CN1030135A - Full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument and device - Google Patents
Full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1030135A CN1030135A CN 87104134 CN87104134A CN1030135A CN 1030135 A CN1030135 A CN 1030135A CN 87104134 CN87104134 CN 87104134 CN 87104134 A CN87104134 A CN 87104134A CN 1030135 A CN1030135 A CN 1030135A
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Abstract
The present invention is full-automatic meter register method and device, belongs to metering automation and data transmission and processing technology field.Can be used at a distance, automatically read on a large scale the counting of various flows such as electricity, water, wind, gas, pressure, temperature, and carry out data processing by computing machine.The device of realizing the inventive method is by computing machine and external equipment thereof, logic controller, and data transmit instrument, and meter reading instrument detects gauging table (as watt-hour meter etc.) and ordinary telephone line and forms.
Description
The invention belongs to metering automation and data transmission and processing technology field.Can be used at a distance, automatically read on a large scale the counting of various flows such as electricity, water, wind, gas, pressure, temperature, and carry out data processing by computing machine.
In order to grasp the metering reading of various flows such as electricity, water, wind, gas, pressure, temperature at any time, and analyze, add up to realize the control in real time automatically of above-mentioned various measuring control, just need read the counting of the above-mentioned gauging table of each user simultaneously or read the counting of arbitrary gauging table at any time.But lack the means that realize above-mentioned target at present, generally all adopt manual metering.For example the watt metering of Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Corp just adopts manual metering, is certainly existing following problem like this:
1. hundreds of factory borders of more than 80 electric substation of the subordinate of company (station) are distributed in length and breadth more than 20 in the kilometer range by electric watt-hour meter.Obviously, be to be difficult to realize synchronous metering with manual metering, thereby can't grasp every month electricity consumption actual conditions of each factory's factories and mines exactly.Checked meter 6 days mistimings by every month, can cause 1% of every month total power consumption, the statistical error of about 700,000 degree electric weight.Like this, certainly will influence the accuracy that each factories and miness power consumption is adjusted greatly.
2. owing to manual metering, the electricity consumption of each factories and mines must be understood at specific electric load in good time by company.This and electric energy management are far from suitable.In order to realize the control automatically in real time of electric energy management,, just present manual metering must be changed into automatically and checking meter to reach the balance of power load.
3. manual metering and to the statistical treatment of data, it is long not only will to be equipped with a large amount of human and material resources but also data processing cycle, easily goes out mistake, has influenced the management of company to utilization of power greatly.
At present both at home and abroad, become possibility though between computer controlling center and terminal device, carry out data transmission with telephone wire, but in will be on a large scale, at a distance numerous measuring instrument be carried out digital communication, usually all to set up and dote on big system, as by each distributing system with control center's composition data communication network.Though the data rate of this system is fast, all must the general carry out supporting or renewal at the measuring instrument of usefulness, thus the cost huge investment.In fact, what large and medium-sized enterprise pressed for most is the cumulative amount of rapid and precise each subsidiary factory's measuring parameter, as electricity, water, wind, gas etc.The measurement period of these cumulative amounts often only requires that to reach 15 minutes just very fast, very desirable at last.Therefore, how just can realize this target, become the problem that enterprise is concerned about most with minimum investment.
For this reason, the present invention has adopted a kind of full-automatic meter register method and device of computer control Measuring and testing instrument, and it can realized in 20 kilometer range in length and breadth:
1. moment is read the counting of all measuring instruments of full company (as watt-hour meter) simultaneously, and the data under will copying with several minutes clock times then all are sent to control center;
2. read the counting of arbitrary measuring instrument (as watt-hour meter) at any time, the data under will copying with hundreds of milliseconds time then are sent to control center.
3. the data that can store accumulative total and subitem statistical measurement instrument (as watt-hour meter).
4. can in time describe to measure every day load curve.
5. can be reflected in the specific electric load amount quickly and effectively.
6. can carry out effective loss analysis.
7. can print various quantitative statistics data sheets automatically.
The present invention realizes with equipment by the following method:
Fig. 1 is the measuring instrument theory diagram of automatically checking meter.
The device of realizing the inventive method is: computing machine and external equipment A thereof.Logic controller B, ordinary telephone line C.Data transmit instrument D, and meter reading instrument E and detection measuring instrument (as watt-hour meter) F form.A D index number numbering of representing to check meter among the figure.E, F subscript lowercase represent to detect the numbered address of gauging table.
The inventive method is to give logic controller B by computer A issuing command section and channel address, logic controller B selective channel and steering order section send, transmit (as ordinary telephone line C) by channel and transmit instrument D to data, data transmit instrument D and receive instruction segment and executable operations, copy deposit data and maybe will copy the data of depositing and shift out from detecting gauging table F by meter reading instrument E, data transmit instrument D control data section and send, (as ordinary telephone line C) sends logic controller B to by channel, logic controller B receives data segment, passes to computer A and carries out data processing.
Wherein, microcomputer should select IBM-PC/XT series or corresponding compatible to be advisable.External equipment can comprise 9 pins or 24 needle printers, high resolution display, color plotter, temperature harddisk and Chinese character PC-DOS operation system as required.
Detecting that gauging table F is meant should be able to the output electric pulse signal or the gauging table of electric analogy amount, and as pulse electricity meter, this table sends a count pulse when the aluminium dish whenever turns around, and flowmeter then can be exported the voltage signal of 0～5V or 1～5V.
It is the nucleus equipment of realizing the spread of the rumours method of the present invention that logic controller B, data transmit instrument D, meter reading instrument E, is core of the present invention.Introduce the composition of each instrument below respectively.
1. logic controller
Dispose a logic controller of development and design voluntarily in the full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument of the present invention, its composition is seen the block scheme of logic controller B shown in Figure 2.
The symbol of the block scheme of Fig. 2 is represented respectively: 1 initial circuit, 2 start-up circuits, 3 clear circuits, 4 oscillators, 5 frequency dividers, 6 Command Impulse Device, 7 total clear pulse producers, 8 control level generators, 9 instruction segments write and send the shift pulse generator, and 10 data segments receive the shift pulse generator.The parallel/serial register of 11 instruction segments.12 output level converter or modulators.The serial/parallel register of 13 data segments.14 incoming level converter or detuners, 15 channel transmission/reception switchs, 16 instruction segment selector switchs, 17 instruction segment latchs.18 instruction segment decoding monitors, 19 data latches, 20 data decoding displays, 21 line selectors.
In addition, K
101Be initial button, K
103For manually booting button, K
103For instruction segment is manually selected 12 self-locking buttons, K
104Be reset key.I/O1 is that the computing machine outlet line selects signal port, its figure place＞2bit, with check meter count corresponding.I/O2 is a computing machine output order segment signal port, and its this example of figure place is 12bit; I/O3 is a computing machine input data bitstream signal port, and its this example of figure place is 24bit; I/O4 is a computing machine output enabling signal port, and its figure place is 1bit; I/05 is a computing machine input request peek signal port, and its figure place is 1bit.
2. data transmit instrument D
Respectively check meter in the full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument of the present invention and a little respectively dispose a data transmission instrument of development voluntarily, be used for carrying out the transmission of command reception, judgement, executable operations and control data, Fig. 3 is the composition block scheme that data transmit instrument D.
Each symbol among Fig. 3 is represented respectively: 22 initial circuits, 23 channel reception/transmission switchs, 24 incoming level converter or detuners, 25 output level converter or modulators, 26 start-up circuits, 27 oscillators, 28 frequency dividers, 20 make pulse producer, 30 total clear pulse producers, 31 control level generators, 32 instruction segments receive the shift pulse generator, and 33 data segments write and send the shift pulse generator, the serial/parallel register of 34 instruction segments, 35 pilot wire gates, 36 addressing devices, 37(P/S)
2The control line gate, 38CL
202The taps gate, 39 data segment information generators.
In addition, K
201Be initial button; (P/S)
2M, (P/S)
2N ... (P/S)
2R, (CL
202) m, (CL
202) n ... (CL
202) r and m, n ... r respectively by alphabetical m, n ... r weaves into the same E(m of three-way one group interconnection), E(n) ... E(r) be connected the block scheme of the meter reading instrument E of visible Fig. 4, Fig. 5.
3. meter reading instrument E
In the full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument of the present invention, analyse in the metering of each piece and to survey instrument F and all dispose a meter reading instrument E of development voluntarily, and meter reading instrument E is divided into two kinds by the character of the electric signal of Measuring and testing instrument F output.
First kind, Measuring and testing instrument F output electric pulse signal, the meter reading instrument E(m of the composition of meter reading instrument E such as Fig. 4) block scheme (electric impulse signal input).
Second kind, Measuring and testing instrument F output electric analoging signal or parallel data coded signal, the composition of meter reading instrument E is seen Fig. 5 meter reading instrument E(m) block scheme (electric analoging signal or the input of parallel data coded signal).
Each symbol is represented respectively in the block scheme of Fig. 4, Fig. 5: 40 initial circuits, 41 frequency dividers, 42 omit count pulse compensator, 43 closing ﹠ opening devices, 44 counting selector switchs, 45 counters, the parallel/serial register of 46 data segments, 47 code translators, 48 displays, 49 put rapid pulse towards generator, 50 friendship/direct power supplies+Vcc stabilized voltage supply, 51A/D converter.
In addition, K
301Be initial button, K
302For putting several buttons.(P/S) m is E(m) table the P/S control line, (CL
202) m is E(m) the CL pulse passage of table, m is E(m) the data serial output channel of table.Input1 is E(m) table electric impulse signal input channel, input2 is E(m) table electric analoging signal input channel, and input3 is E(m) table parallel data coded signal input channel.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1,2,3,4,5 block scheme method of the present invention is described in further detail.
The system directive formation of this method is divided into two kinds: instruction segment and data segment.
The system directive formation of this method is divided into two kinds: instruction segment and data segment.
Instruction segment:
Identity code operational code address code identity code
Identity code, delimiter are y
1, y
4, and make y
1≡ 0, y
4≡ 1.
Operational code, delimiter are y
2, y
3, can form y
2Y
3=10,01,11 3 kind, several three kinds of basic operational functions are copied, singly copy, are sent in expression entirely respectively.
Address code, delimiter are X
1, X
2Any coded system that can number by the Measuring and testing instrument F of the data of will making a copy for is set, and this example is set by the coded system of 3 octal numerals, can be numbered already nine to 512 F tables.
Data segment:
Identity code numeric data code identity code
Identity code, delimiter are y
5, y
6, and make y
5≡ 0, y
6≡ 1.
Numeric data code, delimiter are D
1, D
2... can set by any coded system that will transmit numeric data code.This example is set totally 24 by 6 decimal numeral coded systems of 8421 yards.
Promptly narrate below by as above setting:
One, copies the course of work (principle of work) of all F meter readings entirely;
The course of work of copying entirely of this method comprises that complete " 1 " channel address and the instruction segment information sent by computing machine and external equipment A enter logic controller B by I/O1 and the I/O2 port of logic controller B respectively.B sends to instruction segment information in all information and to go then after allowing all channels connect to constitute closed-loop paths.The data that are in each channel terminal transmit instrument D after receiving instruction segment information, and all meter reading instrument E and Measuring and testing instrument F execution thereof are copied several operating functions.Concrete steps are as follows:
At first full one state level is entered the line selector 21 of logic controller B by the I/O1 port, thereby make all output terminals of 21 constitute the closed-loop path with the channel reception/transmission switch 23 that telephone wire C and all data transmit instrument D separately by computing machine and external equipment A.Then, the instruction segment information of by the I/O2 port A being sent again is input on the input end of the parallel/serial register 11 of instruction segment of logic controller B and instruction segment latch 17.A exports starting impulse t by the I/O4 port to B immediately
102Certainly, this t
102Pulse also can be lifted and be manually booted button K
102The back is produced by start-up circuit 2.
This method also can be controlled by divorced from computer, uses manual meter reading method, and promptly the operational order section is manually selected 12 self-locking button K
103With manually boot button K
102Realize.At this moment, should operate K earlier
103, make instruction segment information at first appear at 11 and 17 input ends after, lift K
102
The t of start-up circuit 2 outputs
102Quiet hoop Dao red silk green pepper ⑸ generation frequently L grows permanent teeth
101=1 control level makes oscillator 4 starting of oscillations, and logic controller B starts working.
4 starting of oscillations, output B
1And B
1The anti-phase stable first-harmonic of two row, its frequency is 2 times of transfer rate, dutycycle 1: 1, degree of stability is better than 1%.As to require transfer rate be 100 bauds, then B
1And B
1Frequency be 200HZ.
B
1First-harmonic is with the B behind frequency divider 5 frequency divisions
1First-harmonic is entry instruction pulse producer 6 together, thereby produces the work schedule command pulse t of computing machine and external equipment A at 6 output terminal
103～t
107Wherein:
t
103～t
104During recurrent interval, touch and make control level generator 8 generation L
102=1 control level.It is 1 that this level makes the parallel/serial P/S control line level of posting string device 11 of instruction segment on the one hand, makes 2 frequency division B on the other hand
1First-harmonic 2 * B
1After writing and send shift pulse generator 9 by instruction segment, a monopulse T is only arranged
100Output on 11 the CL taps, this moment T
100The pulse that writes as 11 is written in parallel to instruction segment information in 11.Meanwhile, t
104Pulse also is written in parallel to instruction segment latch 17 with instruction segment information, and shows after 18 decodings of instruction segment decoding monitor, monitors for the operator.
t
105, t
105During recurrent interval, touch and make 8 generation L
103=1 control level.This electricity makes 2 frequency division B frequently
1First-harmonic 2 * B
1After 9, the T of 12 pulses is shown in output one
101To 11 CL taps, at this moment, T
101To the serial of instruction segment information be shifted out as 11 parallel/serial transmission shift pulse, after output level converter or modulator 12 level conversion or modulation, be sent to telephone wire C by channel transmission/reception switch 15, line selector 21.
t
107Pulse will make the L of 8 outputs
101Level is 0, makes oscillator 4 failure of oscillations.While t
107Pulse is through always forming t behind the pulse producer 7
109Total clear pulse returns to original state with start-up circuit 2, frequency divider 5.So far, the work of computing machine and external equipment A is all finished.
At the A duration of work, all data transmit instrument D and all obtain instruction segment information from telecommunication connection C separately, and after this information channel receptions/transmission switch 23 imports, carry out level conversion or demodulation in incoming level converter or detuner 24.The Y of 24 outputs
1≡ 0 signal makes start-up circuit 26 produce t
202Starting impulse, this pulse make control level generator 31 produce L
201=1 control level makes oscillator 27 starting of oscillations, and data transmit instrument D work.Meanwhile, 24 output the instruction segment signals also serial be input to the serial/parallel register 34 of instruction segment.
27 starting of oscillations produce B
2And B
2The anti-phase stable first-harmonic of two row is to the same B that requires of its technical parameter
1And B
1Also require B outward,
2And B
1Keep stable synchronously.
B
2First-harmonic is with the B behind frequency divider 28 frequency divisions
2First-harmonic is entry instruction pulse producer 29 together, thereby produces the work schedule command pulse t of logic controller B at 29 output terminal
203～t
205Wherein:
t
202, t
203During recurrent interval, touch and make 31 generation L
202=1 control level.This level makes 2 frequency division B
2First-harmonic 2 * B
2Behind instruction segment reception shift pulse generator 32, the T of 12 pulses is shown in output one
201To 34 CL taps, this T
201To the serial of instruction segment information be moved into parallel storage as 34 serial/parallel reception shift pulse.Serial-shift finishes, in three pilot wires of α, β, γ of pilot wire gate 35 outputs because of α=y
2Y
3And make α pilot wire level is 1, and other pilot wire level is 0.
The pilot wire level of α=1 makes all address wire level of addressing device 36 outputs be L, has opened (P/S)
2Control line gate 37, CL
202Outside all passages of taps gate 38, the t that also allows Command Impulse Device 29 export
204, t
205During recurrent interval, touch and make 31 generation L
203=1 control level.This level all (P/S) occur by 37 on the one hand
2M, (P/S)
2N ... on the control line, the aspect also makes 2 frequency division B in addition
2First-harmonic 2 * B
2After writing and send shift pulse generator 33 by data segment, a monopulse T is only arranged
200Output to CL
202Taps gate 38, and output to all (CL again by 38
202) m, (CL
202) n ... on the taps.Like this, on the CL taps of the parallel/serial register 46 of the data segment of all meter reading instrument E T appears
200Write pulse, and T
200The pulse time of occurrence must be during the P/S=1 control level in.The data of the counter 45 in the E table will be at T
200Effect is written to down in 46 and stores, and can remain to the CL taps when pulse occurring once more till.
t
205Pulse also will make the L of 31 outputs
201Level is O, makes oscillator 27 failure of oscillations.While t
205Pulse forms t behind total clear pulse producer 30
207Total clear pulse returns to original state with 23,26,28,34.So far, the work of logic controller B is all finished, and the counter 45 of meter reading instrument E or the data message of A/D converter 51 also will be recorded in the register 46.
Two, singly copy certain piece and detect measuring instrument F, as F(m) course of work (principle of work) of reading
The course of work of singly copying of this method comprises that a certain channel address and the instruction segment information sent by computing machine and external equipment A thereof enter logic controller B by I/O1 and I/O2 port.After B then allows allocated channel connect constitute the loop, instruction segment information sent in this channel go.And the data that are in this channel terminal transmit instrument D after receiving instruction segment information, only to certain specified in instruction segment piece meter reading instrument E(m) and measuring instrument F(m) reading carry out and copy several operating functions.Its concrete steps are copied process roughly the same entirely, and different is:
1.A only a certain position in the I/O1 port is become level"1", and this position certainly only with F(m) the table place check meter a little corresponding.Like this, only between the channel reception/transmission switch 23 of line selector 21, C and certain blocks of data transmission instrument D, form the closed-loop path.
2. only having data of checking meter a little to transmit instrument D can obtain instruction segment information from respective lines, and because of y in this information
2=0, y
3=1, and make that in three pilot wires the level of a pilot wire only being arranged is 1(β=y
2Y
3).
3. only to make the level of an address wire m in addressing device 36 output terminals be 1 to the pilot wire level of β=1, thereby make control level generator 31, CL
202Taps gate 38 all only has the passage of a correspondence to open, i.e. (P/S)
2M and (CL
202) passage of m opens, and allows P/S=1 and T
200Signal output to E(m from it).Other of β=1 acts on the effect of same α=1.This shows, singly copy the result that instruction is carried out, the E(m of appointment is only arranged) data of table are recorded storage.
Three, transmit certain piece and detect measuring instrument F such as F(m) course of work (principle of work) of reading
Just can carry out after sending several courses of work to carry out earlier to copy or singly copy the course of work entirely.This method send several courses of work to comprise to send certain channel address and instruction segment information, enter logic controller B by I/O1 and I/O2 port respectively by computing machine and external equipment A.After B then only allows allocated channel connect constitute the loop, instruction segment information sent in this channel go.And the data that are in this channel terminal transmit instrument D after receiving instruction segment information, only to specified certain piece meter reading instrument E(m in the instruction segment) the detection measuring instrument F(m that stored) readings carries out and send several operating functions.Data transmit instrument D these data are sent back to logic controller B and only entered Computer Processing through the I/O3 port by channel.Its concrete steps send at instruction segment, receiving course is singly copied the course of work roughly the same together, and difference is:
1. owing to send several operational code y
2=1, y
3=1, parallel/serial register 11 output terminals of the instruction segment of logic controller B are at y
2Y
3The t of=1 o'clock control Command Impulse Device 6 generations
106Pulse enters channel transmission/reception switch 15, makes the t of B after the whole serials of instruction segment information are shifted out
106Constantly switch to accepting state, get ready for B receives data segment information.
2. because y
2=1, y
3=1, after serial received finishes, be 1 level (γ=y and make data transmit in three pilot wires of pilot wire gate 35 of instrument D the γ pilot wire only to be arranged
2Y
3).
3. the effect of γ=1 has 5 points:
(1) make an address wire m=1 is only arranged in addressing device 36 output terminals, thereby only with CL
202(the CL of taps gate 38 outputs
202) m is open-minded.
(2) make channel reception/transmission switch 23 after the instruction segment serial received finishes, switch to transmit status immediately, so that data segment information is by entering telephone wire C after it.
(3) t that stops Command Impulse Device 29 to produce
204Enter control level generator 31 backs and produce L
203=1 control level, thus guarantee that P/S is always 0 level in sending several operating process.
(4) stop 29 t that produce
205Enter 31 and total clear pulse producer 30.Like this, one side L
201=1 control level is at t
205Still be 1 constantly, oscillator 27 continues vibration, makes 30 on the other hand at t
205Constantly do not produce total clear pulse t
207
(5) make 29 to produce t
206Pulse, and enter 31 and 30.
4. at t
204, t
206Touch during recurrent interval and make 31 to produce L
204=1 control level, this level allow 2 frequency division B
2First-harmonic 2 * B
2After writing and send shift pulse generator 33 by data segment, the T of 26 pulses is shown in output one
202To CL
202Taps gate 38, and output to (CL again by 38
202) on the m line, as meter reading instrument E(m) and the parallel/serial transmission shift pulse of CL of the parallel/serial register 46 of data segment, the serial of 26 data segment informations is shifted out.
5. the data segment information that 46 serials meter reading instrument E(m) are shifted out is sent the data segment information generator 39 that data transmit instrument D back to by the m line, and carries out level conversion or modulation back channel reception/transmission switch 23 by output level converter or modulator 25 and mail among the channel C and go.
6. data segment information serial end-of-shift meter reading instrument E(m), t
206Make L
201=0, oscillator 27 failure of oscillations.T meanwhile
206Also produce t by 30
207Total clear pulse is with 23, start-up circuit 26, frequency divider 28, the serial/parallel register 34 of instruction segment return to original state.So far, several processes of sending of data transmission instrument D are all over.
In the beginning that D shifts out data segment information to the C serial, logic controller B has also just begun reception data segment information process, and its step is as follows:
1. data segment information is by line selector 21, and channel transmission/reception switch 15 enters the incoming level converter or detuner 14 carries out level conversion or demodulation.
2. data segment y
sThe information of ≡ 0 produces receipts number starting impulse t through start-up circuit 2 again after 14
' 102t
' 102Make control level generator 8 produce L
104=1 and L
105=1 control level.
L
104The similar L of the effect of=1 level
101=1 level effect will make oscillator 4 starting of oscillations.
L
105The t that=1 level suppressor pulse command generator 6 produces
103, t
104, t
105t
106t
107To the effect of logic controller B with make 6 to produce t
108Pulse.
At t
' 102And t
108During recurrent interval, L
104=1 and L
105=1.
3.L
105=1 makes 2 frequency division B
1First-harmonic 2 * B
1Behind data segment reception shift pulse generator 10, the T of 26 pulses is shown in output one
102To the CL taps of the serial/parallel register 13 of data segment.At this moment, T
102To the serial of data segment information be moved into as 13 serial/parallel reception shift pulse.
4. serial-shift finishes, at t
108Under the effect, numeric data code information is written in parallel to data latches 19, stores.
5.19 the numeric data code information of output terminal shows through 20 decodings of data decoding display on the one hand, on the other hand by the parallel computing machine that outputs to of I/O3 port.
6.t
108Pulse also has following several effect except the effect that oneself mentions in front:
(1) outputs to computing machine by the I/O5 port, as request peek signal.
(2) make channel transmission/reception switch 15 return to transmit status.
(3) make total clear pulse transmitter 7 produce t
109Total clear pulse returns to original state with start-up circuit 2 and frequency divider 5.
7. the computing machine peek finishes, and line selector 21 is returned to virgin state.
At this moment, several operating process of sending of logic controller B are all over.
The principle of work of the meter reading instrument E (m) of four Fig. 4
The block scheme of Fig. 4 meter reading instrument E (m) is suitable for copying the reading of the Measuring and testing instrument F (m) that remembers electric impulse signal output, and its principle of work is:
1. the pulse t of Measuring and testing instrument F (m) output
302, the effect that is entered the frequency divider 41.41 of E (m) by the input1 port is the t that F (m) table is exported
302Carry out the decimal systemization, i.e. the t of 41 outputs
303It is a decimal numeral count pulse.
2. copy several operating periods not carrying out, (P/S)
2m=0, t
303Can advance counter 45 countings by closing ﹠ opening device 43, counting selector switch 44, when the number operation is copied in execution, (P/S)
2m=1, t
303Can not pass through 43, thereby guarantee copying several moments the data absolute stability of counter 45.
3.(P/S)
2m=0, also stop t
303Enter and omit count pulse compensator 42, (P/S)
2m=1 moment is if there is t
303, then make 42 change states, and at (P/S)
2mWhen returning to 0 level, 42 export a compensated pulse t immediately
304, t
304Through 43,44 laggard 45 countings.Like this, just can avoid (P/S)
2mThe count pulse that=1 moment may lose.
4. pressing K
302Once, put rapid pulse and produce a manual count pulse t towards generator 49
306
5.44 can manually select t
305Or t
305Enter 45, t
306Entering 45 is for when changing F (m) table, manually sets 45 primary data, makes it corresponding with the reading of F (m) table.
6. code translator 47, display 48 are deciphered 45 output parallel data, show.
7. narrated in oneself described in front three kinds of operating process of the effect of the parallel/serial register 46 of data segment, no longer repeated.
50 outputs of friendship/direct power supply+Vcc stabilized voltage supply+the Vcc power supply supplies with counter 45, parallel/serial register 46 work of data segment.+ Vcc power supply is obtained after rectification, voltage stabilizing by electric main under normal conditions.When electric main cuts off the power supply, then automatically switch to efficient small-sized DC battery power supply.Like this, guarantee that the data that E table 45 is stored are not only lost when the AC power sudden power, and these data can also be written to 46 and be delivered to data by 46 and transmit instrument D.
Efficient small-sized DC battery is in charged state under normal conditions, and requires can both change power supply state at any time among 1 year, and the powered operation time adds up should be able to reach more than 15 * 24 hours altogether.
The principle of work of the meter reading instrument E (m) of five Fig. 5
The block scheme of Fig. 5 is suitable for copying the F(m of note electric analogy amount output) meter reading, it is by the parallel/serial register 46 of data segment, code translator 47, display 48, friendships/direct power supply+Vcc stabilized voltage supply 50 and A/D converter 51 compositions, its principle of work is:
1. electric analogy amount is carried out the A/D conversion by input2 port input a/d converter 51.
2. as Measuring and testing instrument F(m) when the output of parallel data sign indicating number information is arranged, then import this data by the input3 port.
The other parts principle of work is identical with Fig. 4.
In addition, initial circuit 1, the data of logic controller B are made a copy for the initial circuit 40 of initial circuit 22, meter reading instrument E of instrument D at pressing K respectively
101, K
201, K
301During key, produce t
101, t
201, t
301Inceptive impulse.Its effect is in order to guarantee B, D, E table when the energising, and its relevant logical block is in the design original state.
Full-automatic meter register method of the present invention and equipment are not only applicable in the electrical measurement, can be used for the metering of various flows such as current, coal gas, wind, gas and pressure, temperature yet, make their realize metering automation.As long as select suitable computing machine as required for use, and each corresponding Measuring and testing instrument and logic controller of the present invention, data transmission instrument and meter reading instrument networking are installed, just can be realized automatically checking meter of above-mentioned parameter.
As a specific embodiment, the present invention implements in Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Corp.Computer system sets Great Wall 052A main frame and external unit: CRT, TH3070 printer, DXY-400 X-Y plotter, 10MB Winchester disk and FA-MAT-5, W-BUS converter, interface board etc., and uses DT
2, DS
8, DS
2Watt-hour meter change system into behind the pulse electricity meter with logic controller of the present invention, data send instrument, meter reading instrument is formed the full-automatic kilowatt meter reading-out system of electric quantity metering, is installed in 31 under the said firm
#, 23
#Electric substation.31
#, 23
#Electric substation is about 2 kilometers and 10 kilometers respectively far from data processing centre (DPC).When transfer rate was 100 bauds, transmission signals needn't adopt modulation demodulation system, and can meet the demands fully with the level conversion mode.At this moment, instruction segment information of every transmission takies the 130ms time, and data segment information of every transmission takies the 200ms time, and 388 watt-hour meter readings of full company are copied entirely and once taken 130ms+(130ms+200ms altogether) * 388=151.43 second＜2
31 ", 5 time, satisfy the requirement of making a copy for the watt-hour meter reading fully.
Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Corp will obtain distinct economic after adopting full-automatic kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention:
1. full-automatic kilowatt meter reading-out system not only can be at a distance, automatically read the electric weight counting on a large scale, and because the application microcomputer carries out data processing, make it can depict load curve easily, find the fault of circuit or table meter rapidly, analyze the rationality of line loss effectively and appraise and decide accuracy of table meter running or the like, for enterprise obtains great economic benefit.By Ma'an Mountain company calendar year statistics, line loss average out to 1.98%, the electric weight total amount is calculated by 1,000,000,000 degree, if adopt full-automatic kilowatt meter reading-out system to carry out in time handling behind the line loss analyzing, line loss is reduced in 1.5%, then is expected to obtain year economize on electricity 5,000,000 degree, is worth 350,000 yuan.Simultaneously, can also improve utilization rate of electrical 1%, annual 700000 yuan the economic benefit of reducing cost that also will obtain.
2. full-automatic kilowatt meter reading-out system not only can be realized the robotization of horse steel electric quantity metering, and this cover system changes slightly, is applicable to the metering automation of various flows such as realizing water, wind, gas, pressure, temperature fully.
3. full-automatic kilowatt meter reading-out system also can be used for the monitoring and detection industrial processes fully.As long as on the main body consumer of critical process process, native system is installed, then can reflect the running status of whole process of production and each operating personnel's of concrete analysis operant level according to the power load curve of main body consumer reliably, improve the production management quality of whole enterprise greatly.
In sum, enforcement of the present invention will be advanced person's computer technology, and electronic technology and mechanics of communication combine, and realizes the automatic Detection ﹠ Controling of real time measure of enterprise.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of full-automatic meter register method that is used for electric weight, flow, temperature and pressure variations, it is characterized in that computing machine issuing command section and channel address are to logic controller, logic controller selective channel and steering order section send, send data to by channel and transmit instrument, data transmit instrument and receive instruction segment and executable operations, copy deposit data and maybe will copy the data of depositing and shift out from detecting gauging table by meter reading instrument, data transmit instrument control data section and send, send logic controller to by channel, logic controller receives data segment, passes to computing machine and carries out data processing.
2, a kind of device of realizing the full-automatic meter register method of claim 1, the device that it is characterized by the inventive method is by the issuing command computing machine that line data handles of going forward side by side, one is used for steering order and sends, the logic controller of Data Receiving, one is carried out command reception, judges, the data that executable operations and control data send transmit instrument, the meter reading instrument of the data of making a copy for, the Measuring and testing instrument and the ordinary telephone line of more than one output electric pulse signal or electric analogy amount are formed.
3, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that said logic controller is made up of following elements: initial circuit, start-up circuit, clear circuit, oscillator, frequency divider, Command Impulse Device, total clear pulse producer, control level generator, instruction segment writes and sends the shift pulse generator, data segment receives shift pulse generator, the parallel/serial register of instruction segment, output level converter or modulator, the serial/parallel register of data segment, incoming level converter or detuner.Channel transmission/reception switch, instruction segment selector switch, instruction segment latch, instruction segment decoding monitor, data latches, numeric data code display, line selector.
4, device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that said data transmit instrument and are made up of following elements: initial circuit, channel reception/transmission switch, incoming level converter or detuner, output level converter or modulator, start-up circuit, oscillator, frequency divider, Command Impulse Device, total clear pulse producer, control level generator, instruction segment receives the shift pulse generator, data segment writes and sends the shift pulse generator, the serial/parallel register of instruction segment, pilot wire gate, the addressing device, (P/S)
2The control line gate, CL
202The taps gate, the data segment information generator.
5, device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that said meter reading instrument is made up of following elements: initial circuit, frequency divider is omitted the count pulse compensator, closing ﹠ opening device, the counting selector switch, counter, the parallel/serial register of data segment, code translator, display is put rapid pulse towards generator, AC/DC power supply+Vcc stabilized voltage supply.
6, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that said meter reading instrument by the parallel/serial register of data segment, code translator, and display, friendship/direct power supply+Vcc stabilized voltage supply and A/D converter are formed.
7,, it is characterized in that said each element all can select common CMOS for use, the TTL integrated circuit as claim 3,4,5,6 described devices.
8, full-automatic meter register method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that said meter register method detects gauging table for copying all entirely, its course of work is, complete " 1 " channel address and the instruction segment information sent by computing machine enter logic controller by I/O1 and I/02 port respectively, logic controller is then after allowing all channels connect the formation closed-loop path, instruction segment information sent in all channels go, the data that are in each channel terminal transmit instrument after receiving instruction segment information, and all meter reading instruments and the execution of detection gauging table thereof are copied several operating functions.
9, full-automatic meter register method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that said meter register method detects gauging table for singly copying certain piece, its course of work is that a certain channel address and the instruction segment information that computing machine sends enters logic controller by I/01 and I/02 port respectively, after logic controller then only allows allocated channel connect the formation loop, instruction segment information sent in this channel go, and the data that are in this channel terminal transmit instrument after receiving instruction segment information, only the reading of certain specified in instruction segment piece meter reading instrument and detection measuring instrument thereof are carried out and are copied several operating functions.
10, full-automatic meter register method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the several courses of work of sending in this meter register method are that computing machine sends certain channel address and instruction segment information enters logic controller by I/01 and I/02 port respectively, after logic controller then only allows allocated channel connect the formation loop, instruction segment information sent in this channel go, and the data that are in this channel terminal transmit instrument after receiving instruction segment information, only the data that certain specified in instruction segment piece meter reading instrument is stored are carried out and are sent several operating functions, and data transmit instrument these data are sent back to logic controller and entered Computer Processing through the I/03 port by channel.
11, as claim 1,8,9,10 described full-automatic meter register methods, it is characterized in that the said logic controller course of work is, after channel address that anacom is sent and the instruction segment information, selective channel and steering order segment information send by channel and receive data segment information and import Computer Processing from channel.
12,, it is characterized in that said data transmit the instrument course of work for after receiving instruction segment information, analyze the transmission of execution command content and control data segment information as claim 1,8,9,10 described full-automatic meter register methods.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87104134 CN1030135A (en) | 1987-06-13 | 1987-06-13 | Full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87104134 CN1030135A (en) | 1987-06-13 | 1987-06-13 | Full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument and device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1030135A true CN1030135A (en) | 1989-01-04 |
Family
ID=4814740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87104134 Pending CN1030135A (en) | 1987-06-13 | 1987-06-13 | Full-automatic meter register method of measuring instrument and device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1030135A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105486918A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-13 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Electric quantity management method and system |
-
1987
- 1987-06-13 CN CN 87104134 patent/CN1030135A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105486918A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-13 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Electric quantity management method and system |
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