CN103147947B - Thermo-acoustic generator - Google Patents
Thermo-acoustic generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103147947B CN103147947B CN201110401582.0A CN201110401582A CN103147947B CN 103147947 B CN103147947 B CN 103147947B CN 201110401582 A CN201110401582 A CN 201110401582A CN 103147947 B CN103147947 B CN 103147947B
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- regenerator
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermo-acoustic generator, which comprises an isotopic heat source, a heat regenerator, a main cold end heat exchanger, an acoustic chamber, an acoustic power feedback tube and a permanent magnet motor. The permanent magnet motor comprises a permanent magnet and a coil surrounding the permanent magnet. The heat regenerator, the main cold end heat exchanger, the acoustic chamber and the acoustic power feedback tube are sequentially communicated. A temperature gradient is formed at the two ends of the heat regenerator by the isotopic heat source and the main cold end heat exchanger. Thermo-acoustic self-oscillation for converting thermal energy into acoustic energy is formed in the heat regenerator, so that self-oscillation acoustic voltage is generated, and the permanent magnet in the permanent magnet motor is driven by the self-oscillation acoustic voltage to reciprocally move to form induced electromotive force in the coil. The acoustic voltage generated by the self-oscillation of the thermo-acoustic generator is used for providing driving force for the movement of the permanent magnet to generate the induced electromotive force, the driving force for the movement of the permanent magnet is provided by the self-oscillation of the thermo-acoustic generator, and the thermo-acoustic generator does not comprise any movement part, so that the thermo-acoustic generator is high in reliability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of generators, be related specifically to a kind of hot sound generator.
Background technique
Electric energy is one of topmost energy of modern society, and other the energy of major part, such as, with the fossil energy that coal, petroleum gas are representative, water energy, wind energy, nuclear energy etc. all need by generator change into electric energy again utilize by people.The form of generator is a lot, and working principle is all based on electromagnetic induction principle, forms magnetic field and the electric field that can carry out electromagnetic induction in some way, thus realizes the object of transformation of energy.
It is fairly perfect that the generator of current routine has developed, but at some extreme environments, the work that conventional generator cannot be permanently effective.Such as when carrying out dark deep space probing, because detection time is very long, prober can not carry enough fuel, simultaneously due to away from the sun, also solar cell cannot be adopted to obtain enough electric energy, at this time just need a kind of generator with high reliability, long lifetime, unconventional fuel.For another example some long-term field detection devices, submarine detector etc. are due to severe working environment, cannot carry out the interpolation of maintenance and fuel, at this time need the disposable injection of fuel just can ensure long-term, stable operation.The generator adopting isotope decay to drive is a kind of possible selection.Isotope decay process can unusual length (87 years plutonium-238 half-value period), and it can for generator provides stable heat energy input in time decades, thus produce stable electric energy and export.But directly existing generator can be driven to there is following subject matter with isotope decay: the hot junction of existing generator all exists this moving element of piston, motive sealing is adopted between piston and cylinder, owing to there is lateral force, therefore seal ring and cylinder direct friction, their high speed relative movement can cause wearing and tearing, thus affect life-span and the generating efficiency of motor, and some other moving element also needs lubrication, this made generator just must carry out maintaining within several thousand hours.Obviously the use of described special occasions cannot be adapted to.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: existing generator uses chemical fuel, and have the moving element being positioned at hot environment, its piston and cylinder have direct mechanical friction, high speed relative movement can cause wearing and tearing, and need to add fuel and periodic maintenance, the inadaptable job requirement comprising the long-term unattended operation environments such as survey of deep space, habitata, field fixed point exploration.
(2) technological scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of hot sound generator.
Wherein, described hot sound generator comprises isotope heat source, regenerator, main cool end heat exchanger, acoustics cavity volume, sound merit feedback pipe and magneto, described magneto comprises permanent magnet and is centered around the coil of permanent magnet outside, described regenerator, main cool end heat exchanger, acoustics cavity volume harmony merit feedback pipe is communicated with successively, described isotope heat source and main cool end heat exchanger make the two ends formation temperature gradient of regenerator, the hot sound self oscillations that heat energy is changed to acoustic energy is formed in regenerator, thus produce self oscillations acoustic pressure, described self oscillations acoustic pressure drives the permanent magnet in magneto to move reciprocatingly, thus induced potential is formed in coil.
Preferably, the outlet end of described sound merit feedback pipe is provided with acoustic pressure delivery outlet, the cylinder with piston is provided with between described acoustic pressure delivery outlet and magneto, permanent magnet in described magneto is connected with the piston in cylinder, the acoustic pressure driven plunger motion that described acoustic pressure delivery outlet exports, thus drive permanent magnet motion.
Preferably, the gap between described piston and cylinder is 5-30 micron.
Preferably, the heat that described thermal source provides is delivered to regenerator through hot end heat exchanger, described acoustic pressure delivery outlet is communicated with time cool end heat exchanger, described time cool end heat exchanger is connected with hot end heat exchanger by thermal buffer channel, and described hot end heat exchanger, regenerator, main cool end heat exchanger, acoustics cavity volume, sound merit feedback pipe, acoustic pressure delivery outlet, secondary cool end heat exchanger and thermal buffer channel form closed loop circuit.
Preferably, described main cool end heat exchanger is air cooling or water cooling heat exchanger.
Preferably, described permanent magnet is connected with piston by main shaft, and described main shaft is fixedly connected with the plate-shaped springs in magneto, carrys out supports main shaft by this plate-shaped springs.
Preferably, described isotope heat source is plutonium-238 or polonium-210.
Preferably, described isotope heat source is provided with heat control device, for controlling the temperature that isotope heat source produces.
Preferably, the shell of described magneto is enclosing housing.
Preferably, be provided with silk screen or plate in described regenerator to fold.
(3) beneficial effect
Technique scheme tool has the following advantages: generator of the present invention is the two ends formation temperature gradient being made regenerator by isotope heat source and main cool end heat exchanger, the hot sound self oscillations that heat energy is changed to acoustic energy is formed in regenerator, thus produce self oscillations acoustic pressure, drive the permanent magnet in magneto to move reciprocatingly by self oscillations acoustic pressure, thus form induced potential in coil.The present invention is used for providing the driving force of permanent magnet motion in magneto by acoustic pressure thermoacoustic engine self oscillations produced thus produces induced potential, because the driving force of permanent magnet motion is provided by thermoacoustic engine self oscillations, thermoacoustic engine does not have moving element, therefore has the reliability of height.And this thermoacoustic system is travelling-wave type thermoacoustic system, make Sonic heat changing efficiency high.Under the moving element of magneto is in normal temperature environment, between piston and cylinder, have micro-gap, therefore there is not high temperature, the inefficacy caused of wearing and tearing, service life is long.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 100: isotope heat source; 101: isotope decay body; 102: heat control device; 103: heat output interface; 200: thermoacoustic engine; 201: hot end heat exchanger; 202: regenerator; 203: main cool end heat exchanger; 204: acoustics cavity volume; 205: sound merit feedback pipe; 206: acoustic pressure delivery outlet; 207: secondary cool end heat exchanger; 208: thermal buffer channel; 300: magneto; 301: cylinder; 302: coil; 303: dunnage; 304: main shaft; 305: pressure-bearing shell; 306: permanent magnet; 307: magnetic conduction stator; 308: piston.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, it is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention, this hot sound generator comprises isotope heat source 100, regenerator 202, main cool end heat exchanger 203, acoustics cavity volume 204, sound merit feedback pipe 205 and magneto 300, magneto 300 comprises permanent magnet 306 and is centered around the coil 302 of permanent magnet outside, described regenerator 202, main cool end heat exchanger 203, acoustics cavity volume 204 harmony merit feedback pipe 205 is communicated with successively, this isotope heat source 100 and main cool end heat exchanger 203 make the two ends formation temperature gradient of regenerator 202, the hot sound self oscillations that heat energy is changed to acoustic energy is formed in regenerator 202, thus produce self oscillations acoustic pressure, described self oscillations acoustic pressure drives the permanent magnet 306 in magneto 300 to move reciprocatingly, thus induced potential is formed in coil 302.Thermoacoustic engine of the present invention is when the temperature gradient at regenerator 202 two ends reaches 8000 DEG C/meter or more, can comprise acoustics cavity volume 204, sound merit feedback pipe 205 is formed to close in the thermoacoustic engine 200 in acoustics loop and magneto 300 and forms hot sound self oscillations, the acoustic pressure of vibration to drive in thermoacoustic engine 200 and magneto 300 the pressurized gas working medium that fills do Oscillating flow, realize the conversion (thermic sound) of heat energy to acoustic energy.This generator drives the permanent magnet motion in magneto by sound wave, thus produces induction electromotive force in coil.Because the acoustic pressure driving permanent magnet motion is produced by the thermoacoustic engine 200 of complete movement-less part, therefore there is the reliability of height.And this thermoacoustic system is travelling-wave type thermoacoustic system, make Sonic heat changing efficiency high.Under the moving element of magneto is in normal temperature environment, between piston and cylinder, have micro-gap, therefore there is not high temperature, the inefficacy caused of wearing and tearing, service life is long.
Isotope heat source of the present invention can adopt various applicable coordination usually to provide, and also can provide thermal source by direct-fired mode.Preferably, provide thermal source by isotope decay body 101, the isotope being used to provide thermal source can be plutonium-238, polonium-210 etc.The present invention adopts isotope can improve the working life of thermal source as thermal source, under can be implemented in unattended situation, and the long-term stability supply of heat energy.Such as, when the plutonium-238 of (87.6) is as isotope decay body when adopting long half-lift, can ensure that isotope heat source continues to provide sufficient heat energy in 10 years.In order to ensure that the temperature of thermal source can not be too high, isotope heat source 100 being provided with heat control device 102, controlling the temperature of isotope heat source, this heat control device can be existing various temperature controlling device, and it does not repeat them here for prior art.In order to be exported from isotope heat source 100 by heat energy, a heat output interface 103 is housed in isotope heat source 100, by this heat output interface 103, the heat of thermal source be imported in the hot end heat exchanger 203 of regenerator 202 one end.Heat output interface 103 can take various applicable hot good conductor, such as metallic copper, aluminium etc.
Thermal energy, for generation of hot sound self oscillations, is acoustic energy by thermoacoustic engine 200 of the present invention, drives the permanent magnet 306 in magneto 300 to move reciprocatingly, thus form induced potential by vibration sound wave in coil 302.Thermoacoustic engine 200 embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 comprises hot end heat exchanger 201, regenerator 202, main cool end heat exchanger 203, acoustics cavity volume 204, sound merit feedback pipe 205, acoustic pressure delivery outlet 206, secondary cool end heat exchanger 207 and thermal buffer channel 208, preferably, hot end heat exchanger 201, regenerator 202, main cool end heat exchanger 203, acoustics cavity volume 204, sound merit feedback pipe 205, acoustic pressure delivery outlet 206, secondary cool end heat exchanger 207 and thermal buffer channel 208 form closed loop circuit.Wherein, regenerator 202 two ends are hot end heat exchanger 201 and main cool end heat exchanger 203 respectively, hot end heat exchanger 201 is connected with the heat output interface 103 of isotope heat source 100, from isotope heat source 100, obtain heat keep higher temperature, main cool end heat exchanger 203 outwardly release heat keeps lower temperature, thus forming larger temperature gradient at the two ends of regenerator 202, the mode that main cool end heat exchanger 203 carries out cooling can adopt water-cooled or air cooling.When the temperature gradient at regenerator 202 two ends reaches 8000 DEG C/meter or more, self oscillations pressure will produce in thermoacoustic engine 200, gas is under the driving of alternating pressure, in the regenerator 202 that there is the temperature difference, carry out microthermodynamics circulation, realize the conversion (thermic sound) of heat energy to acoustic energy.This gas outputs to magneto 300 from acoustic pressure delivery outlet 206 after carrying out self oscillations through acoustics cavity volume 204, sound merit feedback pipe 205, thus provides the driving force of motion to the permanent magnet 306 in magneto 300.Increase in the regenerator 202 of this embodiment and have silk screen or plate to fold, such as by the poor wire gaze of thermal conductivity or tinsel is stacking to be formed, and make the hydraulic radius in regenerator 202 be less than the heat leak layer depth of gas working medium, achieve the reversible heat exchange in regenerator 202 between gas-solid, ensure that the high efficiency of thermoacoustic engine, this is also the reason that the present invention adopts traveling wave thermoacoustic prime mover.This thermoacoustic engine 200 is sound merit by thermal transition, movement-less part, and service life can reach 10 years, and Sonic heat changing efficiency reaches 20%-30%.
The acoustics cavity volume 204 harmony merit feedback pipe 205 of this embodiment provides the self-oscillatory environment of sound merit, acoustics cavity volume 204 harmony merit feedback pipe 205 can be made up of the metal tube of various shape, both calibers set as required, the caliber of general acoustics cavity volume 204 is greater than the caliber of sound merit feedback pipe 205, thus the enclosed space provided in thermoacoustic engine 200 required for acoustic oscillations, and extraneous pressure environment can be kept above.In order to ensure that the gas temperature of acoustic pressure output interface 206 maintains room temperature, acoustic pressure output interface 206 is provided with time cool end heat exchanger 207 and thermal buffer channel 208, thermal buffer channel 208 is connected with hot end heat exchanger 201, thermal buffer channel 208 is one section of metal tube composition, and secondary cool end heat exchanger 207 also can adopt the mode of water-cooled and air cooling to cool.The heat that this structure utilizes the bad thermal conductivity of gas working medium to realize between acoustic pressure output interface 206 and hot end heat exchanger 201 is isolated.
Magneto 300 of the present invention, under the driving of sound wave, by the motion of permanent magnet, thus produces induced potential on coil, make use of electromagnetic induction principle to generate electricity.This magneto 300 can take existing various motor, the magneto of this embodiment comprises coil 302, pressure-bearing shell 305, permanent magnet 306 and magnetic conduction stator 307, magnetic conduction stator 307 is provided with around permanent magnet 306, be installed with coil 302 in magnetic conduction stator 307, be provided with pressure-bearing shell 305 in the outside of magnetic conduction stator 307.Permanent magnet 306 is made by keeping the magnetic material of magnetic for a long time, and its straight reciprocating motion can produce the magnetic flux change of alternation on coil plane.Magnetic conduction stator 307 is pressed into after can being stacked by silicon steel plate, for the formation of the passage of magneto internal magnetic field lines.Pressure-bearing shell 305 can be made of metal, and seals, and for ensureing that magneto internal gas and ambient atmos completely cut off, and can tolerate the pressurized gas be filled with.
The cylinder 301 of magneto 300 embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is connected directly between on acoustic pressure delivery outlet 206, and in cylinder 301, have the piston 308 be connected with permanent magnet 306, permanent magnet 306 is connected with piston 308 by main shaft 304.In order to ensure the centering that piston 308 and cylinder 301 are good, in magneto 300, be provided with plate-shaped springs 303, be fixedly connected with main shaft 304, can be made up of stainless steel metal plate, preferably, the radial rigidity of plate-shaped springs 303 and the ratio of axial rigidity are 300-800.Because main shaft 304 is fixedly connected with plate-shaped springs 303, make to there is not lateral force between piston 308 and cylinder 301, do not have direct mechanical friction, wear out failure can not occur, thus extend working life.Form less gap between the piston 308 of this embodiment and cylinder 301, preferably, its gap is 5 ~ 30 microns, is more preferably 10 microns, and achieve the gas-insulated of cavity before and after piston, efficiency can reach more than 80%.When piston 308 is driven by the acoustic pressure that thermoacoustic engine 200 produces, the straight reciprocating motion that permanent magnet 306 will do along with main shaft 304 axially together, the plane of coil 302 produces the magnetic flux change of alternation, thus forms induction electromotive force at coil 302 two ends.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention drives the permanent magnet motion in magneto by self oscillations acoustic pressure, thus creates induction electromotive force.Because the driving force of permanent magnet motion is provided by thermoacoustic engine self oscillations, thermoacoustic engine does not have moving element, therefore has the reliability of height.This thermoacoustic system is travelling-wave type thermoacoustic system, makes Sonic heat changing efficiency high.Under the moving element of magneto is in normal temperature environment, between piston and cylinder, have micro-gap, therefore there is not high temperature, the inefficacy caused of wearing and tearing, service life is long.And the working life of thermal source can be improved as thermal source with isotope, and under can be implemented in unattended situation, the long-term stability supply of heat energy.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and replacement, these improve and replace and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a hot sound generator, it is characterized in that, comprise isotope heat source, regenerator, main cool end heat exchanger, acoustics cavity volume, sound merit feedback pipe and magneto, described magneto comprises permanent magnet and is centered around the coil of permanent magnet outside, described regenerator, main cool end heat exchanger, acoustics cavity volume harmony merit feedback pipe is communicated with successively, the outlet end of described sound merit feedback pipe is provided with acoustic pressure delivery outlet, the cylinder with piston is provided with between described acoustic pressure delivery outlet and magneto, permanent magnet in described magneto is connected with the piston in cylinder, described isotope heat source and main cool end heat exchanger make the two ends formation temperature gradient of regenerator, the hot sound self oscillations that heat energy is changed to acoustic energy is formed in regenerator, thus produce self oscillations acoustic pressure at acoustic pressure delivery outlet, described self oscillations acoustic pressure is moved reciprocatingly by the permanent magnet in piston actuated magneto, thus induced potential is formed in coil.
2. hot sound generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the gap between described piston and cylinder is 5-30 micron.
3. hot sound generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the heat that described isotope heat source provides is delivered to regenerator hot junction through hot end heat exchanger, described acoustic pressure delivery outlet is communicated with time cool end heat exchanger, described time cool end heat exchanger is connected with hot end heat exchanger by thermal buffer channel, and described hot end heat exchanger, regenerator, main cool end heat exchanger, acoustics cavity volume, sound merit feedback pipe, acoustic pressure delivery outlet, secondary cool end heat exchanger and thermal buffer channel form closed loop circuit.
4. hot sound generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described main cool end heat exchanger is air cooling or water cooling heat exchanger.
5. hot sound generator as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described permanent magnet is connected with piston by main shaft, and described main shaft is fixedly connected with the plate-shaped springs in magneto, carrys out supports main shaft by this plate-shaped springs.
6., as the hot sound generator of claim 1-3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, described isotope heat source is plutonium-238 or polonium-210.
7., as the hot sound generator of claim 1-3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, described isotope heat source is provided with heat control device, for controlling the temperature that isotope heat source produces.
8., as the hot sound generator of claim 1-3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, the shell of described magneto is enclosing housing.
9. as the hot sound generator of claim 1-3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, be provided with silk screen in described regenerator or plate is folded.
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| CN201110401582.0A CN103147947B (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2011-12-06 | Thermo-acoustic generator |
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| CN201110401582.0A CN103147947B (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2011-12-06 | Thermo-acoustic generator |
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| CN103147947B true CN103147947B (en) | 2015-04-01 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2898217B1 (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2017-07-05 | Etalim Inc. | Thermoacoustic transducer apparatus including a transmission duct |
| CN103352817B (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-04-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Linear double-acting thermo-acoustic power generation system |
| CN103670975B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of heat and acoustic power generating system simultaneously utilizing low-temperature receiver and thermal source |
| CN103758657B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-05-06 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Acoustic resonance type traveling wave thermo-acoustic power generating system |
| CN103983007A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-13 | 广东万和新电气股份有限公司 | Gas-fired water heating device with generating set |
| CN110345031B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Naval vessel power generation system |
| CN109600012A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of solid thermoacoustic power generator |
| CN109450215A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of circumscribed solid thermoacoustic power generator |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1064746C (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 2001-04-18 | 中国科学院低温技术实验中心 | Thermoacoustic engine |
| CN1293303C (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2007-01-03 | 浙江大学 | Engine of mixing line wave thermal sound with bypass structure |
| JP2005253240A (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-09-15 | Denso Corp | Thermoacoustic power generator |
| CN1328507C (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2007-07-25 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Coaxial thermodriven generating system |
| CN100458147C (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2009-02-04 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Electricity generating system driven by traveling wave thermoacoustic engine |
| JP2007237020A (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2007-09-20 | Denso Corp | Thermoacoustic device |
| CN101275541B (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2011-08-31 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Heat voice traveling wave engine and uses thereof |
| US8004156B2 (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2011-08-23 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Compact thermoacoustic array energy converter |
| CN102006001B (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | Oscillation starting control method for thermo-acoustic engine |
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