CN103170500B - Device for electrically removing heavy metals and organic pollutants from soil or sludge - Google Patents
Device for electrically removing heavy metals and organic pollutants from soil or sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN103170500B CN103170500B CN201310078361.3A CN201310078361A CN103170500B CN 103170500 B CN103170500 B CN 103170500B CN 201310078361 A CN201310078361 A CN 201310078361A CN 103170500 B CN103170500 B CN 103170500B
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for electrically removing heavy metals and organic pollutants from soil or sludge. The device comprises a rotary drum, a gear, an outer closed-loop hinged crawler belt and a closed-loop conveying crawler belt, wherein a conductive material covers the rotary drum, and a reaction material layer is wrapped outside the conductive material; the gear surrounds the rotary drum; the outer closed-loop hinged crawler belt is made of a conductive material and engaged on the gear to realize closed-loop operation; and the closed-loop conveying crawler belt is used for conveying soil or sludge, penetrates through the clearance between the outer closed-loop hinged crawler belt and the rotary drum and is compacted on the rotary drum. The device is easy to operate and high in removal efficiency, and can be used for quickly, effectively and simultaneously removing the heavy metals and/or the organic pollutants from the polluted soil or the sludge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of removing harmful substance from soil or mud, relate to especially the electronic removal device of a kind of soil or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, belong to soil remediation and sewage sludge harmlessness process field.
Background technology
China has accumulated comparatively serious soil pollution in long-term course of industrialization.Some areas soil pollution is serious, has occurred soil seriously polluted area and high risk area in polluted enterprises or areal of industrial concentration, industrial and mineral mining area and surrounding area, city and suburban area; Soil pollution type is various, present the old and new's pollutant and deposit, inorganic organic composite pollute situation example.In recent years, in Development of China's Urbanization fast, moving back of the closure, suspension, merger and conversion of a large amount of factory and enterprises and city two enters three, and numerous resettlement enterprise has left a large amount of carryover contaminations place, wherein enrichment a large amount of harmful heavy metal and organic pollutions.Due to a large amount of uses and residual for a long time of agricultural chemicals, cause large area agricultural land soil to be subject to pollution by pesticides again; For another example oil field prospecting, oil exploitation, oil storage and transportation and gas station's leakages etc., have caused soil petroleum hydrocarbon to pollute ... serious soil pollution has all formed obvious threat to underground water, agricultural product quality, ecological environment and health.And China is just at the early-stage aspect soil remediation and reparation, very urgent to practical soil pollution recovery technique demand.
Up to now, the recovery technique of traditional contaminated soil mainly contains stable/curing technology, advanced oxidation processes, high temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP), chemical leaching method, phytoremediation, microorganism repairing method, gas phase extraction process etc.
Stable/curing technology is that some chemical substances are joined in contaminated soil, realize the stable of heavy metal and solidify by chemical reaction, although it has reduced the Leaching of heavy metal, cannot reduce the especially total amount of heavy metal of pollutant in soil, can not tackle the problem at its root.
Advanced oxidation processes is to add oxidant in polluted soil, thereby organic pollution is wherein oxidized to harmless micromolecular compound and inorganic salts, but easily the physicochemical property of soil is caused to serious adverse effect.
High temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP) is heat treatment technics, is by passing into vapours or heat soil by the method such as radio frequency, electrical heating in soil, thereby makes the pollutant in soil resolve into little molecule or innocuous substance.Shortcoming is to consume energy greatlyr, and the physicochemical property of soil is also had to adverse effect
Chemical leaching method refers to by means of promoting pollutant in soil environment to dissolve or the solvent of migration, and pollutant is leached out from soil particle, and isolated sewage is processed subsequently, thereby completes the pollutant removal of soil.The method operation is comparatively simple, but only effective to specific soil and pollutant, the scope of application is little, and elution efficiency is low.
Phytoremediation refers to the pollutant in physiological activity absorption or the degraded soil that utilizes plant or makes these pollutants become harmless method, mainly comprise plant extract, plant stability, phytovolatilization, plant degradation, rhizosphere filtering etc., certain plants can also be realized enrichment to a certain degree to the heavy metal in soil simultaneously.But the method cost is lower, simple to operate, but efficiency is too low, consuming time too very long.
Microorganism repairing method is mainly by utilizing nutrition and other chemicals to carry out activating microorganisms, makes the kilter of their maintenance metabolic activities, can fast decoupled and destruction pollutant.But the method needs constantly add biologic product in soil, and the mass transfer effect of microorganism in soil is bad, and this method cost is higher, and repairing efficiency is long, the while can only change the form of heavy metal and the heavy metal of can not degrading.
Soil vapor extraction method is to produce driving force by introduce clean air in contaminated soil, thereby utilizes the concentration gradient between solid phase of soil, liquid and gas, the pollutant in soil is converted into steam form and is removed.This method is applicable to the reparation of high volatile volatile organic polluted soil, as contaminated soils such as gasoline, benzene and tetrachloro-ethylenes, is not suitable for the removal of the organic pollution of fixedness; This technology removal efficiency is lower, the cycle grows (being the several years) etc.
Except a large amount of contaminated soils, industrial sludge and sludge of sewage treatment plant enormous amount, contain a large amount of heavy metals and moisture.And along with the acceleration of China's Development of China's Urbanization and the raising of sewage centralized treatment rate, China's sewage plant sludge annual production grows with each passing day, according to incompletely statistics, and by the end of the year 2010, the sewage treatment plant of China produces approximately 2,100 ten thousand tons of moisture 80% mud per year, and mud annual production from now on also can accelerated growth.The innoxious of mud is the cardinal principle that Treatment of Sludge is disposed, but the heavy metal containing in mud is major limitation and the influence factor of recycling sludge and minimizing.
The contamination hazard of heavy metal is serious and lasting, after the mud that contains heavy metal is applied to soil, can increase the content of heavy metal in soil, and the mankind, animal, the plants and soil ecosystem are all existed to potential serious harm.Consider based on this, before mud is applied to agriculture and forestry, must suitably process it, to reduce leachability and the biological effectiveness of heavy metal, weaken the adverse effect of Heavy Metals in Sludge.The curing technology of Heavy Metals in Sludge related generally to cement solidification method, lime solidification method, thermoplastic solidification method, vitrification, from cementation solidifying technology etc., but there is following defect in these methods: (1) has just changed the form of heavy metal, and do not change the total amount of heavy metal; (2) change largely the structure of mud, made mud sclerosis or increase-volume, limited follow-up recycling; (3) partly solidified method somewhat expensive, complicated operation, is difficult to apply.In order to overcome these defects, people have researched and developed the technology of heavy metal in multiple lignin-sludge, for example:
CN1061012A discloses a kind of method of removing sewage/Heavy Metals in Sludge, is mud is mixed with catalyst oxidant, regenerating oxidant and acid, forms active mud, then separates.
CN1273946A discloses the method for decomposing harmful chemical and heavy metal in mud, to utilize cyclodextrin and natural microbial mixed liquor to process, wherein natural microbial decompose digestion cyclodextrin in, the heavy metal ion that oxidable cyclodextrin adheres to.
WO0109045A discloses the method for carrying out purifying city mud with hybrid chemical and biological process, mud is mixed with acid leachate, enough low and be enough to dissolve most of heavy metal with the pH value that makes mud, then apply oxidation-reduction potential and separate to realize solid-liquid.
CN1436734A discloses a kind of crystallizing treatment process of heavy metal sewage sludge, mainly uses electrochemical redox and crystallization principle, by heavy metal sewage sludge by moltenly carrying, concentrate, the step such as crystallization, realize recovery and the utilization of heavy metal crystalline solid.
CN1544366A discloses a kind of method of lignin-sludge heavy metal, is to adopt sulfide and lime as fixative, realizes the stabilisation of heavy metal, has reduced its leaching rate.
CN1631940A discloses the macromolecular heavy metal chelating agent for heavy metal sewage sludge, uses this chelating agent can make the heavy metal in mud realize stabilisation.
WO2005035149A disclose a kind of from mud the method for separating beavy metal, that the mud that comprises heavy metal is supplied with in the cathodic region to reactive tank, under the existence of reducing atmosphere and strong acid or highly basic atmosphere gas, leaching ability of heavy metal electrolysis are analysed on cathode surface.
CN101265007A discloses and has adopted electric repairing technique to remove the method for heavy metals in city sewage sludge, wherein strengthens the electromigration ability of heavy metal as complexing agent with poly-epoxy succinic acid, and the clearance of heavy metal is reached more than 60%.
CN102701551A discloses a kind of industrial sludge treatment method, is in mud, to add non-conductor dispersant to nurse one's health, and then high-temperature baking, pulverizes and grind, and carries out heavy metal separate by wind and static.
CN102408177A discloses a kind of biological complex enzyme for recycling sludge, after this cellulase treatment mud, through dehydration, with fertile soil mixing granulation, mummification after obtain composite soil, this soil can be by heavy metals immobilization.
CN102503059A discloses the method for removing Heavy Metals in Sludge, is to utilize the pretreating process of multigelation to strengthen the electrokinetic process process that catholyte refluxes, thereby improves the removal efficiency of heavy metal.
CN102583916A discloses the method for removing Heavy Metals in Sludge, comprises use citric acid and hydrogen peroxide lixiviate heavy metal, heating using microwave, Separation of Solid and Liquid, hydro-oxidation sodium Precipitation heavy metal, and citric acid solution wherein can be recycled.
The people such as Wang Jing (Wang Jing, pay ice-melt, Luo Qishi, Zhang Changbo, Xu Yanying, " the static stabilization research of ferrous salt to heavy metals in city sewage sludge ", " environmental science ", the 4th phase of 31 volumes, p.210-214, in April, 2010) in disclose to combine and used ferrous salt and calcium hydroxide, can realize the good stabilisation of Heavy Metals in Sludge, can keep suitable pH value simultaneously.
Large quantity research shows, simple substance Zero-valent Iron (below sometimes also referred to as Fe) is the very strong reducing agent of a kind of electronation, can react with many heavy metals, for the reparation of heavy metal pollution underground water.
Existing many sections of prior aries disclose the reparation that iron can be used for heavy-metal contaminated soil.
In CN102039306A, disclose the method for processing metal Cu contaminated soil with iron wire, administered thereby can obtain stabilisation, there is effective, low cost and other advantages.
WO2004007379A discloses for original position reparation and has been subject to the soil of contaminated with halogenated hydrocarbons and/or the carried catalyst of underground water, and it includes Zero-valent Iron.
CN101011703A discloses and has accelerated the method that organic contaminants in soil deoxidization, degradation transforms, and it has utilized the strong reducing property of Zero-valent Iron simple substance.
CN1899717A discloses the method for electric power and iron PRB Combined Treatment heavy-metal contaminated soil, and iron PRB is installed between electrode and soil, utilize electric power by the heavy metal Migration And Concentration in soil to water body, more again it is removed from water body with iron PRB.
CN1623699A discloses a kind of composite strengthening method that in red soil, copper pollutes of removing, and in two end electrodes, place arranges electrolytic cell, and the acidity that adopts pH automatic control system to carry out control cathode treatment pond maintains suitable pH value scope.
In sum, although up to now, people have developed the method for multiple removal contaminated soil or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, but also there is deficiency to a certain degree in these methods, as complex operation, long processing period, power consumption is large, expense is high, be difficult to promote etc., especially still lacks simultaneously the heavy metal removed wherein and the technological means effective, easy and simple to handle of organic pollution.Therefore, under the real situation that China's contaminated soil area is huge at present, municipal sludge generation is increasing, how to remove plurality of heavy metal and organic pollution wherein simultaneously, be the important prerequisite that realizes soil remediation and sewage sludge harmlessness processing, Ye Shi environment circle is the great difficult problem for paying close attention to deeply.
Based on above-mentioned, in order to remove heavy metal and the organic pollution in contaminated soil or mud simultaneously, exploitation one flexibly, treatment facility and/or device efficiently, be the active demand in soil remediation field and sewage sludge harmlessness, resource field.
Summary of the invention
Consider the shortcomings and deficiencies of above-mentioned prior art, present inventor is from practical application, after a large amount of creationary further investigations, develop the device that polluted soil and Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution are removed in a kind of simple operation, operation efficiently, by novelty design, the Collaboration of various structures element and/or parts in this device, can remove heavy metal and/or the organic pollution in polluted soil or mud effective and rapidly simultaneously.This device wide adaptability, all has very strong removal ability for most harmful heavy metals and organic pollution, and the integrated performance index such as removal efficiency, treatment cycle of harmful substance is all better than to all existing known devices.
Described device of the present invention is a kind of soil and/or mud to be realized to the equipment that original position or dystopy continous way are removed fast, by the use of this device, can effectively remove heavy metal and/or organic matter in soil or mud, can realize fast dewatering simultaneously.
The described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, comprising:
Swing roller, is coated with conductive material on it, conductive material outside is coated with the reaction wood bed of material;
Gear, it is arranged to around described swing roller;
Outside closed loop hinge crawler belt, it is made up of conductive material, and the closed loop running by being engaged on described gear;
Closed loop is carried crawler belt, and it is used for carrying soil and/or mud, and gap through described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt and described swing roller and being pressed on described swing roller.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, the material of described swing roller is not particularly limited, and exemplarily can be stainless steel, rigid plastics etc., and it can be any cylinder well known in the prior art.Described swing roller carries crawler belt to have identical rotation direction with described closed loop, and can carry the running of crawler belt and be driven to rotate by described closed loop, and in the time needing governing speed to require to adapt to the removal of heavy metal and organic pollution, can carry out drive by coupled drive motors.Internal diameter and the external diameter in the cross section (being the circle of nozzle) of described swing roller are not particularly limited, for example can carry out suitable selection according to the size of the pending amount of soil and/or mud, for example can in wide region, select, exemplarily, its external diameter can be 50-200cm, this scope has comprised any subinterval wherein, exemplarily as 70-180cm, 90-160cm or 110-130cm, and comprise any concrete point value wherein, be exemplarily 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm, 160cm, 170cm, 180cm, 190cm or 200cm, its length can be matched with the width of the described closed loop conveying crawler belt that transmits soil and/or mud, its barrel thickness (being the difference of external diameter and internal diameter) is not particularly limited, and is enough to bear running pressure and has the sufficiently long working life as long as it has.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, conductive material on described swing roller is not particularly limited, as long as it can conduct electricity, for example can be conducting metal, as iron, copper etc., and be preferably iron in order to reduce costs meter, for keep in repair and/the rear needs of changing, for example, when long-time use and after serious wear, this conductive material can be dismantled, so that this conductive material more renewing; The function of the described reaction wood bed of material that described conductive material outside is coated is with the heavy metal or the organic pollution that remove in soil and/or mud.
The described reaction wood bed of material is made up of active metal and active material, wherein can how much and suitably to select according to the content of the heavy metal in pending soil or mud and organic pollution the ratio of active metal and active material, the mass ratio of for example active metal and active material can be 1: 0.1-5, for example can 1: 0.1,1: 0.2,1: 0.3,1: 0.4,1: 0.5,1: 1,1: 1.5,1: 2,1: 2.5,1: 3,1: 3.5,1: 4,1: 4.5 or 1: 5, or the amount of active metal is the portative maximum of active material.
The thickness that can select suitably according to actual conditions the described reaction wood bed of material, for example, can be 1-50mm, and non-limiting ground can exemplify 1mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm or 50mm.But should be appreciated that, described reaction material layer thickness is not limited to this, completely can increase suitably or dwindle according to the amount of pollutant in soil or mud, and coordinate voltage gradient size and carry out appropriate change.
Described active metal is selected from any a group in (1)-(9) as follows: (1) Zero-valent Iron (be iron, be sometimes also expressed as Fe); (2) mixture being formed by ferriferous oxide and iron; (3) mixture being formed by iron hydroxide and iron; (4) mixture being formed by ferriferous oxide, iron hydroxide and iron; (5) the bimetallic mixture being formed by iron and other metal; (6) the many metal mixtures that formed by iron and other various metals; (7) mixture being formed by ferriferous oxide, iron and other metal; (8) mixture being formed by iron hydroxide, iron and other metal; (9) the mixture thing being formed by ferriferous oxide, iron hydroxide, iron and other metal.
The physical aspect of all these active metals in above-mentioned (1)-(9) is powder type, can be nanoscale or micron order for example non-limitingly, and for example its granularity can be 10 order-500 orders, this scope has comprised any subinterval wherein, as 50-450 order, 100-400 order, 150-350 order or 200-300 order, also comprised any concrete point value wherein, as 10 orders, 50 orders, 100 orders, 150 orders, 200 orders, 250 orders, 300 orders, 350 orders, 400 orders, 450 orders or 500 orders.
In the present invention, unless otherwise prescribed, described " ferriferous oxide " both can refer to a kind of ferriferous oxide, can be also the mixture of the many oxide of iron, and described ferriferous oxide for example can be FeO, Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4in any one or multiple.
In the present invention, unless otherwise prescribed, described " iron hydroxide " both can refer to a kind of iron hydroxide, can be also the mixture of the multiple hydroxide of iron, and described iron hydroxide can exemplify as Fe (OH)
2or Fe (OH)
3.
In the present invention, described " iron or with the bimetallic mixture of other metal " refers to fe and another mixture of planting elemental metals composition, described, and " many metal mixtures that iron and various metals form " refer to the mixture that fe and multiple elemental metals form.For example, described bimetallic mixture can be Ni/Fe, Pb/Fe, Cu/Fe, Ti/Fe, Pt/Fe, Ru/Fe, Ag/Fe, Mg/Fe, Pd/Fe etc., and described many metal mixtures can be the mixture of any two or more and Fe in Ni, Pb, Cu, Ti, Pt, Ru, Ag, Mg, Pd etc.Unless otherwise prescribed, in this application from start to finish, "/" represent side by side but not or relation, for example, taking " Ni/Fe " as example, its implication is Ni and Fe.
Described active material is not particularly limited, as long as it has absorption property (as chemisorbed, physical absorption, ion-exchange absorption etc.), thus thereby can be just heavy metal ion adsorbed, exchange, fixing and react and removed as reduction, catalysis, absorption or co-precipitation etc. with active metal generation.For example described active material can be clay mineral, diatomite, active carbon, any one in polymeric adsorbent or multiple combination, described clay mineral for example can exemplify various zeolites, vermiculite, active carbon, attapulgite, palygorskite, sepiolite, kaolinite, imvite, atlapulgite, bentonite, bentonite, float stone, illite, allophane, serpentine, pyrophyllite, talcum, saponite, mica, any one in chlorite etc. or multiple combination, its mesolite has comprised all zeolites, as modenite, clinoptilolite, analcime, chabasie, scolecite, heulandite, sodalite, foresite etc.Described polymeric adsorbent can be any resin with absorption property, as any one or multiple combination in D101 macroporous absorbent resin, D101B macroporous absorbent resin, XDA-1 macroporous absorbent resin, XDA-1B macroporous absorbent resin, H-10 resin, H-20 resin, H-30 resin, H-40 resin, H-50 resin, H-60 resin, CH-90 resin etc.
The granularity of described active material is not particularly limited, as long as be powder, for example granularity can be 10 order-500 orders, this scope has comprised any subinterval wherein, as 50-450 order, 100-400 order, 150-350 order or 200-300 order, also comprised any concrete point value wherein, as 10 orders, 50 orders, 100 orders, 150 orders, 200 orders, 250 orders, 300 orders, 350 orders, 400 orders, 450 orders or 500 orders.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, described gear ring is around described swing roller, select suitably quantity and the size of described gear according to the large I of cylinder external diameter, for example it can be 6-10, its layout in described cylinder outside can equidistant intervals be arranged, can adapt in the excircle radian of described cylinder with the described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt that makes to be engaged on it, and then make the gap that maintains equidistant width between described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt and described cylinder for carrying crawler belt pass and be closely pressed on described cylinder with the described closed loop of sludge blanket.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt closely engages with described gear, its maximum can be coated the outer circumferential area of whole described swing roller, but preferably the 60%-85% of coated described swing roller outer circumferential area, for example, can be 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80% or 85%.Between described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt and described swing roller, maintain the gap of equidistant width, this gap can be for carrying crawler belt pass and be closely pressed on described swing roller with the described closed loop of sludge blanket.Described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt is made up of conductive material, as iron, stainless steel, copper etc., but considers based on the aspect such as cost and decay resistance, and is preferably stainless steel.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, described closed loop is carried crawler belt porous, permeable and can be by soil or mud load thereon, when it moves to while accommodating the soil of soil or mud or sludge conditioning chamber, thick soil or mud move up along with the operation of crawler belt, and the aperture that most of moisture sees through on crawler belt during this time leaks down and soil or mud after dehydration are retained on crawler belt.This crawler belt continues to move upward, in the time arriving in the maximum height of its running orbit, driven and change traffic direction by a driving shaft near described swing roller or driven shaft, enter into subsequently the gap between described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt and described swing roller, and be pressed on described swing roller, described maximum height is to calculate with the central shaft of described cylinder, higher than arbitrary place of described central shaft 0.3-1r, the external diameter that wherein r is described cylinder, for example can be higher than described drum central axis 0.3r, 0.4r, 0.5r, 0.6r, 0.7r, 0.8r, 0.9r or 1r, be preferably the highest arc point place (being the peak place of described cylinder) of described swing roller, higher than central shaft 1r place.In the time that this crawler belt enters in gap, be that it is between described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt and described swing roller, along with continuing around rollers running, moisture in soil or mud is deviate from, simultaneously to described swing roller and the energising of described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt, to apply voltage, for example voltage gradient can be 0.5-10V/cm, can be 0.5V/cm non-limitingly, 1V/cm, 1.5V/cm, 2V/cm, 2.5V/cm, 3V/cm, 3.5V/cm, 4V/cm, 4.5V/cm, 5V/cm, 5.5V/cm, 6V/cm, 6.5V/cm, 7V/cm, 7.5V/cm, 8V/cm, 8.5V/cm, 9V/cm, 9.5V/cm or 10V/cm, making described cylinder is negative electrode and described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt is anode, and form uniform electric field between cylinder and outside closed loop hinge crawler belt, under the effect of this electric field, being arranged in described closed loop carries soil horizon in track surface or the cationic heavy metal of sludge blanket to move to cathode drum.And for the heavy metal (as trivalent chromium) that is anion existence in soil or mud, the polarity of interchangeable cylinder and hinge crawler belt, even if described cylinder is anode and described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt is negative electrode, so anion heavy metal still moves to cylinder surface.Because the distance between negative electrode and anode is very little, these heavy metals can arrive described cylinder surface easily, quickly, thereby adsorbed by the active material in the reaction wood bed of material of cylinder surface and removed or transform thereupon reacting with active metal (as reduction, catalysis, absorption or co-precipitation etc.), through so processing, greatly reduce the content of beary metal in soil or mud.And in the time processing by the soil of Organic Pollution or mud, because the moisture in soil or mud is from anode to movable cathode under electrodialytic effect, organic pollution also moves on the described swing roller as negative electrode thereupon, and active metal in the outer field reaction wood bed of material of cylinder has very high removal effect to organic pollution, can react and remove organic matter as effects such as dehalogenation hydrogenation, catalytic degradation, oxidation, reduction by number of chemical.As can be seen here, owing to thering is adsorption function and response function in the described reaction wood bed of material simultaneously, thereby can remove heavy metal ion and organic pollution in soil or mud simultaneously.
When continuing operation forward, while making soil or mud carry crawler belt to rotate the gap between described cylinder and described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt with described closed loop, can change its traffic direction by an another driving shaft or driven shaft, for example level run is to an another driving shaft or driven shaft, soil horizon on it or sludge blanket are scraped as cleaning shoe by removing device in this axle vicinity, and be collected in bucket.Then continuously change its traffic direction by several driven shafts (or one of them be driving shaft, remaining several is driven shaft), make it again enter into the soil or the sludge conditioning chamber that accommodate soil or mud, thereby complete an operation cycle.
In this running, for described swing roller, described closed loop carries crawler belt successively to change traffic direction twice, being to be incorporated in gap by driving shaft or driven shaft at maximum height place for the first time, is to be changed direction and left described cylinder by driving shaft or driven shaft after passing described gap for the second time.Therefore, engage two gears at the two ends of the described gear of described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt should be respectively lower than driving shaft or the driven shaft at described maximum height place with make closed loop carry crawler belt to change direction and leave driving shaft or the driven shaft at described cylinder place.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, in order to make load have the described closed loop of Drying soil or mud to carry crawler belt more easily to enter in described gap, preferably before entering, with whole mud plate, the soil on crawler belt or mud are arranged, the regular mud layer that for example can be organized into according to specific needs 5mm-20mm thickness, then enters in described gap.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, the material of described whole mud plate and cleaning shoe is not particularly limited, for example can be polyester plastics, polyurethane plastics, stainless steel etc., as long as it can carry out mud regular and scrape, and can carry the width of crawler belt and select suitably its width according to described closed loop, to can all soil horizons or sludge blanket be carried out regular and be scraped.
In the described electronic removal device of soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution; also described swing roller part, multiple driven shaft and/or driving shaft etc. can be positioned among outer cover; thereby succinctly its profile; and operation produces harmful effect to whole mud etc. to avoid the bad weathers such as rainy day, and the reaction wood bed of material of protection cylinder surface avoid cutting to pieces touch, the fortuitous event such as friction.
As mentioned above, the invention provides a kind of novelty, can efficiently remove the electronic removal device of soil or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, this device has startup rapidly, easy to operate, comprehensive energy consumption is lower, the excellent characteristics such as convenient mobile processing, can in a covering device, realize dehydration simultaneously, the dual-use function of removal heavy metal and organic pollution, solve in prior art dehydration and the heavy metal/organic pollution defect of processing separately separately, simultaneously can be according to negative electrode, the flexible modulation of the voltage between anode and heavy metal/organic pollution is had to very high removal efficiency, be highly suitable for the continous way fast processing of heavy metal/organic material contaminated soil or mud.
Brief description of the drawings
The device using in order to be illustrated more clearly in described method of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing of required use during embodiment is described is briefly described, but apparent, accompanying drawing described below is only some embodiment of the inventive method and/or device, for those of ordinary skill in the art, need not pay under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain similar modified accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 example illustration the present invention remove the formation schematic diagram of the described device of soil or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution.
Wherein, the corresponding relation of the elements/components of each numeral number and/or code name and device of the present invention is as follows:
1. soil or sludge conditioning chamber 2. closed loops are carried crawler belt 3. driving shafts
4. driven shaft 5. closed loop hinge crawler belt 6. swing rollers
7. the whole mud plate of gear 8. cleaning shoe 9.
10. the reaction wood bed of material 11. driven shaft 12. outer covers
Detailed description of the invention
As follows with reference to accompanying drawing; described electric device to removal soil of the present invention or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution describes in detail further and/or sets forth; but should be appreciated that; the exemplary description that this just makes device of the present invention and method of operating thereof; it is intended that for explaining/set forth described device of the present invention and implementation method thereof; but not be used for limiting and/or restriction the present invention, more non-protection scope of the present invention is confined to this.
With reference to figure 1, described electric device of the present invention comprises that soil or sludge conditioning chamber close 1, closed loop is carried crawler belt 2, driving shaft 3, driven shaft 4 or 11, closed loop hinge crawler belt 5, swing roller 6, gear 7, cleaning shoe 8, and optionally also comprised whole mud plate 9 and outer cover 12.On the conductive material layer (not shown) of described swing roller 6, be coated with the reaction wood bed of material 10.
As shown in Figure 1, closed loop is carried crawler belt 2 to be driven by driving shaft 3 and multiple driven shaft 4 and is realized clockwise operation with closed ring, certainly, also driving shaft 3 can be replaced with to driven shaft, any one in multiple driven shafts 4 replaced with to driving shaft simultaneously, the concrete selection of driving shaft there is no strict restriction, as long as it can drive whole closed loop to carry crawler belt 2 to realize running.
With reference to figure 1, the operating principle of device of the present invention and operational process are: polluted soil is joined in soil or sludge conditioning chamber 1 and adds water to become Soil slurry, or add if desired acid or other synergist (as conventional metal release agent Na
2sO
3, surfactant, complexing agent etc.) to strengthen heavy metal or the desorption of organic matter from soil particle, described acid can be organic acid or inorganic acid, non-limiting exemplified hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, hypochlorous acid, sulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid etc., its concentration does not have special restriction, can carry out suitable selection according to the desorption degree of wanting to reach, for example can be 10-70% in mass percent concentration, or directly water-containing sludge is joined in this sludge conditioning chamber 1.Then start the driving device being connected with driving shaft as drive motors, drive closed loop to carry crawler belt 2 to turn round in a clockwise direction, thereby from soil or sludge conditioning chamber 1, extracting is upwards by thickness mud or mud, in the process of upwards operation, moisture spills from the filter opening of closed loop conveying crawler belt 2, the water spilling can be collected by other collector (not shown), or directly leads and be back in soil or sludge conditioning chamber 1 with by the follow-up soil furnishing mud that added.Before closed loop conveying crawler belt 2 moves to the driven shaft 11 that approaches peak, carry the mud layer on crawler belt 2 to arrange by whole mud plate 9 to closed loop.And in the time that closed loop carries crawler belt 2 to move to the driven shaft 11 of peak, change traffic direction and enter by driven shaft 11 and (only marked out a numbering " 7 " by six gears 7, one of low order end owing to not drawing near driven shaft 11) in gap between the closed loop hinge crawler belt 5 and the swing roller 6 that engage, for example, by the gap size between adjusting gear 7 and cylinder 6 (by suitably the distance between adjusting gear 7 and cylinder 6 surfaces realize) closed loop conveying crawler belt 2 is pressed on swing roller 6 by closed loop hinge crawler belt 5.Cylinder 6 can be carried the drive of crawler belt 2 and equidirectional rotation by closed loop, or is driven separately by other drive motors (not shown).Due to the conductive material in closed loop hinge crawler belt 5 and swing roller 6 has been applied to different electric polarities, be that anode and swing roller 6 are negative electrode and make closed loop hinge crawler belt 5, between has produced uniform electric field, thereby the cation heavy metal in the mud layer of closed loop conveying crawler belt 2, under electric field action, is moved to cathode direction by anode.Because the distance between negative electrode and anode is very little, these heavy metals can arrive the surface of swing roller 6 easily, quickly, thereby adsorbed by the reaction wood bed of material 10 of cylinder surface and react with active metal and be able to innoxious, through so processing, greatly reduce the content of beary metal in soil or mud.And in the time processing by the soil of Organic Pollution or mud, because the moisture in soil or mud is from anode to movable cathode under electrodialytic effect, organic pollution also moves on the swing roller 6 as negative electrode thereupon, and active metal in the outer field reaction wood bed of material of swing roller 6 has very high removal effect to organic pollution.Along with the continuation operation of closed loop conveying crawler belt 2, it starts to carry out removing of heavy metal and/or organic pollution from first gear, finish until arrive last gear place, by the running speed that regulates voltage swing between anode, negative electrode and closed loop to carry crawler belt 2, can make it just can meet on earth heavy metal and/or organic pollutant removal standard when last gear place.After passing from the gap of last gear, closed loop carries crawler belt 2 to change traffic direction thereupon, leave swing roller 6, below driving shaft 3, locate to scrape mud by cleaning shoe 8, carry crawler belt 2 to scrape from closed loop the mud layer of having removed heavy metal and organic pollution, enter in bucket (not shown) and collect, and carry out subsequent treatment.Scrape except closed loop after mud layer and carry crawler belt 2 again after the direction of multiple driven shafts 4 regulates, again enter into soil or sludge conditioning chamber 1, so far complete a cycling.
In the time that heavy metal ion to be removed is anion (as trivalent chromic ion), it is that negative electrode and swing roller 6 are anode that the polarity of switching on by change makes closed loop hinge crawler belt 5, so still make as the heavy metal of anion moves to swing roller 6 directions, thereby realize its removal.
By add continuously polluted soil or water-containing sludge in soil or sludge conditioning chamber 1, can realize the continuous operation of this device.In the time that the reaction wood bed of material 10 serious wear on swing roller 6 or fixing heavy metal reach capacity, can change, thereby keep efficient removal efficiency and good continuity of operation.
The described device of the application of the invention, can produce following good effect:
(1) energy removal heavy metal and organic pollution simultaneously: produced uniform electric field by coated with conductive material on swing roller, drive heavy metal by electrodialysis and electromigratory effect, drive organic matter to electrode by electrodialytic effect, simultaneously by conductive material coating reaction material layer, and creatively realized to heavy metal ion and organic pollution fast, efficiently remove.
(2) have higher removal effect and efficiency: the distance between cylinder and inner sealing crawler belt is less, the distance of pollutant migration is very short, as easy as rolling off a log arrival electrode surface, and removal efficiency greatly improves.
(3) there is through engineering approaches operability easily: all parts of package unit is integrated brief, can realize modularization and produce, and can be assembled into wheeled apparatus, have and load fast and assemble ability, can realize fast overall package at processing scene, there is engineering operability flexibly.Because the enforcement of the method coordinates without any need for civil engineering, so can be used in flexibly the continuous processing at all kinds of soil treatment scene.
Below in conjunction with instantiation, the invention will be further described, but should be appreciated that, these embodiment are the use for exemplifying only, and be used for absolutely not restriction and intention restriction range of application of the present invention and embodiment, more non-protection scope of the present invention is confined to this.
The preparation of the reaction wood bed of material
The reaction wood bed of material 1: montmorillonite loading nano level Zero-valent Iron active material
With Fe
3+solution is (as FeCl
3, Fe (NO
3)
3or Fe
2(SO
4)
3in any one or multiple) dipping imvite, make cation exchange positions all in imvite all by Fe
3+institute is saturated, then uses NaHB
4reducing agent reduces, thus between cheating engaging layer by Fe
3+be reduced into Zero-valent Iron.Obtained the active material of montmorillonite loading nano level Zero-valent Iron through this processing, this active material has been attached to the skin of the conductive material of swing roller, thickness is 3.5cm, and seals compacting with the permeable packing cloth of one or more layers densification.
The reaction wood bed of material 2: by vermiculite, float stone, Fe
2o
3, Fe composition active material
Granularity is to 200 object vermiculite and float stones, is 350 object Fe with granularity
2o
3evenly mix with iron powder, the gross mass of vermiculite and float stone equals Fe
2o
3with the gross mass of iron powder, i.e. (vermiculite+float stone)/(Fe
2o
3+ iron powder)=1, and vermiculite and float stone and Fe
2o
3also be 1: 1 with the mass ratio of iron powder.
After mixing, this active material is attached to the skin of the conductive material of swing roller, thickness is 3cm, and seals compacting with the permeable packing cloth of one or more layers densification.
The reaction wood bed of material 3: the active material being formed by active carbon, Ni/Cu/Fe, attapulgite, D101 macroporous absorbent resin
Granularity is to 400 object active carbon powders, attapulgite and D101 macroporous absorbent resin, being 300 many metal mixtures of object Ni/Cu/Fe with granularity evenly mixes, wherein the mass ratio of active carbon, attapulgite, D101 macroporous absorbent resin is 1: 1: 1, and their gross mass is 3: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of these three kinds of metals, and the mass ratio of Ni, Cu, Fe is 1: 1: 3.
After mixing, this active material is attached to the skin of the conductive material of swing roller, thickness is 3cm, and seals compacting with the permeable packing cloth of one or more layers densification.
The reaction wood bed of material 4: by kaolinite, Mg/Fe, Fe (OH)
3the active material of composition
Be 150 object kaolinites, Mg, Fe, Fe (OH) by granularity
3evenly mix, wherein Mg, Fe, Fe (OH)
3granularity be 100 orders, and kaolinic quality and Mg, Fe, Fe (OH)
3the ratio of gross mass be 1: 1, and Mg, Fe, Fe (OH)
3mass ratio be 2: 1: 1.
After mixing, this active material is attached to the skin of the conductive material of swing roller, thickness is 4cm, and seals compacting with the permeable packing cloth of one or more layers densification.
The reaction wood bed of material 5: by modenite, CH-90 resin, Ag/Fe, Fe (OH)
3, Fe
3o
4the active material of composition
Be that 500 object modenites, granularity are 200 object CH-90 resins, Fe (OH) by granularity
3, Fe, Ag, Fe
3o
4evenly mix, wherein Fe (OH)
3, Fe, Ag, Fe
3o
4granularity be 150 orders, and the gross mass of modenite and CH-90 resin and Fe (OH)
3, Fe, Ag, Fe
3o
4the ratio of gross mass be 4: 1, and the mass ratio of modenite and CH-90 resin is 1: 1, Fe (OH)
3, Fe, Ag, Fe
3o
4mass ratio be 2: 2: 2: 1.
After mixing, this active material is attached to the skin of the conductive material of swing roller, thickness is 3.5cm, and seals compacting with the permeable packing cloth of one or more layers densification.
Embodiment 1: the cationic removal of Cr VI in soil
Use described device of the present invention, Cr VI cation contamination soil is processed, in soil, chromic content is 352mg/kg.Wherein, between for anode closed loop hinge crawler belt and the swing roller for negative electrode, apply voltage, voltage gradient is 2.0V/cm.
Use respectively above-mentioned reaction wood bed of material 1-5 to carry out Transformatin, collect the soil after scraping and carry out bone dry, then measure hexavalent chromium content wherein, the results are shown in following table 1.
Table 1. is processed the content of front and back hexavalent chromium
As can be seen here, after device of the present invention is processed, very high to the chromic clearance of heavy metal, effectively realize the efficient removal of heavy metal.
Embodiment 2: the removal of heavy metals in city sewage sludge
In the municipal sewage that sewage treatment plant processes, be industrial wastewater in a large number, the Of Heavy Metal Level In Sludge that processing industrial wastewater obtains is higher.The municipal sludge that Qu Gai factory quality moisture content is 80% is put into conditioning chamber, and adding mass concentration is that to be adjusted to pH value be 3.0 for 10% watery hydrochloric acid.Use respectively above-mentioned active material 1-5, and voltage gradient between anode and negative electrode is that 3V/cm processes, concrete outcome sees the following form 2.
Table 2. is processed front and back content of beary metal variation, and (content unit is mgkg
-1)
As can be seen here, after device of the present invention is processed, the clearance of several heavy metal species is higher, can reach the standard of agricultural sludge.
Embodiment 3: the removal of TCE in organic material contaminated soil
Certain chemical plant produces trichloro-ethylene (TCE) product, has caused place soil pollution, and content is 116.3mg/kg.Get this contaminated soil, adopt device of the present invention to process contaminated soil, wherein the reaction wood bed of material is above-mentioned active material 1-5, voltage gradient between anode and negative electrode is 10V/cm, method of operating is that this contaminated soil is mixed with water, becoming moisture is by percentage to the quality 76% Soil slurry, the results are shown in following table 3.
Table 3. is processed the content of front and back TCE
As can be seen here, after device of the present invention is processed, realized the efficient removal to organic pollution TCE.
Embodiment 4: the removal of pentachlorophenol in organic material contaminated soil
In certain site, chemical plant soil, contain pentachlorophenol, content is 67mg/kg.Adopt device of the present invention to process contaminated soil, wherein the reaction wood bed of material is above-mentioned active material 1-5, voltage gradient between anode and negative electrode is 7V/cm, method of operating is that this contaminated soil is mixed with water, becoming moisture is by percentage to the quality 80% Soil slurry, the results are shown in following table 4.
Table 4. is processed the content of front and back pentachlorophenol
As can be seen here, after device of the present invention is processed, realized the efficient removal to organic pollution pentachlorophenol.
Embodiment 5: the removal of pesticide contaminated soil DDT
Qu Mou insecticide factory site contaminated soil, pollutant is DDT (two (the 4-chlorphenyls)-1,1 of 2,2-, 1-trichloroethanes), content is 283mg/kg.Adopt device of the present invention to process contaminated soil, wherein the reaction wood bed of material is above-mentioned active material 1-5, voltage gradient between anode and negative electrode is 6V/cm, method of operating is that this contaminated soil is mixed with water, becoming moisture is by percentage to the quality 76% Soil slurry, the results are shown in following table 4.
Table 5. is processed the content of front and back DDT
As can be seen here, after device of the present invention is processed, realized the efficient removal to organic pollution DDT.
In sum, described device of the present invention can effectively be applied to the removal reparation of organic pollution in soil or mud and/or heavy metal ion, is a kind of modern design, removal efficiency environment remediation high, easy and simple to handle and pollution control device.
Although for for example and the object of description, and introduce structure and processing procedure shown in above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing.But these are not detailed descriptions, scope of the present invention can not be confined to this.For a person skilled in the art, can make numerous modifications and variations to above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, and these all amendments and/or change are all included in as within claim limited range of the present invention, do not depart from as described in scope and spirit of the present invention that claim limited.
Claims (7)
1. an electronic removal device for soil or Heavy Metals in Sludge and organic pollution, comprising:
Swing roller, is coated with conductive material on it, conductive material outside is coated with the reaction wood bed of material;
Gear, it is arranged to around described swing roller;
Outside closed loop hinge crawler belt, it is made up of conductive material, and the closed loop running by being engaged on described gear;
Closed loop is carried crawler belt, and it is used for carrying soil or mud, and gap through described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt and described swing roller and being pressed on described swing roller;
The described reaction wood bed of material is made up of active metal and active material;
Described active metal is selected from any a group in (1)-(8) as follows: the mixture that (1) is made up of ferriferous oxide and iron; (2) mixture being formed by iron hydroxide and iron; (3) mixture being formed by ferriferous oxide, iron hydroxide and iron; (4) the bimetallic mixture being formed by iron and other metal; (5) the many metal mixtures that formed by iron and other various metals; (6) mixture being formed by ferriferous oxide, iron and other metal; (7) mixture being formed by iron hydroxide, iron and other metal; (8) mixture being formed by ferriferous oxide, iron hydroxide, iron and other metal;
Described active material is any one or the multiple combination in clay mineral, diatomite, active carbon, polymeric adsorbent.
2. electronic removal device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: be also included in described closed loop and carry crawler belt to enter before described gap, be used for arranging described closed loop and carry soil on crawler belt or the whole mud plate of mud.
3. electronic removal device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise that carrying crawler belt when described closed loop rotates behind described gap, be used for scraping soil horizon on it or the cleaning shoe of sludge blanket.
4. electronic removal device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the granularity of described active metal and described active material is 10-500 order.
5. electronic removal device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described active metal and active material is 1:0.1-5, or the amount of active metal is the portative maximum of active material.
6. electronic removal device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described ferriferous oxide is selected from as FeO, Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4in one or more, described iron hydroxide is selected from Fe (OH)
2or Fe (OH)
3described bimetallic mixture is selected from Ni/Fe, Pb/Fe, Cu/Fe, Ti/Fe, Pt/Fe, Ru/Fe, Ag/Fe, Mg/Fe or Pd/Fe, and described many metal mixtures are the mixture of any two or more and Fe in Ni, Pb, Cu, Ti, Pt, Ru, Ag, Mg, Pd.
7. the electronic removal device as described in claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that: during to described swing roller and the energising of described outside closed loop hinge crawler belt, voltage gradient is between the two 0.5-10V/cm.
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| CN105268736A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-27 | 湖南京湘能源技术有限公司 | Crawler travelling type heavy metal soil remediation processor |
| CN105405567B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-10-10 | 上海交通大学 | The magnetic repair materials and preparation method and application of soil or Organic substance in water pollution |
| CN110280574A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-09-27 | 中运建设控股有限公司 | By the land remediation method of toxic heavy metal, inorganic matter and organic pollution |
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| JP2005075960A (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2005-03-24 | Noritomi Tekkosho:Kk | Apparatus for producing soil ball and soil ball produced thereby |
| CN201150917Y (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2008-11-19 | 李怡 | Soil and sand foreign matter sorting device |
| CN201240908Y (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2009-05-20 | 林哲然 | Drum type high speed magnetic separation wastewater treating apparatus |
| CN201240979Y (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2009-05-20 | 林哲然 | Double-drum crawler type high speed magnetic separation waste water treating apparatus |
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| CN102029287B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-06-06 | 清华大学 | Roller-type reverse thermal desorption system for soil polluted by organic matters |
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