CN103081856B - Regulation and control method for breeding environment of facility raised chickens - Google Patents
Regulation and control method for breeding environment of facility raised chickens Download PDFInfo
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- CN103081856B CN103081856B CN201310014294.9A CN201310014294A CN103081856B CN 103081856 B CN103081856 B CN 103081856B CN 201310014294 A CN201310014294 A CN 201310014294A CN 103081856 B CN103081856 B CN 103081856B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a regulation and control method for a breeding environment of facility raised chicken. The regulation and control method for the breeding environment of the facility raised chicken comprises the following steps that (1) a grow cycle of the facility raised chickens is divided into a plurality of control phases, (2) temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, hydrogen sulfide gas concentration and light intensity of each of the control phases are graded, (3) the control phase in which the facility raised chicken are and the grade in which actual temperature, actual humidity, actual ammonia concentration, actual hydrogen sulfide gas concentration and actual light intensity located are determined, and (4) exhaust fans, water sprays and feces cleaning machines are regulated and controlled according to the actual temperature, the actual humidity, the actual ammonia concentration and the actual hydrogen sulfide gas concentration of the breeding environment, and light compensation lamps are regulated and controlled according to the actual light intensity. The regulation and control method for the breeding environment of the facility raised chicken is capable of simultaneously monitoring the temperature, the humidity, the ammonia concentration, the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration and the light intensity of a chicken house and automatically controlling of the exhaust fans, the water sprays, the feces cleaning machines and the light compensation lamps, and supplies an ideal environment for raising chickens in facilities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of facility chicken breeding environment regulate and control method, relate in particular to a kind of method of chicken breeding environment parameter auto-control.
Background technology
In facility chicken breeding environment, the parameter of main monitoring has temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination.In house, temperature and humidity is of paramount importance parameter, need to constantly monitor and control.Ammonia is a kind of colourless, gas with strong and stimulating stink, how to be produced by chicken manure; Chicken is responsive especially to ammonia, even if ammonia concentration only has 5ppm, the protection mucous membrane in the respiratory system of chicken also can be upset, easy infection disease.Hydrogen sulphide be a kind of colourless, volatile, be with cacodorous gas; If the hydrogen sulphide of the frequent inhalation of low concentration of chicken, can cause vegetative nerve functional disturbance, there is polyneuritis.So monitor real-time and accurately temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination in hen house, and realize the auto-control of ventilating fan, cascade, dropping board scraper and light compensating lamp, significant.
In hen house, the monitoring of environmental parameter mainly relies on artificial experience and simple instrument at present, and most control systems must be operated by feeding and management personnel manual operation or electromechanical, and not only automatization level is low, and efficiency is low, controls effect bad.Scientific and technical personnel both domestic and external have also proposed many control methods, but these control method major parts only realize the Comprehensive Control of temperature and humidity in hen house, there is small part document to increase ammonia concentration control or intensity of illumination control, there is not yet about the patent of environmental parameter regulation and control in temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and five kinds of main houses of intensity of illumination or the relevant report of document.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of facility chicken breeding environment regulate and control method, complete and can not be according to the different phase of the chicken of different types of chicken and same kind to the self-adjusting defect of environmental parameter to overcome in the cultivation of existing facility chicken environmental parameter regulation and control, temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination in hen house are monitored simultaneously and ventilating fan, cascade, dropping board scraper and light compensating lamp are controlled automatically, for facility cultivation chicken provides a comparatively desirable environment.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of facility chicken breeding environment regulate and control method, overall control scheme comprises the steps:
(1) different to the requirement of temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination at different growing stage according to facility chicken, the growth cycle of facility chicken is divided into some control stage, determines that each control stage is for the suitable temperature of facility chicken, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination scope;
(2) according to each control stage for the suitable temperature of facility chicken, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination scope, temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination to each control stage are carried out grade classification;
(3) actual temperature to breeding environment, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination are monitored, and determine the grade that present control stage of facility chicken and actual temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination are positioned at;
(4) the grade regulation and control ventilating fan, cascade and the dropping board scraper that are positioned at according to the actual temperature of breeding environment, humidity, ammonia concentration and sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration, by actual intensity of illumination regulation and control light compensating lamp, wherein the number of ventilating fan is M, and the number of cascade is N.
In said method to the regulation and control of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper with carry out the regulation and control of light compensating lamp are separate.
At identical growth period, different to the requirement of temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination for the facility chicken of different cultivars, the control stage therefore marking off just likely occurs different; For the facility chicken of same kind, in the different control stages, the optimum value of suitable temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination and scope are also different; For the facility chicken of same kind in some control stage, the optimum value of suitable temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination or even gradually change; Can be by different optimum values and the grade of suitable temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination be set by this method, realize the not facility chicken of kind of the same race and regulate and control at the facilities environment of each vegetative stage.The division in control stage take sky as unit.
Regulation and control about light compensating lamp: because facility chicken breeding environment sealing is fine, light is darker, so the intensity of illumination in breeding environment almost depends on the quantity that light compensating lamp is opened completely, in general, for arbitrary control stage: described intensity of illumination grade is three: L<L
0-Δ L, L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L and L>=L
0+ Δ L, the actual intensity of illumination that wherein L is breeding environment, L
0for optimum illumination intensity (definite according to its present control stage), Δ L is intensity of illumination deviation (definite according to its present control stage), L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L is suitable intensity of illumination scope; Work as L<L
0when-Δ L, open by row light compensating lamp, until L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L; As L>=L
0when+Δ L, close by row light compensating lamp, until L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L.Row's light compensating lamp is arranged or is closed in every unlatching one, all needs to carry out in time the judgement of intensity of illumination.
Regulation and control about ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper: for arbitrary control stage:
Described temperature grade is five: T<T
0-2 Δ T, T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T, T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T, T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and T>=T
0+ 2 Δ T, the actual temperature that wherein T is breeding environment, T
0for optimum temperature (definite according to its present control stage), Δ T is temperature deviation (definite according to its present control stage);
Described humidity level is five: H<H
0-2 Δ H, H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H, H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ Δ H, H
0+ Δ H≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and H>=H
0+ 2 Δ H, the actual humidity that wherein H is breeding environment, H
0for optimum humidity (definite according to its present control stage), Δ H is humidity deviation (definite according to its present control stage);
Described ammonia concentration grade is three: C
n<C
n1, C
n1≤ C
n<C
n2and C
n>=C
n2, wherein C
nfor the actual ammonia concentration of breeding environment, C
n1for slight warning ammonia concentration (definite according to its present control stage), C
n2for severe warning ammonia concentration (definite according to its present control stage);
Described sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration grade is three: C
h<C
h1, C
h1≤ C
h<C
h2and C
h>=C
h2, wherein C
hfor the actual sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration of breeding environment, C
h1for slight warning sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration (definite according to its present control stage), C
h2for severe warning sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration (definite according to its present control stage);
Actual temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration and the sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration of described breeding environment carries out the regulation and control according to the form below of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper:
In above-mentioned table, X represents free position.
Because actual temperature and actual humidity have larger inertia, the experience of the control law that above table provides based on working control, has carried out conclusion, merging to the corresponding input state of identical output state, and whole control specification is also uncomplicated.
Beneficial effect: facility chicken breeding environment regulate and control method provided by the invention, can be according to the temperature of facility chicken breeding environment, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and five kinds of environmental parameters of intensity of illumination, realize the control to ventilating fan, cascade, dropping board scraper and light compensating lamp, thereby realize the auto-control of facility chicken breeding environment parameter.The method can according to the facility chicken of different cultivars and with the facility chicken of kind the optimum value in different growing stage Lookup protocol temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination, can meet the auto-control of the omnidistance breeding environment parameter of different cultivars facility chicken.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is control method overview flow chart of the present invention;
Figure 2 shows that the flow chart in arbitrary control stage of breeding environment parameter regulate and control method of the present invention.
Note: the condition 1～9 in flow chart and result 1～10 are as follows respectively:
Condition 1:(T>=T
0+ 2 Δ T and H>=H
0-Δ H) or (T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H>=H
0+ 2 Δ H) or (T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and C
n>=C
n2) or (T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and C
h>=C
h2)
Condition 2:(T>=T
0+ 2 Δ T and H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H) or (T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H and C
n>=C
n2) or (T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H and C
h>=C
h2)
Condition 3:(T>=T
0+ 2 Δ T and H<H
0-2 Δ H) or (T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H<H
0-2 Δ H and C
n>=C
n2) or (T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H<H
0-2 Δ H and C
h>=C
h2)
Condition 4:(T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and C
n<C
n2and C
h<C
h2) or (T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T and H>=H
0+ Δ H) or (T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T and H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ Δ H and C
n>=C
n1) or (T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T and H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ Δ H and C
n<C
n1and C
h>=C
h1) or (T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T and H>=H
0+ Δ H and C
n<C
n2) or (T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T and H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0+ Δ H and C
n<C
n2and C
h>=C
h2) or (T<T
0-2 Δ T and H>=H
0+ 2 Δ H and C
n<C
n2) or (T<T
0-2 Δ T and H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and C
n<C
n1and C
h>=C
h2)
Condition 5:(T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H and C
n<C
n2and C
h<C
h2) or (T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T and H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H) or (T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T and H<H
0-2 Δ H and C
n<C
n1)
Condition 6:(T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and H<H
0-2 Δ H and C
n<C
n2and C
h<C
h2) or (T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T and H<H
0-2 Δ H)
Condition 7:(T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T and H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0+ Δ H and C
n<C
n1and C
h<C
h1) or (T<T
0-2 Δ T and H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and C
n<C
n1and C
h<C
h2)
Condition 8:(T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T and H>=H
0-2 Δ H and C
n>=C
n2) or (T<T
0-2 Δ T and C
n>=C
n2) or (T<T
0-2 Δ T and H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and C
n1≤ C
n<C
n2and C
h>=C
h2)
Condition 9:(T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T and H<H
0-2 Δ H and C
n>=C
n1)
As a result 1: open M ventilating fan, open 0 cascade, close dropping board scraper;
As a result 2: open M ventilating fan, open (N/2) individual cascade, close dropping board scraper;
As a result 3: open M ventilating fan, open N/ cascade, close dropping board scraper;
As a result 4: open (M/2) individual ventilating fan, open 0 cascade, close dropping board scraper;
As a result 5: open (M/2) individual ventilating fan, open (N/2) individual cascade, close dropping board scraper;
As a result 6: open (M/2) individual ventilating fan, open N cascade, close dropping board scraper;
As a result 7: open 0 ventilating fan, open 0 cascade, close dropping board scraper;
As a result 8: open (M/2) individual ventilating fan, opens 0 cascade, startup dropping board scraper;
As a result 9: open (M/2) individual ventilating fan, open (N/2) individual cascade, start dropping board scraper;
As a result 10: open 0 ventilating fan, open 0 cascade, close startup dropping board scraper.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Different to the requirement of temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination at different growing stage according to facility chicken, the growth cycle of facility chicken is divided into some control stage.The needed preference temperature value of for example young bird chicken is higher, and along with it is grown up, preference temperature value can decline gradually.Fig. 1 has described the regulation process that carries out the division of control stage according to number of days (representing with t).Different types of facility chicken is due to the requirement difference to environmental parameter in process of growth, and the control stage number of dividing is also not quite similar.In the difference control stage, requirement according to facility chicken to growing environment parameter, the different optimum values of set temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination, and be divided into respectively several grades, determined the duty of ventilating fan, cascade, dropping board scraper and light compensating lamp by monitored actual environment parameter.Because the regulation and control of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper are determined by temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration and four kinds of parameters of sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration, and the regulation and control of light compensating lamp are decided by intensity of illumination, therefore the regulation and control of ventilating fan and cascade and the regulation and control of light compensating lamp are separate carries out.
It should be noted that: different types of facility chicken is at identical vegetative stage, and the division optimum value of temperature, humidity and intensity of illumination is different; Congener facility chicken is at different vegetative stages, and the division optimum value of temperature, humidity and intensity of illumination is also different; Congener facility chicken is at some vegetative stage, and the division optimum value of temperature, humidity and intensity of illumination gradually changes.This regulate and control method can be by arranging different optimum values and the grade of suitable temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination, ammonia concentration and sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration, realizes the facilities environment regulation and control of different types of chicken at each vegetative stage.
Fig. 2 has described the control flow in arbitrary stage.A vegetative stage in office, the regulation and control of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper are determined by temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration and four kinds of parameters of sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration.Now temperature is divided into following five grade: T<T
0-2 Δ T, T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T, T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T, T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T, T>=T
0+ 2 Δ T, the actual temperature that wherein T is breeding environment, T
0for the optimum temperature in this stage, the temperature deviation that Δ T is this stage; Humidity is also divided into following five grade: H<H
0-2 Δ H, H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H, H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ Δ H, H
0+ Δ H≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H, H>=H
0+ 2 Δ H, the actual humidity that wherein H is breeding environment, H
0for the optimum humidity in this stage, the humidity deviation that Δ H is this stage; Ammonia concentration is divided into Three Estate: C
n<C
n1, C
n1≤ C
n<C
n2, C
n>=C
n2, wherein C
nfor the actual ammonia concentration of breeding environment, C
n1for the slight warning ammonia concentration in this stage, C
n2for the severe warning ammonia concentration in this stage; Sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is divided into Three Estate: C
h<C
h1, C
h1≤ C
h<C
h2, C
h>=C
h2, wherein C
hfor the actual sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration of breeding environment, C
h1for the slight warning sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration in this stage, C
h2for the severe warning sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration in this stage.The duty of ventilating fan is divided into three kinds of states: all open (M), half is opened (M/2), Close All; The duty of cascade is divided into: all open (N), half is opened (N/2), three kinds of states of Close All; The duty of dropping board scraper is divided into: open, close two states.Determine different output state (duty of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper) by different input state (temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration and sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration).Consider that environmental temperature and humidity have larger inertia, in conjunction with working control experience, have designed control law.Then the input state of identical output state is concluded, merged, to reduce the complexity of control method, control law is undertaken by the control rule table below.
Control rule table
About the regulation and control of light compensating lamp as follows: a vegetative stage in office, the regulation and control of light compensating lamp are decided by intensity of illumination.Because facility chicken breeding environment sealing is fine, light is darker, so intensity of illumination almost depends on the quantity that light compensating lamp is opened completely in canopy.In the time that all light compensating lamps are closed, in facility canopy, intensity of illumination is very low, is generally difficult to meet chicken overwhelming majority time requirement to intensity of illumination in process of growth.So at the main vegetative stage of chicken process of growth, all need to open the light compensating lamp of some.Here intensity of illumination is divided into following Three Estate: L<L
0-Δ L, L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L, L>=L
0+ Δ L, the actual intensity of illumination that wherein L is breeding environment, L
0for optimum illumination intensity, Δ L is intensity of illumination deviation, L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L is suitable intensity of illumination scope.In the time that the intensity of illumination detecting is in optimum range, maintain the work on hand state of light compensating lamp.If the intensity of illumination detecting is not in optimum range, if in L<L
0-Δ L grade, opens light compensating lamp, by row until it is in optimum range; If in L>=L
0+ Δ L grade, closes light compensating lamp, by row until it is in optimum range.A row is arranged or closes in every unlatching one, all judges that it is whether in optimum range.
In Fig. 2, first judge according to time t, then enter the corresponding control stage.In this control stage, carry out the grade classification of relevant parameter, temperature, humidity are divided into respectively to five grades here, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination are divided into respectively Three Estate, have 225 kinds of assembled state.And the output being determined by actual conditions has 10 kinds of situations, the work combined situation of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper has 10 kinds.According to output assembled state, input assembled state is concluded, merged, form initial conditions 1～condition 10.According to the temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration and the sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration information that gather, judge meet which kind of initial conditions, corresponding Output rusults then made.Output rusults is 10 kinds of work assembled state of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper.Finally carry out the regulation and control of light compensating lamp, first judge that intensity of illumination in facility canopy is whether in optimum range, if, do not carry out the operation of light compensating lamp; If do not exist, judge that intensity of illumination is the minimum lower than optimum range, still, higher than the peak of optimum range, then regulate by opening by row light compensating lamp or closing by row light compensating lamp, until intensity of illumination is in optimum range.
Embodiment: taking laying hen facility cultivation as example, carry out instantiation explanation.
Requirement according to the growing environment of laying hen to temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration, the particularly different requirements to temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination at different growing stage, this control method is divided into 5 control stages: the 1st stage was the environment conditioning of 0～7 day young bird laying hen; The 2nd stage was the environment conditioning of 8～28 day growth stage; The 3rd stage was the environment conditioning of 29～42 day growth stage; The 4th stage was the environment conditioning of 43～120 day growth stage; The 5th stage was the environment conditioning of laying period after 120 days.
In this double teacher, the optimum value of ammonia concentration and sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is changeless.C is set
n1=5ppm, C
n2=10ppm, C
h1=4ppm, C
h2=8ppm.And the optimum value of temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination changes to some extent in different phase, this is by laying hen, the requirement of facility growing environment to be determined.
At first stage, i.e. postnatal the 1st week of laying hen (1～7 day), chick temperature requirement is controlled at 32-36 DEG C, so design temperature optimum value T
0=34 ° of C, Δ T=1 ° C.General 1 week age, humidity was controlled at 65%～70%, because chick is not tight to the requirement of humidity, was H so set humidity optimum value
0=67%, Δ H=1.5%; It is comparatively suitable that 1-7 age in days intensity of illumination is not less than 20Lux, now young chicken eyesight a little less than, if light is partially dark, inconvenience is searched for food, is drunk water.So intensity of illumination optimum value is L
0=22Lux, Δ L=2Lux.Illustrate, if the temperature detecting in this stage is T=35.5 DEG C, humidity is H=69%, and ammonia concentration is C
n=1ppm, the C of sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration
h=1ppm.Now temperature is in T
0+ Δ T (35 ° of C)≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T (36 ° of C) grade, humidity is in H
0+ Δ H≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H grades, ammonia concentration is in C
n<C
n1(5ppm) grade, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is in C
h<C
h1(4ppm) grade.Contrast control rule table above, known (M/2) the individual ventilating fan of now should opening, cuts out cascade, closes dropping board scraper.According to the temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration and the sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration value that detect, in conjunction with this 4 environmental parameter optimum values and the control table above in this stage, determine the duty of ventilating fan, cascade and the dropping board scraper in this moment.About the regulation and control of intensity of illumination, if the intensity of illumination detecting is L=19Lux, visible intensity of illumination is in L<L
0-Δ L (20Lux) grade, in optimum range (20Lux≤L<24Lux).Now should open 1 row's light compensating lamp, then judge that intensity of illumination is whether in optimum range.If still in L<L
0-Δ L (20Lux) grade, opens 1 row's light compensating lamp, again until in optimum range.
Second stage is 8～28 days, i.e. postnatal the 2nd, 3,4 weeks of laying hen.The preference temperature scope of the 2nd week (8～14 days) is 28～32 DEG C.Later preference temperature scope entirety weekly reduces by 3 DEG C.So design temperature optimum value is T
0=[30-3 × [(t-7)/7]] ° C, in formula, t represents number of days, its span is: 8≤t<28, [(t-7)/7] represent (t-7)/7 round numbers.Δ T=1 ° C is set.Range of humidity variation is 60%～65%, and setting humidity optimum value is H
0=63%, Δ H=1.5%; In this stage, suitable intensity of illumination, in 10Lux left and right, is L so set intensity of illumination optimum value
0=10Lux, Δ L=2Lux.Describe taking the 18th day as example, the preference temperature scope of the 18th day is 25～29 DEG C, and temperature optimum value is T
0=27 ° of C.Detected temperature is T=30 DEG C, and humidity is H=65%, and ammonia concentration is C
n=3ppm, the C of sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration
h=2ppm.If the same day, detected temperature was T=30 DEG C, humidity is H=65%, and ammonia concentration is C
n=3ppm, the C of sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration
h=2ppm.Temperature is in T>=T so
0+ 2 Δ T (29 ° of C) grade, humidity is in H
0+ Δ H (64.5%)≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H (66%) grades, ammonia concentration is in C
n<C
n1(5ppm) grade, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is in C
h<C
h1(4ppm) grade.Control rule table above of contrast, knownly now should open M ventilating fan, closes cascade, closes dropping board scraper.About the regulation and control of intensity of illumination, if the intensity of illumination detecting is L=15Lux, visible intensity of illumination is in L>=L
0+ Δ L (12Lux) grade, in optimum range (8Lux≤L<12Lux).Now should close 1 row's light compensating lamp, then judge that intensity of illumination is whether in optimum range.If still in L>=L
0+ Δ L (12Lux) grade, closes 1 row's light compensating lamp, again until in optimum range.
Three phases is 29～42 days, i.e. postnatal the 5th, 6 weeks of laying hen.The preference temperature scope of the 5th week (29～35 days) is 20～24 DEG C, and the preference temperature of the 6th week entirety reduces by 3 DEG C.So design temperature optimum value is T
0=[22-3 × [(t-28)/7]] ° C, in formula, t represents number of days, its span is: 8≤t<28, [(t-7)/7] represent (t-7)/7 round numbers.Δ T=1 ° C is set.This stage belongs to the later stage of brooding, and suitable humidity, between 50%～60%, is H so set humidity optimum value
0=55%, Δ H=2.5%.In this stage, intensity of illumination should, in 6Lux left and right, be L so set intensity of illumination optimum value
0=6Lux, Δ L=2Lux.Describe taking the 38th day as example, the preference temperature scope of the 38th day is 17～21 DEG C, and optimum temperature value is 19 DEG C.If the same day, detected temperature was T=19.5 DEG C, humidity is 51%, and ammonia concentration is C
n=6ppm, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is C
h=3ppm.Temperature is in preference temperature grade, i.e. T so
0-Δ T (18 ° of C)≤T<T
0+ Δ T (20 ° of C) grade, humidity is in H
0-2 Δ H (50%)≤H<H
0-Δ H (52.5%) grade, ammonia concentration is in C
n1(5ppm)≤C
n<C
n2(10ppm) grade, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is in C
h<C
h1(4ppm) grade.Contrast control rule table above, known (M/2) the individual ventilating fan of now should opening, opens (N/2) individual cascade, closes dropping board scraper.About the regulation and control of intensity of illumination, if the intensity of illumination detecting is L=10Lux, visible intensity of illumination is in L>=L
0+ Δ L (8Lux) grade, in optimum range (4Lux≤L<8Lux).Now should close 1 row's light compensating lamp, then judge that intensity of illumination is whether in optimum range.If still in L>=L
0+ Δ L (8Lux) grade, closes 1 row's light compensating lamp, again until in optimum range.
Four-stage is 43～120 days, and temperature should maintain 20 DEG C of left and right, so design temperature optimum value T
0=20 DEG C, Δ T=1 ° C; Humidity still maintains between 50%～60%, is H so set humidity optimum value
0=55%, Δ H=2.5%; In this stage, intensity of illumination, in 6Lux left and right, is still L so set intensity of illumination optimum value
0=6Lux, Δ L=2Lux.Illustrate, if detect that in this stage temperature is T=17.5 DEG C, humidity is H=54%, and ammonia concentration is C
n=8ppm, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is C
h=5ppm.Temperature is in T<T so
0-2 Δ T (18 ° of C) grade, humidity is in H
0-Δ H (52.5%)≤H<H
0+ Δ H (57.5%) grade, ammonia concentration is in C
n1(5ppm)≤C
n<C
n2(10ppm) grade, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is in C
h1(4ppm)≤C
h<C
h2(8ppm) grade.Contrast control rule table above, the known ventilating fan of now should cutting out, cuts out cascade, starts dropping board scraper.About the regulation and control of intensity of illumination, if the intensity of illumination detecting is L=3Lux, visible intensity of illumination is in L<L
0-Δ L (4Lux) grade, in optimum range (4Lux≤L<8Lux).Now should open 1 row's light compensating lamp, then judge that intensity of illumination is whether in optimum range.If still in L<L
0-Δ L (4Lux) grade, opens 1 row's light compensating lamp, again until in optimum range.
At double teacher, the suitable temperature of laying eggs of laying hen is 13～23 DEG C of scopes, so design temperature optimum value T
0=18 DEG C, Δ T=2 ° C.Suitable humidity range is 60%～70%, is H so set humidity optimum value
0=65%, Δ H=2.5%.In this stage, intensity of illumination should, in 10Lux left and right, be L so set intensity of illumination optimum value
0=10Lux, Δ L=2Lux.Illustrate, if the temperature detecting is 15 DEG C, humidity is 60%, and ammonia concentration is C
n=10ppm, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is C
h=5ppm.Temperature is in T so
0-2 Δ T (14 ° of C)≤T<T
0-Δ T (16 ° of C) grade, humidity is in H
0-2 Δ H (60%)≤H<H
0-Δ H (62.5%) grade, ammonia concentration is in C
n>=C
n2(10ppm) grade, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration is in C
h1(4ppm)≤C
h<C
h2(8ppm) grade.Contrast control rule table above, known (M/2) the individual ventilating fan of now should opening, cuts out cascade, starts dropping board scraper.About the regulation and control of intensity of illumination, if the intensity of illumination detecting is L=6Lux, visible intensity of illumination is in L<L
0-Δ L (8Lux) grade, in optimum range (8Lux≤L<12Lux).Now should open 1 row's light compensating lamp, then judge that intensity of illumination is whether in optimum range.If still in L<L
0-Δ L (8Lux) grade, opens 1 row's light compensating lamp, again until in optimum range.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a facility chicken breeding environment regulate and control method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) different to the requirement of temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination at different growing stage according to facility chicken, the growth cycle of facility chicken is divided into some control stage, determines that each control stage is for the suitable temperature of facility chicken, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination scope;
(2) according to each control stage for the suitable temperature of facility chicken, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination scope, temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination to each control stage are carried out grade classification; For arbitrary control stage: described intensity of illumination grade is three: L<L
0-Δ L, L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L and L>=L
0+ Δ L, the actual intensity of illumination that wherein L is breeding environment, L
0for optimum illumination intensity, Δ L is intensity of illumination deviation, L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L is suitable intensity of illumination scope; Work as L<L
0when-Δ L, open by row light compensating lamp, until L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L; As L>=L
0when+Δ L, close by row light compensating lamp, until L
0-Δ L≤L<L
0+ Δ L;
(3) actual temperature to breeding environment, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination are monitored, and determine the grade that present control stage of facility chicken and actual temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration and intensity of illumination are positioned at;
(4) the grade regulation and control ventilating fan, cascade and the dropping board scraper that are positioned at according to the actual temperature of breeding environment, humidity, ammonia concentration and sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration, by actual intensity of illumination regulation and control light compensating lamp, wherein the number of ventilating fan is M, and the number of cascade is N.
2. facility chicken breeding environment regulate and control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for arbitrary control stage:
Described temperature grade is five: T<T
0-2 Δ T, T
0-2 Δ T≤T<T
0-Δ T, T
0-Δ T≤T<T
0+ Δ T, T
0+ Δ T≤T<T
0+ 2 Δ T and T>=T
0+ 2 Δ T, the actual temperature that wherein T is breeding environment, T
0for optimum temperature, Δ T is temperature deviation;
Described humidity level is five: H<H
0-2 Δ H, H
0-2 Δ H≤H<H
0-Δ H, H
0-Δ H≤H<H
0+ Δ H, H
0+ Δ H≤H<H
0+ 2 Δ H and H>=H
0+ 2 Δ H, the actual humidity that wherein H is breeding environment, H
0for optimum humidity, Δ H is humidity deviation;
Described ammonia concentration grade is three: C
n<C
n1, C
n1≤ C
n<C
n2and C
n>=C
n2, wherein C
nfor the actual ammonia concentration of breeding environment, C
n1for slight warning ammonia concentration, C
n2for severe warning ammonia concentration;
Described sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration grade is three: C
h<C
h1, C
h1≤ C
h<C
h2and C
h>=C
h2, wherein C
hfor the actual sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration of breeding environment, C
h1for slight warning sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration, C
h2for severe warning sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration;
Actual temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration and the sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration of described breeding environment carries out the regulation and control according to the form below of ventilating fan, cascade and dropping board scraper:
In above-mentioned table, X represents free position.
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| CN104111649B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-05-03 | 杨枫卿 | Chicken farm environment monitoring and disease forecasting system |
| CN105159216B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-10-02 | 淮阴工学院 | Environment of chicken house ammonia concentration intelligent monitor system |
| CN110506663A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-29 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of chicken raising equipment |
| CN113016712A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 陈世艳 | Epidemic prevention method suitable for improving immunity of rural free-range pigs |
| CN114047793B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-07-15 | 南京农业大学 | Water curtain cooling system based on swinery body surface temperature and temperature adjusting method thereof |
| CN116466778B (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2024-02-13 | 山东科技大学 | Automatic chicken house ventilation control method based on data driving and event reasoning |
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