CN103111462A - Method for removing organic pollutants in polluted soil - Google Patents
Method for removing organic pollutants in polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103111462A CN103111462A CN2013100712251A CN201310071225A CN103111462A CN 103111462 A CN103111462 A CN 103111462A CN 2013100712251 A CN2013100712251 A CN 2013100712251A CN 201310071225 A CN201310071225 A CN 201310071225A CN 103111462 A CN103111462 A CN 103111462A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for removing organic pollutants in polluted soil. The method comprises the steps of (1) introducing air into a fresh air heating unit to be heated to the high temperature fresh air; (2) gathering the high temperature fresh air and steam coming from a fresh air humidification unit to form high temperature wet air, and enabling the high temperature wet air to enter into a mixing reaction unit to be sufficiently reacted with polluted soil in a mixing manner; and (3) pumping the generated waste air into a tail gas purification unit at the tail end to be purified and discharged. The mixing reaction unit comprises a rotating joint, a reactor and a drive motor, wherein the reactor comprises a sealing hood, a horizontal cylindrical roller positioned in the sealing hood, and a gas distribution pipe extending into the cylindrical roller, helical blades adhere to the surface in the cylindrical roller, and the sealing hood is provided with a charge port, a discharge port and a waste air discharge port. The method has the advantages of simplicity in operation, high removal efficiency and low comprehensive energy consumption. The method can rapidly and efficiently remove organic pollutants, and is suitable for rapid and timely recovery and treatment of soil polluted by volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of removing organic pollution from polluted soil, relate to especially a kind of method of removing volatility in polluted soil, half volatile organic contaminant, belong to improvement and the reparation field of polluted soil.
Background technology
China has accumulated comparatively serious organic soil and has polluted in long-term course of industrialization.For example, in recent years, in Development of China's Urbanization fast, moving back of the closure, suspension, merger and conversion of a large amount of factory and enterprises and city two advances three, numerous resettlement enterprise has stayed a large amount of carryover contaminations places, and for example uses due to agricultural chemicals a large amount of long-term and residual, causes the large tracts of land agricultural land soil to be subject to pollution by pesticides; Oil field prospecting, oil exploitation, oil storage and transportation and gas station's leakage etc. for another example, and caused the soil petroleum hydrocarbon to pollute ... serious soil pollution has all consisted of obvious threat to underground water, agricultural product quality, ecological environment and health.And China is just at the early-stage aspect soil remediation and reparation, and practical soil pollution recovery technique demand is very urgent.
Up to now, the recovery technique of organic material contaminated soil mainly contained advanced oxidation processes, high temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP), chemical leaching method, phytoremediation, the microorganism repairing method, gas phase extraction process etc.
Advanced oxidation processes is to add oxidant in polluted soil, thereby organic pollution that will be wherein is oxidized to harmless micromolecular compound and inorganic salts, but easily the physicochemical property of soil is caused serious adverse effect.
High temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP) is heat treatment technics, is by passing into vapours or heat soil with methods such as radio frequency, electrical heating in soil, thereby makes the pollutant in soil resolve into little molecule or innocuous substance.Shortcoming is to consume energy greatlyr, and the physicochemical property of soil is also had adverse effect
The chemical leaching method refers to by means of the solvent that can promote the dissolving of pollutant in soil environment or migration, pollutant be leached out from soil particle, and isolated sewage is processed subsequently, thereby completes the pollutant removal of soil.The method operation is comparatively simple, but only effective to specific soil and pollutant, the scope of application is little, and elution efficiency is low.
Phytoremediation refers to utilize physiological activity absorption or the pollutant in degraded soil of plant or make these pollutants become harmless method, mainly comprises plant extract, plant stability, phytovolatilization, plant degradation, rhizosphere filtering etc.The method cost is lower, and is simple to operate, but efficient is too low, consuming time too very long.
The microorganism repairing method is mainly by utilizing nutrition and other chemicals to come activating microorganisms, make their keep the kilter of metabolic activity, can fast decoupled and destroy pollutant.But the method needs constantly to add biologic product in soil, and the mass transfer effect of microorganism in soil is bad, and this method cost is higher, and repairing efficiency is long.
Soil vapor extraction method (Soil vapour extraction, SVE) be widely used a kind of soil remediation technology in recent decades, this technology is mainly to produce driving force by introduce clean air in contaminated soil, thereby utilize the concentration gradient between solid phase of soil, liquid and gas, the pollutant in soil is converted into the steam form and is removed.SVE is particularly useful for the reparation of high volatile volatile organic polluted soil, as contaminated soils such as gasoline, benzene and tetrachloro-ethylenes, and has certain limitation for the organic pollutant removal of middle volatility and low volatility: removal efficient is lower, the cycle is long etc.
defective for above-mentioned prior art, people explore and further investigate the restorative procedure of organic material contaminated soil, and developed multiple device, strengthen the extracting treating apparatus as the dystopy heat that discloses a kind of contaminated soil in CN201659137U, in this device, soil is joined in the stir process storehouse, on the outer wall of described processing storehouse, heating cabinet is set, heating cabinet and process between the storehouse and form hollow interlayer, vapours is passed in this hollow interlayer, the soil of processing in the storehouse is heated, soil is stirred by the vertical stirrer main shaft, the vertical stirrer main shaft is by being positioned at the motor-driven of processing top, storehouse.The continuous stirring to soil of heating by vapours in hollow interlayer and vertical stirrer main shaft is processed organic pollution in the soil in the storehouse by thermal desorption, makes removal of pollutants more thorough.
But on the basis of this device, still there is improved demand for the method for only carrying out simple heat treated, simultaneously, there are " dead angle " and the defective of mixed soil fully between the inwall of storehouse in order to eliminate on and main shaft excessive in vertical stirrer rotary resistance under dry ground earth condition flight and to process, the necessity that also is improved for agitating mode.
In sum, the effective technology that present China does not still repair the organic polluted soil engineering, and the demand that China administers fast and repairs contaminated site is especially high, exploitation efficient quick, flexible improvement and prosthetic appliance and method have stronger demand, are also research emphasis and the focuses in present soil remediation field.
Summary of the invention
consider the shortcomings and deficiencies of above-mentioned technology, the present application people is from practical application, through after a large amount of creationary further investigations, develop a kind of simple operation, operation is removed efficiently the device of organic pollution in polluted soil and is used this device to remove the method for soil organic pollutant, novelty design by various structures element and/or parts in this device, Collaboration, and the selection of appropriate process processing parameter and definite, can the organic pollution in polluted soil be evaporated effective and rapidly, this device and processing method wide adaptability, for volatile organic matter and semi-volatile organic matter, very strong removal ability is arranged all, contaminant removal efficiency, the integrated performance indexs such as treatment cycle all are better than all existing known devices and known method.
For achieving the above object, in removal polluted soil of the present invention, the method for organic pollution comprises the steps:
(1) air is incorporated in new wind heating unit, is heated as the new wind of high temperature;
(2) the new wind of described high temperature and the steam of wind humidifying unit of making a fresh start are collected rear formation high temperature wet wind, and enter into hybrid reaction unit and the abundant hybrid reaction of polluted soil;
(3) waste gas that produces after hybrid reaction is entered into the discharge after purifying of end tail gas clean-up unit;
Wherein, described hybrid reaction unit comprises swivel joint, reactor and drive motors; Described reactor comprises seal closure, be positioned at the horizontal rotatingcylindrical drum of described seal closure inside and the even gas distribution pipe that stretches into described rotatingcylindrical drum inside, the inner surface of described rotatingcylindrical drum is attached with flight, and described seal closure is provided with charging aperture, discharging opening and connection and is connected the waste gas outlet of end tail gas clean-up unit; The driving shaft of described drive motors passes described seal closure and drives described rotatingcylindrical drum rotation;
In step (2), described high temperature wet wind is passed in described even gas distribution pipe via the described swivel joint that passes described seal closure, and fully reacts with the soil that rolls due to the rotation of described rotatingcylindrical drum.
In above-mentioned removal polluted soil in the step (1) of the method for organic pollution, the not special restriction of described new wind heating unit, as long as it can heat air, for example it comprises pressure fan and pipeline heater, and pressure fan is delivered to air and is heated into hot-air in pipeline heater by pipeline.
Wherein, described pressure fan is special the restriction not, as long as it can form new wind and deliver to it pipeline and be heated subsequently to be used as the steam carrier from extraneous (as atmosphere) suction fresh air, for example can use any air blast known in industrial circle, its air force can carry out suitable adjusting as required.
Wherein, described pipeline heater can be straight shape, helical annular or a plurality of back and forth " Z " shape, is preferably helical annular (profile is same as spring).Can select suitably its total length and internal diameter according to the needs in practical application, for example its length can be 10-200cm, this scope has comprised any subinterval that is positioned at wherein, exemplarily as be 30-180cm, 50-160cm, 70-140cm or 90-120cm, and comprised any concrete numerical value wherein, exemplarily as be 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm, 160cm, 170cm, 180cm, 190cm or 200cm; For example its internal diameter can be 1-10cm, and this scope has comprised any concrete numerical value that is positioned at wherein, exemplarily as be 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm or 10cm.The material of described pipeline heater is special the restriction not, can use any conventional known materials in this area, as stainless steel, black carbon steel etc.According to the chemistry of the organic pollution in soil and the difference of physical property, can select suitable pipeline heating actuator temperature, farthest remove to realize organic pollution, therefore, randomly, described pipeline heater also can be connected with device for detecting temperature, thereby but the real-time implementation monitoring temperature realizes that better temperature is controlled and adjusting.Give an example as a kind of, described pipeline heater is made by spiral helicine high-resistance material, when heating, open heater switch, this pipeline heater is heated, as pass into electric current and heat, the air that consequent amount of heat is sent into pressure fan heats, for example can be with air heat to 50-1000 ℃, as 100 ℃, 200 ℃, 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃, 800 ℃, 900 ℃ or 1000 ℃; Be preferably 100-400 ℃, more preferably 100-300 ℃, most preferably be 100-200 ℃.In addition, can realize the automatic control of temperature by temperature monitoring and temperature retentive control device, for example set a temperature value, when heating-up temperature sets value higher than this, stopped heating, and when temperature sets value lower than this, restart heating.By temperature control equipment, temperature can be controlled on a certain setting value, realize the removal of organic pollution maximal efficiency.
In the step (2) of the method for organic pollution, described new wind humidifying unit is special the restriction not in above-mentioned removal polluted soil, as long as it can produce steam, for example it comprises steam generator.
Wherein, described steam generator is special the restriction not, as long as it can change the water that adds into steam, can be the conventional any known steam generator that uses in industrial circle.When the described steam generator of generation goes out enough steam, by pressure with moisture vapor transport in pipeline, mix mutually with the hot-air (hereinafter referred to as " the new wind of high temperature ") that adds from described pipeline heater, thus the High Temperature Moist Air (hereinafter referred to as " high temperature wet wind ") that obtains having certain humidity.Randomly, described steam generator also can be connected with humidity detection device, thereby but the real-time implementation humidity control realizes that better humidity is controlled and adjusting.
the temperature of described " high temperature wet wind " is 50-800 ℃, and this numerical value has comprised that any subnumber value wherein is interval, as 100-700 ℃, 200-600 ℃ or 300-500 ℃, is preferably 100-600 ℃, more preferably 150-400 ℃, the scope of " 50-800 ℃ " of described high temperature wet wind has also comprised any concrete numerical value wherein, for example can be 50 ℃, 85 ℃, 100 ℃, 150 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 350 ℃, 400 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃ or 800 ℃, the humidity of described " high temperature wet wind " be enough to make with the abundant hybrid reaction of polluted soil after soil moisture content count 3-12% with weight ratio, be that the humidity of high temperature wet wind should be the high temperature wet wind is passed in the hybrid reaction unit after abundant reaction, the moisture content that makes soil is 3-12%, this scope has comprised any subinterval wherein, exemplarily as be 3-11%, 4-10%, 5-9%, 6-8%, also comprised any concrete numerical value wherein, exemplarily as be 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11% or 12%.Wherein, in weight ratio, described " moisture content " is defined as: moisture content=water/(water+soil), particularly, the ratio of the weight that namely joins water in the hybrid reaction unit and [joining the weight of soil in the weight of water in the hybrid reaction unit+join hybrid reaction unit].When moisture content lower than 3% the time, the inventor finds that this moment is because moisture content is too low, adsorb or chemically combined organic pollution in desorb and/or " wash-out " soil well, thereby cause the removal efficient in certain hour low, and will reach higher removal degree or make soil pollutant content reach the standard of " uncontaminated ", need to extend the processing time significantly, the deficiency such as increased energy consumption, reduced removal efficient, the operation cycle is long thereby exist.And when moisture content higher than 12% the time, the moisture content due to soil is higher, cause soil generation thickness phenomenon, cause soil block, agglomerating, can not fully mix and disperse, organic volatilization is subjected to obstacle, even if make with batch soil, also fails to reach the effect that the organic pollution that is present in is wherein evenly removed.In addition, also make the moisture in the waste gas that produces excessive, increased the weight of the processing load of end tail gas clean-up unit, reduced purification efficiency, accelerated simultaneously the replacement frequency of scavenging material, thereby increased processing cost.
The swivel joint of described hybrid reaction unit is special the restriction not, and it can be the normally used any known swivel joint that is used for delivering vapor in industrial circle.Described swivel joint passes described seal closure, and connect high temperature wet wind pipeline and described even gas distribution pipe, thus the high temperature wet wind is passed in described even gas distribution pipe, its material can be stainless steel, anticorrosion carbon steel or carbon steel, be preferably stainless steel or anticorrosion carbon steel, most preferably be stainless steel.Swivel joint can guarantee can pass into the high temperature wet wind continuously in reactor in the rotating while of described rotatingcylindrical drum, with temperature, humidity and the air quantity of guaranteeing in reactor to keep suitable, thereby reaches good organic pollutant removal effect and efficient.In addition, described swivel joint can guarantee to pass the airtight connection at seal closure place, thereby prevents the leakage of high temperature wet wind and organic pollution.
The not special restriction of the material of the rotatingcylindrical drum of described hybrid reaction unit as long as it has certain mechanical strength, wear-resistant, high temperature resistant, such as can be carbon steel, stainless steel, black carbon steel etc., is preferably stainless steel.Described rotatingcylindrical drum is horizontal rotatingcylindrical drum, inner surface is provided with flight (being helical blade), for the soil that adds is entered in cylinder, complete or the most of opening of described rotatingcylindrical drum one end, the 3/5-3/4 of area when for example aperture area can be complete opening, preferred opening fully enters easily for soil, and the other end has the circular hole that only passes for swivel joint, and preferably realizes airtight the connection with swivel joint.Described rotatingcylindrical drum is fixedly connected with reinforcing bar with the driving shaft of the described drive motors that extend into this cylinder inside, for example by being weldingly connected, a described end that for example is weldingly connected reinforcing bar is welded on the inwall of described rotatingcylindrical drum or is welded on the opening part of described rotatingcylindrical drum, exemplarily for example be weldingly connected by three reinforcing bars that are 120 ° take driving shaft as benchmark, rotate thereby can drive described rotatingcylindrical drum when drive motors turns round.In addition, for the stability of rotating, the center line of described driving shaft and described rotatingcylindrical drum coincides.When rotatingcylindrical drum rotates to certain direction, described flight can be completed feed operation with in the polluted soil precession rotatingcylindrical drum that adds, otherwise when the rotatingcylindrical drum counter-rotation, described flight can be released rotatingcylindrical drum with soil, thereby completes the discharging operation.When operating, the rotating speed of described drive motors is 25-60rpm, any subinterval during this numerical value has comprised, exemplarily can be 30-55rpm, 35-50rpm or 40-45rpm, also comprised any concrete numerical value wherein, for example 30rpm, 35rpm, 40rpm, 45rpm, 50rpm, 55rpm or 60rpm.
The drive motors of described hybrid reaction unit can be any conventional known drive motor in industrial circle, it can connect switch, thereby can change the polarity of electrode and realize that positive direction is rotated or counter rotation is moving when opening switch, both can rotate clockwise thereby drive described cylindrical rolling, also can be rotated counterclockwise.
The seal closure of described hybrid reaction unit wraps up described rotatingcylindrical drum fully, and is provided with charging aperture and the discharging opening that is respectively used to charging and discharging, and the waste gas outlet that is used for combustion gas.Consider for the convenient of charging and discharging, charging aperture is located at the top of described seal closure, and discharging opening is located at the bottom of described seal closure, and preferred described charging aperture and discharging opening lay respectively at the upper and lower of the same end of seal closure.Described waste gas outlet can be arranged on any position of described seal closure, for example top, bottom or sidepiece, but because gas is easier to upwards flow, therefore be preferably placed at described seal closure top, most preferably described waste gas outlet is positioned at the top of described seal closure another end (with respect to an end that is provided with charging aperture and discharging opening).For charging can enter into described rotatingcylindrical drum efficiently, easily, preferred feedstock mouth and discharging opening are separately positioned on the upper and lower of the seal closure end of described rotatingcylindrical drum open side, and described waste gas outlet is positioned at the top of described seal closure another end.
The not special restriction of the even gas distribution pipe of described hybrid reaction unit, as long as it can evenly be discharged the high temperature moisture fully to mix with soil, for example can seal in end, and have a pore on body, described pore is preferred evenly to distribute, and suitable selection can be carried out according to the practical operation needs in its aperture, for example can be 0.5-10mm, this scope has comprised any concrete numerical value that is positioned at wherein, exemplarily as be 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm or 10mm.the position of described even gas distribution pipe in described rotatingcylindrical drum be special the restriction not, can be positioned at any position of described rotatingcylindrical drum except central axis, for example can be positioned at the top of the central axis of described rotatingcylindrical drum, the below, it comprised be positioned at described central axis directly over, under, side top or side-lower, but be preferably placed at described central axis under, namely be positioned on same plumb cut with described central axis, for example be as the criterion with the distance center axis, can be positioned at 0.1r-0.9r place under described rotatingcylindrical drum central axis, wherein r is the radius of described rotatingcylindrical drum, for example can be positioned at 0.1r, 0.2r, 0.3r, 0.4r, 0.5r, 0.6r, 0.7r or 0.8r place, most preferably be positioned at the 0.5r place.
In above-mentioned removal polluted soil in the step (3) of the method for organic pollution, the not special restriction in described end tail gas clean-up unit, as long as can carrying out waste gas purification, it processes, for example it comprises waste gas purification apparatus and air exhauster, and wherein: described waste gas purification apparatus two ends connect respectively described air exhauster and described waste gas outlet.
Wherein, described waste gas purification apparatus refers to remove the volatility of carrying secretly in waste gas from described waste gas outlet, any waste gas purification apparatus of half volatile organic contaminant, they can be by various ways such as multistage filtering, absorption etc. and the organic pollution in waste gas and the tiny soil particle that may carry secretly are held back and adsorbed, and give off the pollution-free gas that meets discharge standard.For example can exemplarily exemplify, at first the purification process of described waste gas purification apparatus and order for holding back inorganic suspended particles by multistage filtering, then hold back less volatility, half volatile organic contaminant particle, pass through at last the organic pollution of sorbing material Adsorption gaseous state, thereby having prevented effectively that volatility, half volatile organic contaminant from proceeding to causes secondary pollution in atmosphere, and the gas that gives off meets discharge standard.In concrete operations, can be according to the concrete organism kinds in polluted soil, the factors such as the order of severity of soil pollution, and comprise one or more in multistage filtering material, sorbing material, catalysis material, can select active carbon, haydite, various catalyst granules etc. such as material therefor, the pollution level that depends on soil can be selected the particle diameter of these materials suitably, for example can be the 10-50 order, as 10 orders, 20 orders, 30 orders, 40 orders or 50 orders.
Described air exhauster by suction will form in described reactor Abgasabsaugung in described waste gas purification apparatus, waste gas meets discharge standard through after the purified treatment of described waste gas purification apparatus, and is discharged in the external world by described air exhauster and goes.The kind of described air exhauster is special the restriction not, can use the known air exhauster of any routine in industrial circle, is preferably explosion-proof air exhauster, and its air force can carry out suitable adjusting according to actual needs.
as mentioned above, the invention provides a kind of novelty, can efficiently remove device and the method for operating of volatile organic contaminant in soil, it is rapidly convenient that described device and/or method have startup, removal efficient is high, comprehensive energy consumption is lower, the excellent characteristics such as convenient mobile processing, can solving well in existing soil remediation process volatile organic contaminant, to remove efficient on the low side, energy consumption is higher, problems and the defectives such as gas sampling complexity, be highly suitable for processing fast and in time of paroxysmal organic material contaminated soil, also be suitable for very much the repair process of long regional soil of pollution time.
Description of drawings
The device that uses in order to be illustrated more clearly in described method of the present invention, during the below will describe embodiment, the accompanying drawing of required use is done simple the introduction, but apparent, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiment of the inventive method and/or device, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite that need not pay creative work, can also obtain similar modified accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 example illustration the formation schematic diagram of institute's operative installations in the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil of the present invention.
Fig. 2 example illustration the formation schematic diagram of hybrid reaction unit of device used herein.
Fig. 3 example illustration polluted soil and high temperature wet wind carry out the schematic diagram of hybrid reaction.
Fig. 4 example illustration the charging schematic diagram of polluted soil.
Fig. 5 example illustration the discharging schematic diagram of soil after treatment.
Wherein, the corresponding relation of the elements/components of each numeral number and/or code name and device of the present invention is as follows:
A. new wind heating unit b. new wind humidifying unit c. hybrid reaction unit
D. end tail gas clean-up unit e. reactor 10. pressure fans
11. pipeline heater 20. steam generator 30. swivel joints
31. even gas distribution pipe 32. rotatingcylindrical drum 33. flights
34. seal closure 35. charging aperture 36. discharging openings
37. drive motors 38. waste gas outlet 39. pores
40. waste gas purification apparatus 41. air exhausters
The specific embodiment
Following with reference to accompanying drawing; the device that the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil of the present invention is used describes in detail further and/or sets forth; but should be appreciated that; the exemplary description that this just makes device of the present invention and method of operating thereof; it is intended that to explain/set forth described device of the present invention and implementation method thereof; but not be used for limiting and/or restriction the present invention, more non-protection scope of the present invention is confined to this.
With reference to figure 1, in removal polluted soil of the present invention, the device of organic pollution comprises the new wind heating unit a that is connected in turn with pipeline, new wind humidifying unit b, hybrid reaction unit c and end tail gas clean-up unit d.
Wherein, collect rear formation high temperature wet wind from the new wind of high temperature of described new wind heating unit a with from the water vapour of described new wind humidifying unit b, and enter into described hybrid reaction unit c and mix with polluted soil, the waste gas of generation enters in described end tail gas clean-up unit d and discharges through purifying.
Described new wind heating unit a comprises pressure fan 10 and pipeline heater 11, and described pressure fan 10 is delivered to air in pipeline heater 11 by pipeline and is heated into hot-air.
Described new wind humidifying unit b comprises steam generator 20, enters described hybrid reaction unit c after collecting in pipeline from the steam of described steam generator 20 with from the hot-air of described pipeline heater 11.
Described hybrid reaction unit c comprises swivel joint 30, reactor e and drive motors 37, wherein said reactor e comprises seal closure 34, be positioned at the horizontal rotatingcylindrical drum 32 of described seal closure 34 inside and the even gas distribution pipe 31 that stretches into described rotatingcylindrical drum 32 inside, the inner surface of described rotatingcylindrical drum 32 is attached with flight 33, and described seal closure 34 is provided with charging aperture 35, discharging opening 36 and is connected the waste gas outlet 38 of described end tail gas clean-up unit; The driving shaft of described drive motors 37 passes described seal closure 34 and drives described rotatingcylindrical drum 32 rotations; Wherein said high temperature wet wind is passed in described even gas distribution pipe 31 via the described swivel joint 30 that passes described seal closure 34, and fully reacts with the soil that rolls due to the rotation of described rotatingcylindrical drum 32.
Described end tail gas clean-up unit d comprises waste gas purification apparatus 40 and air exhauster 41, and described waste gas purification apparatus 41 two ends connect respectively described air exhauster 41 and described waste gas outlet 38 (being shown in Fig. 2).
the operation principle of the described device of the present invention of Fig. 1 is as follows: utilize pressure fan 10 to suck natural air from the external world, being heated to uniform temperature in pipeline heater 11 becomes the new wind of high temperature, water is passed in steam generator 20 and becomes water vapour, this steam and the new wind of described high temperature collect in pipeline and are mixed into the high temperature wet wind with uniform temperature and humidity, this high temperature wet wind enters into the even gas distribution pipe 31 that is arranged in rotatingcylindrical drum 32 by swivel joint 30, and is discharged by the pore 39 on even gas distribution pipe 31, after opening charging aperture 35 and adding the polluted soil for the treatment of capacity, close charging aperture 35 and discharging opening 36 on seal closure 34, this moment, whole reactor e was airtight good, start drive motors 37, drive rotatingcylindrical drum 32 rotations, flight on rotatingcylindrical drum 32 will roll in polluted soil precession cylinder and constantly at this moment, and abundant hybrid reaction occurs by the pore 39 on even gas distribution pipe 31 (using " △ " to represent these pores for convenience of avatars) the high temperature wet wind of discharging and the polluted soil that constantly rolls, high and have certain humidity due to this high temperature wet wind temperature, thereby can desorb and " wash-out " get off and transfer in air in reactor e effectively the organic pollution that adsorbs and fix in soil, have certain suction force and reactor e after starting due to air exhauster 41 airtight good, thereby the waste gas of the organic pollution that is mixed with desorb and " suction is taken off " in reactor e is pumped in waste gas purification apparatus 40 by waste gas outlet 38 (being shown in Fig. 2), for example multistage filtering material and sorbing material can be housed in described waste gas purification apparatus 40, at first hold back inorganic suspended particles (as trickle soil powder of suction etc.) by multistage filtering, then hold back less volatility, the half volatile organic contaminant particle, adsorb by sorbing material at last and/or catalyst material is removed the organic pollution of gaseous state.Through the waste gas after so processing, the content of organic pollution sharply reduces, and reaches discharge standard fully, and realizes safe qualified discharge via air exhauster 41.
With reference to figure 2, in removal polluted soil of the present invention, the hybrid reaction unit c of the device of organic pollution comprises swivel joint 30, reactor e and drive motors 37.Wherein said reactor e comprises inner rotatingcylindrical drum 32, seal closure 34 and the even gas distribution pipe 31 that is arranged in described rotatingcylindrical drum 32.The surface, inside of described rotatingcylindrical drum 32 is attached with flight 33, the top of described seal closure 34 1 ends is provided with the charging aperture 35 for charging, the bottom is provided with the discharging opening 36 for discharging, is provided with the waste gas outlet 38 for combustion gas on the other end top of seal closure 34.The driving shaft of described drive motors 37 extend into the inside of rotatingcylindrical drum 32, and coincide with the central shaft of rotatingcylindrical drum 32, the right-end openings of rotatingcylindrical drum 32, at the driving shaft of drive motors 34 near this right-end openings place, by three reinforcing bars that are 120 ° take driving shaft as benchmark, and the inwall of driving shaft and rotatingcylindrical drum 3 is welded together (not shown these three reinforcing bars); The opening part that driving shaft passes seal closure 34 is equipped with sealing rubber ring, is preferably the high-temperature resistant rubber circle, to realize the good seal of whole reactor e.Described even gas distribution pipe 31 tops have a plurality of pores 39 to discharge the high temperature moisture.
With reference to figure 3, when charging, under "on" position, described device is opened to feed state, drive motors 37 drive rotatingcylindrical drum 32 rotations this moment, open simultaneously charging aperture 35 and discharging opening 36, contaminated soil is joined in reactor e by charging aperture 36, the soil of omitting in fill process will fall and collect pending from discharging opening 36, continuous feed stops charging until reach design during single batch processing ability, closes charging aperture 10 and discharging opening 11.In fill process, constantly with soil precession rotatingcylindrical drum 32, and can not cause soil to be discharged from discharging opening 36 a large amount of due to flight, can not be deposited near charging aperture 35 yet and affect carrying out smoothly of charging.This soil charging both can hand feed, also can pass through the belt conveyor intermittent feeding, preferably by the belt conveyor charging, so can accelerate charging and processing progress, had significantly reduced manipulation strength, ensured the health of human body safety of processing procedure.
With reference to figure 4, after charging was complete, described device entered reactiveness, opened pressure fan 10 and air exhauster 41, started simultaneously pipeline heater 11, formed the new wind of high temperature in pipeline.Open steam generator 20, the steam that forms is mixed in pipeline forms the high temperature wet wind with the new wind of high temperature, described high temperature wet wind enters into through swivel joint 30 the even gas distribution pipe 31 that is arranged in rotatingcylindrical drum 32 inside.driving due to drive motors 37, rotatingcylindrical drum 32 constantly rotates, under the stirring of flight 33, polluted soil rolls in cylinder, be able to abundant Agitation and mixing, and in rolling, in the time of Agitation and mixing, the high temperature wet wind is discharged by the pore 39 on even gas distribution pipe 31, carried out fully contacting mixing with polluted soil, thereby the solid-state and liquid abundant desorb of volatile organic contaminant and " wash-out " gets off in soil under high temperature and air humidity, become the gaseous state waste gas that contains volatile organic matter, and enter into follow-up waste gas purification apparatus 40 by waste gas outlet 38.
With reference to figure 5, through after the reaction of certain hour, when the organic pollution in polluted soil is reached designing requirement and environmental protection requirement by effective removal, the reactiveness end, this moment, described device entered the discharging state.Close pressure fan 10, air exhauster 41, pipeline heater 11 and steam generator 20, open simultaneously discharging opening 36, and the switch (not shown) that is connected with drive motors 37 of unlatching, thereby described device is adjusted to the discharging state, this moment rotatingcylindrical drum 32 contrary direction rotations, under the effect of flight 33, after processing, soil is pushed out to discharging opening 36 places, and discharges reactor e, after basically all soil all is discharged from, finish the discharging state, for volume is vacateed in the processing of next batch.
By the fill process of carrying out in turn Fig. 3, the hybrid reaction process of Fig. 4 and the discharging process of Fig. 5, can complete an operating process.In repeatedly carrying out above-mentioned three processes, just can carry out continued operation repeatedly.
Described device and the method for operating of the application of the invention can produce following good effect:
(1) effectively improve volatile organic matter removal effect and efficient in soil: the high temperature wet wind that has uniform temperature and humidity by utilization is carried out abundant mixing and contacting reaction to polluted soil, temperature and humidity has produced cooperative effect, can be effectively solid-state and liquid volatile organic matter desorption in soil in air and taking away, make the volatile organic matter in soil be removed.Simultaneously, according to chemistry and the physical property of the organic pollution in soil, can regulate neatly the parameters such as temperature, humidity and motor speed and make removal efficient more efficient.
(2) significantly reduced the excessive risk of waste gas: due in course of reaction, realize that the reactor of hybrid reaction is in the state of totally-enclosed, be equipped with simultaneously perfect waste gas purification apparatus, make the volatile organic matter that dissociates in the hybrid reaction process of soil and high warm and humid new wind not have directly excessive risk in environment, so significantly reduced the excessive secondary pollution risk that causes of waste gas.
(3) have through engineering approaches operability easily: all parts of package unit is integrated brief, can realize modularization production, and can be assembled into wheeled apparatus, can realize fast overall package at the processing scene, have engineering application conditions flexibly, can be conveniently used in Practical Project.Because the enforcement of the method coordinates without any need for civil engineering, so it is on-the-spot to be used in flexibly each soil treatment, especially have and load fast and assemble ability, being highly suitable for paroxysmal Organic Pollution on-site soil and processing, is a kind of portable organic polluted soil processing method field repair, emergent that is applicable to.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with instantiation, but should be appreciated that, these embodiment only are used for the use exemplify, and be used for absolutely not restriction and intention restriction range of application of the present invention and embodiment, more non-protection scope of the present invention is confined to this.
Embodiment 1: the removal of volatile organic contaminant in the soil of site, chemical plant
Use the apparatus and method of volatile organic contaminant in removal soil of the present invention, to processed by the volatile organic matter contaminated soil in discarded rear former soil, chemical plant, processing soil is slity soil.
Plant area's organic pollution of soil is being caused in production process for many years in the chemical plant, Shanghai.In order effectively to utilize this discarded chemical plant, need to carry out repair process to contaminated soil.
Adopting apparatus and method of the present invention that this contaminated soil is processed, is that 230 ℃, humidity are that in making the hybrid reaction unit, soil moisture content is to process 5 hours under 7% condition in the temperature of high temperature wet wind, and wherein the speed of drive motors is 40rpm.Sampling determination.The content of processing organic pollution main in the soil of front and back is as shown in table 1 below:
The content of table 1. pollutant and clearance
This shows, after so processing, no matter be volatile organic matter acetone and benzene, or the clearance of semi-volatile organic matter naphthalene is very high, all has higher clearance with respect to existing any recovery technique, and can save space, large stretch of place and processing time, have good actual application value.The volatility and the semi-volatile organic matter concentration that contain in soil after operation is processed have obtained significantly subduing, applicable to garden, newly-built greenery patches.
Embodiment 2-15 and Comparative Examples 1-5
After the temperature of high temperature wet wind as shown in the table and complete reaction soil moisture content, implemented embodiment 2-15 in the mode identical with embodiment 1 (namely using the identical contaminated soil in same mode of operation, former chemical plant, identical processing time and drive motors speed), the relation that wherein mainly contains the clearance of organic pollutants acetone, benzene and naphthalene and high temperature wet wind temperature, soil moisture content is as shown in table 2 below.Simultaneously, except the steam off generator, implemented Comparative Examples 1-5 in the mode identical with embodiment 1 (namely using the identical contaminated soil in same mode of operation, former chemical plant, identical processing time and drive motors speed) under different temperatures, data are shown in following table 2 equally.
The content of table 2. pollutant and clearance
Annotate: " the high temperature wet wind temperature " of the Comparative Examples that " * " marks is actually " the new air temperature of high temperature " because closed steam generator this moment, thus enter the hybrid reaction unit only be the new wind of high temperature, without moisture content.
As seen from Table 2, even if for identical high temperature wet wind temperature, soil moisture content lower than 3% the time, is caused the clearance decrease of major pollutants; Even and if for identical high temperature wet wind temperature, higher than 12% the time, also cause the clearance decrease of major pollutants when soil moisture content.However, 1-5 compares with Comparative Examples, its clearance is still far away higher than the situation of not carrying out humidification, this has proved when obtaining the high temperature wet wind when the steam that adds steam generator to produce, common desorb and " wash-out " due to temperature and humidity acts on, and the organic pollutant removal in soil has been produced significant synergy, thereby produced the effect that is much better than simple heat treated.
When extending the processing time of Comparative Examples 1-5 at temperature separately, even if find to extend to 30 hours, be only also 88.2% to the highest clearance of naphthalene.This shows, when only adopting heat treated, even if adopt the longer processing time, also can't improve significantly clearance, still can't satisfy environmental requirement and actual demand to the increasingly stringent of soil remediation.
Embodiment 16: gas station's contaminated site soil oil pollation thing is removed
The petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) that certain gas station contains different carbon atoms because the buried tank leakage causes place oil pollution, pollutant to be mainly.Adopt method of the present invention that contaminated soil is processed.Be that 150 ℃, humidity are that in making the hybrid reaction unit, soil moisture content is to process 8 hours continuously under 10% condition in the temperature of high temperature wet wind, wherein the speed of drive motors is 35rpm.The content of total petroleum hydrocarbon class in before and after the sampling determination soil treatment.After processing, total petroleum hydrocarbon is reduced to 0.11g/kg by original 8.73g/kg, and clearance reaches 98.74%.Simultaneously, in whole processing procedure, because the Airtightness of this device makes the personnel of whole processing procedure and Environmental security obtain powerful guarantee.
And when the steam off generator, when only relying on the new wind of high temperature to heat-treat, after processing 8 hours under 150 ℃, the clearance of total petroleum hydrocarbon is only 91.3%; After processing 20 hours, clearance is 92.6%, without raising and the improvement of essence.This is because absorption and/or the crystallized ability of total petroleum hydrocarbon and soil are stronger, relies on merely heat treated, even if significantly time expand also is difficult to fully that its pyrolysis and/or desorption is complete.
This shows, described method of the present invention is owing to having adopted the inventive apparatus that can carry out simultaneously heat treated and add wet process, and adopt rational temperature and soil moisture content, adopt simultaneously heating and add wet process and produced cooperative effect, have stronger soil pollutant and remove ability and efficient, can effectively be applied to soil in multiple situation and be subjected to repair process after volatile organic matter pollutes, both satisfied the demand of China's socio-economic development, avoided again some deficiencies of existing soil remediation technology, good advance has been arranged aspect soil treatment.
Although for for example and the purpose of description, and introduced structure and processing procedure shown in above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing.But these are not to be detailed description, scope of the present invention can not be confined to this.For a person skilled in the art, can make numerous modifications and variations to above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, and these all modifications and/or change all are included in as within claim limited range of the present invention, do not break away from the scope and spirit of the present invention that claim as described limits.
Claims (10)
1. a method of removing organic pollution in polluted soil, comprise the steps:
(1) air is incorporated in new wind heating unit, is heated as the new wind of high temperature;
(2) the new wind of described high temperature and the steam of wind humidifying unit of making a fresh start are collected rear formation high temperature wet wind, and enter into hybrid reaction unit and the abundant hybrid reaction of polluted soil;
(3) waste gas that produces after hybrid reaction is pumped in end tail gas clean-up unit and discharges through purifying;
Wherein, described hybrid reaction unit comprises swivel joint, reactor and drive motors; Described reactor comprises seal closure, be positioned at the horizontal rotatingcylindrical drum of described seal closure inside and the even gas distribution pipe that stretches into described rotatingcylindrical drum inside, the inner surface of described rotatingcylindrical drum is attached with helical blade, and described seal closure is provided with charging aperture, discharging opening and connection and is connected the waste gas outlet of end tail gas clean-up unit; The driving shaft of described drive motors passes described seal closure and drives described rotatingcylindrical drum rotation;
In step (2), described high temperature wet wind is passed in described even gas distribution pipe via the described swivel joint that passes described seal closure, and fully reacts with the soil that rolls due to the rotation of described rotatingcylindrical drum.
2. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as claimed in claim 1, be characterised in that: described new wind heating unit comprises pressure fan and pipeline heater, wherein pressure fan is delivered to air and is heated into the new wind of high temperature in pipeline heater by pipeline.
3. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as described in claim 1-2 any one, be characterised in that: described new wind humidifying unit comprises steam generator.
4. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as described in claim 1-3 any one is characterised in that: described end tail gas clean-up unit comprises waste gas purification apparatus and air exhauster.
5. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as described in claim 1-4 any one is characterised in that: the place's sealing of described even gas distribution tube terminal, have pore on body, and the diameter of pore is 0.5-10mm.
6. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as described in claim 1-5 any one is characterised in that: described even gas distribution pipe is positioned at 0.1r-0.9r place under described rotatingcylindrical drum central axis, and wherein r is the radius of described rotatingcylindrical drum.
7. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as claimed in claim 4, be characterised in that: described waste gas purification apparatus comprises one or more in multistage filtering material, sorbing material, catalysis material.
8. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as described in claim 1-7 any one is characterised in that: described drive motors connects switch, can change the polarity of electrode when opening switch.
9. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as described in claim 1-8 any one, be characterised in that: the temperature of described high temperature wet wind is 50-800 ℃, is preferably 100-600 ℃, more preferably 150-400 ℃.
10. the method for organic pollution in removal polluted soil as described in claim 1-9 any one, be characterised in that: the humidity of described high temperature wet wind be enough to make with the abundant hybrid reaction of polluted soil after soil moisture content count 3-12% with weight ratio, be for example 3-11%, 4-10%, 5-9% or 6-8%.
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Application publication date: 20130522 |