CN102996257A

CN102996257A - Integral combined cycle power generation system for direct combustion of pulverized coal

Info

Publication number: CN102996257A
Application number: CN2011102689710A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金涌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-09-13
Filing date: 2011-09-13
Publication date: 2013-03-27

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel combustion gas-steam combined cycle power generation system. The combustion gas-steam combined cycle power generation system has a high heat-electricity, does not need a coal gasification unit, and adopts a graphitized carbon fiber filtering medium, and the pulverized coal subjected to high-temperature combustion gas filtering can be directly used as a working medium of a gas turbine. Compared with routine IGCC (integrated gasification combine cycle) technologies, the system provided by the invention has the advantages of less investment, short flow, long on-stream period, high heat efficiency and the like.

Description

A kind of integral combined circulating power generation system of fine coal direct combustion

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of novel gas---the steam combined cycle power generating system, described combustion gas---steam combined cycle power generating system, has higher thermal-photoelectric transformation efficiency, but do not need the coal gasification unit, but adopt the graphitized carbon fibre filter medium, filter by gas high-temperature, directly be used as the working medium of gas turbine, so with conventional IGCC technology relatively, little investment is arranged, flow process is short, on-stream time is long, and thermal efficiency advantages of higher.

Background technique

IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combine cycle) integrated gasification combined cycle for power generation system received a lot of concerns in nearly 20～30 years, its core concept is comprised of coal gasification and purification part and Gas-steam Combined Cycle power generation part.

Can significantly promote (to 45% or higher) from its heat-photoelectric transformation efficiency of theory analysis of Gas-steam Combined Cycle generating, but because its gasification and purification part additional investment are large, and sizable energy consumption arranged, cause overall thermal-electrical efficiency of IGCC not high (only be 38.5% from the report data of U.S. Tanpa factory), so current understanding is only CO ₂Seal up for safekeeping with the energy storage peak shaving of coal gas part synthesis of chemicals and consider to be in the same place, IGCC could embody the whole advantage of using of industry.

But showing, the studying in great detail of the up-to-date expansion of U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and EPRI-Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) make IGCC+CO ₂Trapping technique and traditional generation technology relatively can make:

1. cost of electricity-generating rises 40%

2. investment rises 32%

3. net power output descends 15%

4. heat-electrical efficiency reduces by 22% (one says 8%-10%)

So just having limited the engineering of IGCC uses.

Carrying out combined cycle generation behind the employing coal direct combustion mainly is not need the processes such as air-making oxygen, coal gas generation and gas-purification, so just can obtain on the one hand the Gao Re-photoelectric transformation efficiency of gas-steam combined generating, aspect simple flow significantly then in addition, reduce cost, reduce cost of electricity-generating, and can increase the utilization of capacity, and since 2/3 electric power from gas turbine, 1/3 comes from steam turbine, and the steam turbine cooling water amount has obvious minimizing like this.

Carrying out the major obstacle of combined cycle generation behind the employing coal dust direct combustion, is that the solid dust in the combustion gas is carried secretly

Blade abrasion to gas turbine can't solve.High temperature air filtration is the main core difficult problem of combined cycle generation behind the coal dust direct combustion.Because there is not suitable high temperature air filtration dielectric material, existing ceramic micro filter material, though can be high temperature resistant, gas flux is little, and also matter is crisp, under thermal shock conditions, and easy-rupturing.Adopt the celion media filtration of patent 2011202983165, then can address the above problem smoothly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the integral combined circulating power generation system flow chart of novel coal ash direct combustion

Fig. 2 is the multistage generation recycling of steam boiler flow chart

Summary of the invention

The flow chart of the integral combined circulating power generation system of the coal dust direct combustion that patent of the present invention proposes can be referring to accompanying drawing 1.

The following description of flow process details of the power generation system that patent of the present invention proposes:

(1) the pulverized coal boiler firing chamber can with thick cyclone separator coupling (or separate), its characteristics can adopt rotary flow type burning pot will be conducive to be connected mutually with the thick dedusting of multistage cyclone, boiler can be the hot wall type that is provided with the steam generation tube bank, it also can be the cold wall type firing chamber, can be pressured type in order to improve the generating efficiency firing chamber, the operation pressure of pressure combustion chamber can 0～8mp, and goes out temperature T=1200 ℃～1400 ℃ or higher.

(2) in order to remove the excessive O in the rear high-temperature gas of burning ₂(surplus of general peroxide＜5%) sends into first catalysis combustion clean room to high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas, at this moment fills into an amount of rock gas, and the rock gas magnitude of recruitment can make O ₂Combustion is clean fully, and CH can be arranged ₄Surplus.Excessive CH ₄Can fire in gas turbine only, the surplus of rock gas can be 0%-10% or higher.For fully firing clean O ₂Can add various catalysis materials in the combustion clean room, can be the granular catalyst packed layer, catalytic metal net or grained catalyst.

If pulverized fuel ash has catalytic activity or newly adds micro-powdery when urging agent, need (catalysis) combustion clean room is placed on before the multicyclone dust collector on stream.

(3) heat filtering equipment adopts the graphitized carbon fibre filter, and its performance and structural requirement are as described in the patent 2011202983165.

(4) will enter the fuel gas-steam power generation system through the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas that purifies, can be according to excessive CH ₄Part, it is clean with combustion in gas turbine to replenish pressurized air, later flow process and conventional IGCC technology are without significant difference, its flow process can be referring to accompanying drawing 2.

Accompanying drawing 2 description of symbols: (1) high pressure steam heating device, (2) medium pressure steam heater, (3) reheater, (4) high pressure steam generator, (5) high pressure steam reheater, (6) superheater, (7) medium pressure steam generator, (8) low pressure steam heater, (9) low-pressure steam generator.

In a word, this fine coal direct combustion integral combined circulating power generation system had both kept the advantage of gas-steam combined power generation system Gao Re-electrical efficiency, and had avoided the shortcoming of IGCC system, and native system does not have and CO certainly ₂The link of the rigidity of trapping system, under certain condition, with the ultra-supercritical boiler competitive advantage of generating electricity.

Embodiment

(1) built up IGCC integrated gasification combined cycle for power generation system, if economic technology high cost, can adopt the art of this patent to split, exactly the production system of a newly-built cover described smart combustion gas of this patent (working medium) is connected mutually with existing fuel gas-steam power generation system, to keep higher focus conversion efficiency.And the coal gasification apparatus that splits can independent operating, and builds the process units of a cover synthetic ammonia or synthesizing methanol etc., production of chemicals.Can increase economic efficiency like this, increase on-stream time, the overall investment amount is descended.

(2) integral combined circulating power generation system that can complete newly-built fine coal direct combustion, the economic scale of its construction can be about 200MW～400MW or are higher.

Claims

1. patent of the present invention requires to relate to a kind of fine coal direct combustion integral combined circulating power generation system, it is characterized in that adopting the graphitized carbon fibre filtering technique, and fine filtering is carried out in combustion gas to High Temperature High Pressure (normal pressure).

2. according to these claims article one, this patent requires can be provided with in the firing chamber the attached producing steam of (or not arranging) heat exchanging water pipe, primary combustion chamber can (also can) be cyclone-type, with multistage cyclone coarse separator integrated (or arranging respectively).

According to claims first and second, this patent require to adopt in the thick combustion gas before heat filtering and replenishes an amount of CH ₄, and having under catalyzer or the catalyst-free condition, (final remaining oxygen concentration is less than 0.1～5ppm), to guarantee that under oxygen free condition the operating temperature of celion filter can be for a long time under 2000 ℃ the complete after-flame of remaining oxygen amount in the combustion gas.

Remaining oxygen amount is generally below 5% the CH that is replenished in the thick combustion gas ₄Tolerance can be 120%～300% of remaining oxygen amount.To guarantee the remaining whole after-flames of oxygen in the thick combustion gas.

According to claims first, second and third, this patent can have (or not having) catalyzer combustion-supporting in the combustion clean room, catalyzer can be to be the particle stratiform, and catalytic active component can precious metal, rare earth metal, Ferrious material etc., also can be the mesh material of above-mentioned metal.It also can be the powder that catalytic activity is arranged, (catalytic activity being arranged such as pulverized fuel ash itself), when adopting netted and particle layered catalyst, catalysis combustion clean room is positioned over multistage executing after the wind coarse separator, when the powder that adopts the self-catalysis activity or pulverized fuel ash itself are made catalyzer, then fire clean room and be positioned over before the multistage cyclone coarse separator.

5. according to first, second, third and fourth this claim of claims, the use of celion filter can be carried out according to patent 2011202983165.The operating conditions of graphitized carbon fibre filter is P=0.1～8mp, T=1200～1400 ℃, and filter periodically adopts inert gas or CH ₄Blowback is to remove filter cake.

According to claims first, second, third and fourth, five, the condition that this patent requires the smart combustion gas of process heat filtering to enter gas turbine is P=0.1～8mp, an amount of pressurized air is added in T=1100～1400 ℃ or higher when entering gas turbine, make CH ₄Complete in the gas turbine internal combustion.

7. the fuel gas-steam power generation part of flow process, this patent does not have claim.