CN103184077A - Fine coal gasification method with fly ash compulsory recycling system - Google Patents
Fine coal gasification method with fly ash compulsory recycling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103184077A CN103184077A CN2013100933697A CN201310093369A CN103184077A CN 103184077 A CN103184077 A CN 103184077A CN 2013100933697 A CN2013100933697 A CN 2013100933697A CN 201310093369 A CN201310093369 A CN 201310093369A CN 103184077 A CN103184077 A CN 103184077A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fine coal gasification method with a fly ash compulsory recycling system, which is characterized in that coal gas produced by the fine coal gasification reaction carries fly ash particles; gas and fly ash particles in the coal gas carrying with the fly ash particles can be separated through a cyclone separator; and the separated fly ash particles enter the lower part of a gas distribution plate (8) of a gasifer to conduct further burning and gasification reaction. According to the method provided by the invention, a gas ejector (7) is mounted between a vertical tremie pipe of a fine coal fluidized bed coke powder circulating system and the gasifer, and the recovered fly ash particles pass the lower part of the gas distribution plate, and then directly enter a high-temperature oxidation zone in the center area of the gasifier by the gas ejector to conduct further burning and gasification reaction, so that the carbon conversion efficiency of the fine coal is improved, and the carbon conversion efficiency of wood coal and bituminous coal can achieve above 98 percent. Even though for the 'three high one low' poor coal, namely the coal with high sulfur, high ashy, high ash fusion temperature and low reactivity, the conversion rate of one way coal can also achieve above 92 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of coal gasification, relate in particular to a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has.
Background technology
The development of powdered coal fluidized bed gasification method and industrialization have had the history in more than 80 year, especially the molten poly-vapourizing furnace of the various ashes that occur over past 30 years, the ash reunion vapourizing furnace U-GAS that comprises the U.S., the molten poly-vapourizing furnace ICC of the ash in China Shanxi, or the ash cohesive vapourizing furnace in Shaanxi, their common feature is that a central jet pipe of introducing oxygen is arranged in the middle and lower part of vapourizing furnace, so form a so-called high temperature oxidation district in the middle and lower part of fluidized-bed emulsion zone.The cyclonic separator of two or three series connection is installed in the outlet of vapourizing furnace simultaneously, purpose be with after the coal gasification, generate the high temperature oxidation district that coke powder that coal gas carries secretly captured and sent back to by tremie pipe vapourizing furnace, and be actually send less than, because the coke powder that cyclonic separator captures is all very thin, this fine particle below 250 microns flows into naturally by gravity, and perhaps simple strength blows and can't arrive the high temperature oxidation district.Besides all sending into a little all is the top at gas distribution grid, and is the periphery of fluidized-bed emulsion zone, and the coke powder that loops back needs only one and enters vapourizing furnace, has been taken away by the upstream of emulsion zone at once.The result is that carbon is not vaporized, and ash is not melted, but is again and again taken away by air-flow.The coke powder that participates in circulation is cumulative, up to the running balance that is determined by cyclonic separator efficient---the ratio of internal circulating load and coal input quantity, also claim circulation ratio, reach 10 times, and even 20,30 times more than.The fine powder that leaves cyclonic separator can be up to the every mark cubic meter of 20 to 30 grams dry gas, and wherein carbon content is usually between 65% to 75%.Here it is, and people are referred to as traditionally in " suffering from vomiting and diarrhoea " that " on tell "---nearly carbon more than 10% is generated coal gas and has taken away.
For the molten poly-vapourizing furnace of PC-FB ash, if the vapourizing furnace service temperature is mentioned enough height with the height of close layer mutually, the carbon residue that lime-ash is discharged in the vapourizing furnace bottom just might drop to Schwellenwert, for example 1.5%, the loss of so whole gasification carbon mainly is " on tell " rather than " dropped ".Yet practical situation are to improve the service temperature of vapourizing furnace and the height of close layer mutually need emit the local caking of bed, perhaps full bed sintering and the risk of being forced to stop.For macrocyclic safe operation, a lot of slip-stick artists have to the carbon residue of end slag is positioned at than higher numerical value, and for example 10%, in addition higher." dropping " during Here it is " suffering from vomiting and diarrhoea "---about 5% or 20% carbon has run off in vain from the bottom of vapourizing furnace.The technical barrier that thoroughly solves " suffering from vomiting and diarrhoea " is that can the powdered coal fluidized bed gasification stove reach one of key of economical operation, also is the major issue that numerous engineering technical personnel dream of.
Summary of the invention
To the present invention is directed to that the fine coal transformation efficiency that existing method for pulverized coal gasification has is low, gasifier operation is uneconomical etc. not enough and propose, and what aim to provide a kind of fine coal transformation efficiency height, vapourizing furnace economical operation a kind ofly has a method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that has flying dust pressure recycle system, the coal gas that the coal gasification reaction produces is carried fly ash granule secretly, the coal gas of carrying fly ash granule secretly makes coal gas separate with fly ash granule through cyclonic separator, fly ash granule after the separation enters the below of gas distribution grid in the vapourizing furnace, burns again and gasification reaction.Burn and during gasification reaction again in the below that fly ash granule enters gas distribution grid, the carbon in the fly ash granule is burnt again and gasify and generate coal gas, greyly improved the efficiency of carbon conversion of fine coal by fusion again, also makes the operation of vapourizing furnace more economically.
As preferably, a kind of flying dust that has forces the method for pulverized coal gasification of recycle system may further comprise the steps:
A. fine coal is put into and added coal bunker, fine coal enters the close phase section of vapourizing furnace through quantitative spiral;
B. the central jet pipe of gas distribution grid below is injected first vaporized chemical, and first vaporized chemical is blown into fine coal the fluidisation material of the close phase section of vapourizing furnace.First oxygenant can be regulated the temperature of oxidation high-temperature zone, center.Oxygen more than 95% is called for short pipe core from the center jet pipe, and the center oxidation zone that has entered vapourizing furnace after having mixed with water vapor with carbon generation oxidizing reaction, generates carbonic acid gas or carbon monoxide, and release of heat is with the granule materials heating of periphery.Because the restriction of gas efflux velocity, generally between 50m/s to 80m/s, the certain altitude that makes progress at the pipe core mouth of pipe, for example, 0.6 upwards promote to forming one and another air pocket between the 1.2m, push on this bubble the material that draws the grid distributor bottom, the material ecto-entad of periphery replenishes, the ingenious combination of Here it is gas distribution grid and central jet pipe makes material form very important internal recycle.
C. coal generation burning and the gasification reaction in vaporized chemical and the fluidisation material and generate coal gas.Three road oxygenants all react with coal, carry fly ash granule secretly in the coal gas of generation, and bigger particle participates in the internal recycle of emulsion zone material, and smaller particles is along with air-flow enters cyclonic separator.
D. coal gas enters first step cyclonic separator through vapourizing furnace dilute phase section, and first step cyclonic separator is removed the fly ash granule of carrying secretly in the coal gas, and fly ash granule enters one and revolves the returning charge valve.One revolves the returning charge valve in the operational process of whole vapourizing furnace, no matter be to drive to start, the discharge that still stops need not manual operation.When vapourizing furnace normally moved, this returning charge valve guaranteed that with automatic regulating valve door aperture the fine powder that cyclonic separator captures enters injector reposefully, also can stop gas to enter cyclonic separator from bottom to up simultaneously.
E. coal gas enters second stage cyclonic separator, and second stage cyclonic separator is removed the fly ash granule of carrying secretly in the coal gas, and fly ash granule is introduced into two and revolves the returning charge valve, enters one then and revolves the returning charge valve.Two revolve returning charge valve and revolves the returning charge valve and has identical functions.
F. a fly ash granule that revolves in the returning charge valve enters gas injector, directly enters the high temperature oxidation district of the close phase section of vapourizing furnace then by the centre of gas distribution grid, burns again and gasification reaction.When these fly ash granules are captured and deliver to the position that vapourizing furnace bottom dense center, oxygen are concentrated relatively by cyclonic separator, oxidation (burning) reaction will extremely promptly take place in the carbon that is in the small-particle more than 600 degrees centigrade, basically be converted to main component carbon monoxide and the carbonic acid gas of coal gas, and incorporate main air stream.
As preferably, the coal gas that gasification reaction produces is discharged from second stage cyclonic separator.After the processing through the two stage cyclone separator, obtain purer coal gas.
As preferably, the lime-ash that gasification reaction produces is discharged from the lime-ash delivery pipe.
As preferably, second vaporized chemical is injected vapourizing furnace from the gas distribution grid both sides.The main effect of second oxygenant is the fluidisation of guaranteeing material, promotes that material moves to the center, avoids occurring material and remains in a standstill.
As preferably, second vaporized chemical is water vapour and oxygen.The volumetric molar concentration of oxygen is about 5%.Whether the oxygen volumetric molar concentration about 5% can be monitored the grid distributor bottom has the injection pipe wear or breaks, because pipe wear or break and have the leakage of carbon, with the rising that can cause the grid distributor temperature of lower after oxygen contacts.
As preferably, the 3rd vaporized chemical is introduced vapourizing furnace from the lime-ash delivery pipe.The major function of the 3rd vaporized chemical is to reduce the temperature of lime-ash, makes the temperature of lime-ash drop to the receptible degree of upstream device.
As preferably, the 3rd vaporized chemical is water vapour.
As preferably, first vaporized chemical is water vapour and oxygen.The volumetric molar concentration control of oxygen is between 45% and 75%.
According to technical scheme of the present invention, a kind of flying dust that has forces the method for pulverized coal gasification of recycle system by gas injector being installed between the vertical tremie pipe of the PC-FB coke powder recycle system and the vapourizing furnace, by gas injector with the fly ash granule that the reclaims centre by gas distribution grid, directly enter the high temperature oxidation district of vapourizing furnace, burning and gasification reaction take place again, thereby improve the efficiency of carbon conversion of fine coal, the efficiency of carbon conversion of brown coal and bituminous coal is reached more than 98%.The technical program is for the low grade coal of " three high is low ", i.e. the coal of high-sulfur, high ash, high grey melt temperature and low reaction activity, and efficiency of carbon conversion also can reach more than 92%.In addition, this programme is also considered after fly ash granule enters the high temperature oxidation district for the present invention, because the burning of carbon can improve a step again with original relatively-high temperature.Be to prevent because the excessive fusion of coal ash that high temperature may cause, and the ash discharge passage that this excessive fusion may cause stops up, perhaps full bed sintering.For this reason, the percentage of open area of gas distribution grid and the jet direction of each pore have been done corresponding adjustment, purpose is the transverse flow of reinforcing particle material, and the part of avoiding high temperature to cause remains in a standstill, and even sintering.The present invention has also manufactured following great adjustment to the branch of oxygen, namely the oxygen more than 95% enters from the central jet pipe of vapourizing furnace bottom, this not only is conducive to the formation of height of center warm area, also be conducive to improve the gasification reaction temperature of whole stove, improve the effective constituent carbon monoxide and the hydrogen that generate coal gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has the gasification furnace structure synoptic diagram that flying dust is forced the method for pulverized coal gasification of recycle system for the present invention is a kind of.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gas distribution grid among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged diagram at A place among Fig. 2.
1, the close phase section 2 of vapourizing furnace, vapourizing furnace dilute phase section 3, first step cyclonic separator 4, second stage cyclonic separator 5, two revolve that returning charge valve 6, revolves returning charge valve 7, gas injector 8, gas distribution grid 9, central jet pipe 10, lime-ash delivery pipe 11, adds coal bunker 12, quantitative spiral
Embodiment
Describe in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the present invention of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that has flying dust pressure recycle system, it is characterized in that: the coal gas that the coal gasification reaction produces is carried fly ash granule secretly, the coal gas of carrying fly ash granule secretly makes coal gas separate with fly ash granule through cyclonic separator, fly ash granule after the separation enters the below of gas distribution grid 8 in the vapourizing furnace, burns again and gasification reaction.
A kind of flying dust that has forces the method for pulverized coal gasification of recycle system specifically to may further comprise the steps:
A. fine coal is put into and added coal bunker 11, fine coal enters the close phase section 1 of vapourizing furnace through quantitative spiral 12;
B. the central jet pipe 9 of gas distribution grid 8 belows is injected first vaporized chemical, and first vaporized chemical is blown into fine coal the fluidisation material of the close phase section 1 of vapourizing furnace;
C. coal generation burning and the gasification reaction in vaporized chemical and the fluidisation material and generate coal gas;
D. coal gas enters first step cyclonic separator 3 through vapourizing furnace dilute phase section 2, and first step cyclonic separator 3 is removed the fly ash granule of carrying secretly in the coal gas, and fly ash granule enters one and revolves returning charge valve 6;
E. coal gas enters second stage cyclonic separator 4, and second stage cyclonic separator 4 is removed the fly ash granule of carrying secretly in the coal gas, and fly ash granule is introduced into two and revolves returning charge valve 5, enters one then and revolves returning charge valve 6;
F. a fly ash granule that revolves in the returning charge valve 6 enters gas injector 7, directly enters the high temperature oxidation district of the close phase section 1 of vapourizing furnace then by the centre of gas distribution grid 8, burns again and gasification reaction
The coal gas that gasification reaction produces is discharged from second stage cyclonic separator 4.
The lime-ash that gasification reaction produces is discharged from lime-ash delivery pipe 10.
Second vaporized chemical is injected vapourizing furnace from gas distribution grid 8 both sides.
Second vaporized chemical is water vapour and oxygen.
The 3rd vaporized chemical is introduced vapourizing furnace from lime-ash delivery pipe 10.
The 3rd vaporized chemical is water vapour.
First vaporized chemical is water vapour and oxygen.
In a word, the above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application claim change and modify, and all should belong to the covering scope of patent of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind has the method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system, it is characterized in that: the coal gas that the coal gasification reaction produces is carried fly ash granule secretly, the coal gas of carrying fly ash granule secretly makes coal gas separate with fly ash granule through cyclonic separator, fly ash granule after the separation enters the below of gas distribution grid in the vapourizing furnace (8), burns again and gasification reaction.
2. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A. fine coal is put into and added coal bunker (11), fine coal enters the close phase section of vapourizing furnace (1) through quantitative spiral (12);
B. the central jet pipe (9) of gas distribution grid (8) below is injected first vaporized chemical, and first vaporized chemical is blown into fine coal the fluidisation material of the close phase section of vapourizing furnace (1);
C. coal generation burning and the gasification reaction in vaporized chemical and the fluidisation material and generate coal gas;
D. coal gas enters first step cyclonic separator (3) through vapourizing furnace dilute phase section (2), and first step cyclonic separator (3) is removed the fly ash granule of carrying secretly in the coal gas, and fly ash granule enters one and revolves returning charge valve (6);
E. coal gas enters second stage cyclonic separator (4), and second stage cyclonic separator (4) is removed the fly ash granule of carrying secretly in the coal gas, and fly ash granule is introduced into two and revolves returning charge valve (5), enters one then and revolves returning charge valve (6);
F. a fly ash granule that revolves in the returning charge valve (6) enters gas injector (7), directly enters the high temperature oxidation district of the close phase section of vapourizing furnace (1) then by the centre of gas distribution grid (8), burns again and gasification reaction.
3. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the coal gas that gasification reaction produces is discharged from second stage cyclonic separator (4).
4. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the lime-ash that gasification reaction produces is discharged from lime-ash delivery pipe (10).
5. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: second vaporized chemical is injected vapourizing furnace from gas distribution grid (8) both sides.
6. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: second vaporized chemical is water vapour and oxygen.
7. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the 3rd vaporized chemical is introduced vapourizing furnace from lime-ash delivery pipe (10).
8. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the 3rd vaporized chemical is water vapour.
9. a kind of method for pulverized coal gasification that flying dust is forced recycle system that has according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: first vaporized chemical is water vapour and oxygen.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103911179A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-09 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | Coal gasification method and device |
| CN104593088A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-06 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal gasification reaction device and method |
| CN105132039A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-09 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Fluidized-bed fly ash back-to- furnace gasification apparatus and method |
| CN105779020A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 鲁西化工集团股份有限公司煤化工分公司 | Coarse coal gas purification and waste heat recovery system and method |
| CN106010666A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed gasifying system and gasifying method thereof |
| CN106554826A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Circulation fluidized bed coal gasifying method and device with fine ash melting |
| CN107043641A (en) * | 2016-02-06 | 2017-08-15 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Circulation fluidized bed coal gasifying method and device with fine ash loopback |
| CN107557074A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 广西信发铝电有限公司 | A kind of coal gas production method |
| CN108753368A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | A kind of circulation fluidized bed coal gasifying system and method |
| CN108753367A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-06 | 上海正申建设工程有限公司 | A kind of the fluid bed powder coal gasification device and technique of flying dust zero-emission |
| CN110055109A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-07-26 | 新能能源有限公司 | Fluidized-bed gasification furnace gasifying agent conveyance control method and system |
| CN110566977A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-13 | 西安交通大学 | Uniform and continuous feeding device for waste incineration fly ash particles |
| CN111019713A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-04-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Material returning system |
| CN111054274A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pulverized coal fluidized gasification and separation device and method |
| CN112111304A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-22 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Fly ash circulating gasification system and recovery treatment method of fly ash in coal gas |
| CN112238004A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cyclone separator and pulverized coal fluidization gasification separation device |
| CN113072979A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal gasification furnace and method for coal gasification |
| CN114479948A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 上海泽镨工程科技有限公司 | Medium-temperature powder returning system of jet fluidized bed gasification furnace for coal synthesis gas |
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| CN103911179A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-09 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | Coal gasification method and device |
| CN104593088A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-06 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal gasification reaction device and method |
| CN105132039A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-09 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Fluidized-bed fly ash back-to- furnace gasification apparatus and method |
| CN105132039B (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2018-01-12 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | CFB fly ash returns furnace gas device and method |
| CN106554826A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Circulation fluidized bed coal gasifying method and device with fine ash melting |
| CN106554826B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Circulating fluidized bed coal gasification method and device with fine ash fusion |
| CN107043641A (en) * | 2016-02-06 | 2017-08-15 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Circulation fluidized bed coal gasifying method and device with fine ash loopback |
| CN105779020A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 鲁西化工集团股份有限公司煤化工分公司 | Coarse coal gas purification and waste heat recovery system and method |
| CN105779020B (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2019-04-16 | 鲁西化工集团股份有限公司煤化工分公司 | A kind of raw gas purifying and waste heat recycling system and method |
| CN106010666A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed gasifying system and gasifying method thereof |
| CN106010666B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2022-03-22 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed gasification system and gasification method thereof |
| CN107557074A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 广西信发铝电有限公司 | A kind of coal gas production method |
| CN110055109A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-07-26 | 新能能源有限公司 | Fluidized-bed gasification furnace gasifying agent conveyance control method and system |
| CN110055109B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2024-05-03 | 新能能源有限公司 | Gasifying agent conveying control method and system for fluidized bed gasifier |
| CN108753367A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-06 | 上海正申建设工程有限公司 | A kind of the fluid bed powder coal gasification device and technique of flying dust zero-emission |
| CN108753368A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | A kind of circulation fluidized bed coal gasifying system and method |
| CN108753368B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2024-03-05 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed coal gasification system and method |
| CN111054274A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pulverized coal fluidized gasification and separation device and method |
| CN112238004A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cyclone separator and pulverized coal fluidization gasification separation device |
| CN110566977A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-13 | 西安交通大学 | Uniform and continuous feeding device for waste incineration fly ash particles |
| CN110566977B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-05-26 | 西安交通大学 | Uniform and continuous feeding device for waste incineration fly ash particles |
| CN111019713A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-04-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Material returning system |
| CN112111304A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-22 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Fly ash circulating gasification system and recovery treatment method of fly ash in coal gas |
| CN113072979A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal gasification furnace and method for coal gasification |
| CN113072979B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-06-24 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal gasification furnace and method for coal gasification |
| CN114479948A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 上海泽镨工程科技有限公司 | Medium-temperature powder returning system of jet fluidized bed gasification furnace for coal synthesis gas |
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Application publication date: 20130703 |