CN102960544A - Ensiling feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ensiling feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102960544A CN102960544A CN2012105249238A CN201210524923A CN102960544A CN 102960544 A CN102960544 A CN 102960544A CN 2012105249238 A CN2012105249238 A CN 2012105249238A CN 201210524923 A CN201210524923 A CN 201210524923A CN 102960544 A CN102960544 A CN 102960544A
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- ramie
- ensilage
- ensiling
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- accessory substance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ensiling feed and a preparation method thereof. The ensiling feed disclosed by the invention is obtained by taking ramie immature leaves obtained by stripping ramie, and ramie bones as main raw materials through ensiling. The preparation method of the ensiling feed disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: taking the ramie immature leaves obtained by stripping the ramie, and the ramie bones as the main raw materials to be uniformly mixed with an ensiling raw material or white sugar; controlling the total water content to be 50-70% and the sugar content to 0.5-1.5% to obtain a mixed material, wherein the ensiling raw material is one of four materials including corn straws, bagasse, peanut shell powder and corn powder; bundling the mixed material and covering a film; and placing at a dry part at a temperature of 20-35 DEG C for 25-40 days to obtain the ensiling feed. According to the ensiling feed and the preparation method thereof, byproducts obtained by stripping the ramie of the ramie can be effectively treated so as to avoid traditional discarding and combustion; and any acid-alkali reagent does not need to be used and the raw materials do not need to be separated, so that the production cost is low, the pollution to an environment is reduced and the circulated utilization of agricultural byproducts is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ensilage and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Ramie is Urticaceae Section of Genus Boehmeria perennial root herbaceous plant.Ramie ultimate fibre length is 60～250 mm, is the longest in the crudefiber crop; Ditch shape cavity is arranged, the tube wall concrete dynamic modulus between the fiber.Ramee is elongated, tough and tensile, quality is light, moisture absorption is loose wet fast, thereby gas permeability is higher about 3 times than cotton fiber, simultaneously ramee contain give repeated exhortations, the compositions such as pyrimidine, purine, the pathogens such as staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli there is in various degree inhibition, have the functions such as anticorrosion, fungi-proofing, mildew-resistant, all kinds of health care products of suitable weaving, therefore ramee has the good wearability of wearing, be a kind of good textile raw material, be acknowledged as " king of natural fiber ".Ramie is the characteristic fibre crops of China, is described as " China's grass ".China's ramie planting area and output all occupy first place in the world, and output reaches ten thousand tons.Ramie is herbaceos perennial, and plantation in a year can be gathered in the crops 20 years continuously, can gather in the crops 3 times in 1 year, and biological yield is huge.The ramie bast fiber that textile industry utilizes only accounts for 5% of total fresh weight, and a large amount of accessory substances such as the remaining leaf of decorticator decorticating, epidermis and boon account for 95%.It is large that machine is shelled numb accessory substance moisture content, and ramie results processing temperature in season is high simultaneously, rainwater is many, and untimely processing is perishable rotten, present most of ramie accessory substance all abandons as discarded object, rationally do not utilized, caused huge waste, yet not environmental protection.
Ramie accessory substance protein content is high, lower, the various amino acid content of lignin is abundant, and contains tannin in the ramie, can improve the utilization rate of protein in the ramie feed, is the good feed resource of ruminant therefore.But more thick and stiff, the remaining coma of boon is large in the undressed accessory substance, and palatability is poor; And perishable rotten, thereby hindered its reasonable utilization.
Ensiling is greenfeed storage art technology.Ensilage adopts fresh harvesting, contains the crop products (fodder maize), byproduct (corn stalk, wheat straw, melon seedling) of a certain amount of sugar, and herbage (clover) etc. is raw material.Raw material is cut into 2～4 centimetres length, and the soft person of the many quality of moisture content can be slightly long, and hard person is slightly short for the few quality of moisture content.Can with various raw material mixing preparations, be advisable with moisture content 55～70%.Deployed raw material closely is filled in horizental silo/trench silo, special plastic bag or the nonvolatil silage tower and sealing, wherein prescinds and rubs alternative with blend step also available kneading machine.Ripe ensilage color is dark green to dark green, and the quality softness is moistening, can preserve about 1 year.General ensiling is by the natural lactobacillus-fermented in raw material surface.But also use sometimes man-made additive to regulate, such as forced fermentations such as lactic acid bacteria, amylase, formaldehyde, salt come stopping fermentation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of ensilage and preparation method thereof is provided.
Ensilage provided by the invention to shell the rear remaining ramie leaf of fiber crops, boon as main material, obtains by ensiling.
The preparation method of ensilage provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
A. to shell the rear remaining ramie leaf of fiber crops, boon as main material, mix with ensiling raw material or white sugar, controlling total moisture content is 50%～70%, and sugar content is 0.5%～1.5%, gets compound;
B. the compound that step a is obtained breaks into round bale with the ensilage machine for forming cylindrical bale;
C. the round bale that step b is obtained is placed on the ensiling coating machine with 2～5 layers of sealing of film coating;
D. the round bale that will wrap film places dry place, places 25～40 days under 20～35 ℃ of temperature, gets ensilage.
As preparation method's of the present invention further improvement, described ensiling raw material is maize straw, account for ramie accessory substance quality 15%～25% bagasse, account for 20%～30% peanut hull meal of ramie accessory substance quality and account for a kind of in 2%～4% the corn flour of ramie accessory substance quality; The described film of step b is the special-purpose stretched film of ensiling.
As preparation method's of the present invention further improvement, the moisture content of the described compound of step a is 60%, and the number of plies of the described ensiling film of step c coating is 3 layers.
Ensilage provided by the invention to shell the rear remaining ramie leaf of fiber crops, boon as main material, obtains by ensiling.This ensilage good palatability, long shelf-life need not use any acid-base reagent, need not raw material is separated, and production cost is low.The preparation method of ensilage provided by the invention, the machine for forming cylindrical bale that relates to during preparation, coating machine all are conventional silage equipment.Preparation method of the present invention can effectively process accessory substance and the maize straw behind the ramie stripping fiber crops, has avoided traditional way that abandons and burn, and has reduced the pollution to environment, has realized the utilization of resources of agricultural and sideline product, more is conducive to economic sustainable development; Adopt the special-purpose stretched film sealing of ensiling can also guarantee stricter anaerobic environment, guaranteed the quality of ensilage, prolong storage life.
The specific embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below be explained with embodiment.Need to prove that following examples only as enumerating, should not be considered as the restriction to scope of the present invention.
The ramie accessory substances such as remaining ramie leaf, boon are through airing behind the embodiment 1 stripping fiber crops, mix with maize straw through rubbing again, get compound, and the compound moisture content is 50%; Compound is broken into round bale with the ensilage machine for forming cylindrical bale; Round bale is placed on the ensiling coating machine with 2 layers of sealing of film coating; The round bale that to wrap again film places dry place, places 40 days under 20～24 ℃ of temperature, gets ensilage, it is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 20% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, search for food, have no adverse reaction, Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
The ramie accessory substances such as remaining ramie leaf, boon mix with the maize straw that prescinds to 2～3 centimetre lengths through airing again behind the embodiment 2 stripping fiber crops, get compound, and the compound moisture content is 60%; Compound is broken into round bale with the ensilage machine for forming cylindrical bale, the heavily about 50kg of every bundle; Round bale is placed on the ensiling coating machine with 3 layers of sealing of film coating; The round bale that to wrap again film places dry place, places 30 days under 25～29 ℃ of temperature, gets ensilage, it is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 15% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, search for food, have no adverse reaction, Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
The ramie accessory substances such as remaining ramie leaf, boon mix with maize straw through rubbing behind the embodiment 3 stripping fiber crops, get compound, and the compound moisture content is 70%; Compound is broken into round bale with the ensilage machine for forming cylindrical bale, the heavily about 50kg of every bundle; Round bale is placed on the ensiling coating machine with 5 layers of sealing of film coating; The round bale that to wrap again film places dry place, places 25 days under 30～35 ℃ of temperature, gets this ensilage of ensilage and opens that color is blackish green behind the bag, acid fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 10% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, have no adverse reaction, Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 4 as different from Example 1, described maize straw replaces with 15% the bagasse that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and bagasse are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 15% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 5 as different from Example 2, described maize straw replaces with 20% the bagasse that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and bagasse are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 12% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 6 as different from Example 3, described maize straw replaces with 25% the bagasse that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and bagasse are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 10% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 7 as different from Example 1, described maize straw replaces with 20% the peanut hull meal that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and peanut hull meal are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 10% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 8 as different from Example 2, described maize straw replaces with 25% the peanut hull meal that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and peanut hull meal are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 12% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 9 as different from Example 3, described maize straw replaces with 30% the peanut hull meal that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and peanut hull meal are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 10% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 10 as different from Example 1, described maize straw replaces with 2% the corn flour that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and corn flour are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 15% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 11 as different from Example 2, described maize straw replaces with 3% the corn flour that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and corn flour are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 15% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 12 as different from Example 3, described maize straw replaces with 4% the corn flour that accounts for ramie accessory substance quality; Again ramie accessory substance and corn flour are mixed.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 20% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 13 as different from Example 1, described maize straw replaces with white sugar, controlling total sugar content is 0.5%; Ramie accessory substance and white sugar are mixed, the coating film is the special-purpose stretched film of ensiling again.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 15% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 14 as different from Example 2, described maize straw replaces with white sugar, controlling total sugar content is 1.0%; Ramie accessory substance and white sugar are mixed, the coating film is the special-purpose stretched film of ensiling again.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and measuring its PH is 4.2, crude protein content 14%, content of cellulose 29%; Ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 15% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, search for food, have no adverse reaction, Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Embodiment 15 as different from Example 3, described maize straw replaces with white sugar, controlling total sugar content is 1.5%; Ramie accessory substance and white sugar are mixed, the coating film is the special-purpose stretched film of ensiling again.It is blackish green that this ensilage is opened the rear color of bag, and sour fragrance flavor is strong, and ensilage is rubbed rear replacement 20% feeding with fodder concentrate beef cattle, searches for food, and has no adverse reaction, and Beef Cattle Growth speed is fast.
Above embodiment shows, is the good feed of the ruminant such as beef cattle with the ensilage of preparation method's preparation of the present invention, can replace the part concentrated feed.
Claims (6)
1. an ensilage to shell the rear remaining ramie leaf of fiber crops, boon as main material, obtains by ensiling.
2. the preparation method of an ensilage as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A. to shell the rear remaining ramie leaf of fiber crops, boon as main material, mix with ensiling raw material or white sugar, controlling total moisture content is 50%～70%, and sugar content is 0.5%～1.5%, gets compound;
B. the compound that step a is obtained breaks into round bale with the ensilage machine for forming cylindrical bale;
C. the round bale that step b is obtained is placed on the ensiling coating machine with 2～5 layers of sealing of film coating;
D. the round bale that will wrap film places dry place, places 25～40 days under 20～35 ℃ of temperature, gets ensilage.
3. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described ensiling raw material is maize straw, account for ramie accessory substance quality 15%～25% bagasse, account for 20%～30% peanut hull meal of ramie accessory substance quality and account for a kind of in 2%～4% the corn flour of ramie accessory substance quality.
4. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the described film of step b is the special-purpose stretched film of ensiling.
5. such as the preparation method of the described ensilage of one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that: the moisture content of the described compound of step a is 60%.
6. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the described coating number of plies of step c is 3 layers.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN2012105249238A CN102960544A (en) | 2012-12-10 | 2012-12-10 | Ensiling feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN2012105249238A CN102960544A (en) | 2012-12-10 | 2012-12-10 | Ensiling feed and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103798555A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-05-21 | 济南润旺生物科技有限公司 | Ensilage grass storage method |
| CN103892127A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-02 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Ramie feed for beef cattle fattening period and processing method thereof |
| CN104171301A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-12-03 | 南宁学院 | Manufacture method of silage |
| CN105851534A (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2016-08-17 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method for fermented feed by using bagasse and molasses alcohol waste mash |
| CN105901309A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Making method of ramie and whole-plant corn mixed silage |
| CN105901308A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Making method of ramie and corn flour mixed silage |
| CN105995040A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | Mixed silage method of ramie and corn straw |
| CN108850544A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-23 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of plantation of safe utilization is in the method for the fibre ramie by-product of cadmium pollution soil |
| CN112754046A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-07 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798555A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-05-21 | 济南润旺生物科技有限公司 | Ensilage grass storage method |
| CN103892127A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-02 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Ramie feed for beef cattle fattening period and processing method thereof |
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| CN104171301A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-12-03 | 南宁学院 | Manufacture method of silage |
| CN105851534A (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2016-08-17 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method for fermented feed by using bagasse and molasses alcohol waste mash |
| CN105851534B (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2018-06-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method that fermented feed is prepared using bagasse, molasses alcohol waste mash |
| CN105901309A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Making method of ramie and whole-plant corn mixed silage |
| CN105901308A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Making method of ramie and corn flour mixed silage |
| CN105995040A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | Mixed silage method of ramie and corn straw |
| CN108850544A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-23 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of plantation of safe utilization is in the method for the fibre ramie by-product of cadmium pollution soil |
| CN112754046A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-07 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130313 |