CN103101192A - 用于借助透射焊接经由焊缝连接两个工件部分的设备 - Google Patents

用于借助透射焊接经由焊缝连接两个工件部分的设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103101192A
CN103101192A CN2012104520472A CN201210452047A CN103101192A CN 103101192 A CN103101192 A CN 103101192A CN 2012104520472 A CN2012104520472 A CN 2012104520472A CN 201210452047 A CN201210452047 A CN 201210452047A CN 103101192 A CN103101192 A CN 103101192A
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Prior art keywords
laser beam
workpiece
supporting part
accommodation section
channel
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CN2012104520472A
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CN103101192B (zh
Inventor
赫尔穆特·施泰因
维尔纳·沃尔曼
诺伯特·克日伊扎尼亚克
格德·黑内尔
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Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik GmbH
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Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0452—Orientable fixtures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
    • B23K26/0608—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams in the same heat affected zone [HAZ]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B23K26/324—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1658—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning once, e.g. contour laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1687—Laser beams making use of light guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1696—Laser beams making use of masks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • B29C65/787—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using conveyor belts or conveyor chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/2442—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours in the form of a single arc of circle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • B29C65/7864—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using a feeding table which moves to and fro
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • B29C66/73521—Thickness, e.g. very thin of different thickness, i.e. the thickness of one of the parts to be joined being different from the thickness of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
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    • B29K2995/0027—Transparent for light outside the visible spectrum

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Abstract

一种用于借助透射焊接经由焊缝连接两个工件部分的设备，其具有：用于两个沿x-y方向面式延展的、待经由焊缝连接的工件部分(21、22)的容纳部(1)；由大量能单个驱控的激光束发射器(31)组成的激光束源(30)，所述激光束发射器共同形成沿x方向取向的线阵；用于沿y方向相对激光束源(30)运输容纳部(1)的运输装置(6)和沿辐射方向布置在激光束源(30)后面的均光器(50)。均光器(50)包括承载部(52)，在该承载部中设置有至少一个反射通道(51)，该反射通道带有与焊缝的分布适配的通道横截面(QS)和与焊缝的宽度适配的通道宽度(b)。

Description

用于借助透射焊接经由焊缝连接两个工件部分的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于借助透射焊接经由接合区域(这里至少为二维的焊缝)优选连接大面积延展的工件部分的设备。
背景技术
原则上为了实施透射焊接，两个待相互连接的工件部分如下地彼此接合，即，所述工件部分沿接触区域直接碰触。接合区域位于接触区域内部。第一工件部分能由激光束透射且面朝激光源。第二工件部分能吸收激光束。激光束穿透第一工件部分，撞击到第二工件部分的上层，在那里被吸收并且转化成热能。第二工件部分的上层熔化，其中，通过热传导也发生了第一工件部分的邻接层的熔化并且两个工件部分材料锁合地连接成一个工件。
若两个工件部分应当沿着不等于接触区域的接合区域相互连接，那么必须将激光束的撞击限制到接合区域上，以便避免接触区域内其它区域的焊接。
为此，一种可能性是使用点状地或线状地聚焦到两个工件的接合区域上的激光束，如在专利文献EP1405713B1中描述的那样。聚焦激光束的、构造成辊柱或球的且处在透射性工件表面上的光学透镜与激光束同步地沿着接合区域移动。在此，待焊接的工件部分通过透镜局部地压在一起并且沿着接合区域精确地相互连接。但较大面积的连接是十分耗时的。
专利文献EP997261B9中公开了另一种方法，用该方法将两个工件部分借助透射焊接在接合区域中相互连接。在此，透射性的工件部分的自由表面由激光不能穿过的罩遮盖并且该罩由激光幕形式的激光束加载，该激光幕通过一个或多个激光源的激光束的准直和聚焦产生。该罩对应于接合区域地被打通，因此接触区域的那些不应相互连接的区域被遮盖。由罩阻挡的激光束被反射。
激光束沿着激光线痕撞击在吸收性的工件部分的表面上，其中，激光线痕通过罩的造型划分成线段。若罩对应于某一线段是打通的，那么该线段以激光束的全功率照亮；在未打通的罩中，相关的线段不被照亮。工件部分和激光线痕相对彼此移动，因此激光线痕引导经过接合区域。在此，激光线痕始终与在某时间点上扫过的接合区域的方位和延展相适配。激光幕的延展进而激光线痕的最大延展能够通过改变激光源和罩的工作间距来进行调整。此外，可以通过改变激光束的功率来调整激光线痕的能量密度。
如下在能量方面是不利的，即，发射的激光束的一部分没有被利用并且还或多或少地被漫反射，这意味着设备或激光源的热负荷升高并且需要额外的工作保护措施。此外，没有设置能够对激光束在工件表面上的功率密度分布产生影响的措施。
公开文献DE10007391A1公开了一种设备，在该设备中，这些缺点被消除。利用这里提到的设备既能够影响功率密度分布又能够影响在工件上产生的激光束的炽斑的形状。
为此，在激光束源和工件之间布置有面式的和空间分辨的、用于产生能预先给出的功率密度分布的光调制器。穿过光调制器所达到的空间分辨率通过布置在平面中的由能单个驱控的单元构成的矩阵实现，该矩阵垂直于这个平面地布置在激光束源的光路中。根据这些单元的数量，从激光束源出来的激光束分成单个的分束。用每一个这种彼此独立的单元可以影响相应的分束的透射。因此，在激光束撞击到工件之前，能够在矩阵的区域中有针对性地调整在整个激光束的通道横截面上的功率密度分布。
为了调制分束，单元具有能移动的微镜或微型晶体管或者实施为液晶单元。用这些装置可以无级别地将每个单元的透射从最大的透射调整至光的完全阻断。由此，在连续的或同步的材料加工中产生了多种可能性。在该设备的一种实施方案中，例如由此实现了工件在由光调制器界定的面上的同步加工，即，仅同时释放那些为了加工面式地布置在工件上的轮廓所需要的分束。通过单个释放的单元彼此间透射的分级，同时实现了在整个轮廓分布中的均匀的功率密度分布的调整。
因为光调制器直接布置在光路中，所以用于其构建的材料必须具有尽可能高的毁坏阈值。为了阻止通常在其已经能逐点接近毁坏阈值的光束轮廓上具有不均匀性的激光束撞击光调制器以及增加光调制器的动态区域，需要额外的措施，所述措施在撞击光调制器之前均匀化激光束。对材料特性和光调制器的功能性构建的高要求、用于均匀化撞击光调制器的激光束的额外的光学器件的使用以及所需要的控制的提供，意味着在制造设备时的高额费用。此外，这里应用的原则仅能在加工较小的工件时合理地使用。
在公开文献DE10201007717A1公开的设备中描述了一种明显更为简单的可行方案，用该可行方案能够无需使用罩就能将两个面式的工件部分经由结构化的且大面积延展的接合区域借助由多个能单个驱控的单个发射器组成的线形激光束源连接起来。
该设备包括承载部(这里：容纳部)，该承载部设计用于将两个沿x-y方向面式地延展的工件部分彼此定位；对准容纳部的、沿x方向取向的线阵(这里：由大量能单个驱控的单个发射器优选激光束发射器组成的激光束源，所述激光束发射器共同形成了线阵)；用于沿y方向相对线阵运输容纳部的装置以及用于空间分辨地运行单个发射器的控制装置。依据实施例，线阵由激光二极管组成，所述激光二极管在它们的慢轴方向上并排地布置并且它们的激光束在快轴方向上通过沿相应z方向的辐射方向前置的柱面透镜准直。
沿延展方向完全跨越接合区域的线阵产生激光幕，该激光幕相对工件部分进行相对运动并且在此沿其第二延展方向扫过整个接合区域。通过在相对运动期间有针对性地驱控单个激光二极管，仅以相应的激光功率加载接合区域。非接合区域保持不受激光功率影响并且因此无需被遮盖。
因此，有可能找到一种在能量方面较为有利的用于焊接较大工件的解决方案。然而，激光束不受影响地撞击工件部分，从而使得工件部分通常具有高斯分布形式的不均匀的功率密度分布。由此无法产生带有均匀的熔化处的例如狭窄的紧密的焊缝形式的轮廓清晰的接合区域。当接合区域在视觉上能被感知并且对工件外观有决定性影响时，通常要求清晰界定的接合区域。当工件部分必须相互密封地连接时，则要求均匀的熔化。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于提供一种用于透射焊接优选大面积延展的工件部分的设备，用该设备能够重复制造带有清晰边界和均匀熔合部的至少二维延展的焊缝，尤其是环形闭合的焊缝。此外，该设备应当具有简单的构建并且能够快速实施焊接方法。
所希望的是如下形式的简单的设备，如其例如在公开文献DE102009053261A1中针对点焊所描述的那样，在该设备中通过激光束经由所谓的射束管中的多次反射形成的混合而达到了撞击的激光功率的均匀化。但这种设备仅适用于焊接点状的连接部位。
附图说明
接下来应当借助实施例详细阐释本发明。在所属的附图中，
图1示出设备的主要组成部分的总览图；
图2示出用于均光器的构建的第一实施例；
图3示出反射通道的不同实施方案的图示。
具体实施方式
按照图1所示的第一实施例，设备主要具有储存和控制单元7、激光束源30、均光器50、容纳部1和运输装置6。
容纳部1如下地确定规格，即，使得沿x-y方向面式延展的工件20能在笛卡尔坐标系的x方向、y方向和z方向上定位到该容纳部中。工件20由透射性的工件部分21和吸收性的工件部分22组成并且如下地定位在容纳部1中，即，透射性的工件部分21面朝激光束源30。在激光束源30和容纳部1之间布置有将工件20与激光束源30的作用区域41屏蔽的、非透明的均光器50。其具有承载部52，在该承载部中存在沿z方向能穿通的反射通道51。反射通道51在x-y方向上具有由通道壁表面53界定的通道横截面QS，该通道横截面根据待焊接的焊缝的分布来成形和布置。此外，它还具有与焊缝宽度适配的通道宽度b以及在z方向上分布的通道长度l。为了实现容纳部1和激光束源30之间在y方向上的相对运动而设置有运输装置6。
图1中示出的容纳部1为了实现激光束源30和容纳部1进而工件20之间的相对运动而在y方向(行进方向)上与运输装置6固定地连接，其中，激光源30和/或容纳部1是否运动对依据本发明的焊缝的制造并不重要。
从上方置入容纳部1的、形成工件20的大面积的工件部分21和22通过进行方位固定的机构，如支座、止挡、凹部和其它形状锁合的元件在x方向、y方向和z方向上彼此地以及相对设备地定位。工件部分21、22在此具有如下典型的尺寸，即，在x方向上的直至1米的宽度和在y方向上仅由运输装置6的运动空间限定的长度。
激光源30在z方向上与容纳部1相隔间距2地布置在容纳部1上方。激光源30由大量能单个驱控的激光束发射器31，尤其是高功率二极管激光器模块(下文称为HLDL模块)组成，其中，单个的激光束发射器31形成了沿x方向导向的线阵并且借助储存和控制单元7以及激光器电源8运行。从激光束源30出发的激光束40以其在z方向上的辐射方向对准工件20。因为在设备中没有设置其它形成光束的光学器件，所以从形成线阵的激光束源30射出的激光束40具有相应于激光束发射器31的辐射角的散度。如下地调整激光束源30和工件20之间的间距2，即，在激光束40的作用区域41中出现从单个激光束发射器31射出的激光束40在x方向上的部分的重叠。
在同时运行所有单个激光束发射器31的情况下，从线阵射出的激光束40总体上具有发散的激光幕的形状，该激光幕在z方向上在容纳部1的高度上示出了带有线形高斯分布的强度形态的线形作用区域41。激光幕的散度对应单个HLDL模块的散度的总和。
在激光束源30的线阵内部，单个的HLDL模块如下地取向，即，它们的慢轴在x方向上分布并且它们的快轴在y方向上分布。激光束40在快轴的方向上借助柱面透镜调准到约0.5°的发散角。在慢轴的方向上激光束40具有约3.5°的发散角。
布置在激光束源30和工件20之间的均光器50由承载部52组成，该承载部在x-y方向上如下地确定规格，即，承载部能够相对激光束40的作用区域41屏蔽定位在容纳部1中的工件20。为了产生焊缝，将带有通道长度l和通道宽度b的在z方向上能穿通的、环形的反射通道51引入承载部52，激光束40可以通过该反射通道在因此被释放的区域中击中工件20。反射通道51在x-y方向上的方位和通道横截面QS相应于定位在容纳部1中的工件20上的待制造的焊缝的方位和形状。
反射通道51在其通道横截面QS中具有如下区段，通道壁表面53在所述区段中平行于x方向或平行于y方向地分布。在通道宽度b保持恒定的前提下，激光束40基于x方向上和y方向上的不同的发散角在仅沿x方向分布的区段上比在仅沿y方向分布的区段上更差地均匀化。在反射通道51的沿y方向导向的区段中，通过较高的多次反射的激光束40的份额而比在沿x方向取向的区段中更好地实现了均匀化。这种差别可以通过反射通道51的宽度的相应适配得到补偿，但这又导致区域性不同的焊缝宽度。通道宽度b进而焊缝宽度首先视工件20的要求而定。因此，在这个实施例中激光束源30如下地取向，即，它们的辐射方向以一定入射角绕x轴相对z轴倾斜地分布。由此，快轴的设有较小的发散角的激光束40的较少的份额以直接的路径到达工件20的表面。此外，通过入射角的提高，在通道壁表面53上的反射次数增加。
根据焊缝的分布，激光束源30可以相对z轴绕x轴和/或y轴倾斜地布置，或者也可以在加工期间布置，为此存在与控制和储存单元7连接的倾斜装置。
为了保持工件20上的恒定的焊缝位置，容纳部1和均光器50彼此具有x-y方向上的固定的方位关系。这种方位关系可以例如通过进行位置固定的机构，如柱导引架、滑轨或类似物实现，容纳部1和均光器50附着在它们上面。
在图2中以细节视图示出均光器50。
承载部52由两个相互围成中间空间的元件52.1、52.2组成，反射通道51由该中间空间形成。为了能够制造无中断的焊缝以及固定承载部的由反射通道51彼此分开的元件52.1、52.2，设置有针对激光束40透明的且机械上稳定的连接板54，该连接板在这里设计成玻璃板。承载部的元件52.1、52.2尤其有利地借助粘接附着在连接板54的面朝工件20的那一侧上。因此能够无需很大的安装耗费且非常快速地实现均光器50的制造。为了提供足够大的粘接面，在承载部的元件52.1、52.2上在面朝连接板54的那一侧上实施有平面。为了形成带有通道长度l的反射通道51，在承载部的元件52.1、52.2上构造有套筒状的薄壁52.1.1、52.2.1。
承载部52也可以构造成厚度等于通道长度l的实心平板，但这导致了不必要的高材料消耗以及不必要的大重量。
激光束40在均光器50中的均匀化通过激光束40在反射通道51中的通道壁表面53上的多次反射而产生的混合来实现。为了通过多次反射实现混合，反射通道51必须具有通道长度l和通道宽度b之间的特定的尺寸比例以及至少一部分激光束40必须以特定的角度入射到反射通道51中。
依赖于焊缝的待生成的宽度地来选择尺寸比例。在此处描述的实施例中，反射通道51例如至少70mm长和10mm宽。
承载部的壁52.1.1、52.2.1的与工件20对峙的端面如下地实施，即，它们能够与透射性的工件部分21的表面接触，因此它们清晰地限定了焊缝的宽度。
此外，通过使承载部的壁在压力下与透射性的工件部分21的表面接触，承载部的壁52.1.1、52.2.1能够用于在焊接过程期间通过经由容纳部1或均光器50作用的按压力来加载两个工件部分21和22。
端面也可以布置成与工件20间隔很小的间距，但因此伴随着间距2的逐渐变大而使焊缝的边缘变得不清晰，也就是说，激光束40在这里以朝着边缘逐渐下降的辐射功率撞击。在沿z方向拱曲的工件20的情况中，承载部的壁52.1.1、52.2.1有利地依赖位置地实施得不一样长，从而通道长度l发生变化，其中，最大和最小长度之间的长度差仅允许如下程度地大，即，在最长的通道长度l的情况下撞击工件20的辐射功率仍旧足够形成熔化并且在最小的通道长度l的情况下还能实现足够良好的均匀化。
发散的且在y方向上成角度的激光束源30的沿z方向进入反射通道51的激光束40至少部分地撞击到通道壁表面53上并且在其上反射。随着激光束40的入射角渐增，反射的次数也渐增，从而使得激光束40的更高分散度的部分于到达工件20的表面之前在通道壁表面53之间多次地往复反射。在将激光束40的直接撞击到工件20上的部分与在通道壁表面55上反射的部分混合时，以简单的方式在没有使用耗费的光学器件的情况下达到了焊缝内均匀化的功率密度分布。
这样制造的焊缝在其整个宽度上具有两个工件部分21和22的十分均匀的熔合。由此，焊缝的强度在其边缘区域中也可以保持如在焊缝中心那样的相同的水平。此外，几乎排除了由于在激光束40的功率密度分布中出现的不均匀性而造成对工件部分21和22的表面的损坏。因为焊接过程可以在运输装置6的运动过程中实施，所以尤其在对大面积的工件20加工时相比用如下设备来加工而获得了极大的时间优势，在该设备中单个激光束发射器31连续地在焊缝上方移动。
此外，通过均匀化，设备变得对例如在如下工件20中出现的间距2的波动不敏感，这些工件首先在x-y方向上延展并且额外地沿着它们的x-y延展具有在z方向上的高度差。因此没必要根据工件20的高度差沿焊缝重新调整间距2。
如下在能量方面是有利的，即，激光源30的单个的激光束发射器31仅当它们在运输单元6向前运动期间处在反射通道51之上时才由储存和控制单元7接通。
在使用HLDL模块作为单个的激光束发射器31时，如下是有利的，即，两个激光束发射器31分别与一个激光器电源8连接并且通过该激光器电源运行。这意味着，与两个激光束发射器31中的一个是否恰好位于反射通道51之上无关地，也同时接通第二个由相应的激光器电源8运行的激光束发射器31。为了阻止在这种情况下不必要的第二激光束发射器31的辐射，用一个电源运行的两个激光束发射器31中的每一个都至少与一个水冷却的固体继电器并联，从而在驱控其中一个激光器电源8时，相应不必要的激光束发射器31能够被短接。与一种将遮光器布置在光路中的解决方案相反，用这种配置方案能够减小激光束发射器31的平均负荷，减少冷却耗费以及降低平均能耗。
反射通道51可以如图3中选出的例子所示那样，以多种布置方案和通道横截面QS引入均光器50，以便能产生相应的焊缝。图3a中所示的反射通道51涉及一种特殊形状，亦即涉及带有延展的点状通道横截面QS的反射通道51，如其在现有技术中作为射束管公知的那样。它们能够具有任意成形的外轮廓，该外轮廓带有在允许的纵横比的大小范围内的最大延展。为此，只能产生在与射束管的布置方案相同的图案中的焊点，而不能产生焊缝。依据本发明的设备的优点在这里仅部分地实现，但这并未排除该装置的使用。
同样可以使用该设备，以便产生线形的焊缝，该焊缝的分布仅在x方向或y方向上限定。在这里也未完全实现依据本发明的设备的优点。
在图3b和图3c中示出了带有直线的或曲线的通道横截面QS的反射通道51的例子。在这里特征如下，即，反射通道51的线形不是闭合的线形，因而至少保留了接片形的材料连接部，从而承载部52如在图3a所示的例子中那样仅由一个板形的元件组成。透明的连接板54在这些情况中不是必需的。根据延展情况、通道横截面QS和引入的反射通道51的数量，能够在反射通道51之间的中间空间内设置有承载部52中的节省重量的空缺部。
如已经在第一实施例中描述的那样，在图3d中，反射通道51的通道横截面QS是闭合的线，因此反射通道51环形地构造。在这里特征如下，即，承载部52由至少两个相互分开的元件52.1、52.2组成。为了元件52.1、52.2的取向和固定，这里需要强制性地使用连接板54。
这种设备的特别有利的应用在于如下，即，透射性的工件部分21由薄壁的、平展的材料例如膜构成并且吸收性的工件部分22具有在z方向上直立的带薄壁的壁结构的壳形构建，膜应当焊接在该壳形构建上。在通常的用于焊接这样设计的工件部分的方法中，将完全遮盖工件20的加热的板压到上面的工件部分21上，从而通过按压力和加热的板的热量载入而在两个工件部分21和22之间产生熔合。在此，工件22的薄壁的壁结构必须如下程度地稳定地设计，即，使得它们能够吸收加热的板的按压力。为此所需要的稳定性在此仅能通过壁结构的壁厚度达到。
通过使用依据本发明的设备，壁结构的壁厚度能够减到最小，因为壁结构不必再承受加热的板的反压力。替代地，工件部分21在焊接之前，在沿x方向和y方向的预应力的作用下，在其边缘上容纳并且以轻微的按压力在壳状的工件部分22上张紧，从而工件部分21、22相互接触。随后进行焊接过程。尽管工件部分22的非常薄壁的壁结构仅具有很小的表面来制造焊缝，但还是可以通过均匀化达到与用受热板实现的强度类似的焊接的强度。由此可以节省材料以及此外提高如下工件20的生产率，这些工件的功能性要求尽量薄的壁结构。
在另一实施例中，纵剖面LS不像在迄今的实施例中那样示出两个相互平行布置的通道壁表面(图2)，而是通道壁表面53相互交会，也就是说，它们相对z方向倾斜一个角度地布置，从而反射通道51的指向激光束源30的开口比指向工件20的开口大。由此，一方面能够提高反射的次数并且另一方面能够减小通道在工件那侧的开口，以便产生狭窄的焊缝。角度的大小依赖于通道长度l和通道宽度b由此限定，即，反射不应导致激光束40被反射回来。
在另一特殊的实施方案中，激光束源30如下地取向，即，它们的辐射方向也在慢轴的方向上以一个相对于z轴的倾角分布。在这种情况中，辐射方向和在y方向上取向的通道壁表面53夹成一个倾角。这可以通过如下方式实现，即，激光束源30的单个的或所有单个的激光束发射器31以绕y轴而成的倾角相对z轴倾斜地分布。因此，在带有环形的通道横截面QS的反射通道51的沿y方向分布的区段中能够进一步改善均匀化。激光束发射器31从垂直于均光器50取向的位置偏离的每一次倾斜同时减少了由均光器50反射回来的激光束40并且因此降低了热负荷或者说用于冷却激光束源30的耗费。
附图标记列表
1                容纳部
2                间距
20               工件
21               透射性的工件部分
22               吸收性的工件部分
30               激光束源
31               激光束发射器
40               激光束
41               作用区域
50               均光器
51               反射通道
52               承载部
52.1、52.2       承载部的元件
52.1.1、52.2.1   承载部的壁
53               通道壁表面
54               连接板
6                运输装置
7                储存和控制单元
8                激光器电源
B                通道宽度
l                通道长度
QS               通道横截面
LS               纵剖面

Claims (10)

1.用于将两个工件部分(21、22)通过透射焊接经由至少二维分布的焊缝连接成一个工件(20)的设备，其具有：
-容纳部(1)，该容纳部设计用于将两个沿x-y方向面式延展的工件部分(21、22)在笛卡尔坐标系的x方向、y方向和z方向上相互定位；
-激光束源(30)，该激光束源以其辐射方向指向所述容纳部(1)进而指向定位于该容纳部中的工件部分(21、22)地取向，该激光束源由大量能单个驱控的激光束发射器(31)组成，所述激光束发射器共同形成沿x方向取向的线阵；
-运输装置(6)，该运输装置用于沿y方向相对所述激光束源(30)运输所述容纳部(1)；以及
-储存和控制单元(7)，该储存和控制单元用于依据所述容纳部(1)在y方向上的位置来空间分辨地运行所述激光束发射器(31)；
其特征在于，
均光器(50)在辐射方向上置于所述激光束源(30)的后面，该均光器包括承载部(52)，在该承载部中设置有至少一个反射通道(51)，所述至少一个反射通道带有与焊缝的分布适配的通道横截面(QS)、与焊缝的宽度适配的通道宽度(b)以及沿z方向的通道长度(l)，并且所述反射通道(51)具有对置的进行反射的通道壁表面(53)，至少一个来自所述激光束源(30)的激光束(40)的至少一部分在所述通道壁表面上多次地往复反射。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述反射通道(51)的通道横截面(QS)呈环形闭合的结构并且所述通道壁表面(53)由所述承载部的至少两个元件(52.1、52.2)形成。
3.根据权利要求1和2所述的设备，其特征在于，为了连接所述承载部的元件(52.1、52.2)而设置有稳定的、透明的连接板(54)，所述承载部的元件(52.1、52.2)附着在该连接板上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备，其特征在于，所述承载部的元件(52.1、52.2)粘接到所述连接板(54)上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述通道壁表面(53)平行对峙地布置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述通道壁表面(53)相互交会地布置。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述激光束源(30)如下地取向，即，使得辐射方向与所述通道壁表面(53)夹成一个角。
8.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述承载部的元件(52.1、52.2)具有套筒状的壁(52.1.1、52.2.1)，所述套筒状的壁共同形成了所述至少一个带有通道长度(l)的反射通道(51)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的设备，其特征在于，所述壁(52.1.1、52.2.1)具有面朝所述容纳部(1)的端面，所述端面能够贴靠在定位于所述容纳部(1)中的工件(20)上。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的设备，其特征在于，所述承载部的壁(52.1.1、52.2.1)依赖于位置地实施有变化的通道长度(l)，以便使所述均光器(50)能够与不平坦的工件(20)适配。
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CN102059454A (zh) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-18 詹诺普蒂克自动化技术有限公司 用于借助激光束进行点焊的设备
DE102010007717A1 (de) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-11 JENOPTIK Automatisierungstechnik GmbH, 07745 Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Durchstrahlschweißen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104191606A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2014-12-10 江苏大学 滚珠式激光透射焊接夹紧装置
CN108248055A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2018-07-06 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 一种塑料眼镜的焊接压合装置及方法
CN110711939A (zh) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-21 詹诺普蒂克自动化技术有限公司 传感器设施

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US8981256B2 (en) 2015-03-17
CN103101192B (zh) 2016-10-26
ES2532713T3 (es) 2015-03-31

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