CN102928303A

CN102928303A - Fatigue test device of metal materials

Info

Publication number: CN102928303A
Application number: CN2012104854505A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王黎明; 吴建军; 吴雷; 苏荔
Original assignee: Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry
Current assignee: Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry
Priority date: 2012-11-26
Filing date: 2012-11-26
Publication date: 2013-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-26
Also published as: CN102928303B

Abstract

The invention provides a fatigue test device of metal materials. The fatigue test device comprises a stressing system, a rotating system and a speed measuring system, wherein the rotating system comprises a bracket and a motor; a U-shaped groove which extends forwards and backwards and a circular through hole which extends leftwards and rightwards are formed in the bracket; the circular through hole penetrates through the U-shaped groove; a main shaft which penetrates through the circular through hole is arranged in a sliding bearing; a main shaft belt pulley is arranged inside the U-shaped groove around the main shaft; a motor belt pulley is connected with the motor; the belt pulley is wound on the main shaft belt pulley and the motor belt pulley; the speed measuring system is arranged on the right side of the bracket and comprises a photoelectric sensor; and the stressing system is arranged on the left side of the bracket and positioned below a main shaft axis. By utilizing the fatigue test device of metal materials, provided by the invention, the fatigue property of a test piece can be researched by simulating the alternating stress state of a metal product under a practical operation condition, and thus the fatigue test device has the characteristics of high reliability, good stability and high measurement precision.

Description

The fatigue experimental device of metal material

Technical field

The invention belongs to fatigue performance testing device, be specially a kind of fatigue experimental device of metal material.

Background technology

Fatigue is to cause one of destroyed principal element of metal works, and bearing has 50% ~ 90% to be fatigure failure in the destruction workpiece of dynamic loading.Metal material because certain point or some point produce local nonvolatil structural change, forms crackle or fracture after certain cycle index under the effect that is subject to alterante stress, will cause fatigure failure.Fatigure failure has very large emergentness, must be prevented in advance.

For High Rotation Speed class machinery, its fatigue belongs to intermediate and high cycle fatigue problems, need to study its fatigue behaviour by test.If directly carry out fatigue behaviour research with product, the test period is long, expense is high, so the fatigue behaviour study general only adopts special test method to the parts of being concerned about.

Summary of the invention

For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of fatigue experimental device of metal material.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of fatigue experimental device of metal material comprises the afterburner system, rotation system and the velocity-measuring system that set gradually; Rotation system comprises support, motor, the U-lag that before and after support is provided with, extends and about the manhole that extends, and manhole runs through U-lag; The main shaft that penetrates manhole is located in the sliding bearing, is provided with spindle pulley around main shaft in U-lag, is connected with motor pulley on the motor, and belt is wrapped on spindle pulley and the motor pulley; Velocity-measuring system is positioned at the right side of support, comprises photoelectric sensor; Afterburner system is positioned at left side, the main-shaft axis below of support, comprise vertical installation forcing shaft, be fixed on the top of forcing shaft top and the force cell that sets gradually around forcing shaft, spiral dial gauge from top to bottom.

Described main shaft is a round tube, and center section is positioned at manhole and U-lag, and stretch out outside the manhole at two ends, and an end is provided with collet chuck, and the other end is provided with the chuck pull bar, and in spindle tube, the chuck pull bar entangles collet chuck.

The horizontal groove that extends about also being provided with on the described support, laterally groove is positioned at the below of U-lag, laterally is being provided with the guide rail that can move freely in the groove, and the other end of guide rail is fixedly connected with photoelectric sensor.

The fatigue experimental device of metal material provided by the present invention can come the fatigue behaviour of test specimen is studied by suffered alterante stress state under the simulation metal product actual motion condition, has reliability height, good stability, characteristics that measuring accuracy is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereographic map of the fatigue experimental device of metal material of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view Amplified image of support;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of afterburner system;

Wherein:

1 pedestal, 2 supports, 3 main shafts

4U shape groove 5 chuck pull bars 6 collet chucks

7 sliding bearings, 8 spindle pulleys, 9 horizontal grooves

10 belts, 11 motor pulleys, 12 motors

13 guide rails, 14 photoelectric sensors, 15 afterburner systems

16 forcing shafts, 17 top 18 force cells

19 clamp nuts, 20 spiral dial gauges, 21 test specimens.

Embodiment

Below, by reference to the accompanying drawings the fatigue experimental device of metal material of the present invention is described further:

As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of fatigue experimental device of metal material comprises the afterburner system 15, rotation system and the velocity-measuring system that are successively set on the pedestal 1; Rotation system comprises the support 2 that is fixed on the pedestal 1, motor 12, support 2 is rectangular parallelepiped, the front of rectangular parallelepiped be provided with the U-lag 4 that extends back and about the horizontal groove 9 that extends, laterally groove 9 is positioned at the below of U-lag 4, on support 2, also be provided with parallel with horizontal groove 9, the manhole that runs through U-lag 4, the main shaft 3 that penetrates manhole is located in the sliding bearing 7 at manhole two ends, main shaft 3 is a round tube, center section is positioned at manhole and U-lag 4, stretch out outside the manhole at two ends, and an end is provided with collet chuck 6, and the other end is provided with chuck pull bar 5, in main shaft 3 pipes, chuck pull bar 5 entangles collet chuck 6; Be provided with spindle pulley 8 around main shaft 3 in U-lag 4, be connected with motor pulley 11 on the motor 12, belt 10 is wrapped on spindle pulley 8 and the motor pulley 11.

Velocity-measuring system is positioned at the right side of chuck pull bar 5, comprises guide rail 13 and photoelectric sensor 14, and an end of guide rail 13 is fixedly connected with photoelectric sensor 14, and the other end is arranged in the horizontal groove 9, so that guide rail 13 can move along horizontal groove 9 with photoelectric sensor 14.

As shown in Figure 3, afterburner system 15 is positioned at left side, the main shaft 3 axis below of collet chuck 6, comprise the forcing shaft 16 that passes pedestal 1 and vertically install, be fixed on top 17 and the force cell 18, clamp nut 19, the spiral dial gauge 20 that set gradually around forcing shaft 16 on forcing shaft 16 tops from top to bottom, clamp nut 19 is fixed together forcing shaft 16 and pedestal 1.

During work, test specimen 21 is installed on the collet chuck 6, again by chuck pull bar 5 locking spring chucks 6, starter motor 12, motor 12 rotates, drive belt 10, belt 10 drive spindle pulleys 8 by motor pulley 11, thereby the main shaft 3 that is fixed on the support 2 is rotated, the rotation of main shaft 3 drives collet chuck 6 and rotates with the test specimen 21 that is fastened thereon.Adjustable screw dial gauge 20, so that forcing shaft 16 moves up, top 17 withstand the end of test specimen 21, thereby 15 pairs of test specimens 21 of afterburner system apply radial force, test specimen 21 is in rotation process, be subject to the radial force effect that the constant and direction of size changes, can analog equipment actual motion condition under the suffered alterante stress of test specimen.End face at chuck pull bar 5 is provided with reflecting piece, by regulating the front and back position of guide rail 13 on support 2, so that photoelectric sensor 14 is in best collection position, realizes the measurement to test specimen 21 rotating speeds.

The fatigue experimental device of metal material provided by the present invention can by suffered alterante stress state under the simulation metal product actual motion condition, come the fatigue behaviour of test specimen is studied.Quantitatively apply radial force perpendicular to its axis direction by afterburner system to being in test piece end under the rotation status, come the stress of the suffered alterante stress of test specimen in the analog equipment operational process, measure rotating speed by the velocity-measuring system that photoelectric sensor, guide rail form; By at main shaft one end the chuck pull bar being installed, when test specimen is installed on the collet chuck, further be locked on the collet chuck by the chuck pull bar, guarantee the reliability of its installation; Simultaneously, clamp nut is fixed on forcing shaft on the pedestal, thereby has also guaranteed the reliability that afterburner system is installed, and has guaranteed the precision of its up-down adjustment, and the fatigue experimental device of metal material provided by the present invention is reliable, stable, measuring accuracy is high.

Claims

1. the fatigue experimental device of a metal material is characterized in that: comprise the afterburner system (15), rotation system and the velocity-measuring system that set gradually; Rotation system comprises support (2), motor (12), the U-lag (4) that before and after support (2) is provided with, extends and about the manhole of extension, and manhole runs through U-lag (4); The main shaft (3) that penetrates manhole is located in the sliding bearing (7), in U-lag (4), be provided with spindle pulley (8) around main shaft (3), be connected with motor pulley (11) on the motor (12), belt (10) is wrapped on spindle pulley (8) and the motor pulley (11); Velocity-measuring system is positioned at the right side of support (2), comprises photoelectric sensor (14); Afterburner system is positioned at left side, main shaft (3) the axis below of support (2), comprises the forcing shaft (16) of vertical installation, top (17) that are fixed on forcing shaft (16) top and the force cell (18) that sets gradually around forcing shaft (16), spiral dial gauge (20) from top to bottom.

2. the fatigue experimental device of metal material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main shaft (3) is a round tube, center section is positioned at manhole and U-lag (4), stretch out outside the manhole at two ends, one end is provided with collet chuck (6), the other end is provided with chuck pull bar (5), and in main shaft (3) pipe, chuck pull bar (5) entangles collet chuck (6).

3. the fatigue experimental device of metal material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the horizontal groove (9) that extends about also being provided with on the described support (2), laterally groove (9) is positioned at the below of U-lag (4), laterally be provided with the guide rail (13) that can move freely in the groove (9), the other end of guide rail (13) is fixedly connected with photoelectric sensor (14).