CN103074545A - High-strength low temperature hot rolling resistant channel steel for forklift gantry and preparation method for channel steel - Google Patents
High-strength low temperature hot rolling resistant channel steel for forklift gantry and preparation method for channel steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides high-strength low temperature hot rolling resistant channel steel for a forklift gantry and a preparation method for the channel steel. The channel steel for the forklift gantry comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by weight: 0.15 to 0.20 percent of C, 0.30 to 0.45 percent of Si, 1.30 to 1.45 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, 0.07 to 0.09 percent of V, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities. The preparation method for the channel steel for the forklift gantry comprises the following steps: performing preliminary desulphurization of hot metal, and controlling the sulfur content in the desulphurized hot metal not to exceed 0.020 weight percent; smelting in a converter, wherein a top-bottom combined blowing converter is adopted for smelting, and in the smelting process of the converter, aluminum ferromanganese is adopted for deoxygenation, and the oxygen content in the hot metal is controlled to be less than 30ppm; performing low frequency (LF) refining, namely fully stirring and slugging to generate white slag or yellowish white slag in the refining process; performing continuous casting, wherein an integrated stopper ladle is used in the casting process and square billet full-protective casting is adopted; and rolling. The prepared channel steel has high yield strength which is 475MPa in average, can meet the performance requirements for the channel steel for the forklift gantry, and can be produced at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of low-alloy high-strength steel for machine building.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The forklift door frame of producing at present is generally 335MPa and 400MPa with the intensity rank of shaped steel, only has the small part product can reach 420MPa.Usually require forklift door frame high as much as possible with the intensity of steel, but also require forklift door frame to have high abrasion, the performance such as low temperature resistant with steel.
For channel-section steel, usually require its yield strength greater than 440MPa for 3 ~ 5 ton fork gantries.Yet present production method still can not satisfy the various performance requriementss that 3 ~ 5 ton fork gantries are used channel-section steel.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of a kind of good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of preparation method of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, and described preparation method comprises the steps: molten iron pre-desulfurization, and the sulphur content in the control desulfurized molten iron is no more than 0.020wt%; Converter smelting adopts top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, and in converter steelmaking process, adopts the aluminium manganese-ferro deoxidation, and the oxygen level in the control molten steel is less than 30ppm; The LF refining, first abundant stirringization slag is made white slag or yellowish-white slag in the refining process; Continuous casting in casting process, uses the integral stopper rod bag, adopts the casting of square billet full guard; Rolling, the weight percentage of the chemical composition of the channel steel for mast of forklift of rolling gained is: C0.15%～0.20%, Si0.30%～0.45%, Mn1.30%～1.45%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V0.07%～0.09%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the add-on of aluminium ferromanganese is 1.5kg/t
Steel～2.0kg/t
Steel
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the converter smelting operation, ladle adopts red-face role's ladle, storing temperature 〉=800 ℃; The control endpoint carbon content is not less than 0.10wt%; Adopt two pushing off the slag tapping techniques, put the steel time to be not less than 1.5min, control the quantity of slag＜70mm under the converter; Manganese, silicomanganese, VN alloy are carried out alloying in the employing, and alloy is aimed at steel stream impact zone and added, and alloying constituent is by middle limit control; Carburelant adopts and forges coal, and the evenly adding of accurate steel stream, adds before tapping 3/4; Tap and dropped into slag-blocking ball at 3/5～4/5 o'clock to guarantee good pushing off the slag effect, guarantee ladle slag thick≤70mm.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the LF refining procedure, omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring is with silicon carbide or take off again slag is adjusted into white slag or yellowish-white slag; Take disposable benefit to feed aluminum steel, after the liquid steel temperature composition reaches the cast requirement, feeding calcium line 100～120m/ stove before departures.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in continuous casting working procedure, two cold employings are weak cold, and crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, and the superheating temperature of tundish is controlled at 15 ℃～25 ℃, and tundish adopts the low-carbon (LC) alkaline covering agent, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 1～1.5kg/t
Steel, pulling rate is 1.0～1.3m/min.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in rolling process, the soaking temperature of process furnace is 1220 ℃～1255 ℃, start rolling temperature is not less than 1150 ℃, finishing temperature is not higher than 950 ℃, and stocking adopts naturally cooling+spray the water-cooled type of cooling at cold bed, and straightening temperature is less than 100 ℃.According to embodiments of the invention, the specification of stocking is preferably C175 * 66.2 * 16.2 * 25.6 channel-section steels.
To achieve these goals, another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, wherein, the weight percentage of the chemical composition of described high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift is: C0.15%～0.20%, Si0.30%～0.45%, Mn1.30%～1.45%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V0.07%～0.09%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the weight percentage of the chemical composition of described high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift is preferably: C0.16%～0.18%, Si0.30%～0.35%, Mn1.35%～1.40%, P≤0.020%, S＜0.010%, V0.075～0.085%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
Therefore, the present invention mainly improves intensity by microalloying, and microalloying is mainly used vanadium, does not add other element, and casting process adopts the casting of integral stopper rod bag full guard.Therefore, channel steel for mast of forklift according to the present invention has high strength, low temperature resistant and good mechanical property, yield strength average out to 475MPa, tensile strength average out to 632MPa ,-5 ℃ of impact of collision merit Aku
2Average out to 61J, hardness average out to HRB196 can satisfy the performance requriements of forklift door frame fully.In addition, the method according to this invention has obtained the channel-section steel that intensity improves when reducing production costs.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift and preparation method thereof mainly for the problem of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift in composition, smelting and the operation of rolling.The channel-section steel that the method according to this invention is produced has good high-strength low-allow steel mechanical property, yield strength average out to 475MPa, tensile strength average out to 632MPa ,-5 ℃ of impact of collision merit Aku
2Average out to 61J.
The present invention is mainly by vanadium micro-alloying, and casting process adopts the casting of stopper bag full guard, realizes the production of high-strength low-allow steel material.In addition, the preparation method according to high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention adopts the aluminium manganese-ferro deoxidation.
Will be described in detail below according to high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention and manufacture method thereof.
Weight percentage according to the chemical composition of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention is: C0.15%～0.20%, Si0.30%～0.45%, Mn1.30%～1.45%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V0.07%～0.09%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
According to high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention, its Composition Design characteristics are that P, S content are low, the V alloy add-on is low, thereby are guaranteeing that product has under the prerequisite of higher-strength, realize low cost production.The reason of doing like this is: in the production practice process, for obtaining high-intensity product, usually adopt alloying elements such as adding Nb, V to realize alloy strengthening, product cost is higher; And in the present invention, by reducing P, S content, improve Molten Steel Cleanliness, and reduce the inclusion content in the product, only need to add simultaneously a small amount of V alloy, can guarantee that product has under the prerequisite of higher-strength, realize simultaneously low cost production.In addition, according to the present invention, the Composition Design of hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift adopts the mentality of designing of low-carbon (LC)+vanadium micro-alloying+low P, S control, and low-carbon (LC) can improve the comprehensive extension property of product; Add the trace vanadium alloy, because refined crystalline strengthening effect and the precipitation strength of vanadium can improve product strength effectively, and keep the low-cost effect of product; Low P, S control is intended to improve Molten Steel Cleanliness, reduces harmful being mingled with in the steel, guarantees the stability of the high-strength low-temperature-resistant of product.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, weight percentage according to the chemical composition of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention is preferably: C0.16%～0.18%, Si0.30%～0.35%, Mn1.35%～1.40%, P≤0.020%, S＜0.010%, V0.075～0.085%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
According to the present invention; the preparation method of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift comprises molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter smelting (for example 80 tons of top and bottom combined blown converter smeltings), LF refining, square billet full guard continuous casting, rolling (for example, 1-3 milling train layout pattern production line is rolling).
Specifically, the method according to this invention, in the molten iron pre-desulfurization operation, molten iron guarantees after the desulfurization that to the desulfurization station sulphur content in the molten iron is≤0.020wt%.
The method according to this invention in the converter smelting operation, adopts top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, and in converter steelmaking process, adopts the aluminium manganese-ferro deoxidation, so that deoxidation speed is fast, slagging is good, and the Control for Oxygen Content in the molten steel is below 30ppm.Aluminium deoxidation can be worked as magnitude by large four of force rate manganese, works as magnitude than silicon and large one of carbon deoxidizing capacity.Therefore, in the method for the invention, even the aluminium amount that adds is little, the oxidation in the molten steel is stopped, and can reduce in the solidified steel inclusion that again deoxidation generates.
In addition, in the converter smelting operation, the control endpoint carbon content is not less than 0.10wt%; Adopt the tapping of two pushing off the slag tapping technique, and molten steel is carried out deoxidation alloying and carburetting operation, then utilize slag making materials to carry out slag making.Specifically, the method according to this invention, in the converter smelting operation, feed stock for blast furnace must satisfy the converter process technical requirements: strictly control Intake Quantity, error is less than ± 0.5 ton; In the converter smelting operation process, suitably increase the quantity of slag and strengthen the reaction in furnace condition, strengthen dephosphorization, desulfurization; Adopt the high method of re-blowing of drawing, improve the terminal point hit rate, endpoint carbon content is controlled at more than the 0.10wt%.In addition, slag charge must add in terminal point in front 3 minutes, and omnidistance bitsization are good, change thoroughly, and finishing slag basicity is controlled in 2.8～3.2 the scope.Adopt two pushing off the slag tapping techniques, put the steel time to be not less than 1.5min, control the quantity of slag＜70mm under the converter; Adopt aluminium ferromanganese to carry out deoxidation, the add-on of aluminium ferromanganese is 1.5kg/t
Steel～2.0kg/t
SteelManganese, silicomanganese, VN alloy are carried out alloying in the employing, and alloy is aimed at steel stream impact zone and added, and alloying constituent is by middle limit control; Carburelant adopts forges coal, and carburelant should be aimed at steel stream and evenly add, and adds before tapping 3/4; Tap and dropped into slag-blocking ball at 3/5～4/5 o'clock to guarantee good pushing off the slag effect, guarantee ladle slag thick≤70mm; Ladle adopts the good red-face role's ladle of bottom blowing, storing temperature 〉=800 ℃.
In addition, according to the present invention, add pre-melted slag in the converter tapping process, ton steel add-on is 0.8kg～1.2kg; Tapping adds the top slag after complete, and the top cinder ladle is drawn together lime and fluorite, and a ton steel add-on is respectively the lime of 4kg～5kg, the fluorite of 1kg～1.5kg.According to one embodiment of present invention, the main composition of pre-melted slag is: CaO-SiO
2-Al
2O
3-CaF-MgO can realize in advance slag making, shortens refining time, adjusts slag system, and absorption is mingled with and deoxidation better.
The method according to this invention, in the LF refining procedure, first abundant stirringization slag is made white slag or yellowish-white slag in the refining process, and so-called white slag or yellowish-white slag refer to the color of reductibility refining slag, and general color by the refining slag on the range estimation dross rod is judged.Specifically, in the LF refining procedure, omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring, can according to circumstances suitably heighten pressure early stage, according to viscosity, color and the bubble level of slag, with silicon carbide, the adjustment slag such as take off again, refining accesses behind white slag or the yellowish-white slag according to circumstances disposable benefit and feeds aluminum steel, refining slag should keep white slag or yellowish-white slag before the departures, after the liquid steel temperature composition reaches the cast requirement, and feeding calcium line 100 to 120m/ stoves before departures.Then, adopt little argon pressure soft blow, guarantee inclusion floating, refining soft blow argon 8 to 10 minutes, described refining soft blow argon refers to keep top of the slag fine motion, and argon flow amount is 50-150NL/min.
The method according to this invention in continuous casting working procedure, is used the casting of integral stopper rod bag full guard, can improve Cleanliness of Molten Steel, realizes simultaneously permanent pulling rate cast, improves slab quality.Specifically, in continuous casting working procedure, two cold employings are weak cold, and crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, and the tundish superheating temperature is controlled by 15 ℃～25 ℃, and tundish adopts the low-carbon (LC) alkaline covering agent, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 1～1.5kg/t
Steel, pulling rate is 1.0～1.3m/min.In addition, according to the present invention, the first furnace temperature of tundish is controlled at 1540 ℃～1550 ℃, and even watering heat is controlled at 1530 ℃～1540 ℃, and continuous caster is six machines, six streams.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, casting blank specification is 165mm * 200mm.
The method according to this invention, in rolling process, the soaking temperature of process furnace is 1220 ℃～1255 ℃, start rolling temperature is not less than 1150 ℃, finishing temperature is not higher than 950 ℃, stocking adopts the water-cooled type of cooling of naturally cooling+spray at cold bed, and straightening temperature is less than 100 ℃, thereby obtains channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention.According to one embodiment of present invention, the specification of stocking can be C175 * 66.2 * 16.2 * 25.6 channel-section steels.
In addition, for fear of theme of the present invention is thickened, can omit the detailed description to the known technology/operation that comprises at this.Therefore, in the preparation method of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention, all can adopt prior art in this NM operation.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention and preparation method thereof is described further, yet, the invention is not restricted to this.
Embodiment 1
Adopting following operational path to prepare high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift: molten iron pre-desulfurization → converter smelting → LF refining → square billet full guard continuous casting → 1-3 milling train layout pattern production line is rolling → the check warehouse-in.Concrete processing parameter is referring to mentioned above.
The chemical component weight per-cent of the channel-section steel that is made by embodiment 1 sees Table 1, and the parameter of converter steelmaking process sees Table 2, and the parameter of casting process sees Table 3, and the stocking mechanical property of gained channel-section steel sees Table 4.
The chemical composition of the steel of table 1 embodiment 1 (wt%)
| Project | C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Fe and impurity |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.19 | 0.34 | 1.41 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.08 | Surplus |
The converter steelmaking process parameter of table 2 embodiment 1
The casting process parameter of table 3 embodiment 1
The mechanical property of table 4 embodiment 1 gained stocking
Therefore, the present invention mainly improves the intensity of channel-section steel by microalloying, and microalloying mainly adopts vanadium, does not add other element, and casting process adopts the casting of integral stopper rod bag full guard.Preparation method according to channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention adopts the aluminium manganese-ferro deoxidation, and oxygen level is less than 30ppm in the channel-section steel.Therefore, the channel-section steel that the method according to this invention is produced has good high-strength low-allow steel mechanical property, yield strength average out to 475MPa, tensile strength average out to 632MPa ,-5 ℃ of impact of collision merit Aku
2Average out to 61J, hardness average out to HRB196.
Therefore, with the comparision of production of present hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, the characteristics of technical scheme of the present invention are:
The first, during the converter smelting steel grade, adopt the aluminium manganese-ferro deoxidation, oxygen level is produced the Clean Steel of low oxygen content less than 30ppm in the channel-section steel.
The second, adopt when producing square billet under the integral stopper rod bag full guard protective casting condition, improve Cleanliness of Molten Steel, realize permanent pulling rate, improve slab quality, produce high-strength mechanical manufacturing steel.
The 3rd, only add the trace V alloy, use refined crystalline strengthening and the precipitation strength mechanism of vanadium, and vanadium on hot rolling after the impact of phase-change characteristic minimum, final rolling temperature a wider range does not need controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and need not heat-treat after rolling, finish Composition Design and the production of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, reduce the cost of alloy of production process.
The 4th, yield strength of the present invention is functional, and average out to 475MPa is the highest forklift door frame channel-section steel of present domestic intensity.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above embodiment only is illustrative, and nonrestrictive.Although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift is characterized in that described preparation method comprises the steps:
Molten iron pre-desulfurization, the sulphur content in the control desulfurized molten iron is no more than 0.020wt%;
Converter smelting adopts top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, and in converter steelmaking process, adopts the aluminium manganese-ferro deoxidation, and the oxygen level in the control molten steel is less than 30ppm;
The LF refining, first abundant stirringization slag is made white slag or yellowish-white slag in the refining process;
Continuous casting in casting process, uses the integral stopper rod bag, adopts the casting of square billet full guard;
Rolling, the weight percentage of the chemical composition of the channel steel for mast of forklift of rolling gained is: C0.15%～0.20%, Si0.30%～0.45%, Mn1.30%～1.45%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V0.07%～0.09%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, the add-on that it is characterized in that aluminium ferromanganese is 1.5kg/t
Steel～2.0kg/t
Steel
3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the converter smelting operation, and ladle adopts red-face role's ladle, storing temperature 〉=800 ℃; The control endpoint carbon content is not less than 0.10wt%; Adopt two pushing off the slag tapping techniques, put the steel time to be not less than 1.5min, control the quantity of slag＜70mm under the converter; Manganese, silicomanganese, VN alloy are carried out alloying in the employing, and alloy is aimed at steel stream impact zone and added, and alloying constituent is by middle limit control; Carburelant adopts and forges coal, and the evenly adding of accurate steel stream, adds before tapping 3/4; Tap and dropped into slag-blocking ball at 3/5～4/5 o'clock to guarantee good pushing off the slag effect, guarantee ladle slag thick≤70mm.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the LF refining procedure, and omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring is with silicon carbide or take off again slag is adjusted into white slag or yellowish-white slag; Take disposable benefit to feed aluminum steel, after the liquid steel temperature composition reaches the cast requirement, feeding calcium line 100～120m/ stove before departures.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in continuous casting working procedure, and two cold employings are weak cold, crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, the superheating temperature of tundish is controlled at 15 ℃～25 ℃, and tundish adopts the low-carbon (LC) alkaline covering agent, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 1～1.5kg/t
Steel, pulling rate is 1.0m/min～1.3m/min.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in rolling process, the soaking temperature of process furnace is 1220 ℃～1255 ℃, start rolling temperature is not less than 1150 ℃, finishing temperature is not higher than 950 ℃, stocking adopts naturally cooling+spray the water-cooled type of cooling at cold bed, and straightening temperature is less than 100 ℃.
7. high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that the chemical composition of described high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift is: C0.15%～0.20%, Si0.30%～0.45%, Mn1.30%～1.45%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V0.07%～0.09%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
8. high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift according to claim 7, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that the chemical composition of described high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift is: C0.16%～0.18%, Si0.30%～0.35%, Mn1.35%～1.40%, P≤0.020%, S＜0.010%, V0.075～0.085%, all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
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| CN103866183A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Channel steel used in high-strength forklift gantry and preparation method thereof |
| CN103866186A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Low-temperature-resistant channel steel for forklift mast, and manufacturing method of channel steel |
| CN103938076A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-23 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for producing 500MPa-level door frame steel for forklift |
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| CN104711476A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-06-17 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Channel steel for hot rolling of forklift portal and preparation method of channel steel |
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