CN103052560B - Oil tanker - Google Patents
Oil tanker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103052560B CN103052560B CN201180037807.7A CN201180037807A CN103052560B CN 103052560 B CN103052560 B CN 103052560B CN 201180037807 A CN201180037807 A CN 201180037807A CN 103052560 B CN103052560 B CN 103052560B
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- Prior art keywords
- hull
- tanks
- length direction
- section
- center
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
- B63B11/04—Constructional features of bunkers, e.g. structural fuel tanks, or ballast tanks, e.g. with elastic walls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
- B63B17/0036—Arrangements for minimizing pollution by accidents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/54—Ferries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
In boats and ships, driving engine (13) is carried at the rear portion of hull (11), and form multiple section (A1, A2, A3, B1 in the inner utilization next door of hull (11) ... D3, E1, E2, E3), configure tanks (14) at the section (B2, C2) of the central portion of the length direction of hull (11) and accumulate LNG, by other section (A1, A2, A3, B1, B3, C1, C3, D1 ... E3) accumulate crude oil as goods tank, the lightweight of hull can be realized thus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil tanker, passenger steamer, ferryboat, box ship, RO-RO ship (Roll-on/Roll-offShip: roll-on-roll-off ship), general boats and ships as PCC (PureCarCarrier), the PCTC (PureCar/TruckCarrier: automobile lorry special purpose ship) etc. of pure car carrier.
Background technology
Such as, oil tanker marks off multiple goods tank, can accumulate crude oil etc. in inside.Further, rearward end carry driving engine, and around this driving engine lift-launch tanks, accumulate the heavy oil etc. as fuel.
As the configuration structure of this tanks, there is the situation that following patent documentation 1,2 is recorded.The situation that this patent documentation 1 is recorded is, next door, side is provided with in the upper can of side being arranged at cabin, this next door, side will be divided into the inner pot of the outer pot being positioned at ship hull plate side and the central side being positioned at hull in this upper can, and inner pot is provided with tanks.The situation that patent documentation 2 is recorded is, in the upper can that compartment is arranged, be configured with tanks.
[at first technical literature]
[patent documentation]
[patent documentation 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-248257 publication
[patent documentation 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-248455 publication
Summary of the invention
In above-mentioned oil tanker in the past, in the tanks that rearward end configures driving engine and accumulates as the heavy oil of fuel, accumulate multiple goods tanks of crude oil in the configuration of its front.Therefore, under fully loaded former oil condition, the stress that the central portion of the length direction (fore-and-aft direction) of hull can be out of shape downwards.Consequently, in order to meet the longitudinal strength of the hull determined by classification society's rule, international rule and strengthen the maximization of hull construction and needs Hull Strength component, therefore can cause that the weight of hull increases, complicated, the high cost of structure.It should be noted that, in above-mentioned each patent documentation, although near central authorities tanks being configured in hull, but because the fuel of filling in this tanks is heavy oil, therefore lightweight cannot be realized, and the stress that the central portion of hull can be out of shape downwards, must hull construction be strengthened.
The present invention, for solving above-mentioned problem, its object is to provide a kind of weight-saving boats and ships that can realize hull.
Feature for the boats and ships of the present invention realizing above-mentioned object is to possess: the driving engine being equipped on hull; Be equipped on hull and the tanks of the LNG as the fuel for driving described driving engine can be accumulated; And at the load-carrying section that hull is formed, described tanks is configured in from the center of the total length of described hull to the scope of 35% of the hull total length of length direction front side or from described center to the scope of 30% of length direction rear side.
Therefore, the tanks of accumulating relative to load-carrying the LNG being light weight is configured near the center of the length direction of hull, the lightweight of the central portion of the length direction of hull can be realized thus, this central portion can be made not to be vulnerable to the stress be out of shape downwards, the maximization of hull construction can be suppressed, thus the lightweight of hull can be realized.
In boats and ships of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described tanks arranges one or more, and tanks described at least one is configured in described scope.
Therefore, consider the weight balancing of length direction and the easy usage degree of tanks of hull, can by the configuration of this tanks in position.
In boats and ships of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described tanks is configured in the center of the Width of described hull.
Therefore, configuration load-carrying section around tanks, thus the breakage that can prevent tanks when colliding.
In boats and ships of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described tanks is configured in the symmetric position of the both sides of the Width of described hull.
Therefore, central portion is not vulnerable to the stress be out of shape downwards, can suppress the maximization of hull construction, can realize the lightweight of hull thus.
In boats and ships of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described tanks configures in the mode of its length direction along the length direction of described hull, and described multiple tanks is along the length direction arranged in series of described hull.
Therefore, it is possible to effectively configure multiple tanks, thus realize effective utilization in space in ship.
In boats and ships of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described load-carrying section is the section of more than 3 of the length direction arranged in series along described hull, and tanks described at least one is configured in the described section except the described section of position, forefront and the described section of rearmost position.
Therefore, by tanks being configured in the position except position, forefront and rearmost position, the lightweight of the central portion of the length direction of hull can being realized and effectively suppress the generation of the stress be out of shape downwards.
[invention effect]
According to boats and ships of the present invention, owing to accumulating the tanks of LNG and be configured in the near center location of the length direction of hull, therefore the central portion of the length direction of hull will be difficult to the stress that is out of shape downwards, thus can realize the lightweight of hull.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of the boats and ships representing embodiments of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the birds-eye view of the boats and ships representing embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the skeleton diagram of the III-III section representing Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the lateral plan of the boats and ships representing embodiments of the invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the birds-eye view of the boats and ships representing embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the skeleton diagram of the VI-VI section representing Fig. 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of boats and ships of the present invention is described in detail.It should be noted that, be not limit the present invention by the present embodiment, and, when embodiment is multiple, also comprise situation about each embodiment combination being formed.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of the boats and ships representing embodiments of the invention 1, and Fig. 2 is the birds-eye view of the boats and ships representing embodiment 1, and Fig. 3 is the skeleton diagram of the III-III section representing Fig. 1.
The boats and ships of embodiment 1 are oil tankers, and as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, hull 11 marks off engine room 12 at rear portion, are equipped with driving engine 13 at this engine room 12.And the scope except engine room 12 of hull 11 utilizes next door to form multiple load-carrying section.That is, hull 11 alongst marks off 5 regions A, B, C, D, E from front portion, and marks off 3 regions 1,2,3 along Width.Therefore, hull 11 forms multiple section A1, A2, A3, B1 ... D3, E1, E2, E3.
Further, hull 11 configures 2 tanks 14 respectively at section B2, C2, namely amounts to configuration 4 tanks 14, except section A1, A2, A3, B1, B3, C1, C3, D1 except this section B2, C2 ... E3 becomes goods tank.This each tanks 14 can accumulate the LNG (LiquefiedNaturalGas: liquefied natural gas) as the fuel for driving driving engine 13, links with driving engine 13 via not shown fuel supplying tubing.On the other hand, goods tank (section) A1, A2, A3, B1, B3, C1, C3, D1 ... E3 can accumulate crude oil.
In this case, tanks 14 be configured in 35% of total length from from the center O1 of the total length (length direction) of hull 11 to the hull 11 of length direction front side scope or from center O1 to the scope of 30% of length direction rear side.That is, tanks 14 be configured in from the center O1 of the length direction (fore-and-aft direction) of hull 11 forwards the hull 11 of side total length 35% position and from center O1 rearward 30% position between.It should be noted that, tanks 14 be preferably configured in from the center O1 of the length direction of hull 11 forwards the hull 11 of side total length 30% scope or from center O1 rearward 20% scope.Specifically, tanks 14 is provided with multiple (being 4 in the present embodiment), and at least one tanks 14 is configured in above-mentioned scope.In the present embodiment, load-carrying section is divided into 5 regions A, B, C, D, the E of the length direction arranged in series along hull 11, and tanks 14 is configured in any one region in region B, C, the D except the region A of position, forefront and the region E of rearmost position.
In addition, tanks 14 is configured in the center O2 of the Width of hull 11.Further, this tanks 14 is formed as the drum of the front and back obturation of length direction, and the length direction of this tanks 14 configures along the length direction of hull 11, and 4 tanks 14 are along the length direction arranged in series of hull 11.
It should be noted that, hull 11 is at outside wall surface and bottom surface and each section A1, A2, A3, B1 ... ballast tank 15 is provided with between D3, E1, E2, E3.And section B2, C2 are divided into two parts up and down, the section configuration tanks 14 on top, the section of bottom becomes goods tank.
So in the boats and ships of embodiment 1, driving engine 13 is carried at the rear portion of hull 11, and form multiple section A1, A2, A3, B1 in the inner utilization next door of hull 11 ... D3, E1, E2, E3, configure tanks 14 at section B2, C2 of the central portion of the length direction (fore-and-aft direction) of hull 11 and accumulate LNG, by other section A1, A2, A3, B1, B3, C1, C3, D1 ... E3 accumulates crude oil as goods tank.
Therefore, relative to goods tank (section) A1, A2, A3, B1, B3, C1, C3, D1 of accumulating crude oil ... E3, the tanks 14 of the LNG accumulating light weight is configured in section B2, C2 of the central portion of the length direction of hull 11, thus, the lightweight of the central portion of the length direction of hull 11 becomes possibility, and this central portion is not vulnerable to the stress be out of shape downwards.Consequently, hull 11 can guarantee sufficient longitudinal strength, can suppress the maximization of hull construction, can realize the lightweight of hull 11, the simplification of structure, cost degradation thus.
In addition, in the boats and ships of embodiment 1, tanks 14 arranges multiple, and at least one is configured in the central portion of the length direction of hull 11.Therefore, with goods tank (section) A1, A2, A3, B1, B3, C1, C3, D1 of accumulating crude oil ... E3 compares, the tanks 14 of accumulating the LNG of light weight is configured in the central portion of hull 11, can guarantee the suitable weight balancing of the length direction of hull 11 thus.In this case, also can consider the easy usage degree of tanks 14, and 1 tanks is configured near driving engine 13.
In addition, in the boats and ships of embodiment 1, tanks 14 is configured in the center of the Width of hull 11.Therefore, configuration goods tank (section) A1, A2, A3, B1, B3, C1, C3, D1 around tanks 14 ... E3, can prevent the breakage of the tanks 14 when colliding.
In addition, in the boats and ships of embodiment 1, tanks 14 configures along the mode of the length direction of hull 11 to make its length direction, and multiple tanks 14 is along the length direction arranged in series of hull 11.Therefore, it is possible to effectively configure multiple tanks 14, effective utilization in space in ship can be realized.
In addition, in the boats and ships of embodiment 1, by 5 sections A, B, C, D, E being divided internally into alongst arranged in series of hull 11, tanks 14 is configured in section B, C, D except the section A of position, forefront and the section E of rearmost position.Therefore, it is possible to the lightweight realizing the central portion of the length direction of hull 11 also suppresses the generation of the stress be out of shape effectively downwards.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 4 is the lateral plan of the boats and ships representing embodiments of the invention 2, and Fig. 5 is the birds-eye view of the boats and ships representing embodiment 2, and Fig. 6 is the skeleton diagram of the VI-VI section representing Fig. 4.It should be noted that, for the component with the function same with the above embodiments, mark same mark and omit detailed description.
In the boats and ships of embodiment 2, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, hull 11 marks off engine room 12 at rear portion, and is equipped with driving engine 13.And hull 11 utilizes next door and forms multiple section A1, A2, A3, B1 ... D3, E1, E2, E3.
Further, hull 11 configures 2 tanks 14 respectively at section C1, C3, namely amounts to configuration 4 tanks 14, except section A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C2, D1 except this section C1, C2 ... E3 becomes goods tank.This each tanks 14 can accumulate the LNG as the fuel for driving driving engine 13.On the other hand, goods tank (section) A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C2, D1 ... E3 can accumulate crude oil.
In this case, tanks 14 be configured in 35% of total length from from the center O1 of the total length (length direction) of hull 11 to the hull 11 of length direction front side scope or from center O1 to the scope of 30% of length direction rear side.Specifically, tanks 14 is provided with multiple (being 4 in the present embodiment), and at least one tanks 14 is configured in above-mentioned scope.In the present embodiment, load-carrying section is divided into 5 regions A, B, C, D, the E of the length direction arranged in series along hull 11, and tanks 14 is configured in any one region in region B, C, the D except the region A of position, forefront and the region E of rearmost position.
In addition, tanks 14 relative to the Width of hull 11 center O2 and be configured in the symmetric position of its both sides.Further, this tanks 14 is formed as the drum of the front and back obturation of length direction, and in each C1, C3, the length direction of tanks 14 configures along the length direction of hull 11, and each 2 tanks 14 are along the length direction arranged in series of hull 11.
So, in the boats and ships of embodiment 2, driving engine 13 is carried at the rear portion of hull 11, and utilize next door that the inside of hull 11 is formed multiple section A1, A2, A3, B1 ... D3, E1, E2, E3, configure tanks 14 at section C1, C3 of the central portion of the length direction (fore-and-aft direction) of hull 11 and accumulate LNG, by other section A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C2, D1 ... E3 accumulates crude oil as goods tank.
Therefore, relative to goods tank (section) A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C2, D1 of accumulating crude oil ... E3, the tanks 14 of accumulating the LNG of light weight is configured in section C1, C3 of the central part of the length direction of hull 11, can realize the lightweight of the central portion of the length direction of hull 11 thus, this central portion is not vulnerable to the stress be out of shape downwards.Consequently, hull 11 can guarantee sufficient longitudinal strength, can suppress the maximization of hull construction, can realize the lightweight of hull 11, the simplification of structure, cost degradation thus.
In addition, in the boats and ships of embodiment 2, tanks 14 relative to the Width of hull 11 center O2 and be configured in the symmetric position of its both sides.
It should be noted that, in above-mentioned each embodiment, the inside of hull 11 is divided into 5 parts along fore-and-aft direction, is divided into 3 parts along left and right directions, is divided into 2 parts along above-below direction, but this dividing method is not defined in embodiment.And the present invention is the situation that at least 1 tanks is configured in the region of central portion, also can be that in multiple tanks one is configured in the region of central portion and other tanks is configured in beyond the region of central portion.In this case, when tanks is one, this tanks is configured in the region of central portion.
In addition, in the present invention, tanks 14 is configured in 35% of the hull total length from the center O1 of the total length of hull 11 to length direction front side scope or from this center O1 to the scope of 30% of length direction rear side, be not defined as the situation by being divided into multiple section in ship.Therefore, the kind of boats and ships is also not limited to oil tanker, also goes for passenger steamer, ferryboat, box ship, RO-RO ship, pure car carrier etc.
In addition, in above-mentioned each embodiment, tanks 14 is configured in the mode of its length direction along the length direction of hull 11, and by the length direction arranged in series of multiple tanks 14 along hull 11, but be not defined as this structure.Such as, also tanks 14 can be configured in the mode of its length direction along the vertical, Width etc. of hull 11, be not limited to and the length direction of multiple tanks 14 along hull 11 is configured, also can along the configuration such as vertical, Width.And the shape of tanks 14 is also not limited to drum, also can be square tube shape, square configuration, spherical form etc., as long as suitably set according to hull shape etc.
In addition, in above-mentioned each embodiment, carry driving engine 13 at the rear portion of hull 11, but also can carry driving engine at the central portion of the length direction of hull 11 and configure tanks around it.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention by the tanks of LNG being configured in the scope of the central portion of the length direction of hull in boats and ships, thus can realize the lightweight of hull, can be applicable to any one boats and ships.
[label declaration]
11 hulls
13 driving engines
14 tanks
A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, D1, D2, D3, E1, E2, E3 section
Claims (6)
1. an oil tanker, is characterized in that,
Possess:
Be equipped on the driving engine of hull;
Be equipped on hull and the tanks of the LNG as the fuel for driving described driving engine can be accumulated; And
At the load-carrying section that hull is formed,
Described tanks is configured in from the center of the total length of described hull to the scope of 35% of the hull total length of length direction front side or from described center to the scope of 30% of length direction rear side,
Described tanks is formed as drum, and the length direction of described tanks configures along the length direction of described hull.
2. an oil tanker, is characterized in that,
Possess:
Be equipped on the driving engine of hull;
Be equipped on hull and the tanks of the LNG as the fuel for driving described driving engine can be accumulated; And
At the load-carrying section that hull is formed,
Described tanks arranges one or more, tanks described at least one is configured in from the center of the total length of described hull to the scope of 35% of the hull total length of length direction front side or from described center to the scope of 30% of length direction rear side
Described tanks is formed as drum, and the length direction of described tanks configures along the length direction of described hull.
3. oil tanker according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described tanks is configured in the center of the Width of described hull.
4. oil tanker according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described tanks is configured in the symmetric position of the both sides of the Width of described hull.
5. oil tanker according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Multiple described tanks is along the length direction arranged in series of described hull.
6. oil tanker according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described load-carrying section is the section of more than 3 of the length direction arranged in series along described hull, and tanks described at least one is configured in the described section except the described section of position, forefront and the described section of rearmost position.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2010-272432 | 2010-12-07 | ||
JP2010272432A JP6143407B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2010-12-07 | Ship |
PCT/JP2011/077398 WO2012077524A1 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2011-11-28 | Ship |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN103052560A CN103052560A (en) | 2013-04-17 |
CN103052560B true CN103052560B (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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ID=46207015
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN201180037807.7A Active CN103052560B (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2011-11-28 | Oil tanker |
Country Status (4)
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JP (1) | JP6143407B2 (en) |
KR (2) | KR101659676B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103052560B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012077524A1 (en) |
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KR101956600B1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2019-03-11 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Optimized Arrangement of Heeling Tanks for Ro-Pax Ship |
WO2014122937A1 (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-14 | ソニー株式会社 | Organic electroluminescence element |
JP6174475B2 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2017-08-02 | 三井造船株式会社 | Ship-shaped structure |
DK3095685T3 (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2019-01-07 | Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine | Device and method for supplying fuel gas to a ship |
JP6002813B1 (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2016-10-05 | 株式会社大島造船所 | Ship |
FI126423B (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2016-11-30 | Rolls-Royce Marine As | Marine surface craft |
JP6962679B2 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2021-11-05 | 三井E&S造船株式会社 | Liquefied gas fuel ship |
KR102658220B1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2024-04-16 | 한화오션 주식회사 | Optimized layout of Fuel tank in Ultra Large Container Ship |
JP6654587B2 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2020-02-26 | ジャパンマリンユナイテッド株式会社 | Vehicle carrier |
JP6917159B2 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2021-08-11 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Ship |
JP2018138418A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-06 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Ship |
SG11201907952RA (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-10-30 | Exxonmobil Upstream Res Co | Ship/floating storage unit with dual cryogenic cargo tank for lng and liquid nitrogen |
JP7078204B2 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2022-05-31 | 三井E&S造船株式会社 | Liquefied gas fuel ship |
WO2024025067A1 (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-01 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Decontamination system and decontamination method using gas hydrate |
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- 2011-11-28 CN CN201180037807.7A patent/CN103052560B/en active Active
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- 2011-11-28 KR KR1020127032758A patent/KR20130018333A/en active Application Filing
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CN101472791A (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2009-07-01 | 瓦特西拉芬兰有限公司 | A marine vessel |
CN101479150A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2009-07-08 | 瓦特西拉芬兰有限公司 | Fuel system for gas driven vessel |
Also Published As
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KR20140142313A (en) | 2014-12-11 |
KR20130018333A (en) | 2013-02-20 |
WO2012077524A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
JP6143407B2 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
KR101659676B1 (en) | 2016-09-26 |
JP2012121401A (en) | 2012-06-28 |
CN103052560A (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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Effective date of registration: 20181105 Address after: Kanagawa Patentee after: MITSUBISHI Shipbuilding Corporation Address before: Tokyo, Japan, Japan Patentee before: Mit-subishi Heavy Industries Ltd. |
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