CN1030107C - 电流测量装置 - Google Patents

电流测量装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1030107C
CN1030107C CN92100906.2A CN92100906A CN1030107C CN 1030107 C CN1030107 C CN 1030107C CN 92100906 A CN92100906 A CN 92100906A CN 1030107 C CN1030107 C CN 1030107C
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current
secondary coil
electric current
coil
amplifier
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN1064153A (zh
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艾特·玛克
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Liaisons Electroniques Mecaniques Lem S
Liaisons Electroniques Mecaniques LEM SA
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Liaisons Electroniques Mecaniques Lem S
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/18Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using conversion of DC into AC, e.g. with choppers
    • G01R19/20Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using conversion of DC into AC, e.g. with choppers using transductors, i.e. a magnetic core transducer the saturation of which is cyclically reversed by an AC source on the secondary side
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G01R15/183Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core
    • G01R15/185Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core with compensation or feedback windings or interacting coils, e.g. 0-flux sensors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/42Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils
    • H01F27/422Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils for instrument transformers
    • H01F27/427Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils for instrument transformers for current transformers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

电流测量装置,包括均有初、次级线圈的第一第二电流互感器、电流发生器、通过磁化电流分量控制该发生器的装置、测量第二电流互感器次级线圈内电流流动的测量装置,补偿磁化电流分量在串联次级线圈公共接点处电位变化的补偿装置,偏置该接点以补偿第二电流互感器内电流流动产生的压降以及装置内各放大器漂移电压的偏置装置,从而消除残存磁化电流和由其引起的其它变化的影响,并自动补偿其它影响测量信号因素。

Description

本发明涉及如美国专利第5,008,612号所描述之类型的电流测量装置,该文件公开的内容为本发明整体的一个组成部分。
更具体地,本发明涉及一种电流测量装置,它包括第一和第二电流互感器,各互感器均有一磁芯、与磁芯相耦合的一个初级导体或线圈和一个次级线圈;所述两个初级线圈或导体被连接以传送被测电流。第一和第二互感器的次级线圈匝数相等且以相互串联方式连接。使得由被测电流在所述次级线圈内感生的电流沿同一方向流动。一个电流发生器,具有一个与第一电流互感器的所述次级线圈相连接的输出端,用以向该互感器馈送包含有能驱动相应磁芯交替地处于两种相反的饱和状态的磁化电流分量的电流。还有一个用于通过磁化电流分量控制所述电流发生器的装置,和用于测量第二电流互感器次级线圈中电流流动的测量装置,该电流与被测电流成正比。
在上述类型的电流测量装置中,希望将磁化电流分量与被用来测量在初级导体内电流流动的电流分量相分离,还希望补偿其它影响测量的因素,如第二电流互感器次级线圈上的压降和该装置内放大器漂移电压的变化等。
为了改进这种电流测量装置的性能,已经开发了多种装置,但它们看来都不能给出足够的分离或被偿,而且很难控制和调整,这使该装置不适于成批生产,也不宜用于相对宽的温度范围。
本发明的主要目的在于,提供一种上述类型的电流测量装置,它可以获得一个除去了任何残存的磁化电流和由其引起的任何变化的测量信号,还可以自动地和以微量调节方式补偿其它影响测量信号的因素。
根据本发明,提供有补偿装置,用以补偿任何由磁化电流分量在测量装置串联次级线圈公共连接点处引起的电位变化;还提供有偏置装置,用以偏置所述连接点,从而补偿第二电流互感器次级线圈内电流流动所产生的压降,补偿所述测量、补偿和偏置装置的放大器漂移电压。
通过下面结合特定实施例的描述,本发明的各方面和目的将变得更加清楚。下面结合附图说明本发明:
图1是根据本发明电流测量装置的简化电连接示意图。
在图1中,参考号1和2表示两个电流互感器,它们分别具有磁芯3和4,例如,高磁导率材料制成的圆环柱芯。电流互感器包括一个与两磁芯相耦合并传送被测电流Ip的初级线圈,例如一个共用线圈26或一共用初级导体,各互感器的次级线圈分别由参考号5和6表示,它们具有公共连接点7,并被如此缠绕,使得初级电流在其中感生的电流在两个串联的次级线圈中以同方向流动。
通过发生器8将正负交变的电压施加到线圈5上,相应电流将磁芯3磁化,并能周期性地将其驱动到正向相反的饱和状态。而且与初级电流相关的测量电流由发生器8提供并叠加在磁化电流上。
线圈6未与公共点7相连的端头与放大器10的反向输入端9相连接;放大器10的输出端11通过其阻值为R的电阻与该输入端9相耦合,放大器10的正向输入端接地。
次级线圈5和6具有相同匝数Ns,初级线圈匝数为Np。在满足本装置的条件下,特别是在没有线圈5内流动的磁化电流分量进入线圈6的条件下,在放大器10的输出端11出现的电压U具有下值:
U=Ip·R·Np/Ns
这一电压与初级电流成正比,因此代表测量信号。
根据上述装置的第一种改进,次级线圈5和6的公共连接点与放大器14的反向输入端13相连接,放大器14的输出端15通过串联的电容器16和电阻17与该输入端13相耦合。一偏值电位(其获得方式将如后所述)施加于放大器14的第二正向输入端18。
放大器14的输出端15与输入端13的电容性耦合,使公共点7的电位基本保持于一个与磁化电流分量引起的变化无关的值。所以磁化电流分量完全在电路部分7、13、17之间流动而不进入线圈6。出现在电阻17两端的电压通过连线19和控制发生器8的控制装置20来提供。该控制在于每次磁芯3达到饱和时触发发生器输出电压翻转一次;换句话说,即每次电阻17上的压降到达预定的正负阈值 时,便使发生器输出电压翻转一次。
放大器14的输入端18上的偏置电位,一方面由该放大器的输出信号给,该信号首先经低通滤波器21滤波,然后通过电阻电路27、28施加到输入端18上,另一方面由出现在放大器10输出端11的测量信号给出。该输出信号通过电阻22加到放大器14提供的信号上。不同电阻值都经过计算得出,特别地使之能够补偿互感器2次级线圈6上的压降,以及所述压降变化直接引起的输入端18上偏置电位的相应变化。作用在输入端18的放大器14的负反馈环路被如此选定,以避免该放大器输出电压到达所述放大器的饱和阈值。输入端18的偏置电位还补偿放大器10和14的漂移电压。
如果用提供了测量电路隔离的本装置来测量电压,电阻23与互感器1和2的初级电路中的初级线圈26相串联。在这种应用中,与纯电流测量情况相比,初级线圈具有相对多的匝数。进一步地,信号由发生器8的输出产生,通过反相器24和校准电阻25提供到放大器10的输入端9上。各电阻经过计算,使得由于施加于线圈5的发生器8之电压变化引起的初级线圈26中感生电流之影响,通过由电路24、25提供的反方向电流加以补偿。这使得放大器10输出端11的测量信号上初级电流波动的影响,比如由于互感器1磁化引起的初级电流波动的影响,可以得到消除。

Claims (2)

1、一种电流测量装置,包括第一和第二电流互感器,它们分别具有一磁芯、与所述磁芯相耦合的一个初级导体或线圈和一个次级线圈;所述初级线圈或导体被连接以传输被测电流,所述第一和第二互感器的所述次级线圈匝数相同,且以相互串联方式设置,使得由被测电流在所述次级线圈内感生的电流以同方向流动;一个电流发生器,其输出端与所述第一电流互感器的所述次级线圈相连接,用以向其馈送包括能够驱动相应磁芯交替地处于两种相反的饱和状态的磁化电流分量的电流;一个用于通过所述磁化电流分量控制所述发生器的装置;测量装置,用以测量在所述第二电流互感器的所述次级线内的电流流动;其特征在于,所述电流测量装置进一步包括:补偿装置,用于补偿磁化电流分量在所述串联的次级线圈的公共连接点处引起的任何电位变化;所述补偿装置包括一运算放大器,其第一负向输入端与所述公共接点相连接,一偏置电位被施加于所述放大器的第二正向输入端,所述放大器的输出则通过一个电容器和一个测量电阻的串接耦合到所述放大器的反向输入端,用以测量所述磁化电流分量;所述电流测量装置,还包括一个电路,用以从反比于所述第二电流互感器次级线圈内电流流动的信号中和从所述放大器输出信号中产生所述偏置电位,从而自动地补偿由在所述第二电流互感器次级线圈内电流流动产生的压降以及由所述漂移电压产生的压降。
2、根据权利要求1的电流测量装置,其中所述初级线圈在一初级电路内与一个电阻串联,其中提供有一波动补偿电路,它包括从所述电流发生器输出给出一补偿信号的装置,用以补偿由于所述第一电流互感器次级线圈内磁化电流分量流动感生而在初级导体或线圈内出现的电流波动的影响。
CN92100906.2A 1991-02-15 1992-02-15 电流测量装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1030107C (zh)

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CH481/91-1 1991-02-15
CH481/91A CH684216A5 (fr) 1991-02-15 1991-02-15 Dispositif de mesure de courants.

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CN1064153A CN1064153A (zh) 1992-09-02
CN1030107C true CN1030107C (zh) 1995-10-18

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US (1) US5345169A (zh)
EP (1) EP0499589B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3099987B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1030107C (zh)
CH (1) CH684216A5 (zh)
DE (1) DE69207223T2 (zh)
RU (1) RU2114439C1 (zh)

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CH684216A5 (fr) 1994-07-29
EP0499589B1 (fr) 1996-01-03
JP3099987B2 (ja) 2000-10-16
RU2114439C1 (ru) 1998-06-27
DE69207223D1 (de) 1996-02-15
JPH05196650A (ja) 1993-08-06
US5345169A (en) 1994-09-06
EP0499589A1 (fr) 1992-08-19
CN1064153A (zh) 1992-09-02
DE69207223T2 (de) 1996-08-14

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Granted publication date: 19951018