CN103039539B - Compound preparation for resisting melon vegetables plant virus disease, as well as preparation method and application of compound preparation - Google Patents
Compound preparation for resisting melon vegetables plant virus disease, as well as preparation method and application of compound preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103039539B CN103039539B CN201210525942.2A CN201210525942A CN103039539B CN 103039539 B CN103039539 B CN 103039539B CN 201210525942 A CN201210525942 A CN 201210525942A CN 103039539 B CN103039539 B CN 103039539B
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Abstract
The invention provides a compound preparation for resisting melon vegetables plant virus disease, as well as a preparation method and an application of the compound preparation. The preparation comprises 40-90% by weight of effective constituent consisting of plant extract and chemical pesticide, and the balance being agricultural pharmacology permitted and acceptable general auxiliary materials, wherein the effective constituent consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 5-50% of pastel extract, 5-50% of garlic extract, 2-40% of albizzia julibrissin extract, 0.01-10% of imidacloprid and 0.01-5% of antitoxic Feng. The compound preparation provided by the invention can resist melon vegetables plant virus diseases, consists of plant extract including agricultural wastes and pesticide mixture, is high in efficiency, low in residue and low in production cost, and is capable greatly reducing the usage amount of chemical pesticides.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anti-plant virus agent of technical field of pesticide, concrete relate to a kind of preparation and application for the plant extracts of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant and a kind of compound of agriculture chemical compounding.
Background technology
The viroses of plant are the important diseases of a class that harm the crops, because of the title that its harm is great, control difficulty has plant cancer.Bring about great losses to agricultural, the loss of the annual crops in the whole world is up to multi-million dollar throughout the year.In recent years, the viroses of plant endanger seriously day by day, especially to economic crops.Picture is as gourd, fruit and vegetable class plant and flowers etc. such as pumpkin, custard squash, fragrant sponge gourds.Gourd vegetables plant can present more typical virus disease symptom after dying and having virus disease, there is shrinkage, deformity in various degree in incidence of leaf, blade variable color, produce floral leaf, spot, arteries and veins band and yellow, and on blade, also present necrotic plaque and arteries and veins necrosis, often occur downright bad bar on the surface of stem and root, in addition, sugar-preserved gourd presents dark green and light green alternate pattern, surface irregularity, sugar-preserved gourd deformity.Gourd vegetables planting base-Qingpu District that picture is as main in Shanghai, plant and be implanted with the gourd vegetables such as a large amount of fragrant sponge gourd, pumpkin and custard squash, cultivated area is up to 550 mu, and within 2010, serious virus disease occurs in this planting base, causes a large amount of gourd vegetables leaf-shrinkages, melon and fruit deformity, in addition, this viroid disease spread speed is very fast, and the incidence of disease is almost up to 100%, greatly reduce like this Quality and yield of gourd vegetables, make to plant peasant household and suffer tremendous economic loss.
In order effectively to control the gourd vegetables viroses of plant; researchers have adopted various prophylactico-therapeutic measuress as shift of crops, breeding for disease resistance, prevention and control biography virus mediator, attenuated strain cross protection etc.; also carry out the development of chemical agent and natural, synthetic anti-gourd vegetables plant virus agent; but up to the present; the medicament kind that is applied to gourd vegetables phytopathy murder by poisoning control is also few; mainly morpholine biguanidine hydrochloride, crystal aerugo, octicin solution and mixed agent thereof; and effect is all undesirable, and dosage and cost constantly increase.In addition, chemical pesticide uses the problems such as caused a series of environment to cause people's great attention in a large number, for this reason, develops a kind of novel gourd vegetables Control of Plant Virus Disease medicament combination and seems very urgent.Wherein, from plant, find the material with antiviral activity, become an important channel of current novel anti-gourd vegetables plant virus agent initiative.In addition, arbitrarily abandoning of current a large amount of agricultural wastes, not only cause the idle and waste of ample resources, but also caused certain burden to environment, therefore, the present invention utilize agricultural wastes and chemical pesticide composite, in guaranteeing drug effect, greatly reduce the use of chemical pesticide, and realized recycling of agriculture waste resource, fully idle resource is brought into play to its due society and economy and be worth, realized agriculture sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
For prior art above shortcomings, the object of the invention is to provide the compound preparation and preparation and the application that include agricultural wastes and have at interior plant extracts and agriculture chemical compounding the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant that a kind of efficient, low-residual, production cost are low, can greatly reduce chemical pesticide usage amount.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant is provided, be active ingredient (40%～90%) by plant extracts and chemical pesticide, all the other are in agricultural chemicals, to allow to use and the conventional auxiliary material of acceptable (10%～60%) composition, and the weight percentage of described active ingredient component and shared active ingredient total amount is: the blue extract 5～50% of Song, garlic P.E 5～50%, albizzia julibrissin extract 2～40%, Imidacloprid 0.01～10%, antitoxin rich 0.01～5%.
Described Song indigo plant (Isatis tinctoria L.) is taken from the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture.The blue extract of described Song is after blue Song oven dry, to clay into power, then through lixiviate, filters, and reduced pressure concentration obtains.
Described garlic (Allium sativum L.) is taken from garlic and prunes or gather in the crops rear discarded stem, leaf; Described garlic P.E is to clay into power after garlic is dried, then through lixiviate, filters, and reduced pressure concentration obtains.
Described silk tree (Albizia julibrissin D.) is taken from discarded branch, leaf or the root that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off; Described albizzia julibrissin extract is to clay into power after silk tree is dried, then through lixiviate, filters, and reduced pressure concentration obtains.
Described Imidacloprid and the antitoxin rich commercial product that is.Wherein Imidacloprid generalization formal name used at school is called 1-(6-chloropyridine-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine, antitoxin rich be 0.5% mushroom derived protein amylase.
Described conventional auxiliary material, refers to solubilizer (tween, polyethylene glycol, neopelex, Potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate etc.), emulsifier (odium stearate, lauryl sodium sulfate, APEO etc.) and/or suspending agent, synergist (Tea Saponin etc.), the bleeding agent (emulsifier BP etc.) etc. that can promote extract to dissolve or suspend.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the preparation method of the compound preparation of the above-mentioned anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant is provided, be specially: respectively by blue Song stem, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, flower or its mixture, after oven dry, clay into power, using ethanolic solution as extraction solvent, lixiviate, filter, filtrate adopts the method for reduced pressure concentration to obtain respectively medicinal extract, and then add Imidacloprid and antitoxin rich, finally add conventional auxiliary material, make the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of the present invention.
Preferably, described oven dry refers to: at 30-50 DEG C, dry.
Preferably, described powder refers to: 20-40 object particulate powder.
Preferably, described ethanol refers to ethanolic solution or the absolute ethyl alcohol of 10%-95%v/v, and the 10-20 that its consumption is powder quality doubly.
Preferably, described lixiviate, its time is 1-7 days.
Preferably, described reduced pressure concentration refers to: the crude extract obtaining after lixiviate is vacuumized to decompression to-0.1 atmospheric pressure and is placed in water-bath at 30-80 DEG C, make crude extract simmer down to medicinal extract.
According to a further aspect of the invention, provide the application of the compound preparation of the above-mentioned anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant, refer to: under stirring at normal temperature, water is added in compound preparation, its active ingredient that is diluted to preparation is accounted for after the concentration of 0.5-5wt% and spray and use.
The compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of the present invention can be applied in the virus disease of the fragrant sponge gourd of control, pumpkin, custard squash etc. gourd vegetables plant.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) between the primary raw material of composition product of the present invention, synergy on the one hand can strengthen Antiphytoviral effect, and the pesticide resistance that can delay medicament due to the acting in conjunction of the active ingredient of the different mechanisms of action on the other hand produces; In addition can also greatly reduce, the use of chemical pesticide.
(2) raw material be easy to get, process simple, low for equipment requirements, be extremely beneficial to suitability for industrialized production, and solvent after reclaiming also can reuse.Three Plants raw materials have plantation in the most of place of China, and garlic of the present invention and silk tree all belong to agricultural wastes, and therefore, the present invention has realized the recycling of resource, has avoided secondary pollution, is conducive to agriculture sustainable development.
(3) the main active ingredient of the compound preparation of these anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant derives from natural plant extracts; be easy under field conditions (factors) decompose; to environment and ecosystem safety around; compared with single chemical pesticide; pollution to environment reduces greatly, and for preserving the ecological environment, tool has certain effect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit in any form the present invention.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Colonize in fragrant sponge gourd with antivirotic control of the present invention, pumpkin, virus disease on custard squash plant is example, illustrate that the present invention prevents and treats the effect of the gourd vegetables viroses of plant, in following examples, conventional auxiliary material is taking tween as example, should be understood that, conventional auxiliary material can adopt other can promote the solubilizer (tween that extract dissolves or suspends equally, polyethylene glycol, neopelex, Potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate etc.), emulsifier (odium stearate, lauryl sodium sulfate, APEO etc.) and/or suspending agent, synergist (Tea Saponin etc.), bleeding agent (emulsifier BP etc.) etc.Imidacloprid and antitoxin rich purchase in Sapporo town, Shanghai City Agricultural Materials Company.Other unaccounted conditions operate according to general common technology.
Embodiment 1
The compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant that active ingredient 80% and conventional auxiliary material 20% form
By blue Song stem, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic is pruned or results after discarded stem, leaf, discarded branch, leaf, flower or its mixture that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, clay into power after oven dry at 30-50 DEG C.Take respectively the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, the each 200g of powder (20 order particle) of flower, flood 2d in room temperature with 95% ethanolic solution 500ml, filter, the filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent of getting three Plants obtains extracting medicinal extract, then mix these three kinds and extract medicinal extract (wherein, the blue medicinal extract that extracts of Song accounts for active ingredient total amount 14.95%, garlic 40%, silk tree 40%), after add active ingredient total amount 0.05% Imidacloprid and 5.0% antitoxin rich, and then add weight to account for the tween of whole antivirus compound formulation 20%, stir according to common process, it is mixed, make the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant.And then dilute with water, being mixed with active ingredient concentration is the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of 2wt%.This compound preparation is carried out to field control effectiveness test to fragrant sponge gourd virus disease.The fragrant sponge gourd virus disease initial stage of origination in field, by the medicament preparing, foliar spray, statistical results after 7 days, preventive effect reaches 60.4%.
Embodiment 2
The compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant that active ingredient 70% and conventional auxiliary material 30% form
Take respectively the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, the each 200g of powder (20 order particle) of flower, flood 4d in room temperature with 10% ethanolic solution 1000ml, filter, the filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent of getting three Plants obtains extracting medicinal extract, then mix these three kinds and extract medicinal extract (wherein, the blue medicinal extract that extracts of Song accounts for active ingredient total amount 35%, garlic 24.94%, silk tree 40%), after add active ingredient total amount 0.01% Imidacloprid and 0.05% antitoxin rich, and then add weight to account for the tween of whole antivirus compound formulation 30%, stir according to common process, it is mixed, make the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant.And then dilute with water, being mixed with active ingredient concentration is the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of 1wt%.This compound preparation is carried out to field control effectiveness test to squash virus.At field squash virus initial stage of origination, by the medicament preparing, foliar spray, statistical results after 7 days, preventive effect reaches 51.2%.
Embodiment 3
The compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant that active ingredient 90% and conventional auxiliary material 10% form
Take respectively the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, the each 300g of powder (20 order particle) of flower, flood 3d in room temperature with 50% ethanolic solution 1500ml, filter, the filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent of getting three Plants obtains extracting medicinal extract, then mix these three kinds and extract medicinal extract (wherein, the blue medicinal extract that extracts of Song accounts for active ingredient total amount 25%, garlic 35%, silk tree 34.95%), after add active ingredient total amount 5.0% Imidacloprid and 0.05% antitoxin rich, and then add weight to account for the tween of whole antivirus compound formulation 10%, stir according to common process, it is mixed, make the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant.And then dilute with water, being mixed with active ingredient concentration is the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of 5wt%.This compound preparation is carried out to field control effectiveness test to Summer squash virus.At field Summer squash virus initial stage of origination, by the medicament preparing, foliar spray, statistical results after 7 days, preventive effect reaches 72.9%.
Embodiment 4
The anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant compound preparation that active ingredient 40% and conventional auxiliary material 60% form
Take respectively the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, the each 200g of powder (20 order particle) of flower, flood 3d in room temperature with 60% ethanolic solution 2000ml, filter, the filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent of getting three Plants obtains extracting medicinal extract, then mix these three kinds and extract medicinal extract (wherein, the blue medicinal extract that extracts of Song accounts for active ingredient total amount 5%, garlic 50%, silk tree 34.95%), after add active ingredient total amount 10.0% Imidacloprid and 0.05% antitoxin rich, and then add weight to account for the tween of whole antivirus compound formulation 60%, stir according to common process, it is mixed, make the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant.And then dilute with water, being mixed with active ingredient concentration is the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of 5wt%.This compound preparation is carried out to field control effectiveness test to fragrant sponge gourd virus disease.The fragrant sponge gourd virus disease initial stage of origination in field, by the medicament preparing, foliar spray, statistical results after 7 days, preventive effect reaches 60.3%.
Embodiment 5
The anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant compound preparation that active ingredient 50% and conventional auxiliary material 50% form
Take respectively the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, the each 300g of powder (30 order particle) of flower, flood 7d in room temperature with 90% ethanolic solution 2000ml, filter, the filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent of getting three Plants obtains extracting medicinal extract, then mix these three kinds and extract medicinal extract (wherein, the blue medicinal extract that extracts of Song accounts for active ingredient total amount 50%, garlic 5%, silk tree 39%), after add active ingredient total amount 5.0% Imidacloprid and 1.0% antitoxin rich, and then add weight to account for the tween of whole antivirus compound formulation 50%, stir according to common process, it is mixed, make the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant.And then dilute with water, being mixed with active ingredient concentration is the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of 5wt%.This compound preparation is carried out to field control effectiveness test to squash virus.At field squash virus initial stage of origination, by the medicament preparing, foliar spray, statistical results after 7 days, preventive effect reaches 69.8%.
Embodiment 6
The anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant compound preparation that active ingredient 60% and conventional auxiliary material 40% form
Take respectively the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, the each 300g of powder (30 order particle) of flower, flood 3d in room temperature with 10% ethanolic solution 2000ml, filter, the filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent of getting three Plants obtains extracting medicinal extract, then mix these three kinds and extract medicinal extract (wherein, the blue medicinal extract that extracts of Song accounts for active ingredient total amount 25%, garlic 50%, silk tree 19%), after add active ingredient total amount 3.0% Imidacloprid and 3.0% antitoxin rich, and then add weight to account for the tween of whole antivirus compound formulation 40%, stir according to common process, it is mixed, make the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant.And then dilute with water, being mixed with active ingredient concentration is the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant of 0.5wt%.This compound preparation is carried out to field control effectiveness test to Summer squash virus.At field Summer squash virus initial stage of origination, by the medicament preparing, foliar spray, statistical results after 7 days, preventive effect reaches 50.4%.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementations, and those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the compound preparation of anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant, it is characterized in that described preparation is active ingredient by plant extracts and chemical pesticide, described active ingredient weight content is 40%～90%, and all the other are in agricultural chemicals, to allow to use and acceptable conventional auxiliary material composition;
The weight percentage of the component of described active ingredient and shared active ingredient total amount is: the blue extract 5～50% of Song, garlic P.E 5～50%, albizzia julibrissin extract 2～40%, Imidacloprid 0.01～10%, antitoxin rich 0.01～5%; Wherein:
Described Song indigo plant (Isatis tinctoria L.) is taken from the blue stem of Song, leaf, flower or its mixture; The blue extract of described Song is after blue Song oven dry, to clay into power, then through lixiviate, filters, and reduced pressure concentration obtains;
Described garlic (Allium sativum L.) is taken from garlic and prunes or gather in the crops rear discarded stem, leaf; Described garlic P.E is to clay into power after garlic is dried, then through lixiviate, filters, and reduced pressure concentration obtains;
Described silk tree (Albizia julibrissin D.) is taken from discarded branch, leaf or the root that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off; Described albizzia julibrissin extract is to clay into power after silk tree is dried, then through lixiviate, filters, and reduced pressure concentration obtains;
Described lixiviate, refers to using ethanolic solution as extraction solvent, room temperature lixiviate 1-7 days; Described ethanol refers to ethanolic solution or the absolute ethyl alcohol of 10%-95%v/v, and the 10-20 that its consumption is powder quality doubly;
Described reduced pressure concentration refers to: the crude extract obtaining after lixiviate is vacuumized to decompression to-0.1 atmospheric pressure and is placed in water-bath at 30-80 DEG C, make crude extract simmer down to medicinal extract;
Described conventional auxiliary material refers in solubilizer, emulsifier, suspending agent, synergist or the bleeding agent that can promote extract to dissolve or to suspend one or more, wherein: described solubilizer is a kind of in tween, polyethylene glycol, neopelex or Potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; Described emulsifier is a kind of in odium stearate, lauryl sodium sulfate or APEO; Described synergist is Tea Saponin; Described bleeding agent is emulsifier BP.
2. the preparation method of the compound preparation of anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method is by respectively by blue Song stem, leaf, flower or its mixture and garlic are pruned or the rear discarded stem of results, leaf, the discarded branch that silk tree is pruned or naturally comes off, leaf, flower or its mixture, after oven dry, clay into power, using ethanolic solution as extraction solvent, lixiviate, filter, filtrate adopts the method for reduced pressure concentration to obtain respectively medicinal extract, and then add Imidacloprid and antitoxin rich, finally add conventional auxiliary material, make the compound preparation of the described anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant.
3. the preparation method of the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described oven dry refers to: at 30-50 DEG C, dry.
4. according to the preparation method of the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described powder refers to: 20-40 object particulate powder.
5. an application for the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, under stirring at normal temperature, water is added in described compound preparation, its active ingredient that is diluted to preparation is accounted for after the concentration of 0.5-5wt% and spray and use.
6. the application of the compound preparation of the anti-gourd vegetables viroses of plant according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described compound preparation is applied in the virus disease of control gourd vegetables plant, and described virus disease is fragrant sponge gourd virus disease, squash virus and Summer squash virus.
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| CN106333009A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-01-18 | 福建八马茶业有限公司 | Method for preparing isatis tinctoria honey tea |
| CN108041095A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 柳州雅瑞科技有限公司 | A kind of botanical fungicide for preventing edible lily virosis and preparation method thereof |
| CN110477054A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-11-22 | 郑州海绿王绿色科技有限公司 | Plant extracts composite growth regulator containing guaiacol |
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