morphological feature and the economical character of tobacco leaf, but also can directly influence chemical composition and the quality of tobacco leaf, so high-quality cigarette producing region be distributed with very big region limitation.Soil acidification is one of subject matter of restriction Agricultural Sustainable Development in China at present, soil acidification also is the subject matter that influences quality of tobacco, and according to statistics, Chinese all kinds of acidified soil areas are about 200,000,000 hectares at present, the pH value of most of acid ground is less than 5.5, wherein greatly less than 5.0.
Soil acidity meeting poisonous plant body particularly produces greatly influence to the plant corpus root growth, also can cause the mineral nutrient element of soil to run off seriously.
Soil constituent and tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment, particularly the chlorophyll of the mineral nutrient element of soil and tobacco leaf plastid and carotenoid are one of main components that influences quality of tobacco and tobacco leaf usability, it has determined the color and luster of modulation back tobacco leaf, fragrance matter and the perfume quantity of its related degradation product and tobacco leaf are closely related, finally can influence the degraded of pigment in the synthetic and baking back tobacco leaf preservation process of the decomposition of tobacco leaf pigment in bake process, finally influence the quality of tobacco leaf.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of soil improvement method, prevents that by method provided by the invention tobacco leaf from fading after baking, promotes the tobacco leaf growth.
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of soil improvement method, comprising:
Choose vega, before soil is turned over, be sprinkled into calcium oxide to being acid soil by 0～210KG/ mu according to soil pH value;
Behind the soil ridging trench digging, in ditch, drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～4KG/ mu input borax and 18～22KG/ mu input potassium chloride by 23～28KG/ mu.
Preferably, describedly be sprinkled into calcium oxide to being acid soil by 0～210KG/ mu according to soil pH value, comprise:
When soil pH value＜4.0, add calcium oxide by 160～210KG/ mu;
When soil 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, add calcium oxide by 100～160KG/ mu;
When soil 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, add calcium oxide by 50～100KG/ mu;
When soil 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, add calcium oxide by 20～50KG/ mu;
When soil pH value 〉=6.0, add calcium oxide by 0～20KG/ mu.
Preferably, describedly be sprinkled into calcium oxide to being acid soil by 0～210KG/ mu according to soil pH value, comprise:
When soil pH value＜4.0, add calcium oxide by 190～200KG/ mu;
When soil 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, add calcium oxide by 135～155KG/ mu;
When soil 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, add calcium oxide by 90～100KG/ mu;
When soil 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, add calcium oxide by 40～50KG/ mu;
When soil pH value 〉=6.0, add calcium oxide by 0～3KG/ mu.
Preferably, described calcium oxide is quicklime or limestone powder.
Preferably, in ditch, drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～3KG/ mu input borax and 20～21KG/ mu input potassium chloride by 25～26KG/ mu.
Preferably, drop in the ditch before fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride are evenly mixed.
Preferably, described borax is agricultural borax.
Preferably, the assay method of described soil pH value may further comprise the steps:
Extract topsoil immediately, air-dry sieving forms soil sample to be measured;
Weigh 20g soil sample to be measured in container, add 20mL water, continue stirred suspension 5 minutes, form test solution to be measured;
Point is got test solution to be measured to the PH test paper, and PH test paper color is compared with the colorimetric card color, calculates mean value and then is pH in soil to be measured.
Preferably, described pH value is:
If pH value=7, soil to be measured are neutral;
If pH value＜7, soil to be measured are acid;
If pH value＞7, soil to be measured are alkalescence.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: because before turning over, be sprinkled into calcium oxide according to pH in soil, the acidity of sweetening of the soil, again behind the ridging trench digging, drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride, improved the content of calcium constituent, magnesium elements, sodium element and the potassium element of soil, increase degree of base saturation and reduce the mineral nutrient element loss; Reduce soil acidity, be conducive to reduce the influence to the charge property of cigarette strain surface protein, make tobacco leaf absorption to soil constituent in growth and development process increase, stablize the nutrient absorption of plant corpus root system; The increase of magnesium elements and potassium element makes the tobacco leaf root system absorb synthetic tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment raising, increase tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment accumulation, the final decomposition that reduces tobacco leaf pigment in bake process is reduced in the degraded of pigment in the baking back tobacco leaf preservation process, guarantees the quality of tobacco leaf.
Because above material price is lower, instant effect is accepted by the tobacco grower easily simultaneously.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of soil improvement method, effectively promote tobacco leaf in growth and development process, to improve effective accumulation of pigment and suppress baking after the degraded of tobacco leaf pigment, reduced the baking back tobacco leaf problem of fading.
Soil improvement method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Choose vega, before soil is turned over, be sprinkled into calcium oxide to being acid soil by 0～210KG/ mu according to soil pH value;
Behind the soil ridging trench digging, in ditch, drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～4KG/ mu input borax and 18～22KG/ mu input potassium chloride by 23～28KG/ mu.
Improved the content of calcium constituent, magnesium elements, sodium element and the potassium element of soil, increased degree of base saturation and reduce the mineral nutrient element loss; Reduce soil acidity, be conducive to reduce the influence to the charge property of cigarette strain surface protein, make tobacco leaf absorption to soil constituent in growth and development process increase, stablize the nutrient absorption of plant corpus root system; The increase of magnesium elements and potassium element makes the tobacco leaf root system absorb synthetic tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment raising, increase tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment accumulation, the final decomposition that reduces tobacco leaf pigment in bake process is reduced in the degraded of pigment in the baking back tobacco leaf preservation process, guarantees the quality of tobacco leaf.
Choose the vega of certain limit, before soil is turned over, measure this vega soil pH value, according to the difference of pH value, add different calcium oxide to being acid soil.Wherein calcium oxide is quicklime or limestone powder.
In different pH values, can add the calcium oxide of varying number, be preferably:
When soil pH value＜4.0, add calcium oxide by 160～210KG/ mu;
When soil 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, add calcium oxide by 100～160KG/ mu;
When soil 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, add calcium oxide by 50～100KG/ mu;
When soil 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, add calcium oxide by 20～50KG/ mu;
When soil pH value 〉=6.0, add calcium oxide by 0～20KG/ mu.
More preferably:
When soil pH value＜4.0, add calcium oxide by 180～205KG/ mu;
When soil 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, add calcium oxide by 125～155KG/ mu;
When soil 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, add calcium oxide by 70～100KG/ mu;
When soil 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, add calcium oxide by 38～50KG/ mu;
When soil pH value 〉=6.0, add calcium oxide by 0～10KG/ mu.
Most preferably be:
When soil pH value＜4.0, add calcium oxide by 190～200KG/ mu;
When soil 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, add calcium oxide by 135～155KG/ mu;
When soil 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, add calcium oxide by 90～100KG/ mu;
When soil 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, add calcium oxide by 40～50KG/ mu;
When soil pH value 〉=6.0, add calcium oxide by 0～3KG/ mu.
Add different calcium oxide at different pH values, be conducive to the different soil that neutralizes.
Alleged mensuration soil pH value may further comprise the steps:
The soil of regulation certain limit extracts several places topsoil immediately in this soil, soil after the air-dry processing of sieving, is formed soil sample to be measured;
Weigh 20g soil sample to be measured in container, add 20mL water, continue stirred suspension 5 minutes, form test solution to be measured.
Point is got test solution to be measured to the pH test paper, and pH test paper color is compared with the colorimetric card color, calculates mean value and then is pH in soil to be measured.
Alleged container can be the 50mL beaker, and alleged water can be distilled water, behind the use beaker, covers watch crystal.
Wherein, utilize the glass bar point to get test solution to be measured to the pH test paper, observe its change in color, then pH test paper color is compared with the colorimetric card color, remove the bigger test solution to be measured of error, the remaining mean value of calculating then is pH in soil to be measured.
Alleged get test solution to be measured and can use the glass bar point to get test solution to be measured, described pH value is:
If pH value=7, soil to be measured are neutral;
If pH value＜7, soil to be measured are acid;
If pH value＞7, soil to be measured are alkalescence.
The present invention adopts before the tobacco grower turns over to soil, earlier soil is carried out the detection of pH value, according to the result who detects soil is added calcium oxide by 0～210KG/ mu, wherein calcium oxide can be quicklime or limestone powder, since quicklime or limestone powder can with the soil acting in conjunction, the neutralized acidity of soil, thus the murder by poisoning of heavy metal reduced.Detecting pH value method is a kind of simple pH values determination method, plants in the process of tobacco leaf the tobacco grower, and this detection method is simple and convenient, is adapted at promoting the use of in the tobacco grower colony.
Behind soil ridging trench digging, in ditch, drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride.
The alleged input in the ditch before fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride evenly mixed fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride earlier, evenly is mixed with to be beneficial to soil and rapidly and efficiently to absorb.
Alleged borax is agricultural borax, and boron content is 11%, i.e. agricultural borax (11%).
Wherein, be preferably by 23～28KG/ mu input fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～4KG/ mu input borax and 18～22KG/ mu input potassium chloride.
More preferably drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～3KG/ mu input borax and 19～21KG/ mu by 10～27KG/ mu and drop into potassium chloride.
Most preferably be by 5～26KG/ mu and drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～3KG/ mu input borax and 20～21KG/ mu input potassium chloride.
Drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride, replenished the nutritive element of soil, particularly promote trace element, improved the fertility of soil, promote tobacco to the absorption of soil nutrient elements.
Improved the content of calcium constituent, magnesium elements, sodium element and the potassium element of soil, increased degree of base saturation and reduce the mineral nutrient element loss; Reduce soil acidity, be conducive to reduce the influence to the charge property of cigarette strain surface protein, make tobacco leaf absorption to soil constituent in growth and development process increase, stablize the nutrient absorption of plant corpus root system; The increase of magnesium elements and potassium element makes the tobacco leaf root system absorb synthetic tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment raising, increase tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment accumulation, the final decomposition that reduces tobacco leaf pigment in bake process is reduced in the degraded of pigment in the baking back tobacco leaf preservation process, guarantees the quality of tobacco leaf.
Further, by adding different material at different times, effectively promote tobacco leaf in growth and development process, to improve the degraded of effective accumulation and the tobacco leaf pigment after the inhibition baking of pigment, prevented that baking back tobacco leaf from fading, solve the production problem, reduce economic loss.
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment soil improvement method provided by the invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Be that 1 mu vega carries out the test of pH value to scope, sample testing is got and is selected mean value, gets the vega of pH value=4.0, adds 160KG quicklime, and its soil of detection obtains pH value=6.5 before soil ridging trench digging; Add 25KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 3KG borax and 21KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1083.5mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 773.3mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 193.8mg/kg, effective copper 28.2mg/kg, effective manganese 64.7mg/kg, effective zinc 62.2mg/kg, effective iron 184.5mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.42mg/g.
Embodiment 2
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 1, and wherein different is the vega of choosing pH value=3.6, adds 185KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.4 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1055.3mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 750.2mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 198.3mg/kg, effective copper 28.1mg/kg, effective manganese 63.2mg/kg, effective zinc 60.2mg/kg, effective iron 179.5mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.45mg/g.
Embodiment 3
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 1, and wherein different is the vega of choosing pH value=2.5, adds 210KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.3 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1095.3mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 759.2mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 200.1mg/kg, effective copper 28.9mg/kg, effective manganese 66.5mg/kg, effective zinc 64.1mg/kg, effective iron 174.5mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.44mg/g.
Embodiment 4
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 1, and wherein different is the vega of choosing pH value=3.6, does not add quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 487.4mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 318.2mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 377.5mg/kg, effective copper 50.1mg/kg, effective manganese 112.7mg/kg, effective zinc 74.1mg/kg, effective iron 317.3mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.23mg/g.
Embodiment 1～4 is for adding the detection that different quicklime carries out under the situation of pH value＜4, table 1 is the testing result of embodiment 1～4, and wherein embodiment 4 is blank test 1, and it the results are shown in Table 1.
The testing result of table 1 embodiment 1～4
As shown in Table 1, in the vega of pH value＜4, vega behind interpolation quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride, various nutritive elements are than blank test 1 height, and bad element is lower than blank test; Middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, and blank test 1 is well below other situations.
Embodiment 5
Be that 1 mu vega carries out the test of pH value to scope, sample testing is got and is selected mean value, gets the vega of pH value=4.9, adds 135KG quicklime, and its soil of detection obtains pH value=6.4 before soil ridging trench digging; Add 25KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 3KG borax and 21KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1314.2mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 928.1mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 127.2mg/kg, effective copper 21.9mg/kg, effective manganese 43.3mg/kg, effective zinc 56.1mg/kg, effective iron 134.1mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.44mg/g.
Embodiment 6
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 5, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=4.5, adds 145KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.7 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1310.5mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 931.5mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 125.9mg/kg, effective copper 22.5mg/kg, effective manganese 44.3mg/kg, effective zinc 58.4mg/kg, effective iron 134.5mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.45mg/g.
Embodiment 7
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 5, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=4.5, adds 155KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.2 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1316.4mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 923.3mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 126.9mg/kg, effective copper 23.2mg/kg, effective manganese 45.3mg/kg, effective zinc 58.3mg/kg, effective iron 133.4mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.42mg/g.
Embodiment 8
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 5, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=4.5, does not add quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 662.3mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 473.4mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 283.6mg/kg, effective copper 37.5mg/kg, effective manganese 84.2mg/kg, effective zinc 63.0mg/kg, effective iron 257.0mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.29mg/g.
Embodiment 5～8 adds the detection that different quicklime carries out under the situation of 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, table 2 be the testing result of embodiment 5～8, and wherein embodiment 8 is blank test 2, and it the results are shown in Table 2.
The testing result of table 2 embodiment 5～8
As shown in Table 2, in the vega of 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, vega behind interpolation quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride, various nutritive elements are than blank test 1 height, and bad element is lower than blank test; Middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, and blank test 2 is well below other situations.
Embodiment 9
Be that 1 mu vega carries out the test of pH value to scope, sample testing is got and is selected mean value, gets the vega of pH value=5, adds 90KG quicklime, and its soil of detection obtains pH value=6.5 before soil ridging trench digging; Add 25KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 3KG borax and 21KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1276.6mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 907.4mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 152.1mg/kg, effective copper 25.7mg/kg, effective manganese 53.6mg/kg, effective zinc 61.1mg/kg, effective iron 176.4mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.47mg/g.
Embodiment 10
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 9, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=5.2, adds 95KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.5 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1277.9mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 902.3mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 159.2mg/kg, effective copper 24.3mg/kg, effective manganese 55.5mg/kg, effective zinc 66.2mg/kg, effective iron 174.5mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.45mg/g.
Embodiment 11
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 9, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=5.4, adds 100KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.4 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1274.3mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 906.7mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 154.3mg/kg, effective copper 23.2mg/kg, effective manganese 54.6mg/kg, effective zinc 64.4mg/kg, effective iron 173.8mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.46mg/g.
Embodiment 12
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 9, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=5.2, does not add quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 857.1mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 503.6mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 281.2mg/kg, effective copper 40.5mg/kg, effective manganese 82.3mg/kg, effective zinc 67.4mg/kg, effective iron 271.8mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.34mg/g.
Embodiment 9～12 adds the detection that different quicklime carries out under the situation of 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, table 3 be the testing result of embodiment 9～12, and wherein embodiment 12 is blank test 3, and it the results are shown in Table 3.
The testing result of table 3 embodiment 9～12
As shown in Table 3, in the vega of 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, vega behind interpolation quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride, various nutritive elements are than blank test 3 height, and bad element is lower than blank test; Middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, and blank test 3 is well below other situations.
Embodiment 13
Be that 1 mu vega carries out the test of pH value to scope, sample testing is got and is selected mean value, gets the vega of pH value=5.5, adds 50KG quicklime, and its soil of detection obtains pH value=6.6 before soil ridging trench digging; Add 25KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 3KG borax and 21KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1689.2mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 1027.7mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 93.4mg/kg, effective copper 24.8mg/kg, effective manganese 55.4mg/kg, effective zinc 58.4mg/kg, effective iron 161.3mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.48mg/g.
Embodiment 14
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 13, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=5.7, adds 45KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.4 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1677.4mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 1024.6mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 92.9mg/kg, effective copper 27.5mg/kg, effective manganese 57.6mg/kg, effective zinc 53.5mg/kg, effective iron 163.5mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.47mg/g.
Embodiment 15
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 13, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=5.9, adds 40KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.4 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1680.5mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 1030.5mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 94.2mg/kg, effective copper 25.4mg/kg, effective manganese 59.2mg/kg, effective zinc 55.5mg/kg, effective iron 168.8mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.46mg/g.
Embodiment 16
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 13, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=5.7, does not add quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 941.3mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 592.3mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 229.3mg/kg, effective copper 39.2mg/kg, effective manganese 76.3mg/kg, effective zinc 65.7mg/kg, effective iron 248.4mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.37mg/g.
Embodiment 13～16 adds the detection that different quicklime carries out under the situation of 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, table 4 be the testing result of embodiment 13～16, and wherein embodiment 16 is blank test 4, and it the results are shown in Table 4.
The testing result of table 4 embodiment 13～16
As shown in Table 4, in the vega of 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, vega behind interpolation quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride, various nutritive elements are than blank test 4 height, and bad element is lower than blank test; Middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, and blank test 4 is well below other situations.
Embodiment 17
Be that 1 mu vega carries out the test of pH value to scope, sample testing is got and is selected mean value, gets the vega of pH value=6.0, adds 3KG quicklime, and its soil of detection obtains pH value=6.5 before soil ridging trench digging; Add 25KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 3KG borax and 21KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1437.5mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 1002.5mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 118.4mg/kg, effective copper 28.3mg/kg, effective manganese 60.7mg/kg, effective zinc 57.2mg/kg, effective iron 178.3mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.51mg/g.
Embodiment 18
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 17, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=6.3, adds 2KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.6 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1440.2mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 1005.3mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 119.2mg/kg, effective copper 29.1mg/kg, effective manganese 63.2mg/kg, effective zinc 59.6mg/kg, effective iron 180.1mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.53mg/g.
Embodiment 19
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 17, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=6.6, adds 0.5KG quicklime, detects its soil and obtain pH value=6.8 before soil ridging trench digging.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1443.6mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 1003.2mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 123.1mg/kg, effective copper 26.3mg/kg, effective manganese 62.5mg/kg, effective zinc 57.8mg/kg, effective iron 181.6mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.55mg/g.
Embodiment 20
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 17, and wherein different is the vega of selecting pH value=6.3, does not add quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1218.8mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 985.8mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 164.6mg/kg, effective copper 30.5mg/kg, effective manganese 66.2mg/kg, effective zinc 59.6mg/kg, effective iron 196.6mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.46mg/g.
Embodiment 17～20 is for adding the detection that different quicklime carries out under the situation of pH value 〉=6.0, table 5 is the testing result of embodiment 17～20, and wherein embodiment 20 is blank test 5, and it the results are shown in Table 5.
The testing result of table 5 embodiment 17～20
As shown in Table 5, in the vega of pH value 〉=6.0, vega behind interpolation quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride, various nutritive elements are than blank test 5 height, and bad element is lower than blank test; Middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, and blank test 5 is well below other situations.
Can learn that according to embodiment 1～20 soil pH value is more low, the nutritive element that soil produces is more few, and after adding quicklime, various nutritive elements obviously improve.
Embodiment 21
Select vega, the vega of pH value=6.5 is handled, processing mode is for adding 23KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 2KG borax and 18KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1234.4mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 912.1mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 139.2mg/kg, effective copper 24.2mg/kg, effective manganese 52.8mg/kg, effective zinc 63.4mg/kg, effective iron 173.2mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.46mg/g.
Embodiment 22
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 21, and wherein different is to add 25KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 3KG borax and 21KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1276.6mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 907.4mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 152.1mg/kg, effective copper 25.7mg/kg, effective manganese 53.6mg/kg, effective zinc 61.1mg/kg, effective iron 176.4mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.47mg/g.
Embodiment 23
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 21, and wherein different is to add 28KG fertiliser containing magnesium, 4KG borax and 22KG potassium chloride.
After interpolation, treat that the soil absorption is complete, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1256.3mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 911.2mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 153.2mg/kg, effective copper 22.5mg/kg, effective manganese 53.4mg/kg, effective zinc 63.4mg/kg, effective iron 171.9mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.45mg/g.
Embodiment 24
Condition is basic identical with embodiment 21, and is wherein different from not adding fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride.
After interpolation, test obtains exchangeable calcium 1200.4mg/kg, exchangeability magnesium 870.4mg/kg, exchangeability aluminium 171.4mg/kg, effective copper 32.1mg/kg, effective manganese 65.3mg/kg, effective zinc 54.1mg/kg, effective iron 196.6mg/kg.
The tobacco leaf that this vega is plucked toasts, and middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back, is 0.32mg/g.
Embodiment 21～24 is pH value=6.5 o'clock, adds different fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride, and wherein embodiment 24 is blank assay 6, and it the results are shown in Table 6.
The testing result of table 6 embodiment 21～24
As shown in Table 6, can draw under blank assay 6 contrast, under the identical state of pH value, add fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride and can improve nutritive element in the soil, the also raising relatively of middle part tobacco leaf content of carotenoid is detected in the baking back.
The major obstacle factor of acid ground is low pH value, and free aluminum and exchangeability aluminum concentration too high (being the aluminium poison) are gone back ortho states manganese excessive concentration (being the manganese poison), and the content of other heavy metal element also can be higher; The too high levels of aluminium and manganese also can cause the disappearance of calcium magnesium in the soil in the acid ground, has a strong impact on plant and grows normally.
When the tobacco leaf calcium deficiency, cigarette strain growth retardation.Calcium is considered to total attemperator of cellular metabolism in biology, has the function that prevents that other excess amount of ions from poisoning.Contain a large amount of calcium ions in the quicklime, for tobacco leaf provides abundant calcium source.
Magnesium is the unique metal ingredient in the chlorophyll molecule, causes chlorophyll to disintegrate during magnesium deficiency, causes the tobacco leaf chlorosis, improves the content of magnesium elements, can be so that the ash of tobacco leaf after burning be difficult for being scattered, and this has very big effect to the cigarette quality.
The H that high concentration is arranged in the acid ground
+, A1
3+, Mn
2+And Fe
2+Deng; Excessive reducing substances and Fe are arranged in the flooded soils
2+Deng.When soluble aluminum ion concentration in the soil solution surpassed certain limit, plant roots will show typical poisoning symptom, wherein can suppress plant to the absorption of calcium and iron when manganese is excessive.
From the present invention as can be seen, apply quicklime, fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride in acid ground, the acidic materials in the soil that neutralized have improved pH in soil, have alleviated the toxic action of heavy metal, provide nutritive element for plant simultaneously.
Carotenoid content and quality of tobacco in the tobacco leaf are closely related, be that the tobacco leaf presentation quality is directly related with its content on the one hand, carotenoid is the important prerequisite material of tabacco fragrance composition on the other hand, the raising of carotenoid content has some improvement to the phenomenon of fading of cured tobacco leaf, therefore can improve carotenoid content by the present invention, improve quality of tobacco.
The above, embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that previous embodiment is put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a soil improvement method is characterized in that, comprising:
Choose vega, before soil is turned over, be sprinkled into calcium oxide to being acid soil by 0～210KG/ mu according to soil pH value;
Behind the soil ridging trench digging, in ditch, drop into fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～4KG/ mu input borax and 18～22KG/ mu input potassium chloride by 23～28KG/ mu.
2. soil improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly is sprinkled into calcium oxide to being acid soil by 0～210KG/ mu according to soil pH value, comprising:
When soil pH value＜4.0, add calcium oxide by 160～210KG/ mu;
When soil 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, add calcium oxide by 100～160KG/ mu;
When soil 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, add calcium oxide by 50～100KG/ mu;
When soil 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, add calcium oxide by 20～50KG/ mu;
When soil pH value 〉=6.0, add calcium oxide by 0～20KG/ mu.
3. soil improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly is sprinkled into calcium oxide to being acid soil by 0～210KG/ mu according to soil pH value, comprising:
When soil pH value＜4.0, add calcium oxide by 190～200KG/ mu;
When soil 4.0≤pH value＜5.0, add calcium oxide by 135～155KG/ mu;
When soil 5.0≤pH value＜5.5, add calcium oxide by 90～100KG/ mu;
When soil 5.5≤pH value＜6.0, add calcium oxide by 40～50KG/ mu;
When soil pH value 〉=6.0, add calcium oxide by 0～3KG/ mu.
4. according to any described soil improvement method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that described calcium oxide is quicklime or limestone powder.
5. soil improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, drops into fertiliser containing magnesium, 2～3KG/ mu input borax and 20～21KG/ mu input potassium chloride by 25～26KG/ mu in ditch.
6. soil improvement method according to claim 1 or 5 is characterized in that, drops in the ditch before fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and the potassium chloride, and fertiliser containing magnesium, borax and potassium chloride are evenly mixed.
7. according to the soil improvement method described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that described borax is agricultural borax.
8. soil improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the assay method of described soil pH value may further comprise the steps:
Extract topsoil immediately, air-dry sieving forms soil sample to be measured;
Weigh 20g soil sample to be measured in container, add 20mL water, continue stirred suspension 5 minutes, form test solution to be measured;
Point is got test solution to be measured to the PH test paper, and PH test paper color is compared with the colorimetric card color, calculates mean value and then is pH in soil to be measured.
9. soil improvement method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described pH value is:
If pH value=7, soil to be measured are neutral;
If pH value＜7, soil to be measured are acid;
If pH value＞7, soil to be measured are alkalescence.
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| CN103444294A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-18 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Acid soil improvement method |
| CN104365208A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-25 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco field soil improvement method |
| CN104483267A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 内蒙古农牧业科学院 | Desulfurization gypsum improved saline-alkali soil rapid determination box and detection method thereof |
| CN106688354A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-24 | 大千生态景观股份有限公司 | Building rubbish soil improvement method |
| CN106888610A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 衡阳智源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method for improveing vega acidified soil |
| CN106888609A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 衡阳智源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of quality of tobacco and yield in raising acidified soil |
| CN110731244A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-31 | 张家界鱼泉生态农业开发有限公司 | rice planting method |
| CN114600584A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-10 | 河南城建学院 | Method for rapidly repairing hardening obstacle of reclamation cultivated land of damaged land in mining area |
| CN115286466A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Fertilizer for improving karst tobacco area soil and improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and application method thereof |
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| CN103444294A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-18 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Acid soil improvement method |
| CN104365208A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-25 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco field soil improvement method |
| CN104483267A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 内蒙古农牧业科学院 | Desulfurization gypsum improved saline-alkali soil rapid determination box and detection method thereof |
| CN106888610A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 衡阳智源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method for improveing vega acidified soil |
| CN106888609A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 衡阳智源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of quality of tobacco and yield in raising acidified soil |
| CN106688354A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-24 | 大千生态景观股份有限公司 | Building rubbish soil improvement method |
| CN110731244A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-31 | 张家界鱼泉生态农业开发有限公司 | rice planting method |
| CN110731244B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-01-14 | 张家界鱼泉生态农业开发有限公司 | Rice planting method |
| CN114600584A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-10 | 河南城建学院 | Method for rapidly repairing hardening obstacle of reclamation cultivated land of damaged land in mining area |
| CN115286466A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Fertilizer for improving karst tobacco area soil and improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and application method thereof |
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