CN102978259A - Method for improving reducing sugar content of straws - Google Patents
Method for improving reducing sugar content of straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN102978259A CN102978259A CN2012105182986A CN201210518298A CN102978259A CN 102978259 A CN102978259 A CN 102978259A CN 2012105182986 A CN2012105182986 A CN 2012105182986A CN 201210518298 A CN201210518298 A CN 201210518298A CN 102978259 A CN102978259 A CN 102978259A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the reducing sugar content of straws. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing the straws, wherein the granularity of the crushed straws is 20-180 meshes; irradiating the straws, wherein the accelerative irradiation dose is 50-1000kGy and is 200-800kGy preferably, the radiation dose rate is 0.5kGy/h, and an irradiation source is a 60Co-gamma ray irradiation source; and carrying out enzymolysis on the straws, then soaking the straws subjected to enzymolysis in a water solution of alkali to obtain a mixed solution and placing the mixed solution at room temperature. The method disclosed by the invention has the unique advantages of being simple to operate and short in required processing time, remarkably increasing the sugar yield and being environmentally-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves the stalk reducing sugar content.
Background technology
Current, be accompanied by the fast development of industrial economy, traditional energy expenditure increases gradually.According to present exploitation and spending rate estimation, oil, Sweet natural gas and coal reserves can only be supplied the time of human decades.On the other hand, along with a large amount of uses of traditional energy, problem of environmental pollution is also more serious, and facing mankind the dual-pressure of shortage of resources and environmental pollution.In order to successfully manage this global difficult problem, increasing country throws sight in the development and utilization next (A.J.Ragauskas, 2006) of renewable energy source.
At present, the focus (J.A.Antonius, 2006) that biomass energy is large with its resource storage, advantage that use cleaning more and more becomes development.Estimate according to relevant department, future during the decade, the ratio regular meeting of renewable energy source in global energy is increasing, expectation can reach about 30%.Biomass energy mainly refers to biofuel, alcohol fuel, biogas etc. at present, at present, alcohol fuel is a kind of biomass energy of using and producing maximum, also is a kind of essential industry raw material (C.Martin, 2002) that the alternative ethene of market potential is arranged very much.Therefore, take the diversity biomass as the raw material production bio-ethanol, be the important means that solves the biological waste resource processed in China rural area, building a New Socialist Countryside, also be the important need that ensures social sustainable development.Mierocrystalline cellulose be distribute on the earth the widest, content is the abundantest, a kind of natural polysaccharide that can regenerate, Mierocrystalline cellulose be by the cellobiose repeating unit by β ?the polymer that is formed by connecting of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae D glycosidic link.Glucose in the Mierocrystalline cellulose belongs to β – D – Glucopyranose, because it contains a large amount of hydroxyls and forms easily in the molecule and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, make former macromolecular chain indissoluble, infusibility that should be hydrophilic, thereby limited its deep processing and the utilization of resources (Zhang Lina, 2005).Therefore improve cellulosic structure and character by specific treatment technology means, and then form and a kind ofly possess new biological nature superpolymer and have very important theory significance and economic worth.
Stalk is a kind of main component of lignocellulose material, and the technology that produces thing ethanol take stalk as raw material next life has seen report, and these technical matters mainly comprise three processes; Be the preprocessing process of stalk, the enzymic hydrolysis process of raw material, the process that biological fermentation is produced alcohol fuel.So far, in this technological process, also there are several relatively distinct issues, such as the microbial strains of too expensive pre-treatment expense, high conversion also relatively shortage, enzymolysis high cost etc.Integrate and say, the cost of preprocessing part will account for 1/3rd of whole processing cost.The complex construction of stalk and cellulosic crystallizing field are so that the effect of cellulase is restricted at present, and cellulase is difficult to enter wherein, and this has restricted effectively carrying out of bio-degradation reactions.Therefore, must carry out effective pre-treatment to it by various preprocessing means, use more method and comprise physics and method chemistry, these methods all will reach the precursor structure that destroys lignocellulose, the bonding state of separated fiber element and xylogen, hemicellulose, reduce cellulosic degree of crystallinity, increase the purpose of the porosity of stalk.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that improves the stalk reducing sugar content.
The method of raising stalk reducing sugar content provided by the invention comprises the steps: stalk is carried out irradiation.
In the described irradiation steps of aforesaid method, the accumulative total irradiation dose is 50-1000kGy, preferred 200-800kGy, more preferably 300-800kGy, be specially 200,300,500,800,1000,500-800,300-500,300-1000 or 200-500kGy, radiation dose rate is 0.5kGy/h, irradiation source
60Co – gamma-ray irradiation source.
Described method also comprises the steps:
Before described irradiation steps stalk is pulverized, the granularity of stalk is the 20-180 order after pulverizing, preferred 100 orders.
Described method also comprises the steps:
After described irradiation steps, with gained stalk enzymolysis.
In the described enzymolysis step, used enzyme is cellulase, and enzyme is lived and to be 1450-1500FPU/g, preferred 1472FPU/g, and this enzyme is lived and is defined as: at 37 ℃, the pH value is that the needed enzyme amount of per minute catalysis 1 μ mol Mierocrystalline cellulose is 1 enzyme activity unit under 5.5 the condition; Add-on is 10-70mg enzyme/g substrate, and preferred 50mg enzyme/g substrate, described substrate are products therefrom after processing according to preceding method; Temperature is 35-60 ℃, and preferred 50 ℃, the time is 6-72 hour, preferred 48 hours; The pH value is 4.0-5.2, preferred 4.8.
Described method also comprises the steps:
After described enzymolysis step, stalk is soaked in the aqueous solution of alkali.
Wherein, described alkali is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammoniacal liquor;
The mass percentage concentration of the aqueous solution of described alkali is 0.25%-10%, is specially 0.25-4% or 4% or 2% or 0.25-2% or 0.5-4% or 0.5-2% or 2-4% or 0.5% or 1% or 0.25-1% or 0.5-1% or 1-2%;
In the described soaking step, the time is 1-24 hour, preferred 10 hours, is specially 1-10 hour or 4-10 hour or 7-10 hour or 1 hour or 4 hours or 7 hours or 4-7 hour;
Described method also comprises the steps:
The aforementioned approaches method the institute in steps after, gained stalk room temperature is placed.
In the described placement step, the time is 0-30 days, preferred 16-20 days, and the time be not 0, be specially 16 days or 20 days or 4 days or 8 days or 12 days or 4-20 days or 8-20 days or 12-16 days or 12-20 days.
Aforesaid method is applicable to the stalk of various farm crop, and described farm crop are specially corn, wheat, paddy rice, cotton or sugarcane.
The method of raising stalk reducing sugar content provided by the invention has of short duration, obvious sugared rate and the eco-friendly unique advantage of improving to get of simple to operate, required treatment time.Effect of irradiation can change maize straw texture characteristic, and part Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose directly are degraded into small molecular sugar under effect of irradiation, causes that reducing sugar content increases in the material behind the irradiation.Effect of irradiation is in the space structure of wood fibre on the other hand, destroyed the crosslinking structure between Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose and the xylogen, be beneficial to cellulase and enter lignocellulose inside, enlarged and cellulosic contact area, thereby enzymolysis efficiency is improved.
Experimental result shows that higher dosage can obviously improve the content of maize straw reducing sugar, and behind 1000kGy dosage irradiation, the maize straw reducing sugar content has increased 78.07mg/g, and rate of increase is 317.35%.Irradiation and enzymolysis combination treatment have obvious synergistic effect, are crushed to the stalk of 0.150mm, and behind 1000kGy dosage irradiation, its reducing sugar enzymolysis yield is 20.51%.Find that simultaneously Post-Irradiation Effect produces sugar to the maize straw enzymolysis obvious impact is arranged, with the maize straw of 500kGy irradiation, Reducing sugar reaches maximum value behind its irradiation when 20d, and Reducing sugar has improved 13.68% with the prima facies ratio.Not obvious to the effect of maize straw enzymolysis Reducing sugar than low dose irradiation (0-200kGy); but can significantly reduce follow-up alkali and soak required consumption and time; with compare without irradiation; process concentration of lye and time respectively from 10% and 24h be reduced to 2% and 10h, this is significant to reducing cost and protection of the environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that irradiation dose is on the impact of maize straw reducing sugar content.
Fig. 2 is that the irradiation enzymolysis is on the impact of maize straw enzymolysis sugar yield.
Fig. 3 is that irradiation dose is on the impact of maize straw powder enzymolysis Reducing sugar.
Fig. 4 is that Post-Irradiation Effect is on the impact of maize straw enzymolysis sugar yield.
Fig. 5 is that irradiation and weak lye associated treatment are on the impact of maize straw enzymolysis sugar yield.
Fig. 6 is that the NaOH strength of solution is on the impact of Reducing sugar.
Fig. 7 is that percentage of grafting is on the impact of loading capacity.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Described method is ordinary method if no special instructions.Described starting material all can get from open commercial sources if no special instructions.
Following embodiment material therefor and reagent are as follows:
Maize straw picks up from the tested base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences crop;
Cellulase, traditional Chinese medicines Group Co.,Ltd;
Acetic acid, sodium acetate, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, sodium hydroxide etc. are analytical reagent.
Used laboratory apparatus is as follows:
Used irradiation source is Atomic Energy Utilization Inst. of China Agricultural Sciences Academy
60Co gamma-ray irradiation source, dose rate are 0.5kGy/h, and absorption dose all adopts silver dichromate (Ag
2Cr
2O7) quantimeter is demarcated, and quantimeter and china institute of metrology are compared (NDAS), error＜± 3%.
Electronic balance: Shanghai precision instrumentation company limited;
Infrared spectrometer: BRUKER TENSOR37;
Water-bath constant temperature oscillator: THZ-82A type;
Ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer: Beijing Puxi General Instrument Co., Ltd, T6 type.
In the infrared scan, the model of used infrared spectrometer is BRUKER TENSOR37, and the KBr pressed disc method is at 4000cm
-1～600cm
-1Interval scanning.
The mensuration of Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, content of lignin is all according to such as Publication about Document (Wang Yuwan in the maize straw, Xu Wenyu. the quantitative analysis procedure [J] of hemicellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen in the lignocellulose solid substrate fermented product. the microbiology circular, 2002,14 (2): 81-84)) method in is carried out.
The measuring method of reducing sugar content is as follows in the maize straw: take by weighing maize straw 1g, in the 100mL triangular flask, add 50mL distilled water.Triangular flask is placed water-bath constant temperature oscillator, and set temperature is that 50 ℃, rotating speed are 120r/min, and centrifuging and taking supernatant liquor behind the water extraction 12h is measured its reducing sugar content.If 3 groups parallel.Reducing sugar yield refers to that the quality of the reducing sugar that obtains through water extraction accounts for the per-cent of substrate quality.
Embodiment 1,
1, irradiation dose is on the impact of maize straw enzymolysis sugar yield
Concrete grammar is:
The raw material stalk is cut into 1cm length is convenient to be sub-packed in the 500ml sealed glass jars behind the segment stalk of irradiation, at room temperature carry out irradiation.Irradiation dose is respectively 0,50,100,200,300,500,800 and 1000kGy.Source strength is 5.9 * 1015Bq, and dose rate is 0.5kGy/h.
Gained various dose irradiation affects result such as Fig. 1 to structure, character and the reducing sugar component content of maize straw.
As shown in Figure 1, maize straw is behind irradiation, and there are several region of variation in its reducing sugar content.When radiation dose 0-100kGy, Reducing sugar has slight decline; When radiation dose was 100-300kGy, reducing sugar content slowly increased; When irradiation dose was 300-800kGy, reducing sugar content increased apparent in view; When irradiation dose continuation increase reached 800-1000kGy, reducing sugar content continued to increase, and eases up but advance the speed.Behind the maize straw process 1000kGy irradiation, maize straw reducing sugar content compared with the control rate of increase is 317.35%.
2, irradiation and enzymolysis Combined Processing are on the impact of maize straw reducing sugar content
Concrete grammar is:
1) the raw material stalk is cut into 1cm length and is convenient to be sub-packed in the 500ml sealed glass jars behind the segment stalk of irradiation, at room temperature carry out irradiation.Irradiation dose is respectively 0,50,100,200,300,500,800 and 1000kGy.Source strength is 5.9 * 1015Bq, and dose rate is 0.5kGy/h.
2) step 1) gained irradiation product is carried out enzymolysis again, used enzyme is cellulase, and enzyme concentration 50mg/g substrate (this substrate also is the stalk behind the irradiation), enzyme are lived and be 1472FPU/g, and temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 48 hours, and the pH value is 4.8.
Gained irradiation and enzymolysis Combined Processing the results are shown in Figure 2 to the impact of maize straw reducing sugar content.
As shown in Figure 2, when dosage during less than 300kGy, Changes of Reducing Sugar Content is slow; When dosage during greater than 300kGy, Changes of Reducing Sugar Content is remarkable, and irradiation and enzymic hydrolysis have shown good synergistic effect, and such as the maize straw behind 1000kGy irradiation, its irradiation enzymolysis Reducing sugar improves 7.70mg/g than independent irradiation and enzymolysis Reducing sugar sum.In addition, when 300-800kGy, rate of curve is larger, and Reducing sugar improves very fast; When irradiation dose continued to increase, rate of curve slowed down to some extent.
3, the variation of stalk powder irradiation enzymolysis Reducing sugar
Concrete grammar is:
1) will pulverize with pulverizer as the stalk of raw material after, select desired particle size with 100 mesh standard sieves;
2) stalk after the pulverizing of step 1) gained is sub-packed in the 500ml sealed glass jars, at room temperature carries out irradiation.Irradiation dose is respectively 0,50,100,200,300,500,800 and 1000kGy.Source strength is 5.9 * 1015Bq, and dose rate is 0.5kGy/h.
3) with step 2) the gained irradiation product carries out enzymolysis again, and used enzyme is cellulase, and enzyme concentration 50mg/g substrate (this substrate also is the stalk behind the irradiation), enzyme are lived and are 1472FPU/g, and temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 48 hours, and the pH value is 4.8.
The gained stalk powder is seen Fig. 3 to the result of variations of irradiation enzymolysis Reducing sugar.
As shown in Figure 3, maize straw is after pulverization process, and its reducing sugar enzymolysis yield is consistent when not pulverizing with the Changing Pattern of irradiation dose, but Reducing sugar is higher.With compare when pulverizing, the stalk after the pulverizing is behind 1000kGy dosage irradiation, its reducing sugar enzymolysis yield has brought up to 20.51% by 16.78%.The collaborative pre-treatment of pulverizing and enzymolysis is better than single pulverizing and enzymolysis processing effect sum.As seen, the size of raw material granularity is produced sugar to enzymolysis considerable influence, and granularity is thinner, and the surface-area that contacts with enzyme is just more, will be more conducive to the carrying out of enzyme digestion reaction.
4, Post-Irradiation Effect is on the impact of maize straw enzymolysis sugar yield
After irradiation finished, the phenomenon that Mierocrystalline cellulose can continue to degrade within a certain period of time was called the ultimate effect of radiation degradation.
Concrete grammar is:
1) will pulverize with pulverizer as the stalk of raw material after, select desired particle size with 100 mesh standard sieves;
2) stalk after the pulverizing of step 1) gained is sub-packed in the 500ml sealed glass jars, at room temperature carries out irradiation.Irradiation dose is respectively 200,300,500kGy.Source strength is 5.9 * 1015Bq, and dose rate is 0.5kGy/h.
3) with step 2) the gained irradiation product carries out enzymolysis again, and used enzyme is cellulase, and enzyme concentration 50mg/g substrate (this substrate also is the stalk behind the irradiation), enzyme are lived and are 1472FPU/g, and temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 48 hours, and the pH value is 4.8.
Will be through above-mentioned steps 1)-3) stalk after processing measures the changing conditions of its reducing sugar content every certain storage fate, and the time dependent situation of its reducing sugar content is seen Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 4, along with the variation of irradiation storage fate, sample enzymolysis Reducing sugar improves gradually, and reduces gradually again after reaching maximum.With the prima facies ratio, through 200 and 300kGy dosage irradiation after stalk, maximum value appearred in about the 16th day that finishes at irradiation, about 20 days maximum value appears through the stalk of 500kGy irradiation.Take the 500kGy irradiation dose as example, maximum Reducing sugar is 113.68% of initial value behind its irradiation.
After finishing, radiation also exists radiation crosslinking reaction and radiation degradation effect, this experimental result shows that the initial for some time after radiation, the cleavage reaction of long chain molecule is better than crosslinking reaction, so that the enhancing of Mierocrystalline cellulose Radiation effect, thereby improved Reducing sugar.Along with the continuation of sample shelf-time is passed, crosslinking reaction will be better than cleavage reaction gradually, thereby cause Reducing sugar to reduce.The cellulosic rear DeR of irradiation and time correlation.
5, NaOH processes the impact of different irradiation dose stalk cellulose enzymic hydrolysiss being produced sugar
Concrete grammar is:
1) will pulverize with pulverizer as the stalk of raw material after, select desired particle size with 100 mesh standard sieves;
2) stalk after the pulverizing of step 1) gained is sub-packed in the 500ml sealed glass jars, at room temperature carries out irradiation.Irradiation dose is respectively 50,100,200,300,500,800 and 1000kGy.Source strength is 5.9 * 1015Bq, and dose rate is 0.5kGy/h.
3) with step 2) the gained irradiation product carries out enzymolysis again, and used enzyme is cellulase, and enzyme concentration 50mg/g substrate (this substrate also is the stalk behind the irradiation), enzyme are lived and are 1472FPU/g, and temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 48 hours, and the pH value is 4.8.
4) with the step 3) products therefrom in 2%NaOH solution soaking 24h, soak solid-to-liquid ratio m (g): V(ml)=1:10, soak rear with the centrifugal 10min of 4000r/min, residue is separated with alkali extract, in residue, add the 250ml washed with de-ionized water, the rear hydrochloric acid with 1:10 that stirs is neutralized to neutrality, the repeated centrifugation separable programming.The multiplexing washed with de-ionized water of each sample counterpoise, centrifugation 3 times, residue is in lyophilize 2d.
The impact that gained NaOH processes different irradiation dose stalk cellulose enzymic hydrolysiss product sugar the results are shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 5, maize straw is after irradiation is processed with the NaOH solution soaking again, and its enzymolysis reducing sugar content with without the NaOH immersion treatment time (Fig. 1) has been compared and significantly improved.Under 50-200kGy dosage, Reducing sugar is advanced the speed comparatively fast, gathers way under higher dosage slowly.Stalk behind the 200kGy irradiation, its Reducing sugar has reached 38.77% after NaOH soaks, and is more taller than the stalk Reducing sugar after the single processing of 1000kGy irradiation.Through 1000kGy irradiation and the collaborative pretreated maize straw of NaOH, its enzymolysis reducing sugar content has reached 63.28%, process (19.19%) sum far above single radiation treatment (20.51%) and NaOH, show that irradiation and NaOH immersion treatment have synergistic effect clearly.As seen maize straw is after the irradiation pre-treatment, by the firsts and seconds degraded of free yl induction its structure and chemical constitution changed, and such as the reduction of cellulosic degree of polymerization, these variations will be conducive to that alkali infiltrates and the performance of solvency action.After alkali soaks, because alkali can reduce xylogen to the protection of cellulase hydrolysis to the dissolving of xylogen in the material component and hemicellulose.
6, the NaOH strength of solution is produced the impact of sugar on cellulase hydrolysis
Concrete grammar is:
1) will pulverize with pulverizer as the stalk of raw material after, select desired particle size with 100 mesh standard sieves;
2) stalk after the pulverizing of step 1) gained is sub-packed in the 500ml sealed glass jars, at room temperature carries out irradiation.Irradiation dose is respectively 50,100,200,300,500,800 and 1000kGy.Source strength is 5.9 * 1015Bq, and dose rate is 0.5kGy/h.
3) with step 2) the gained irradiation product carries out enzymolysis again, and used enzyme is cellulase, and enzyme concentration 50mg/g substrate (this substrate also is the stalk behind the irradiation), enzyme are lived and are 1472FPU/g, and temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 48 hours, and the pH value is 4.8.
4) with the step 3) products therefrom respectively at 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%NaOH solution in soak 24h, soak solid-to-liquid ratio m (g): V(ml)=1:10, soak rear with the centrifugal 10min of 4000r/min, residue is separated with alkali extract, in residue, add the 250ml washed with de-ionized water, the rear hydrochloric acid with 1:10 that stirs is neutralized to neutrality, the repeated centrifugation separable programming.The multiplexing washed with de-ionized water of each sample counterpoise, centrifugation 3 times, residue is in lyophilize 2d.
Gained NaOH strength of solution the results are shown in Figure 6 to the impact that cellulase hydrolysis produces sugar.
In addition with the raw material stalk according to as above carry out step 2) the radiation treatment products therefrom in contrast.
As shown in Figure 6, for first through the stalk of 200kGy irradiation, again with the NaOH solution-treated of concentration from 0.25% to 4%, Reducing sugar significantly improves, when the NaOH strength of solution was 4%, Reducing sugar was 60.73%, when being the 0.25%NaOH solution soaking 15.23% 4 times.Continue to increase the concentration of alkaline solution, Reducing sugar has slow decreasing.This shows that the suitable NaOH strength of solution of the maize straw behind 200kGy irradiation is 4%.Be 52.38% through its Reducing sugar after 2%NaOH soaks of the maize straw behind the 200kGy irradiation, its Reducing sugar is than the Reducing sugar 41.56% of irradiation sample is also not high with the 10%NaOH solution soaking.This shows that maize straw can significantly reduce the required concentration of follow-up NaOH solution soaking first with than behind the low dose irradiation.Process the not maize straw of irradiation with the NaOH solution soaking, rapid development when its Reducing sugar is lower than 1% in the NaOH strength of solution, when continuing to be enlarged to 10%, the rate of growth of Reducing sugar slows down.
7, the NaOH solution soaking time is produced the impact of sugar on cellulase hydrolysis
Concrete grammar is:
1) will pulverize with pulverizer as the stalk of raw material after, select desired particle size with 100 mesh standard sieves;
2) stalk after the pulverizing of step 1) gained is sub-packed in the 500ml sealed glass jars, at room temperature carries out irradiation.Irradiation dose is respectively 200kGy.Source strength is 5.9 * 1015Bq, and dose rate is 0.5kGy/h.
3) with step 2) the gained irradiation product carries out enzymolysis again, and used enzyme is cellulase, and enzyme concentration 50mg/g substrate (this substrate also is the stalk behind the irradiation), enzyme are lived and are 1472FPU/g, and temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 48 hours, and the pH value is 4.8.
4) with the step 3) products therefrom respectively at soaking respectively 1,4,7,10,14,18 and 24h in the 2%NaOH solution, soak solid-to-liquid ratio m (g): V(ml)=1:10, soak rear with the centrifugal 10min of 4000r/min, residue is separated with alkali extract, in residue, add the 250ml washed with de-ionized water, the rear hydrochloric acid with 1:10 that stirs is neutralized to neutrality, the repeated centrifugation separable programming.The multiplexing washed with de-ionized water of each sample counterpoise, centrifugation 3 times, residue is in lyophilize 2d.
In addition with the raw material stalk according to as above not carrying out the irradiation products therefrom in contrast.
The gained NaOH solution soaking time the results are shown in Figure 7 to the impact that cellulase hydrolysis produces sugar.
As shown in Figure 7, with the NaOH solution soaking pre-treatment maize straw of irradiation not, along with the prolongation of soak time, Reducing sugar increases obviously, its Reducing sugar is increased to 31.98% of 24h from soaking 13.29% of 1h, shows that the proper extension NaOH solution soaking time can improve Reducing sugar.And for the stalk of using first behind the 200kGy irradiation, the reaction such as the dissolving of rising of soaking of NaOH solution reaches capacity in 10h substantially, and it is little on the impact that improves Reducing sugar to continue to prolong soak time.This shows, with 2%NaOH solution soaking at room temperature and through the maize straw of 200kGy irradiation, better soak time is 10h, its Reducing sugar 48.34%, than the Reducing sugar of irradiation sample 24h (31.98%) is also not high with the 2%NaOH solution soaking, show that maize straw uses first than behind the low dose irradiation, can significantly shorten the follow-up required time of NaOH solution soaking.
Experiment conclusion
Effect of irradiation can change maize straw texture characteristic, and part Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose directly are degraded into small molecular sugar under effect of irradiation, causes that reducing sugar content increases in the material behind the irradiation.Effect of irradiation is in the space structure of wood fibre on the other hand, destroyed the crosslinking structure between Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose and the xylogen, be beneficial to cellulase and enter lignocellulose inside, enlarged and cellulosic contact area, thereby enzymolysis efficiency is improved.
Experimental result shows that higher dosage can obviously improve the content of maize straw reducing sugar, and behind 1000kGy dosage irradiation, the maize straw reducing sugar content has increased 78.07mg/g, and rate of increase is 317.35%.Irradiation and enzymolysis combination treatment have obvious synergistic effect, are crushed to the stalk of 0.150mm, and behind 1000kGy dosage irradiation, its reducing sugar enzymolysis yield is 20.51%.Find that simultaneously Post-Irradiation Effect produces sugar to the maize straw enzymolysis obvious impact is arranged, with the maize straw of 500kGy irradiation, Reducing sugar reaches maximum value behind its irradiation when 20d, and Reducing sugar has improved 13.68% with the prima facies ratio.Not obvious to the effect of maize straw enzymolysis Reducing sugar than low dose irradiation (0-200kGy); but can significantly reduce follow-up alkali and soak required consumption and time; with compare without irradiation; process concentration of lye and time respectively from 10% and 24h be reduced to 2% and 10h, this is significant to reducing cost and protection of the environment.
Claims (10)
1. a method that improves the stalk reducing sugar content comprises the steps: stalk is carried out irradiation.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described irradiation steps, the accumulative total irradiation dose is 50-1000kGy, preferred 200-800kGy, and radiation dose rate is 0.5kGy/h, irradiation source
60Co – gamma-ray irradiation source.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
Described method also comprises the steps:
Before described irradiation steps stalk is pulverized, the granularity of stalk is the 20-180 order after pulverizing, preferred 100 orders.
4. arbitrary described method according to claim 1-3 is characterized in that:
Described method also comprises the steps:
After described irradiation steps, with gained stalk enzymolysis.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in the described enzymolysis step, used enzyme is cellulase, enzyme is lived and is 1450-1500FPU/g, preferred 1472FPU/g; Add-on is 10-70mg enzyme/g substrate, preferred 50mg enzyme/g substrate, and described substrate is described radiation treatment products therefrom; Temperature is 35-60 ℃, and preferred 50 ℃, the time is 6-72 hour, preferred 48 hours; The pH value is 4.0-5.2, preferred 4.8.
6. it is characterized in that according to claim 4 or 5 described methods:
Described method also comprises the steps:
After described enzymolysis step, stalk is soaked in the aqueous solution of alkali.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described alkali is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammoniacal liquor;
The mass percentage concentration of the aqueous solution of described alkali is 0.25%-10%;
In the described soaking step, the time is 1-24 hour, preferred 10 hours.
8. arbitrary described method according to claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described method also comprises the steps:
The arbitrary described method of claim 1-7 the institute in steps after, gained stalk room temperature is placed.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: in the described placement step, the time is 0-28 days, preferred 16-20 days, and the time be not 0.
10. arbitrary described method according to claim 1-9, it is characterized in that: described stalk is the stalk of farm crop, and described farm crop are specially corn, wheat, paddy rice, cotton or sugarcane.
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| CN103750500A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Sweet sorghum straw irradiation biological storage method |
| CN106566854A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-19 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Method for increasing reducing sugar content of straws |
| CN109609573A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A method of improving the enzyme hydrolysis efficiency of lignocellulosic |
| CN116253925A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-13 | 西南科技大学 | Gradient irradiation modification method for cotton waste |
| CN116476191A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-07-25 | 华中农业大学 | Method for treating solid straw by combining calcium hydroxide and electron beam irradiation |
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| CN103750500A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Sweet sorghum straw irradiation biological storage method |
| CN106566854A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-19 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Method for increasing reducing sugar content of straws |
| CN109609573A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A method of improving the enzyme hydrolysis efficiency of lignocellulosic |
| CN116253925A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-13 | 西南科技大学 | Gradient irradiation modification method for cotton waste |
| CN116476191A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-07-25 | 华中农业大学 | Method for treating solid straw by combining calcium hydroxide and electron beam irradiation |
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