CN103053244A - Crop seed coating agent prepared from novel biomass carbon of agricultural wastes and preparation method of coating agent - Google Patents
Crop seed coating agent prepared from novel biomass carbon of agricultural wastes and preparation method of coating agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN103053244A CN103053244A CN2013100157304A CN201310015730A CN103053244A CN 103053244 A CN103053244 A CN 103053244A CN 2013100157304 A CN2013100157304 A CN 2013100157304A CN 201310015730 A CN201310015730 A CN 201310015730A CN 103053244 A CN103053244 A CN 103053244A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crop seed coating agent prepared from novel biomass carbon of agricultural wastes. The crop seed coating agent is characterized by comprising the following components by weight percent: 2.5-12.5% of biomass carbon, 20-60% of a filler, 0.5-1.5% of a binder, and 0.1-1% of a dispersing agent, wherein the binder is 0.5-2% aqueous solution of sodium alginate; the dispersing agent is 0.1-2% ethylene glycol aqueous solution; and the filler is bentonite. The method comprises the steps of pouring the seed into a coating device, spraying the binder and the dispersing agent to wet the seed surface; adding 1/4 to 1/5 of filler to be evenly attached to the seed surface, and repeating for 3-4 times until the enveloping layer is 0.4-0.6mm; adding a mixture of the biomass carbon and residual filler, and rocking the container, so that the enveloped material is evenly adhered to the seed surface, and drying in the shade at a well ventilated place. A pesticide ingredient is not added to the seed coating agent; and the seed coating agent has the same human and animal safety, germination rate, germinative force and growth situation of the crop as a common coating agent, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Crop seed coating agent that utilizes the agricultural wastes preparation and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Seed coating medicine is a kind of for crop or other plant seed pelleting, material with film forming characteristics.Made by pesticide original medicine (insecticide, bactericide etc.), film forming agent, dispersant, antifreezing agent and other preparation processing, can directly or after dilution be coated on the surface of the seed, form the protection preparation with some strength and permeability.
At present, the seed coating medicine of extensive use generally all contains agricultural chemicals on the market, such as Furadan, carbendazim etc., easily causes environmental pollution, also easily causes and person poultry poisoning's phenomenon such as eats by mistake.In recent years, along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, to the raising of the security requirement of food, the research of non-harmful environment-friendly type seed coating medicine more and more comes into one's own.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel biomass charcoal seed coating medicine, do not add farm chemical ingredients, safe and reliable.
To achieve these goals, the present invention by the following technical solutions
A kind of Crop seed coating agent is characterized in that comprising the following component that accounts for seed weight percentage meter: biomass carbon 2.5%-12.5%, filler 20%-60%, adhesive 0.5%-1.5%, dispersant 0.1-1%.
Described biomass carbon, better content is 5%-10%; Adhesive is the sodium alginate aqueous solution of 0.5%-2%, and preferred range is 0.5%-1.5%, and better is 1%; Dispersant is the glycol water of 0.1-1%, is preferably 0.3%; Filler is bentonite, and better content range is 40%-50%, and better is 50%.
A kind of preparation method of Crop seed coating agent, its feature may further comprise the steps being:
(1), seed is poured in the container of inner wall smooth, spray adhesive and dispersant make the surface of the seed moistening;
(2), add the filler of 1/4-1/5, make it evenly adhere to the surface of the seed, so repeat 3-4 time, to coated layer 0.4 mm-0.6mm;
(3), add people's biomass carbon with the residue filler mixture, sway container and make capsulating material adhere to uniformly the surface of the seed, aeration-drying place is dried in the shade.
(4), must guard against under the sun and tan by the sun, prevent that seed from breaking and excess Temperature and seed coating medicine was lost efficacy.The coated seed that dries namely can be used for sowing, also can place week a few days to one, and standing time, long meeting affect seed sprouting.
The biomass carbon that the present invention adopts is by organic waste, such as animal wastes, plant roots and stems, the porous mass of a kind of height carbonization that the process such as wood chip and stalk high temperature pyrolysis processes, because of appearance loose porous, have larger surface area and charge density, this makes it more can sticking moisture and nutritive element than other organic substance in the soil.Have good physical property and nutrient Regulation effect, can significantly promote Seed Germination and growth after being manured into soil, thereby promote crop-producing power.Sodium alginate, a kind of natural polysaccharide, good adhesive can be controlled the seed coating medicine active substance and slowly discharge.
Coating agent for seed of the present invention does not add the compositions such as agricultural chemicals, and to the person poultry safety, and the germination rate of crop, germination vigor and growing state are identical with traditional seed coating medicine, and have obvious economy and environmental benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the seed coating medicine outside drawing; After seed pelleting was described, difficult drop-off was easy to moulding.
Fig. 2 is seed coating medicine result of the test figure; Corresponding embodiment 3: the left side is experimental group, and the right side is control group.As can be seen from the figure experimental group corn root length, ground minister are all than the contrast group leader.
Embodiment
The biomass carbon that the present invention adopts is available from the sharp new forms of energy in Henan three Co., Ltd, and particle diameter is less than 2mm.
Embodiment 1
Novel biomass charcoal seed coating medicine comprises the following component that accounts for seed weight percentage meter: biomass carbon 10%, filler 50%, adhesive 1%, dispersant 0.3%.
Seed is poured in the container, spray sodium alginate aqueous solution (concentration 1%, v/v) and glycol water (concentration 0.3%, v/v) make the surface of the seed moistening, add the bentonite of 1/4-1/5, make it evenly adhere to the surface of the seed, so repeat 3 one 4 times coated bed thickness 0.5mm; Add people's biomass carbon and the mixture that remains inserts, sway container to capsulating material and adhere to equably the surface of the seed, place aeration-drying place and dried in the shade 1-2 hour.
The germination rate of seed, germination vigor are relatively behind embodiment 2 dressings
Experimental group adopts the coated seed of embodiment 1 preparation, and two groups of control groups are set, and is respectively the CK group: adopt full without residual corn seed; And traditional group: adopt the coated seed of fertilizer type seed coating medicine (being in the seed-pelleting process, to add necessary micronutrient element and nitrogen phosphorus potassium macronutrient); 500g in every group of container, pack into through soil air-dry, that pulverized 20 mesh sieves; implant 7 seeds; kept the skin wet every 2 days, remain on about 70% of field capacity.Operate by national seed testing rules regulation, measure germination vigor behind 4 d, measure germination rate behind 10 d.
Table 1
Germination rate (%)=final germinative number/sum * 100%; Germination vigor (Gv)=n/N * 100%, n are the seed number of germinateing alloted days, and N is the seed sum.As can be seen from Table 1: control group (CK group, traditional group) and the germination rate of experimental group (embodiment 1) are 100%, but the germination vigor of experimental group (embodiment 1) capsuled seed is all high than control group, and from cost, environmental protection aspect, experimental group (embodiment 1) more has an economic benefit.
Embodiment 3 is on the impact of corn seedling seedling growth
Experiment is established group, sample, planting conditions with embodiment 2, and indoor cultivated days is 10 days, and investigating index is corn root length, ground minister, weight in wet base, dry weight and chlorophyll.The results are shown in Table 2, Fig. 2:
Table 2
Embodiment 4:
The content of investigating different biomass carbons in the component on dressing after the impact of main performance index of seed, all the other the component consumptions except biomass carbon are: adhesive 1%, dispersant 0.3%, filler 50% the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
As can be seen from Table 3: within 10% scope, the content of biomass carbon on dressing after the not significantly impact of germination rate of seed, and long and overground part has a significant effect to the root of corn seedling.Along with the increase of biomass carbon content, the root of corn seedling is long, overground part also increases thereupon, but when the content of biomass carbon was 12.5%, the germination vigor of seed, germination rate, root length, overground part all decreased.So the content of biomass carbon should be controlled at 2.5%-12.5% in this seed coating medicine, better 5-10%.
Embodiment 5
Investigate different binder concns on dressing after the impact of main performance index of seed: on the basis of example 1 seed coating medicine, other components and content are remained unchanged, only investigate the concentration of different sodium alginates in the component to the impact of seed coating medicine main performance index, the results are shown in Table 4:
Table 4
As can be seen from Table 4: when the concentration of sodium alginate during in 0.5% left and right sides, percentage of seedgermination is best, after this along with sodium alginate concentration increases, germination rate begins to reduce. this be because: the coating membrane that the concentration of sodium alginate forms between 0.5%-1% the time has more good gas permeability, water penetration, guaranteed that seed can obtain sufficient oxygen and moisture when sprouting, for the growth of seed provides good external condition.
Embodiment 6
Dispersant (concentration of ethylene glycol) is on the impact of seed coating medicine main performance index:
On the basis of example 1 seed coating medicine, other components and content are remained unchanged, only investigate the concentration of different ethylene glycol in the component to the impact (with embodiment 5) of seed coating medicine main performance index, the results are shown in Table 5:
Table 5
As can be seen from Table 5: the concentration of ethylene glycol does not significantly affect the germination rate of seed coating medicine, but germination vigor, the expulsion rate of seed coating medicine had a significant effect.When the concentration of ethylene glycol was 0.3%, the potentiality of seed behind the dressing, germination rate all reached 100%, and be higher 14.3 percentage points than potentiality of seed behind the ethylene glycol dressing of other concentration simultaneously.And when the concentration of ethylene glycol reaches 2%, by national seed testing rules regulation: the expulsion rate of seed coating medicine〉1% do not met standard, this is as dispersant because of ethylene glycol, when being added to when a certain amount of, can reduce the viscosity of seed coating medicine, cause the coating membrane of seed not tight, easy leaching loss, effect descends.To sum up tell: concentration the best of ethylene glycol should be 0.3% in this seed coating medicine.
Embodiment 7
Filler (content of bentonite) is on the impact of seed coating medicine main performance index: on the basis of example 1 seed coating medicine, other components and content are remained unchanged, only investigate the content of different bentonite in the component to the impact (with embodiment 5) of seed coating medicine main performance index, the results are shown in Table 6:
Table 6
As can be seen from Table 6: the bentonite of different content is all influential to germination vigor, the germination rate of seed coating medicine.When the content of bentonite is 20%, may because biomass carbon directly touches corn seed, affect the germination rate of seed; And bentonite is when being 60%, may breathe freely when affect seed coating because bentonite is too many, water penetration, provides bad environment to seed germination.
Claims (4)
1. a novel biomass charcoal coating agent for seed that utilizes agricultural wastes to make is characterized in that comprising the following component that accounts for seed weight percentage meter: biomass carbon 2.5%-12.5%, filler 20%-60%, adhesive 0.5%-2.0%, dispersant 0.1%-1%.
2. the novel biomass charcoal coating agent for seed that utilizes agricultural wastes to make according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the following component that accounts for seed weight percentage meter: biomass carbon 5%-10%, filler 40%-50%, adhesive 0.5%-1.5%, dispersant 0.1%-1%.
3. the novel biomass charcoal coating agent for seed that utilizes agricultural wastes to make according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described adhesive is the sodium alginate aqueous solution of 0.5-2%; Dispersant is the glycol water of 0.1-2%; Filler is bentonite.
4. the described preparation method who utilizes the novel biomass charcoal coating agent for seed that agricultural wastes make of claim 3, its feature may further comprise the steps being:
(1), seed is poured in the coating device, spray adhesive and dispersant make the surface of the seed moistening;
(2), add the filler of 1/4-1/5, make it evenly adhere to the surface of the seed, so repeat 3-4 time, to coated layer 0.4 a mm-0.6mm;
(3), add people's biomass carbon with the residue filler mixture, sway container and make capsulating material adhere to uniformly the surface of the seed, aeration-drying place is dried in the shade.
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