CN103134983B - Based on Terahertz related detection system and the method for single frequency mixer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the Terahertz related detection system based on single frequency mixer and method, based on the Terahertz related detection system of single frequency mixer, by first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifying unit, Terahertz reference source, terahertz signal source, phase locking unit, spectrum processing unit and bias unit composition, first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, Terahertz frequency mixer is connected successively with intermediate frequency amplifying unit, intermediate frequency amplifying unit output terminal is connected with spectrum processing unit input end with phase locking unit respectively, phase locking unit output signal is successively to terahertz signal source, first wave beam separator, Terahertz reference source outputs signal to Second Wave beam separator, bias unit comprises the first bias unit and the second bias unit, first bias unit is connected with Terahertz frequency mixer, second bias unit is connected with intermediate frequency amplifying unit.The present invention is based on single frequency mixer and just realize the phase-locked detection relevant with terahertz signal in terahertz signal source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the phase-locked and signal coherence detection technique of signal source, particularly a kind ofly realize the phase-locked and terahertz signal in terahertz signal source based on single frequency mixer simultaneously and to be concerned with the system and method detected.
Background technology
Relevant detection (superhet mixing) realizes input by difference frequency between detected signal and local oscillator reference signal.Relevant detection can obtain amplitude and the phase information of detected signal simultaneously, and can realize high-resolution signal detection (as molecular spectrum input).Relevant detection at present is widely used in the fields such as radio astronomy.
Terahertz related detection system is made up of terahertz signal source, Terahertz frequency mixer and IF signal processing system etc.Conventional terahertz signal source mainly comprises solid semiconductor source, gas laser and quantum cascade laser etc. at present.But when radio astronomy more and more develops to high band, some terahertz signal source will be difficult to meet practical application request, as solid semiconductor source, it is by stray reactance effect limits, sharply reduce in more than 1.5THz frequency band signals output power, be difficult to meet Terahertz frequency mixer (comprising super conducting mixer) local oscillator demand.And infrared-gas laser instrument due to output power stability not high, and volume is comparatively large, is also difficult to applicable actual Astronomical application.In recent years, quantum cascade laser is in output power, and the various aspects such as output frequency and working temperature all obtain remarkable breakthrough, has become one of the important selection in Terahertz high band (if 1.5THz is with super band) local oscillation signal source.But frequency of operation during this type of terahertz signal source free oscillation is affected by external factor (as working temperature and bias source current noise etc.) usually can, needs to carry out phase-locked process to stablize its output frequency to it in actual Astronomical application.For this reason, the developed country such as American-European is just actively developing the phaselock technique research of high band terahertz signal source.
The phase-locked harmonic mixer that usually can utilize of signal source is realized, such as, utilizes Schottky harmonic mixer to realize the phase-locked of solid semiconductor source (as honest and just formula oscillator and frequency multiplier combination).At Terahertz high band (if 1.5THz is with super band), the harmonic mixing efficiency of harmonic mixer (as Schottky harmonic mixer) sharply reduces, and utilizing harmonic mixer to realize, Terahertz high frequency band signal source is phase-locked will become very difficult.The phase-locked of current Terahertz high frequency band signal source normally realizes based on frequency mixer fundamental wave mixing, and it is phase-locked that such as German KOSMA group and Dutch SRON group based superconductive thermoelectron frequency mixer fundamental wave mixing achieve 1.5THz and 2.7THz quantum cascade laser respectively.
As shown in Figure 1, existing Terahertz related detection system is made up of be concerned with detection subsystem 1 and the phase-locked subsystem 2 of terahertz signal of Terahertz, the Terahertz detection subsystem 1 that is concerned with is made up of tested signal, beam splitter, Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifying unit and spectrum processing unit, and the phase-locked subsystem 2 of terahertz signal is made up of Terahertz reference source, beam splitter, Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifying unit, phase locking unit and terahertz signal source.Two Terahertz frequency mixer are provided with in this Terahertz related detection system, it is phase-locked that one of them frequency mixer is used for terahertz signal source, another frequency mixer is used for the relevant detection of terahertz signal, this will make Terahertz related detection system structure become complicated, particularly use super conducting mixer (as heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer, its working temperature is generally 4K), need extra auxiliary cooling equipment.In addition, use two Terahertz frequency mixer also in requisition for two cover intermediate frequency amplifying units, labyrinth brings uncertainty by giving the reliably working of Terahertz related detection system.
Summary of the invention
In order to simplify, existing Terahertz is relevant detects (using two Terahertz frequency mixer) system, and it is phase-locked with terahertz signal related detection system and method that the present invention will provide one to realize terahertz signal source based on single frequency mixer simultaneously.The present invention shares Terahertz frequency mixer and corresponding intermediate frequency amplifying unit in the phase-locked and signal coherence of signal source detects, Terahertz related detection system structure can be simplified, improving detection system job stability and reliability, laying important foundation for realizing the stable relevant detection of terahertz signal.
In order to complete foregoing invention task, namely realize the phase-locked detection relevant with terahertz signal in terahertz signal source based on single frequency mixer, a technical scheme of the present invention is as follows simultaneously:
Based on the Terahertz related detection system of single frequency mixer, by first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifying unit, Terahertz reference source, terahertz signal source, phase locking unit, spectrum processing unit and bias unit composition, first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, Terahertz frequency mixer is connected successively with intermediate frequency amplifying unit, intermediate frequency amplifying unit output terminal is connected with spectrum processing unit input end with phase locking unit respectively, phase locking unit outputs signal to terahertz signal source, terahertz signal source outputs signal to first wave beam separator, Terahertz reference source outputs signal to Second Wave beam separator, bias unit comprises the first bias unit and the second bias unit, first bias unit is connected with Terahertz frequency mixer, second bias unit is connected with intermediate frequency amplifying unit,
Wherein, first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, terahertz signal source, Terahertz reference source, Terahertz frequency mixer, the first and second bias units and phase locking unit form the phase-locked subsystem in terahertz signal source, realize terahertz signal source phase-locked; First wave beam separator, measured signal, terahertz signal source, Terahertz frequency mixer, the first and second bias units and spectrum processing unit form terahertz signal and to be concerned with detection subsystem, realize that terahertz signal is relevant to be detected.
In the present invention, the phase-locked subsystem in terahertz signal source and the terahertz signal detection subsystem that is concerned with shares Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifying unit and corresponding bias unit.The present invention utilizes first wave beam separator by terahertz signal source output signal and is detected signal coupling to Terahertz frequency mixer, utilizes Second Wave beam separator that phase-locked for terahertz signal source required Terahertz reference source output signal is coupled to Terahertz frequency mixer simultaneously.Here select the reflection mode of beam splitter that phase-locked for terahertz signal source required Terahertz reference source output signal is coupled to Terahertz frequency mixer, because the transfer efficiency of beam splitter usually higher (being greater than 95%), increases a beam splitter in the transmission path of detected signal can not produce obviously impact to the performance of related detection system.In such a system, Terahertz frequency mixer realizes terahertz signal source output signal simultaneously and is detected signal mixing, and terahertz signal source output signal outputs signal mixing with the phase-locked required Terahertz reference source of signal source, intermediate-freuqncy signal after mixing is first through intermediate frequency amplifying unit, then power splitter is utilized to be divided into two-way, one tunnel connects spectrum processing unit, and another road connects phase locking unit.For Terahertz frequency mixer, conventional intermediate frequency amplifying unit mainly comprises low temperature low noise amplifier and normal temperature intermediate frequency amplifier.
Described spectrum processing unit comprises L/S wave band frequency mixer, L/S band signal source, intermediate frequency amplifier and wave filter and frequency spectrograph (as digital FFT frequency spectrograph), and L/S wave band frequency mixer receives intermediate frequency amplifying unit signal and L/S band signal source output signal exports L/S wave band intermediate frequency amplifier, wave filter and frequency spectrograph successively to.
Described phase locking unit is made up of L/S wave band frequency mixer, L/S band signal source, lock-oriented circuit module and microwave derived reference signal (as 100MHz derived reference signal) usually, L/S wave band frequency mixer accepts intermediate frequency amplifying unit signal and L/S band signal source signal, output signal to lock-oriented circuit module, microwave derived reference signal outputs signal to lock-oriented circuit module.In the phase locking process of terahertz signal source, signal source output signal and the reference source close with its output frequency output signal through the mixing of Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate-freuqncy signal after mixing is first amplified through intermediate frequency amplifying unit, then be divided into two-way through power splitter, wherein a road downconverts to microwave frequency band (near 100MHz) and carries out phase-locked process thus to realize terahertz signal source phase-locked.Simultaneously, terahertz signal source outputs signal and is detected signal also through the mixing of Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate-freuqncy signal after mixing is first amplified through intermediate frequency amplifying unit, then delivers to spectrum processing unit through power splitter and carries out frequency spectrum processing thus the relevant detection realizing terahertz signal.
The selection of required reference source in phase-locked for terahertz signal source, the higher hamonic wave in solid-state semiconductor source can be utilized, phase-locked such as 2.7THz terahertz signal source, can utilize the third harmonic of 900GHz frequency range solid-state semiconductor source (as frequency synthesizer and frequency multiplier chain combination).Solid-state semiconductor source uses extensively in Terahertz frequency range, its stable output power, output frequency is adjustable (usually having 10% tuning bandwidth), and solid-state semiconductor source all exists higher hamonic wave usually, can be used as terahertz signal source phase-locked in required reference source.In addition; usually in detection signal transmission path, (before Terahertz frequency mixer) bandpass filter can be added to suppress the direct detection effect of Terahertz frequency mixer (as heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer) in Terahertz related detection system; the fundamental signal frequency in solid-state semiconductor source is generally outside the band passband of this wave filter; so utilize the higher hamonic wave in solid-state semiconductor source as Terahertz reference source, its fundamental signal can not have an impact to the duty of Terahertz frequency mixer.
Another technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is: based on the Terahertz coherence detection of single frequency mixer, comprises phase-locked step and relevant detecting step, wherein,
Phase-locked step is as follows:
1). terahertz signal source output signal and the Terahertz reference source close with signal source output frequency output signal and are coupled to heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer by the first and second beam splitter respectively;
2). the intermediate-freuqncy signal after heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer difference frequency is amplified by intermediate frequency amplifying unit;
3). the intermediate-freuqncy signal after amplification is delivered to phase locking unit by power splitter;
4). in phase locking unit, intermediate-freuqncy signal and L/S band signal source are outputed signal mixing by L/S wave band frequency mixer, and in the signal after mixing and phase-locked module, reference source signal (as 100MHz microwave signal) enters PLL lock-oriented circuit module jointly;
5) signal after down coversion and microwave reference signal (as 100MHz microwave signal) are carried out the comparison of frequency and phase place by the phase detector in .PLL lock-oriented circuit module, produce an error signal;
6) .PLL lock-oriented circuit module loop filter is by error signal filtering radio-frequency component, then terahertz signal source is fed back to as tuning voltage, revise the DC bias current in terahertz signal source, stablize the output frequency in terahertz signal source, thus it is phase-locked to realize terahertz signal source;
Relevant detecting step is as follows:
1) detected signal and terahertz signal source output signal are coupled to Terahertz frequency mixer by first wave beam separator;
2) intermediate-freuqncy signal after Terahertz frequency mixer difference frequency is amplified by intermediate frequency amplifying unit;
3) intermediate-freuqncy signal after amplification is delivered to spectrum processing unit by power splitter;
4) in spectrum processing unit L/S wave band frequency mixer by intermediate-freuqncy signal down coversion;
5) in spectrum processing unit, the signal after down coversion is carried out amplification process by the intermediate frequency amplifier of L/S wave band, signal the most suitable is delivered to rear end spectrum analyzer system (as FFT frequency spectrograph) and is carried out spectrum analysis process, thus realizes the relevant detection of Terahertz frequency band signals.
Simultaneously the effect that the present invention is useful realizes the phase-locked detection relevant with terahertz signal in terahertz signal source based on single frequency mixer.Compared with comprising the related detection system of two Terahertz frequency mixer (particularly for using super conducting mixer), the present invention is concerned with in testing process because of and terahertz signal phase-locked in terahertz signal source, only use single Terahertz frequency mixer and share intermediate frequency amplifying unit (for super conducting mixer, intermediate frequency amplifying unit comprises low temperature low noise amplifier and normal temperature intermediate frequency amplifier usually) and corresponding direct current biasing unit, which simplify Terahertz related detection system structure, improve the reliability and stability of detection system.In addition, present invention also offers terahertz signal source phase-locked in the selection of required derived reference signal, namely utilize the higher hamonic wave in solid-state semiconductor source (as frequency synthesizer and frequency multiplier chain combination) as pll reference signal source.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional Terahertz related detection system block diagram;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention system chart.
Embodiment
Now 2 be described further with embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 2, based on the Terahertz related detection system of single frequency mixer, by first wave beam separator 2, Second Wave beam separator 3, Terahertz frequency mixer 5, intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8, Terahertz reference source 6, terahertz signal source 7, phase locking unit 10, spectrum processing unit 11, first bias unit 4 and the second bias unit 9 form, first wave beam separator 2, Second Wave beam separator 3, Terahertz frequency mixer 5 is connected successively with intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8, intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8 output terminal is connected with spectrum processing unit 11 input end with phase locking unit 10 respectively, phase locking unit 10 outputs signal to terahertz signal source 7, terahertz signal source 7 outputs signal to first wave beam separator 2, Terahertz reference source 6 outputs signal to Second Wave beam separator 3, first bias unit 4 is connected with Terahertz frequency mixer 5, second bias unit 9 is connected with intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8.Terahertz signal source 7 adopts 2.7THz quantum cascade laser, and Terahertz reference source 6 adopts 900GHz frequency range solid-state semiconductor source, and Terahertz frequency mixer 5 adopts heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer.
In the present embodiment, by first wave beam separator 2, Second Wave beam separator 3, terahertz signal source 7, Terahertz reference source 6, Terahertz frequency mixer 5, intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8, first and bias unit 4 second bias unit 9 and phase locking unit 10 form terahertz signal source phase-locked system, realize terahertz signal source phase-locked.Form terahertz signal by first wave beam separator 2, measured signal 1, terahertz signal source 7, Terahertz frequency mixer 5, first bias unit 4, second bias unit 9 and spectrum processing unit 11 to be concerned with detection subsystem, realize that terahertz signal is relevant to be detected.Two subsystems share Terahertz frequency mixer 5(heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer), intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8 and the first bias unit 4, second bias unit 9.
Wherein, the phase-locked step of 2.7THz quantum cascade laser is realized based on the Terahertz related detection system of single frequency mixer as follows:
1). 2.7THz quantum cascade laser 7 outputs signal by first wave beam separator 2 and Second Wave beam separator 3 respectively and the Terahertz reference source close with signal source output frequency (third harmonic in 900GHz frequency range solid-state semiconductor source 6) outputs signal and be coupled to heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer 5.
2). the intermediate-freuqncy signal after heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer 5 difference frequency is amplified by intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8.
3). the intermediate-freuqncy signal after amplification is delivered to phase locking unit 10 by power splitter.
4). in phase locking unit 10, intermediate-freuqncy signal and L/S band signal source are outputed signal mixing by L/S wave band frequency mixer, and in the signal after mixing and phase-locked module, reference source signal (as 100MHz microwave signal) enters PLL lock-oriented circuit module jointly.
5) signal after down coversion and microwave reference signal (as 100MHz microwave signal) are carried out the comparison of frequency and phase place by the phase detector in .PLL lock-oriented circuit module, produce an error signal.
6) .PLL lock-oriented circuit module loop filter is by error signal filtering radio-frequency component, then quantum cascade laser 7 is fed back to as tuning voltage, the DC bias current of correction qc laser 7, the output frequency of stable quantity qc laser 7, thus it is phase-locked to realize 2.7THz quantum cascade laser 7.
It is as follows that Terahertz related detection system based on single frequency mixer realizes the 2.7THz frequency band signals detecting step that is concerned with:
1) first wave beam separator 2 2.7THz frequency range is detected signal 1 and 2.7THz quantum cascade laser 7 output signal be coupled to heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer 5.
2) intermediate-freuqncy signal after heat superconducting electronics frequency mixer 5 difference frequency is amplified by intermediate frequency amplifying unit 8.
3) intermediate-freuqncy signal after amplification is delivered to spectrum processing unit 11 by power splitter.
4) in spectrum processing unit 11 L/S wave band frequency mixer by intermediate-freuqncy signal down coversion.
5) in spectrum processing unit 11, the signal after down coversion is carried out amplification process by the intermediate frequency amplifier of L/S wave band, signal the most suitable is delivered to rear end spectrum analyzer system (as FFT frequency spectrograph) and is carried out spectrum analysis process, thus realizes the relevant detection of 2.7THz frequency band signals.
Claims (5)
1. based on the Terahertz related detection system of single frequency mixer, it is characterized in that, this system is by first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, Terahertz frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifying unit, Terahertz reference source, terahertz signal source, phase locking unit, spectrum processing unit and bias unit composition, first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, Terahertz frequency mixer is connected successively with intermediate frequency amplifying unit, intermediate frequency amplifying unit output terminal is connected with spectrum processing unit input end with phase locking unit respectively, phase locking unit outputs signal to terahertz signal source, terahertz signal source outputs signal to first wave beam separator, Terahertz reference source outputs signal to Second Wave beam separator, bias unit comprises the first bias unit and the second bias unit, first bias unit is connected with Terahertz frequency mixer, second bias unit is connected with intermediate frequency amplifying unit,
Wherein, first wave beam separator, Second Wave beam separator, terahertz signal source, Terahertz reference source, Terahertz frequency mixer, the first and second bias units and phase locking unit form the phase-locked subsystem in terahertz signal source, realize terahertz signal source phase-locked; First wave beam separator, measured signal, terahertz signal source, Terahertz frequency mixer, the first and second bias units and spectrum processing unit form terahertz signal and to be concerned with detection subsystem, realize that terahertz signal is relevant to be detected.
2. Terahertz related detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described spectrum processing unit comprises L/S wave band frequency mixer, L/S band signal source, intermediate frequency amplifier, wave filter and frequency spectrograph, and L/S wave band frequency mixer receives intermediate frequency amplifying unit signal and L/S band signal source output signal exports intermediate frequency amplifier, wave filter and frequency spectrograph successively to.
3. Terahertz related detection system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described phase locking unit is made up of L/S wave band frequency mixer, L/S band signal source, lock-oriented circuit module and microwave derived reference signal, L/S wave band frequency mixer receives intermediate frequency amplifying unit signal and L/S band signal source signal, output signal to lock-oriented circuit module, microwave derived reference signal outputs signal to lock-oriented circuit module.
4. Terahertz related detection system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the phase-locked subsystem in described terahertz signal source, required Terahertz reference source is the higher hamonic wave in solid-state semiconductor source.
5. the detection method of Terahertz related detection system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the method comprises phase-locked step and relevant detecting step, wherein,
Described phase-locked step is as follows:
1). terahertz signal source output signal and the Terahertz reference source close with terahertz signal source output frequency output signal and are coupled to Terahertz frequency mixer by the first and second beam splitter respectively;
2). the intermediate-freuqncy signal after Terahertz frequency mixer difference frequency is amplified by intermediate frequency amplifying unit;
3). the intermediate-freuqncy signal after amplification is delivered to phase locking unit by power splitter;
4). in phase locking unit, intermediate-freuqncy signal and L/S band signal source are outputed signal mixing by L/S wave band frequency mixer, and the signal after mixing and microwave reference signal source signal enter lock-oriented circuit module jointly;
5). the signal after down coversion and microwave reference signal source signal are carried out the comparison of frequency and phase place by the phase detector in lock-oriented circuit module, produce an error signal;
6). lock-oriented circuit module loop filter is by error signal filtering radio-frequency component, then terahertz signal source is fed back to as tuning voltage, revise the DC bias current in terahertz signal source, stablize the output frequency in terahertz signal source, thus it is phase-locked to realize terahertz signal source;
Described relevant detecting step is as follows:
1) measured signal and terahertz signal source output signal are coupled to Terahertz frequency mixer by first wave beam separator;
2) intermediate-freuqncy signal after Terahertz frequency mixer difference frequency is amplified by intermediate frequency amplifying unit;
3) intermediate-freuqncy signal after amplification is delivered to spectrum processing unit by power splitter;
4) in spectrum processing unit L/S wave band frequency mixer by intermediate-freuqncy signal down coversion;
5) in spectrum processing unit, the signal after down coversion is carried out amplification process by intermediate frequency amplifier, and signal the most suitable is delivered to rear end frequency spectrograph and carried out spectrum analysis process, thus realizes the relevant detection of Terahertz frequency band signals.
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| CN104539371A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Superconducting heterodyne integrated receiver with terahertz quantum-cascade laser as local oscillation source |
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