A kind of germination processing method of wasabi seed
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of germination processing method of wasabi seed.
Background technology
Horseradish (Wasabi japonica Matsum) has another name called scurvy grass, mountain dish, is perennial half cloudy this plant of sward of Cruciferae Eutrema.
Contain a kind of material of mustard seed glycoside in the horseradish plant, when plant corpus was grated, this material is hydrolyzed under the effect of myrosinase and forms isosulfocyanate compound, and was wherein especially the highest with the acrylic isothiocyanate content, accounts for 89%~94%; In addition, the horseradish plant also contains the trace element of a large amount of amino acid and various human body needs.The amino acid and the trace element that contain abundant isosulfocyanate compound and a large amount of human body needs due to horseradish, therefore horseradish not only has strong hot taste and special fragrant hot flavor, but also have the multiple effects such as immunological regulation, antibiotic, anticancer, anti-oxidant, platelet aggregation-against, be the very rare and precious medicinal and edible plant of generally acknowledging in the world, be called as " green gold ".
Division propagation and seminal propagation are adopted in the breeding of horseradish plant more.Not only there is the serious problem of kind of sexual involution of nourishing and generating of many generations in division propagation, and reproduction coefficient is low, seedling carries disease germs seriously, very easily causes the generation of disease large tracts of land.Seminal propagation has that speed is fast, quantity is many, can reduce the advantages such as disease generation.Yet wasabi seed is difficult to long preservation, and this is to avoid drying in not anti-dehydration, storage and need low temperature to preserve because wasabi seed has, in case the wasabi seed dehydration too much just very easily causes its vigor to be lost.In addition the resting stage of wasabi seed also longer, need to take certain measure just can abolish dormancy, thereby improve the germination rate of wasabi seed.Current, existing people just improves the wasabi seed germination rate and is studied, " 6-BA and the GA that write as people such as Cui Cui
3The impact that wasabi seed is sprouted " and the people such as Zhu Jin " 6-BA and the GA that write
3Impact on wasabi seed germination rate and emergence rate " in, the author has studied emphatically chemical agent 6-BA and GA
3Impact on the wasabi seed sprouting.The present invention sprouts wasabi seed from the seed soaking condition of wasabi seed, soil selection, seed disinfection, broken dormancy processing and Germination Condition several aspects first and has carried out system research, has obtained a kind of wasabi seed processing method that can effectively improve the wasabi seed germination rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of germination processing method of wasabi seed, the method can effectively improve the emergence rate of wasabi seed.
The germination processing method of wasabi seed provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) seed soaking: wasabi seed is put into water soaked 12~48 hours;
(2) seed disinfection: the wasabi seed after soaking blots surface moisture with filter paper, then puts into thimerosal and soaked 4~12 hours, and is then clean with sterile water wash;
(3) the broken dormancy of seed is processed: it is that the Gibberellins solution of 30~220mg/L was soaked 12~48 hours that the wasabi seed after sterilizing is put into concentration, carry out the ultrasonic processing of 5~45 min therebetween, then after using sterile water wash 0~2 time, be placed under the condition of 4~8 ℃ and preserved 6~12 hours;
(4) sowing: the wasabi seed after step (3) is processed is seeded in the soil of preparation, and covering at the surface of the seed the soil that 0.3~2cm prepares, the soil of described preparation refers to be formed and sterile-processed soil by two or three material formulation in Nutrition Soil, vermiculite, perlite;
(5) Seed germination: seed that will be after planting is placed under the condition that 5~30 ℃, illumination every day 6~18 hours, intensity of illumination are 1500~3000 lx it is sprouted, and adds up afterwards the emergence rate of wasabi seed in 20 days;
(6), the statistics of seeding ratio: be defined as seed sprouting with the wasabi seed that grows cotyledon, seeding ratio=(growing the wasabi seed number of the wasabi seed number of cotyledon/sowing) * 100 %.
Further, the temperature of water is 5~35 ℃ in step (1), changes at set intervals water in immersion process one time, need clean when changing water wasabi seed limpid to water quality till.
Further, the thimerosal in step (2) is 1~5% Efficacious Disinfeitant solution or the too anti-chitosan solution of 1-3.5g/L.
Further, described in step (4), the soil of preparation refers to any in following soil:
A. Nutrition Soil: vermiculite: perlite=1:1:1;
B. Nutrition Soil: vermiculite=1:2;
C. Nutrition Soil: perlite=1:2;
D. vermiculite: perlite=2:1;
E. vermiculite: perlite=1:2;
F. Nutrition Soil: perlite=2:1.
Further, the soil of preparation described in step (4) disinfect the carbendazim solution sprinkling soil that refers to first with 0.1~0.5%, then used the sealed by film mulching soil 4~6 hours, then with 0.05~0.1% liquor potassic permanganate spray soil to soil bottom when having liquid to ooze out till.
The present invention can effectively improve the emergence rate of wasabi seed, statistical result showed, and the emergence rate of wasabi seed reaches as high as more than 90%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) seed soaking: the water of wasabi seed being put into 10 ℃ soaked 36 hours, change at set intervals during this time water one time, specifically: change for the first time water after seed soaks 3~5 hours, changed water once every 2~3 hours later on, need clean when changing water at every turn wasabi seed free from admixture, water quality to the water limpid till, and remove not plump kind;
(2) seed disinfection: the wasabi seed after soaking blots surface moisture with filter paper, then puts into the too anti-chitosan solution soaking disinfection 5 hours that concentration is 3g/L, and is then clean with sterile water wash;
(3) the broken dormancy of seed is processed: it is that the Gibberellins solution of 80 mg/L was soaked 36 hours that the wasabi seed after sterilize is put into concentration, carries out the ultrasonic of 20 min therebetween and processes, and after then using sterile water wash 1 time, is placed under the condition of 5 ℃ preservation 10 hours;
(4) sowing: the wasabi seed after step (3) is processed is seeded in the soil of preparation, and at the soil of wasabi seed surface coverage 0.6cm preparation, the soil of described preparation is by Nutrition Soil: the soil that perlite=1:2 is formulated, soil prepares rear elder generation at the carbendazim solution of its surface sprinkling 0.1%, then in time use sealed by film mulching soil 5 hours, again soil is installed in seedling-cultivating tray, spray until soil bottom when having liquid to ooze out with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate;
(5) Seed germination and emergence rate statistics: seed that will be after planting is placed under the condition that 15 ℃, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination are 2000 lx and cultivates, wasabi seed began to grow radicle in after planting the 4th day, and the emergence rate of adding up afterwards in 20 days is 91.2 %.
Embodiment 2
(1) seed soaking: wasabi seed is put into water soaked 28 hours, change at set intervals during this time water one time, specifically: change for the first time water after seed soaks 3~5 hours, changed water once every 2~3 hours later on, need clean when changing water at every turn wasabi seed free from admixture, water quality to the water limpid till, and remove not plump kind;
(2) seed disinfection: the wasabi seed after soaking blots surface moisture with filter paper, then to put into concentration be that 2% Efficacious Disinfeitant solution soaked 8 hours, and is then clean with sterile water wash;
(3) the broken dormancy of seed is processed: it is that the Gibberellins solution of 100 mg/L was soaked 20 hours that the wasabi seed after sterilize is put into concentration, carries out the ultrasonic processing of 30min therebetween, then is placed under the condition of 4~8 ℃ to preserve 6~12 hours;
(4) sowing: the wasabi seed after step (3) is processed is seeded in the soil of preparation, and at the soil of wasabi seed surface coverage 1.5cm preparation, the soil of described preparation is by Nutrition Soil: the soil that perlite=2:1 is formulated, soil prepares rear elder generation at the carbendazim solution of its surface sprinkling 0.3%, then in time use sealed by film mulching soil 5 hours, again soil is installed in seedling-cultivating tray, spray until soil bottom when having liquid to ooze out with 0.08% liquor potassic permanganate;
(5) Seed germination: seed that will be after planting is placed under the condition that 20 ℃, illumination every day 12 hours, intensity of illumination are 1500lx and cultivates, and cultivating the emergence rate of adding up afterwards in 20 days is 85.3 %.
Embodiment 3
To implement the middle soil of 1 step (4) and use Nutrition Soil instead: vermiculite=1:2, all the other steps are with embodiment 1, and cultivating the emergence rate of adding up afterwards wasabi seed in 20 days is 81.4 %.
Embodiment 4
To implement step in 1 (4) soil and use Nutrition Soil instead: vermiculite: perlite=1:1:1, all the other steps are with embodiment 1, and cultivating the emergence rate of adding up afterwards wasabi seed in 20 days is 79.4 %.
Embodiment 5
The disinfectant of step (2) in embodiment 1 is used instead 1% too anti-chitosan, all the other steps are with embodiment 1, and cultivating the emergence rate of adding up afterwards wasabi seed in 20 days is 77.4 %.
Embodiment 6
Use the disinfectant of step (2) in embodiment 1 instead 3% Efficacious Disinfeitant, all the other steps are with embodiment 1, and cultivating the emergence rate of adding up afterwards wasabi seed in 20 days is 70 %.
Embodiment 7
The thickness that embodiment 1 step (4) soil is covered changes 2cm soil into by 0.6cm, and all the other steps are with embodiment 1, and cultivating the emergence rate of adding up afterwards wasabi seed in 20 days is only 68.5 %.
Embodiment 8
The wasabi seed that sowing is good in embodiment 1 step (5) is placed under the condition of 30 ℃ and cultivates, all the other steps are with embodiment 1; Cultivating the emergence rate of adding up afterwards wasabi seed in 20 days is 58.7 %.