CN102919095A - Method for planting bamboo willow - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting bamboo willow. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting seedlings: the bamboo willow seedlings have the heights of 2.5 to 3.5m, are high in lignification degree, do not have diseases or insect pests or mechanical damage, and have developed roots; preparing soil and digging holes: the line spacing of the seedlings is 1.3m*1.6m, the size of each hole is 50cm*30cm*30cm, and the planting depth is 40 to 50cm; and applying a base fertilizer, watering, hilling, trimming and afforesting. By the method, the survival rate and the growth speed of the bamboo willow can be improved.

Description

The planting technology method of a kind of bamboo willow

Technical field

The invention belongs to the agricultural planting technique field, the technical scheme of specific requirement protection belongs to bamboo willow seedling cultivation field.

Background technology

The bamboo willow is the Salicaceae sallow.Arbor, growth potential is large, and height can reach more than 20 meters.Green, smooth during the bark children.Apical dominance is obvious, and axillary bud sprouting power is strong, and branch is morning, side shoot and trunk angle 30～45 degree.The tree crown turriform, branch is even.The leaf lanceolar, single leaf alternate, blade reaches 15-22cm, the long gradually point of wide 3.5-6.2cm tip, the base portion wedge shape, there is obvious serration at the edge, and face of blade is green, back side canescence, petiole is little red, shorter.Because have strong adaptability, fast-growing, cold-resistant high temperature resistant, waterlogging Salt And Alkali Tolerance, management is simple, vegetative propagation is easy, output is high, the excellent characteristics of material, China bamboo willow mainly is to introduce from the U.S. at present.Still the desirable seedling grow method that is not fit to the local address feature in China needs further further investigation.

Summary of the invention

1, selects seedling

Realize that the fast growing of bamboo willow must select the breeding sprout building afforestation, the afforestation of bamboo willow should be selected: height of seedling 2.5m-3.5m, degree of lignification is high, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage the bamboo willow seedling of well developed root system.Selecting strong sapling is the key of bamboo willow fast growing.

2, dig the cave wholely

Split clean weeds, excavate pipe thatch head, planting density 320 strain/mus, seeding row spacing 1.3mx1.6m, cave specification 50cmx30cmx30cm

3, basal dressing

Base manure is the fertilizer that uses when planting or before planting.Purpose is constantly nutrient to be provided and to improve soil to forest for a long time.Base manure is generally take the long fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency as main.Fertilizer is to decompose the fertilizer that forms by plant and animal residues or people and animals' fecaluria process microorganism.Can play the effect that increases soil fertility and improvement soil.Being commonly used for base manure mainly contains: composite fertilizer, compost, barnyard manure, cake fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer etc.The base manure amount of application of bamboo willow is generally every strain fertilizer 20～30kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.5～1.0kg|, potash fertilizer 0.1～0.2kg..Should note during fertilising:

A, do not want excessive use chemical fertilizer and make base manure, can cause the fertilizer obstacle of local high concentration, when making base manure with chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer contact with shoot root, should mix thoroughly with soil, or the dilution of watering immediately after applying fertilizer.

B, phosphate fertilizer should be as base manure, and phosphate fertilizer promotes that the effect of tree growth is very remarkable, and phosphate fertilizer can promote bamboo willow root growth, and is best with superphosphate.

C, Shaoshi use the movement of nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer in soil better, are easily irrigated leaching loss.And two ammoniums are used the absorption that too much can suppress Gen Xi Dui Calcium, magnesium ion, thereby cause nutritional deficiency symptom.

4, the depth of planting

Bamboo Salix shallow root seeds, lateral root and adventive root distribute long, wider, and length surpasses main root, and the root system major part is distributed in topsoil.The depth of planting of bamboo willow can be decided according to subterranean water level and the soil structure in field planting place, the glutinous heavy submersible cultivation of low-lying land, and the depth of planting is generally 40cm ~ 50cm, improves the ventilative situation of root; The sandy loam that subterranean water level is low should suitably be deepened the depth of planting and be generally 60cm ~ 80cm, strengthens the drought-resistant ability of bamboo willow.

5, water

Can the bamboo willow survive, and can key be water sufficient water.After being drenched by spring rain in the cave, just can afforest, bareroot seedling is preferably in spring rain time afforestation; If terraced fields water after can planting and pour water one time; During container seedling forestation, must irrigate nutrition cup first after, afforest.

6, ridging

Train first table soil during ridging, the table soil structure is loose, nutritious, is conducive to the growth of bamboo willow.After accompany cubsoil, cubsoil hardens, granular structure is poor, nutrient content is low.Cubsoil is trained the top layer, can be by improvement such as weathering, farming, fertilisings.Fine earth, melt soil and be placed on around the seedling root, block soil promotes the seedling root wound healing as far as possible away from root system, recovers the growth of physiological function and adventive root.In the ridging process, guarantee that root system is unfolded, nest root not, also to just banket, tread on the limit, and root soil is combined closely.Ridging highly decide on the place weather of planting, soil regime, spring the arid area, ridging highly is lower than ground level, makes the cave of watering around nursery stock, is convenient to ponding when rainy.Other areas, ridging is the plane highly above Ground, is conducive to nursery stock and fixes, and increases soil thickness, gets rid of rainwater.Ridging will cover one deck dry ground in the above after watering, and reduces the moisture evaporation, keeps ground moistening, improves survival rate.

7, prune

The low area of relative air humidity in spring when transplanting seedlings, for reducing moisture loss, should all be repaiied side shoot.For preventing the living more branch of seedling dry labor, also can carry out cutting back to the larger side shoot of part, keep the stub of 5cm ~ 10cm, clip from base portion again after 1～2 year.Plant finish after unnecessary side shoot, sick branch suitably prune, to reduce the transpiration of nursery stock.

The Afforestation Time that the bamboo willow is suitable

Bamboo willow afforestation all can be carried out the spring, summer, autumn and winter, according to various places custom and climate condition,, the growth-development law of soil condition and bamboo willow, determine planting season and time.Total principle is to select temperature suitable, and humidity is larger, suffers the possibility of natural calamity less, meets that the bamboo willow is biological, carry out the season of ecological habit, and slow seedling and the growth of the rear bamboo willow that is beneficial to afforest reduce cost of forestation.The Afforestation Time of bamboo willow mainly is chosen in spring and carry out autumn.

To test, in some areas, autumn and summer afforestation must be careful with this afforestation in 2 years, also please carry out under local forestry expert instructs.

1, spring afforestation

The spring afforestation of bamboo willow is after soil thaws, and temperature is stabilized in 10 degrees centigrade of beginnings, finishes before the bamboo willow germinates.Best Times is that nursery stock germinateed in the last week.Plant too early, timely normal root, nursery stock can suffer the adverse effect of wind and low temperature in the transplanting process, affects the survival rate of bamboo willow.Planted evening, the bamboo willow germinates, Zhan Ye, and root tissue water status absorbs not yet and recovers, the water satisfied in the tree body not the transpiration of bamboo willow, easily cause the bud of bamboo willow, leaf withered, affect the survival rate of bamboo willow.China's most area spring planted generally at early March to early April.

2, afforest autumn

The afforestation in autumn of bamboo willow is carried out before bamboo willow fallen leaves freeze to soil afterwards, and the time is generally mid or late November.During this, nursery stock position growth on the ground stops growing, but the root system activity is still being carried out.Autumn, soil moisture content was good than spring, the autumn of the bamboo willow of arid area afforestation can improve the survival rate of bamboo willow.But the wind strong wind is many, wind erosion is serious northern sand ground and the serious heavy soil of freeze injury then should not carry out the autumn and plant.

Various places can be according to this Climate, soil characteristic and the bamboo willow year growth rhythm in this locality, suitable planting season and the Afforestation Time of selection.

Claims (2)

1. the planting technology method of a bamboo willow, its step is for selecting seedling:, whole dig cave, basal dressing, water, earth up, prune, afforest.

2. according to the step of claim one, its special Zheng is to select height of seedling 2.5m-3.5m, degree of lignification is high, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, the bamboo willow seedling of well developed root system, according to the density of density 320 strain/mus, seeding row spacing 1.3mx1.6m, cave specification 50cmx30cmx30cm, the degree of depth of taking root in of 40cm ~ 50cm is planted.