CN1031748A - Hydraulic electromagnetic change valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the awl sliding valve style two-position three way solenoid directional control valve that hydraulic system is used, it includes electromagnet, places the awl sliding spool that has flow force compensation of valve opening in the valve body, Returnning spring, and valve gap and push rod have a passage to connect the chamber at spool two ends.Only need outside connection of change just can obtain two kinds of function figure.The four-way valve that four kinds of function figure are arranged is formed in two two position three-way valve butt joints of the present invention, and this valve can be made four five-way valves and use.Advantage of the present invention is that required electromagnet thrust is little, and multiple valve function figure is arranged, and the one valve flow reaches 200 liters/minute during pressure 315 crust, and commutation does not steadily have impact, and volume is little, and is in light weight, and cost is low.

Description

Hydraulic electromagnetic change valve

The invention relates to the awl sliding valve style solenoid directional control valve of hydraulic system.Awl sliding valve style solenoid directional control valve can controlled hydraulic system in the direction of liquid stream, this valve is particularly suitable for using in high-pressure high flux hydraulic power system.It comprises awl sliding valve style two-position three way and four four-ways or four five-way solenoid directional control valves.

The present P-A that uses, the two-position three way solenoid directional control valve of A-T function has two kinds of patterns: a kind of is sliding valve style two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve to be blocked a path B make two position three-way valve and use and (to see Mannesmann's one BOSCH-REXROTH " industrial hydraulic element hydraulic product specification ", the 1st volume, the the 323rd to 334 page of WE-10 of Chinese edition and 5-WE type two position three way directional control valve), this pattern is because spool is a sliding valve style, there are two reverse power of surging that are difficult to overcome, big frictional force between spool and valve opening, add upper valve core centering locate required Returnning spring big give tight power, make when high-pressure high-flow, therefore electromagnet pushes away not movable valve plug, the flow of this pattern very little (charge oil pressure when 315 crust flow less than 40 liters/minute); Another kind is that spherically seated two-position three way solenoid directional control valve (is seen Mannesmann-BOSCH-REXROTH " industrial hydraulic element hydraulic product specification ", the 1st volume, the the 247th to 262 page of SE-6 of Chinese edition and SE-10 type two position three way directional control valve), this type is owing to exist axial unbalanced static pressure, its flow also very little (less than 36 liters/minute).When flow surpasses 40 liters/minute (pressure 315 crust), need electro-hydraulic reversing valve with two-stage, its volume and weight is big, the cost height.The valve of these two kinds of patterns also has such problem: have only a kind of valve function figure.To existing two-position four-way or 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, not only figure place is few but also under the situation of not changing spool and other part, also has only a kind of valve function figure.

For addressing the above problem, it is little that the present invention proposes a kind of single-stage, high-pressure high-flow, required electromagnet thrust, and any part that does not change valve only need change the outside awl sliding valve style solenoid directional control valve that just can obtain multimachine energy figure that connects of valve.

This valve is by electromagnet, the valve body of band oil supply gallery, working oil passage, drainback passage and valve opening, the awl sliding spool, Returnning spring, valve gap, push rod is formed, have right chamber that communicates with drainback passage and the circular groove that communicates with oil supply gallery in the valve body, form conical valve base between right chamber and valve opening, placing the spool in the valve opening is awl sliding spool structure, has a passage to connect right chamber and left chamber.

The frustum and the valve seat in the valve body of awl sliding spool form cone valve, the sliding plug of awl sliding spool and the circular groove of valve opening form guiding valve, cone valve and guiding valve are respectively controlled the logical and disconnected of a flow channel, when an electromagnet energising, electromagnet thrust moves the awl sliding spool by the frictional force that push rod overcomes Returnning spring power and guiding valve place, guiding valve closes, cone valve leaves, and allows liquid stream by cone valve, and promptly A-T is logical; When electromagnet cut off the power supply, Returnning spring was driven cone valve pass, guiding valve, allowed liquid stream by guiding valve, and promptly P-A is logical, constitutes two-position three way like this.Because the frustum of this structure can be eliminated the flow through power of surging at cone valve place of liquid stream, a folk prescription at only remaining guiding valve place has reduced the thrust of required electromagnet to the power of surging; Simultaneously because the guiding valve place has only a sliding plug and valve opening relative movement, and realize so-called " along awl " easily one side and do not cause sliding plug to press to the radial force that reduced of valve opening, frictional force has obviously reduced; Also because the positioning action of cone valve does not need Returnning spring that the big tight power of giving is arranged, this has just reduced the thrust that makes spool move required electromagnet significantly.Under same electromagnet thrust, working pressure and flow have increased substantially, when flow greater than 40 liters/minute less than 200 liters/timesharing, no longer need to use the two-stage electro-hydraulic reversing valve, thereby volume weight is little, cost is low.

Because the liquid of guiding valve may command two-way flow stream, thereby two-position three way solenoid directional control valve of the present invention only need change outside connection and need not change the function figure that any part just can obtain two kinds of valves.

A kind of four four-way electromagnetic reversing valves that the present invention proposes remove valve gap with two two-position three way solenoid directional control valves of the present invention and dock composition.According to above-mentioned, when four kinds of combinations of the on-off electricity that uses two electromagnet, form four-way valve, same needs the outside connection of change can constitute four kinds of work function modes, there is dual mode to have four four kinds of function dual modes and has the four-way valve of three kinds of functions, and need not change any part of valve.Because five hydraulic fluid ports of this four-way valve are mutually independently,, uses this four-way valve so also can making four five-way solenoid directional control valves.

Advantage of the present invention is that required electromagnet thrust is little, and during pressure 315 crust, the one valve working flow can reach 200 liters/minute, and any part that need not change valve only need change and outside connection of valve just can obtain multimachine and can scheme, and volume is little, and is in light weight, and cost is low.

Accompanying drawing of the present invention has seven:

Fig. 1. the sectional drawing of awl sliding valve style two-position three way solenoid directional control valve during the electromagnet no electric circuit.

Fig. 2. the sectional drawing of awl sliding valve style two-position three way solenoid directional control valve during the electromagnet energising.

Fig. 3. the function figure of awl sliding valve style two-position three way solenoid directional control valve.

Fig. 4. the sectional drawing of the awl sliding valve style two-position three way solenoid directional control valve of band balancing pole.

Fig. 5. four four-way electromagnetics of awl sliding valve style are to the sectional drawing of valve.

Fig. 6. the function figure of four four-way electromagnetic reversing valves of awl sliding valve style.

Fig. 7. the awl sliding spool has the partial section view of the sliding plug of profile structure.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1 is first kind of embodiment of the present invention, and it is an awl sliding valve style two-position three way solenoid directional control valve.It includes electromagnet 1, valve body 2, awl sliding spool 3, Returnning spring 4, damping stopple 5, valve gap 6, end cap 29, push rod 23.Valve body 2 includes a valve opening 7, right chamber 10,22, two circular grooves 8 of conical valve base and 9 of right chamber 10 and 7 formation of valve opening, oil supply gallery 11, working oil passage 12, drainback passage 13, oil supply gallery 11 communicates with valve opening 7 by circular groove 8, and working oil passage 12 also can be direct by circular groove 9(, circular groove 9 promptly is not set) communicate with valve opening 7, drainback passage 13 communicates with right chamber 10.Awl sliding spool 3 is by sliding plug 15, and frustum 14 and connecting rod 16 are formed, and structure also can form a whole; Frustum 14 is to be 0 ° to 10 ° left truncate cone 17 by semi-cone angle, semi-cone angle be 45 ° to 80 ° in truncate cone 18, the integral body that the platform 19 of band shape plane 19a constitutes; Sliding plug 15 matches to merge therein with valve opening 7 and slides, and sliding plug 15 is separated into 7a of left chamber and middle chamber 7b to valve opening 7; Have passage 32 that right chamber 10 is communicated with the 7a of left chamber in the awl sliding spool 3, damping stopple 5 is arranged in the passage 32, this damping stopple also can be arranged in the passage that can be communicated with right chamber 10 and the 7a of left chamber in the valve body 2, and damping hole 5a is arranged in the damping stopple 5.Valve gap 6 is fastenedly connected by screw 20 and valve body 2, also can connect by other connecting piece, and O-ring seals 21 places valve body 2.Push rod 23 passes from the hole 30 of end cap 29 and can withstand on the spool 3.Manual lever 26 is arranged in the electromagnet 1.

Describe its working principle in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2: when the electromagnet no electric circuit, awl sliding spool 3 is under the effect of Returnning spring 4, wherein the conical surface 18a of cone 18 is crushed on the valve seat 22, and sliding plug 15 is opened slide opening 31, and then pressure oil is from passage 11, be that the P mouth is through slide opening 31, flow to passage 12 through middle chamber 7b again, i.e. A mouth, P communicates with A, because middle cone 18 is pressed on the valve seat 22 middle chamber 7b and right chamber 10 are cut off, promptly P, A and T are obstructed.After the electromagnet energising, push rod 23 is pushed away to the right by the frictional force that the thrust of the armature 24 of electromagnet 1 and push rod 25 overcomes 7 of the spring force of Returnning spring 4 and sliding plug 15 and valve openings, driving spool 3 simultaneously moves to right, open the very little throttling opening that left cone 17 and middle cone 18 and conical valve base 22 form, what allow that the fluid of A mouth is obstructed flows to the T mouth, owing to flowing out through the planar annular 19a vertical with axis 27 along conical surface 18a, the liquid stream that flows out from middle chamber 7b leaves spool 3, the liquid stream that flows into middle chamber 7b is vertical with axis 27, so exist at cone valve place aneroid power, what produce at the guiding valve place surges force direction along axis 27 to the right, helping electromagnet that cone valve is opened, when spool 3 is shifted to the right to sliding plug 15 again circular groove 8 complete hidings are firmly begun, the bottom surface 17a of left side cone 17 is concordant with valve seat surface 28, begin to block the liquid stream that the P mouth flows to the A mouth this moment, opened the circulation passage of A mouth and T mouth, hereafter, spool 3 is shifted onto as shown in Figure 2 another limit position by electromagnet 1 always, this moment, the P mouth was closed fully, and the A mouth communicates with the T mouth fully.After the electromagnet outage, Returnning spring 4 pushes away spool 3 left, after the bottom surface of left cone 17 17a and valve seat surface 28 are concordant, sliding plug 15 begins to open guiding valve place opening 31, allow the liquid stream of P mouth to flow to the A mouth, the force direction that surges at this place remains to the right, and Returnning spring 4 overcomes this surge power and above-mentioned frictional force makes spool 3 reset to a limit position shown in Figure 1, the P mouth communicates fully with the A mouth, and obstructed fully with the T mouth.Damping hole 5a in the damping stopple 5 plays damping function to the motion of spool 3, to prevent reversing impact, makes commutation steadily.Owing to have only the unidirectional hydraulic power in guiding valve place; Simultaneously owing to have only a sliding plug 15 and valve opening 7 relative movement, and easily realize so-called " along awl " one side and do not cause spool 3 to press to the radial force that reduced of valve opening 7, reduced frictional force; Again because the positioning action of cone valve, Returnning spring 4 to give tight power little, this just greatly reduces the thrust of required electromagnet.Under same electromagnet thrust, working pressure and flow have increased considerably, when flow greater than 40 liters/minute less than 200 liters/timesharing, no longer need with volume weight big, the two-stage electro hydraulic valve that cost is high, thus volume weight of the present invention and cost have all reduced.

The function figure of the two-position three way solenoid directional control valve of the invention described above is shown in Fig. 3 (a).According to said structure and working principle, because the two-way liquid stream of guiding valve may command flows, so after P mouth and the exchange of A mouth, promptly the P mouth is connected road 12, the A mouth is connected road 11, just obtain second kind of function figure of present embodiment, shown in Fig. 3 (b).Like this, as long as change the outside any part that just can obtain the function figure of dual mode and need not change valve that connects.

Fig. 4 is second kind of embodiment of the present invention.It is to increase balancing pole 39 on first kind of embodiment, and it can slide in the hole 38 of valve gap 6, and its left end convex shoulder 34 is inlaid in the groove 35 of spool 3, and O-ring seals 33 prevents that fluid from leaking outside valve, and the convex shoulder 36 of push rod 23 right-hand members is inlaid in the groove 37 of spool 3.Other situation is identical with first kind of embodiment.Since balancing pole 39 balances act on static pressure on the spool 3, so the return oil pressure height that this embodiment allows.

Fig. 5 is the third embodiment of the present invention, and it is four four-way electromagnetic reversing valves of an awl sliding valve style.It is to remove valve gap 6 by two first kind of embodiments, a shared spring 4 and take back the passage 13 of hydraulic fluid port T, and butt joint is got up with screw 20 or other connecting piece the valve body 2 and 2 ' formation that tightens together.Among Fig. 5 among the right part of valve and label thereof and Fig. 1 corresponding part and label thereof identical, the piece mark of left side valve is that the upper right corner of the corresponding piece mark of valve on the right adds a left-falling stroke.

This embodiment's working condition is described below in conjunction with Fig. 5: when passage 11 and 11 ' connect the P mouth, 12 connect the B mouth, 12 ' when connecing the A mouth, when electromagnet 1 outage, during 1 ' energising, then the P mouth communicates with the B mouth, and the A mouth communicates with the T mouth; When electromagnet 1 energising, during 1 ' outage, the P mouth communicates with the A mouth, and the B mouth communicates with the T mouth; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all cutting off the power supply, the P mouth communicates with A mouth and B mouth, and T mouth and P, A, B mouth are all obstructed; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all switching on, the T mouth communicates with A, B mouth, P mouth and A, B, T mouth are all obstructed.Its function figure is illustrated on Fig. 6 (a).

If passage 11 connects the B mouth, 11 ' connect the A mouth, 12 and 12 ' connect the P mouth, when electromagnet 1 outage, during 1 ' energising, P, B, T mouth communicate, and A mouth and P, B, T mouth are all obstructed; When electromagnet 1 energising, during 1 ' outage, then P, A, T mouth communicate, and B mouth and P, A, T mouth are all obstructed; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all cutting off the power supply, P, A, B mouth communicate, T mouth and P, A, B mouth are all obstructed; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all switching on, the P mouth communicates with the T mouth, A mouth and B mouth are obstructed and all obstructed with P, T mouth.Its function figure is illustrated on Fig. 6 (b).

If passage 11 connects the B mouth, 11 ' and 12 connect the P mouth, 12 ' connect the A mouth, when electromagnet 1 outage, during electromagnet 1 ' energising, the P mouth communicates with the B mouth, and the A mouth communicates with the T mouth; When electromagnet 1 energising, during electromagnet 1 ' outage, the P mouth communicates with A, T mouth, and is obstructed with the B mouth; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all cutting off the power supply, the P mouth communicates with A, B mouth, and is obstructed with the T mouth; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all switching on, A, P, T mouth communicate, and be obstructed with the B mouth.Its function figure is illustrated on Fig. 6 (c).

If passage 11 and 12 ' connect the P mouth, 12 connect the B mouth, 11 ' connect the A mouth, when electromagnet 1 outage, during 1 ' energising, the P mouth communicates with B, T mouth, and is obstructed with the A mouth; When electromagnet 1 ' outage, during 1 energising, the P mouth communicates with the A mouth, and the B mouth communicates with the T mouth; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all cutting off the power supply, the P mouth communicates with A, B mouth, and is obstructed with the T mouth; When electromagnet 1 and 1 ' when all switching on, the P mouth communicates with B, T mouth, and is obstructed with the A mouth.Its function figure is shown in Fig. 6 (d).

Because passage 11,12,11 ', 12 ' and 13 be mutually independently, can connect P, A, B, T, and C mouth, use so present embodiment also can be made four five-way solenoid directional control valves.

Fig. 7 is the 4th kind of embodiment of the present invention, it is characterized in that making profile 15a at the right-hand member of sliding plug 15 of awl sliding spool 3, the tangent line at profile 15a left end starting point 15c place and the angle theta 1 of axis 27 are 30 ° to 80 °, the tangent line at profile 15a right-hand member terminal point 15d place and the angle theta 2 of axis 27 are 20 ° to 80 °, the diameter of cylndrical surface 15b is less than or equal to the diameter of sliding plug 15, and other situation is identical with aforementioned each embodiment.Because spool 3 has only a sliding plug 15, have only one liquid starting point 15c that flows through to flow out from terminal point 15d, so can well reduce the power of surging at guiding valve place significantly, thereby reduced the power of Returnning spring 4 significantly, further reduce the thrust of required electromagnet, promptly only needed little electromagnet thrust just can promote spool 3 commutations.This embodiment working flow than aforementioned each embodiment's use under same electromagnet thrust is also big.

Claims (11)

1, a kind of two-position three way solenoid directional control valve is by electromagnet 1, the valve body 2 that has oil supply gallery 11, working oil passage 12, drainback passage 13 and valve opening 7, spool 3, Returnning spring 4, valve gap 6, push rod 23 is formed, feature of the present invention is: have right chamber 10 that communicates with drainback passage 13 and the circular groove 8 that communicates with oil supply gallery 11 in the valve body 2,7 of right chamber 10 and valve openings form conical valve base 22, and placing the spool in the valve opening 7 is the awl slide-valve structure, has a passage to connect right chamber 10 and the 7a of left chamber.

2, two-position three way solenoid directional control valve according to claim 1 is characterized in that having a balancing pole 39 to be contained in awl sliding spool 3 and the valve gap 6.

3, two-position three way solenoid directional control valve according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that oil supply gallery 11 and working oil passage 12 can exchange, and forms P-A, the valve of P-T function figure.

4, two-position three way solenoid directional control valve according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that boring sliding spool 3 and form by sliding plug 15, frustum 14 and connecting rod 16, frustum be by semi-cone angle be 0 ° to 10 ° left truncate cone 17, semi-cone angle be 45 ° to 80 ° in an integral body constituting of the platform 19 of truncate cone 18 and band shape plane 19a.

5, two-position three way solenoid directional control valve according to claim 3, it is characterized in that boring sliding spool 3 and form by sliding plug 15, frustum 14 and connecting rod 16, frustum be by semi-cone angle be 0 ° to 80 ° left truncate cone 17, semi-cone angle be 45 ° to 80 ° in an integral body constituting of the platform 19 of truncate cone 18 and band shape plane 19a.

6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 described two-position three way solenoid directional control valves, the passage that it is characterized in that connecting right chamber 10 and the 7a of left chamber can be opened in awl sliding spool 3.

7, two-position three way solenoid directional control valve according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that connecting in the passage of right chamber 10 and the 7a of left chamber damping stopple 5 can be housed.

8, according to claim 4 or 5 described two-position three way solenoid directional control valves, it is characterized in that profile 15a being set at the right-hand member of sliding plug 15 of awl sliding spool 3, the tangent line at the left end starting point 15c place of profile 15a and the angle theta 1 of axis 27 are 30 ° to 80 °, the tangent line at profile 15a right-hand member terminal point 15d place and the angle theta 2 of axis 27 are 20 ° to 80 °, and the diameter of cylndrical surface 15b is less than or equal to the diameter of sliding plug 15.

9, according to claim 1 or 3 described two-position three way solenoid directional control valves, it is characterized in that two two-position three way solenoid directional control valves are removed valve gap 6 usefulness links to be docked, a shared spring and drainback passage constitute four four-way electromagnetic reversing valves.

10, four four-way electromagnetic reversing valves according to claim 9 is characterized in that oil supply gallery 11,11 ' and working oil passage 12,12 ' can exchange combination constituting function figure as shown in Figure 6.

11,, it is characterized in that itself is exactly four five-way solenoid directional control valves according to claim 9 or 10 described four four-way electromagnetic reversing valves.

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