CN103195247A - Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method - Google Patents
Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103195247A CN103195247A CN2013101395102A CN201310139510A CN103195247A CN 103195247 A CN103195247 A CN 103195247A CN 2013101395102 A CN2013101395102 A CN 2013101395102A CN 201310139510 A CN201310139510 A CN 201310139510A CN 103195247 A CN103195247 A CN 103195247A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hyperboloid
- vertical rod
- saddle
- vertical
- concrete slab
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The method includes the steps of surveying and lining, upright rod erecting, support system construction, fillet mounting, formwork set up, reinforcement assembling, cover plate building, concrete pouring and the like. The method ingenuously utilizes the hyperboloid geometric characteristic that any point on a hyperboloid can extend to form two intersection straight lines positioned on the hyperboloid, and building materials of all supports and formwork supports are kept straight. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that common traditional building materials such as steel pipes, reinforcements and wood boards are needed only, complex curves need not to be drawn, manufacturing of bent members is completely unnecessary, construction is quite convenient, requirements on skills of operators are low, good concrete structure forming impression is guaranteed easily, and detached building materials can be recycled after completion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of job practices, especially a kind of shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method belongs to technical field of building construction.
Background technology
By space geometry as can be known, hyperbola is rotated around ellipse can form hyperboloid, for example, locates elliptic equation zero point at the z axle and is:
Locating Hyperbolic Equation zero point at the y axle is:
When being rotated along ellipse, above-mentioned hyperbola can form hyperboloid.And under hyperboloid with the quadrangle projection that makes progress, cut a curved surface that at hyperboloid and be shape of a saddle hyperboloid.
Along with becoming increasingly abundant of architectural image is colorful, shape of a saddle hyperboloid structural construction exterior design is applied.This structure has broken through construction pattern in the past, has the individual style at a pair of upper uplifting angle and a pair of sinking angle.Yet, because shape of a saddle hyperboloid seems that with respect to the plane complex shape is many, it is not only very high to operating personnel's technical requirements to adopt traditional beam-slab template facture to realize that concrete slab makes up, be difficult to guarantee construction quality, and work efficiency is extremely low, can't satisfy modern building operations schedule requirement.
Retrieval finds, application number is that 200910080678.4 Chinese patent application discloses a kind of construction method with building concrete end face of surface modeling, and this method is carried out horizontal projection with the space curved surface structure; Horizontal plane is divided into several grids; By setting up local coordinate system, calculate the absolute altitude on the corresponding space curved surface of each grid node in the horizontal plane coordinate system; Determine the position of each load steel pipe cross bar according to each elevation data, to finish the built operation, then, form back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats according to elevation data, more formed back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats is fixed on corresponding each load steel pipe cross bar; In concrete, mix the small particle diameter of an amount of water reducing agent and flyash; Pump line is arranged in the lowest part of double-parabolic slab earlier, along diagonal cloth from the bottom up, advances to peak; Pump truck replaces blanking in cornerwise both sides, builds and vibrates, by manually along with making real, receive light.Adopt this method to build the back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats (keel) that curved surface must the segmentation manufacturing has different curvatures, therefore not only constructing operation complexity, difficulty are higher, and completion afterwards spine material be difficult to use again.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: at the shortcoming that above-mentioned prior art exists, it is easy to propose a kind of constructing operation, can be in the shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method that guarantees significantly to reduce difficulty of construction under the construction quality prerequisite, improve work efficiency.
In order to reach above purpose, shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, measurement unwrapping wire---the 3-D geometric model at shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab yet to be built is set up the space lattice that intersects the space line formation by predetermined accuracy, described space lattice vertical is projected as the plane grid that the intersecting plane straight line constitutes, and the space intersection point in the described space lattice is corresponding one by one with projection intersection point in the described plane grid;
Second goes on foot, sets up stand---go out the plane grid of actual ratio in construction ground setting-out, and set up sweep the floor bar and vertical vertical rod by plane grid, vertical vertical rod is set up on the intersection point of actual ratio plane grid, and the height of each vertical vertical rod is pressed 3-D geometric model space intersection point to the actual range of corresponding projection intersection point respectively and set;
The 3rd step, structure support system---overlap joint supplemental support constitutes the three-dimensional support system that is mutually related with vertical rod;
Stupefied of the 4th step, installation---will be connected with corresponding each vertical vertical rod top according to the order of sequence with the corresponding position of 3-D geometric model space networks ruling respectively as main stupefied straight line building materials, constitute the parallel hyperboloid support beam spaced apart of projection; Will as inferior stupefied straight line building materials with predetermined density bear according to the order of sequence be fixed on main stupefied on, constitute hyperboloid space grid;
The 5th goes on foot, builds template---and the inferior stupefied fixed panel of going up forms the hyperboloid template at hyperboloid space grid; And at hyperboloid template periphery fixed form rib;
The 6th step, assembling reinforcement---in the template rib of hyperboloid template periphery, press the preset space length assembling reinforcement, constitute the hyperboloid steel bar layer;
The 7th step, build cover plate---with build template class with method, making up the hyperboloid cover plate that periphery rides on the template rib and reserves the sprue gate on the steel bar layer, form hyperboloid and build cavity;
The 8th step, concreting---build concreting in the cavity from the sprue gate to the hyperboloid between hyperboloid template and the cover plate, and maintenance is solidified.
Can build up required shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab like this, form removal is afterwards also taken the circumstances into consideration sectional repair.
The present invention is ingenious to utilize hyperboloid to have that any point all can be extended out the geometrical property that is positioned at two intersecting straight lines on the hyperboloid on it, the building materials that all supports, template support all keep linearity, therefore compared with prior art, only need with traditional construction materials such as common steel pipe, reinforcing bar, planks, need not to draw complicated curve, also needn't make bent member fully, it is very easy to construct, technical ability to the operator is less demanding, be easy to guarantee that concrete structure moulding impression is good, the building materials that remove the completion back can reuse.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the pillar construction schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is support system and the main stupefied structural representation of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the inferior stupefied structural representation of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the formwork structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the reinforcing bar covering plate structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1 embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method of present embodiment is carried out as follows:
The first step, measure unwrapping wire---because shape of a saddle hyperboloid is a bi-curved part, any point all can be extended out the geometrical property that is positioned at two intersecting straight lines on the hyperboloid on it and hyperboloid has, therefore can operate by drafting instruments such as computer (present embodiment is by the solidworks three-dimensional software), formation waits to make up the 3-D geometric model of shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab, and set up the space lattice that intersects the space line formation by predetermined accuracy thereon, be projected as the plane grid that the intersecting plane straight line constitutes with this space lattice is vertical again, the space intersection point in the space lattice is corresponding one by one with projection intersection point in the plane grid.
Second step, set up stand---go out and wait to make up the corresponding actual ratio plane grid of shape of a saddle hyperboloid space lattice in construction ground setting-out, and sweep the floor bar 2 and the vertical vertical rod 1 of taking the corresponding grid of formation by the true planar grid, vertical vertical rod 1 is set up on above-mentioned actual ratio plane grid intersection point, and the height of each vertical vertical rod is pressed 3-D geometric model space intersection point to the actual range of corresponding projection intersection point respectively and set; When determining the highly corresponding actual range of each vertical rod, both can directly try to achieve one by one by methods of geometry such as computing, mapping measurements, also can determine the vertical vertical rod height at every actual ratio plane net ruling two ends earlier by method of geometry, set up two vertical rod end backguys thus after this two vertical vertical rod again, this backguy is the vertical vertical rod in each intersection point place actual range highly with the vertical distance of corresponding each intersection point of plane grid, so namely easy, can eliminate various errors again, suitability good (referring to Fig. 1).
The 3rd step, structure support system---(Ministry of Construction builds [2004] No. 213 literary compositions of matter " danger is than the large-engineering special constructure scheme of safety and be expounded through peer review examination method " to select different distances in length and breadth and step pitch according to relevant regulations, if shape of a saddle snyed plate height surpasses 8m, then the crossbar step pitch should be set to 1.5m), by overlap joint cross bar 3, oblique supplemental support such as bridging (not shown), constitute to be mutually related with vertical rod 1 and stablize three-dimensional support system.Should adopt overlap joint to connect to the horizon bar spreading in length and breadth.In two adjacent vertical equity knock-off joints should not be arranged on synchronously or stride together (referring to Fig. 2).
Stupefied of the 4th step, installation---will be connected with corresponding each vertical vertical rod 1 top according to the order of sequence with the corresponding position of 3-D geometric model space networks ruling respectively as main stupefied 4 steel pipe straight line building materials, constitute the parallel hyperboloid support beam (referring to Fig. 2) spaced apart of projection.Particularly, adjustable holder support is installed at the column top at first, will leads stupefied 4 earlier and support by adjustable holder with the vertical rod top at two ends and to be connected, again with two ends between the vertical rod top be connected.When the hyperboloid radian changed greatly, main stupefied spacing should corresponding reducing, and can take the circumstances into consideration additional vertical rod in the centre.To bear according to the order of sequence with predetermined density as 50mm * 50mm flitch straight line building materials of inferior stupefied 5 again and be fixed on main stupefied 4 formation hyperboloid space grid (referring to Fig. 3).For fear of the distortion of splicing cross section, first backguy checks that the steel pipe master is stupefied before flitch time stupefied the putting, should keep straight line and equal with a stretching line along the stupefied height of stayguy direction master, should not carry out Height Adjustment at ordinary times, lay 50mm * 50mm flitch according to grid line along rectilinear direction at last, spacing 100～200mm adjusts with mesh spacing density.
The 5th step, build template---to fix the gummed lath Mosaic face plate 6 of wide 50～200mm thereon with inferior stupefied oblique crossing direction, until forming hyperboloid template (referring to Fig. 4) at hyperboloid space grid; And at hyperboloid template edge fixed form rib; When laying, panel should notice that piece should meet the requirements, spillage when preventing from building concrete.
The 6th step, assembling reinforcement---press the predetermined density assembling reinforcement in the template rib on the hyperboloid template, each reinforcing bar is respectively with contiguous inferior stupefied parallel, formation hyperboloid steel bar layer.
The 7th step, build cover plate---with build template class with method, making up the hyperboloid cover plate 8 that the edge rides on the template rib and reserves sprue gate 9 on the steel bar layer 7, form shape of a saddle hyperboloid and build cavity (referring to Fig. 5).For the ease of building, the bi-curved two upper uplifting angle places of the shape of a saddle are provided with sprue gate 9 respectively at least, and the lower side in sprue gate is supported with oriented baffle plate 10.
The 8th step, concreting---from the sprue gate to the steel bar layer between hyperboloid template and the cover plate in concreting, and maintenance is solidified.Build in the process, the duration of vibrating should make concrete surface produce laitance, no bubble, and till not sinking, vibration compacting is answered in concreting.Maintenance should be in time, and curing time should meet design and code requirement.
After building, form removal and sectional repair.Concrete strength during form removable should be able to guarantee that also its surface and corner angle are injury-free.Should not form impact load to floor.The template of removing and support should disperse to stack and in time clear.Facts have proved that above-mentioned work progress is not high to operator's technical requirements, easy construction, concrete structure moulding impression is good, and is therefore practical.
Claims (7)
1. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The first step, measurement unwrapping wire---the 3-D geometric model at shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab yet to be built is set up the space lattice that intersects the space line formation by predetermined accuracy, described space lattice vertical is projected as the plane grid that the intersecting plane straight line constitutes, and the space intersection point in the described space lattice is corresponding one by one with projection intersection point in the described plane grid;
Second goes on foot, sets up stand---go out the plane grid of actual ratio in construction ground setting-out, and set up sweep the floor bar and vertical vertical rod by plane grid, vertical vertical rod is set up on the intersection point of actual ratio plane grid, and the height of each vertical vertical rod is pressed 3-D geometric model space intersection point to the actual range of corresponding projection intersection point respectively and set;
The 3rd step, structure support system---overlap joint supplemental support constitutes the three-dimensional support system that is mutually related with vertical rod;
Stupefied of the 4th step, installation---will be connected with corresponding each vertical vertical rod top according to the order of sequence with the corresponding position of 3-D geometric model space networks ruling respectively as main stupefied straight line building materials, constitute the parallel hyperboloid support beam spaced apart of projection; Will as inferior stupefied straight line building materials with predetermined density bear according to the order of sequence be fixed on main stupefied on, constitute hyperboloid space grid;
The 5th goes on foot, builds template---and the inferior stupefied fixed panel of going up forms the hyperboloid template at hyperboloid space grid; And at hyperboloid template periphery fixed form rib;
The 6th step, assembling reinforcement---in the template rib of hyperboloid template periphery, press the preset space length assembling reinforcement, constitute the hyperboloid steel bar layer;
The 7th step, build cover plate---with build template class with method, making up the hyperboloid cover plate that periphery rides on the template rib and reserves the sprue gate on the steel bar layer, form hyperboloid and build cavity;
The 8th step, concreting---build concreting in the cavity from the sprue gate to the hyperboloid between hyperboloid template and the cover plate, and maintenance is solidified.
2. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supplemental support comprises cross bar and bridging.
3. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described the 4th step, adjustable holder support is installed at the column top, will leads stupefied the support by adjustable holder with the vertical rod top at two ends earlier and be connected, again with two ends between the vertical rod top be connected.
4. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described column and the main stupefied steel pipe that all adopts, described stupefied employing flitch.
5. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described the 5th step is to fix the gummed lath Mosaic face plate of wide 50～200mm thereon with inferior stupefied crossing direction.
6. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the lower side in described sprue gate is supported with the oriented baffle plate.
7. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described second step, when determining the highly corresponding actual range of each vertical vertical rod, determine the vertical vertical rod height at every actual ratio plane net ruling two ends earlier by method of geometry, set up two vertical rod end backguys thus after this two vertical vertical rod again, this backguy and the vertical distance of corresponding each intersection point of plane grid are the actual range of the vertical vertical rod height in each intersection point place.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310139510.2A CN103195247B (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310139510.2A CN103195247B (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103195247A true CN103195247A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| CN103195247B CN103195247B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
Family
ID=48718049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310139510.2A Active CN103195247B (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103195247B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103669733A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Method for constructing tapestry bricks of foliated hyperboloid roof shed |
| CN104537191A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-22 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Drawing method for three-dimensional rebar model schematic diagram |
| CN104727491A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Corrugated roof building and construction method thereof |
| CN106193514A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-12-07 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Irregular hyperboloid bamboo aluminum composite plate construction method |
| CN106836648A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州大学 | A kind of single page hyperboloid armored concrete post and preparation method thereof |
| CN111663722A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-15 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Twin-tree-shaped concrete canopy column and construction method thereof |
| CN112012499A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-01 | 中冶天工（天津）装备制造有限公司 | Frame structure for construction of curved surface clear water concrete roof and construction method thereof |
| CN115075546A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳天安骏业投资发展(集团)有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bare concrete double-curved-surface steel formwork |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4006574A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1977-02-08 | Lely Cornelis V D | Method of forming a construction of building substructures |
| MD4161B1 (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-03-31 | Nicolae Popescu | Process for erection of cast-in-situ building, complex of cast-in-situ buildings and production tooling for realization thereof |
| CN102535839A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Method for supporting and jacking reinforced concrete post-poured strip by using four pipe supports of horizontal members on two sides of post-poured strip |
| CN102587658A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method of variable curved-surface steel-concrete tubular structure |
-
2013
- 2013-04-19 CN CN201310139510.2A patent/CN103195247B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4006574A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1977-02-08 | Lely Cornelis V D | Method of forming a construction of building substructures |
| CN102535839A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Method for supporting and jacking reinforced concrete post-poured strip by using four pipe supports of horizontal members on two sides of post-poured strip |
| MD4161B1 (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-03-31 | Nicolae Popescu | Process for erection of cast-in-situ building, complex of cast-in-situ buildings and production tooling for realization thereof |
| CN102587658A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method of variable curved-surface steel-concrete tubular structure |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵源畴等: "双曲抛物面组合扭曲薄壳屋面综合施工技术", 《建筑施工》 * |
| 齐志刚等: "大跨度双曲混凝土组合扭壳屋盖设计与施工", 《土木工程学报》 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103669733A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Method for constructing tapestry bricks of foliated hyperboloid roof shed |
| CN103669733B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | A kind of foliaceous hyperboloid roof system canopy face brick construction method |
| CN104537191A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-22 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Drawing method for three-dimensional rebar model schematic diagram |
| CN104727491A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Corrugated roof building and construction method thereof |
| CN106193514A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-12-07 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Irregular hyperboloid bamboo aluminum composite plate construction method |
| CN106836648A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州大学 | A kind of single page hyperboloid armored concrete post and preparation method thereof |
| CN111663722A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-15 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Twin-tree-shaped concrete canopy column and construction method thereof |
| CN112012499A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-01 | 中冶天工（天津）装备制造有限公司 | Frame structure for construction of curved surface clear water concrete roof and construction method thereof |
| CN115075546A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳天安骏业投资发展(集团)有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bare concrete double-curved-surface steel formwork |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103195247B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103195247B (en) | Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method | |
| CN203213585U (en) | Scaffold tool for pouring concrete slab provided with saddle-shaped double curved surfaces | |
| CN101538907B (en) | Construction method for building concrete superface with surface modeling | |
| CN104264920B (en) | Construction method of ultrahigh large-curvature circular spiral as-cast-finish stair | |
| CN103669865A (en) | Stair construction method through shaped supports | |
| CN105625186A (en) | Method for constructing large-section concrete Y-shaped column | |
| CN106760196B (en) | The construction method of cross box-type section steel column structure | |
| CN108590008B (en) | Construction method of cast-in-place concrete for folding roof | |
| CN102864928B (en) | Construction method for spiral stairs with large-spspace | |
| CN105544887A (en) | Upturned roof-ridge cornice of Tang style simulation building and construction method thereof | |
| CN105089184B (en) | Multi-curved concrete hollow modelling wall construction method and rhombic hollow structure formwork | |
| CN109112903A (en) | Solid concrete roabed trackless construction technology is cheated in a kind of phase library inner column formula inspection | |
| CN203640278U (en) | Stair construction die shelf | |
| JP2017064928A (en) | Method for production of precast concrete having three-dimensional curved surface, and mold form | |
| CN116910854A (en) | Large-span arch concrete structure construction method based on digital construction | |
| CN208815892U (en) | A kind of conical funnel template | |
| CN105625708B (en) | A kind of aluminum wood composite shuttering system for building | |
| CN101733643B (en) | Method for manufacturing steel pattern plate of taper-end concrete pier | |
| CN205557547U (en) | Cup -shaped for foundation construction shaping template of contact net | |
| CN210396122U (en) | Stair inclined plate type stadium stand template reinforcing system | |
| CN206931294U (en) | The device of Complex Different Shape concrete structure precision controlling | |
| CN102635232A (en) | Reinforcement method for transverse reinforcement interior edge at side of arc-shaped beam | |
| CN102691409A (en) | HR (height regulation) heavy portal frame and temporary reinforced concrete column jointed formwork erecting device and construction method | |
| CN206331738U (en) | The stair construction teaching mode in tap-tap face | |
| CN205954969U (en) | PK design fetal membrane rib floor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |