CN102876913A - Sulfide-containing self-lubricating sliding electrical contact material - Google Patents
Sulfide-containing self-lubricating sliding electrical contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102876913A CN102876913A CN2012103301054A CN201210330105A CN102876913A CN 102876913 A CN102876913 A CN 102876913A CN 2012103301054 A CN2012103301054 A CN 2012103301054A CN 201210330105 A CN201210330105 A CN 201210330105A CN 102876913 A CN102876913 A CN 102876913A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sulfide-containing self-lubricating sliding electrical contact material. The material comprises the following components by weight: 2-8 percent of Cu, 0.1-1 percent of Ni, 0.5-2 percent of MoS2 and the balance of Ag. The material provided by the invention has excellent performances such as self-lubricating, wear resistance, electric arc resistance and the like; and the material can be used independently and can be further used as a working layer to compound in a copper or copper alloy surface. The composite material is used for manufacturing a commutator of a direct current micro-motor, in particular a commutator running under a low temperature condition to prolong the service life of the commutator and improve the contact stability and reliability of the commutator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sliding contact material, particularly a kind of self-lubricating sliding contact material of sulfur compound.
Background technology
Reverser and brush plate are the core components of small-sized DC motor, the Main Load that it bears in the work is the sliding friction under the live condition, the damage that sliding frictional wear and arc erosion cause material is that reverser and brush lost efficacy, and the major cause that finally causes micromotor to lose efficacy.And, electrically contact in the process because the temperature rise meeting that mechanical friction and galvanic action produce makes the material production recrystallize of work hardening, reduce its hardness and wear resistance, further aggravated the mechanical wear of material.
Especially, when direct current micromotor works in low-temperature condition (such as-40 ℃), because this moment, the water vapour major part in the environment was condensed, can't form effective water molecules lubricant film at the contact surface of reverser and brush, mechanical wear is more serious.Simultaneously, in the situation that does not have moisture film to separate, the fresh metal surface of reverser and brushing piece directly contacts, and adherent phenomenon is serious.This increases the adhesive wear degree of material on the one hand, because the appearance of " adhesion-slide " phenomenon makes the contact between reverser and the brush become unstable, impels the non-commutation phase more serious arc phenomenon to occur on the other hand, and arc erosion increases greatly.Therefore, under the low-temperature working condition, the damage rate of reverser and brush obviously improves, and the micromotor life-span significantly shortens.
The existence of lubricant film can effectively reduce frictional coefficient on the one hand, reduces mechanical wear; Can reduce on the other hand the direct contact of fresh metal surface, prevent the non-commutation phase arc damage that " adhesion-slide " phenomenon causes.Thereby prolong the work-ing life of reverser and brush, improve its job stability, the performance of direct current micromotor and life-span are improved.Especially under low temperature, drying conditions, the existence of lubricant film seems more important.Simultaneously, need to guarantee low and stable contact resistance when considering the work of reverser and brush, so its surperficial lubricant film can not cause obvious impact to contact resistance.
At present, Chinese invention patent 200910303094.9,200910303091.5 and 200910303095.3 has reported that adopting fusing point basic metal (such as Li, Na, K) lower, that oxidation-resistance is relatively poor that sliding type is electrically contacted silver alloys carries out alloying, to obtain the technology of self-lubricating effect.And alkaline-earth metal (such as Mg), magnesium-yttrium-transition metal (such as Zn) etc. also has similar effect.Yet, find in the use, the self-lubricating effect that this class utilizes the alloying element selective oxidation to obtain has its limitation, under the condition of low temperature, drying, still there are the problems such as wear rate is very fast, arc damage is larger in reverser and the brush made of this class alloy, are difficult to fully satisfy service requirements.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that existing slip electrical contact alloy material exists, a kind of self-lubricating sliding contact material of sulfur compound is provided, this material can improve its self-lubricating property greatly, material of the present invention has the performances such as good self-lubricating, wear-resistant, anti-electric-arc, this material can use separately, also can be used as working lining and is compounded in copper or copper alloy surface use.Described matrix material is used for making the reverser of working under the reverser, particularly cold condition of direct current micromotor, can improve work-ing life, contact stabilization and reliability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages in the self-lubricating sliding contact material of the first sulfur compound of the present invention; Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; MoS
2Be 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage, surplus is Ag.
Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages in the self-lubricating sliding contact material of the second sulfur compound of the present invention; , Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; MoS
2It is 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage; RE is 0.05 ~ 1% weight percentage, and surplus is Ag.
Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages in the self-lubricating sliding contact material of the third sulfur compound of the present invention; Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; Zn is 1 ~ 5% weight percentage; MoS
2Be 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage, surplus is Ag.
Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages in the self-lubricating sliding contact material of the 4th kind of sulfur compound of the present invention; Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; MoS
2It is 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage; Zn is 1 ~ 5% weight percentage, and RE is 0.05 ~ 1% weight percentage, and surplus is Ag.
RE is the combination of La or Ce or La and Ce in the second and the four kinds of materials.
The self-lubricating sliding contact material of above-mentioned any sulfur compound is as working lining, and copper or copper alloy are basic unit, and the self-lubricating sliding contact material of sulfur compound partly or entirely covers the surface of copper or copper alloy, makes two-layer matrix material.
By above-mentioned any matrix material reverser of making and the micromotor that adopts described reverser to make.
Sliding contact material preparation technology of the present invention is:
1) adopts water atomization to prepare AgCuNi, AgCuZnNi, AgCuNiRE, AgCuZnNiRE powdered alloy, and get the maximum equivalent diameter of powder particle less than the powdered alloy of 20 μ m.
2) with above-mentioned powdered alloy and MoS
2Powder mixes, wherein MoS
2The equivalent diameter of powder particle is 1 ~ 5 μ m.
3) powder that mixes is waited the static pressure compacting, pressing pressure is 60 ~ 100MPa, dwell time 〉=60S.
4) blank that suppresses is placed ammonia decomposition or pure hydrogen atmosphere carry out sintering, 700 ~ 850 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 〉=2h.
5) blank that sinters is pushed extrusion ratio 〉=20.
6) good blank be will push by operations such as rolling, process annealing, drawings, band or silk material will be prepared into.
7) adopt hot rolling, warm-rolling or cold rolling compounding technology, above-mentioned band or silk material and copper or copper alloy are carried out compound, be made into stratified composite.Wherein the self-lubricating sliding contact material of sulfur compound of the present invention is working lining, and copper or copper alloy are basic unit.
In the material of the present invention, MoS
2Be a kind of good solid lubricant, its lubricity comes from special crystalline structure.MoS
2Have hexagonal structure, interlayer slip occurs easily, shearing resistance is low, therefore can produce good lubricant effect when sliding friction, reduces frictional coefficient, reduces wearing and tearing, and prevents the metal adhesion.Especially do not having under the drying conditions of enough humidity, its lubricity is still good, therefore for using contact material to have the good effect of improving under low temperature, the drying conditions.If MoS
2Addition (weight percent, lower with) less than 0.5%, then its self lubricity can be given full play to; If its addition is then bigger than normal on the impact of contact resistance greater than 2%.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) adopts material of the present invention to make micro-motor commutator, have the performances such as good self-lubricating, wear-resistant, anti-electric-arc, be used for the micromotor of low temperature, drying conditions work, stability and the work-ing life that can improve micromotor.
2) the present invention adopts existing powder process, shaping, sintering, press working and heat treatment technics to produce, and the equipment and process technology does not need special transformation, and is easy to implement in the production.
When 3) utilizing alloy of the present invention to make stratified composite, can adopt existing AgCuNi is that the technology and equipment that silver alloys/copper or copper alloy electrically contact composite strip is produced, and technology is easy to grasp and implement, and substantially can not increase production cost.
4) the present invention adopts atomization to prepare AgCuNi, AgCuZnNi, AgCuNiRE, AgCuZnNiRE powdered alloy, and its homogeneity of ingredients is high; Then adopt the technology such as mixed powder, hydrostatic pressing, extrusion processing to produce commutator material, can effectively guarantee MoS
2The homogeneity that in material, distributes, and material can reach complete densification.
The present invention rationally utilizes the good characteristic of solid lubricant, adds self-lubricating constituent element MoS in AgCuNi, AgCuZnNi, AgCuNiRE, AgCuZnNiRE alloy (AgCuNi is silver alloys)
2, greatly improved material self-lubricating property, be used for to make the reverser of working under the reverser, particularly cold condition of direct current micromotor, can improve work-ing life, contact stabilization and reliability, meet the need of market.
The self-lubricating sliding contact material of sulfur compound of the present invention can use separately, also can be used as working lining and is compounded in copper or copper alloy surface use.
Embodiment
The proportioning of each component of self-lubricating sliding contact material of the sulfur compound of embodiment 1 to 32 sees Table 1:
Each embodiment chemical ingredients (weight percentage) of table 1
By respectively becoming assignment system and molten alloy in the table 1, and be prepared into powder by water atomization, powder size is less than 20 μ m.With the powdered alloy that obtains and the MoS that drafts content
2Powder mixes, and the techniques such as repressed, sintering, extruding, rolling, annealing are made band; Then adopt hot rolling technology and fine copper or copper alloy to be combined into stratified composite, the self-lubricating sliding contact material of sulfur compound (silver alloys of sulfur compound) layer thickness is 0.03mm in this matrix material, and the matrix material total thickness is 0.25mm.
Each comparative example electrically contacts the silver alloys composition and sees Table 2.
Table 2 comparative example alloying constituent (weight percentage)
By respectively becoming assignment system and molten alloy to obtain AgCuNi to be silver alloys, then to be combined into stratified composite with copper or copper alloy in the table 2, ag alloy layer thickness is 0.03mm in this matrix material, and the matrix material total thickness is 0.25mm.
The matrix material of embodiment 1 ~ 32 and comparative example 1 ~ 4 is used for being made into micromotor three utmost point reversers, this reverser is assemblied in the micromotor, carry out longevity test.Its corresponding brush plate material is AgPd50/MX215.
The test condition of embodiment 1 ~ 32 and comparative example 1 ~ 4 is as follows:
Probe temperature :-40 ℃
Testing load: 8gcm
Test voltage: 8V
Motor speed: 3000rpm
Drive manner: continuously
In the test process, judge the working order of motor by the variation that detects motor speed and electric current, occur that rotating speed or electric current exceed standard or all be judged to be end of life when shutting down.
Test result sees Table 3.
Table 3 embodiment 1 ~ 32 and comparative example 1 ~ 4 life test result
| Embodiment | Life-span (h) |
| 1 | 840 |
| 2 | 830 |
| 3 | 825 |
| 4 | 880 |
| 5 | 861 |
| 6 | 875 |
| 7 | 868 |
| 8 | 851 |
| 9 | 903 |
| 10 | 916 |
| 11 | 920 |
| 12 | 983 |
| 13 | 975 |
| 14 | 937 |
| 15 | 986 |
| 16 | 936 |
| 17 | 1053 |
| 18 | 1070 |
| 19 | 1086 |
| 20 | 1020 |
| 21 | 1068 |
| 22 | 1090 |
| 23 | 1054 |
| 24 | 1076 |
| 25 | 1198 |
| 26 | 1200 |
| 27 | 1168 |
| 28 | 1189 |
| 29 | 1210 |
| 30 | 1179 |
| 31 | 1190 |
| 32 | 1187 |
| Comparative example 1 | 438 |
| Comparative example 2 | 550 |
| Comparative example 3 | 638 |
| Comparative example 4 | 765 |
Conclusion: above-mentioned test result shows, adds MoS in AgCuNi, AgCuZnNi, AgCuNiRE and AgCuZnNiRE alloy
2(add MoS in these alloys
2Become a series of novel materials---the self-lubricating sliding contact material of sulfur compound), can improve self-lubricating sliding contact material wear resistance, arc resistance and the electrical contact performance at low temperatures of sulfur compound.Self-lubricating sliding contact material with sulfur compound is made working lining, and copper or copper alloy are that matrix material is made by basic unit, is used for making micro-motor commutator, does not contain MoS with employing
2The micro-motor commutator of alloy made compare, under identical operational conditions, demonstrate longer work-ing life, improved micromotor working life and stability.
Claims (9)
1. the self-lubricating sliding contact material of a sulfur compound is characterized in that, this material is by Cu, Ni, MoS
2Form with Ag, each composition weight percentage composition is: Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages; Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; MoS
2Be 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage, surplus is Ag.
2. the self-lubricating sliding contact material of a sulfur compound is characterized in that, this material is by Cu, Ni, MoS
2, RE and Ag form, each composition weight percentage composition is: Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages; , Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; MoS
2It is 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage; RE is 0.05 ~ 1% weight percentage, and surplus is Ag.
3. material according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described RE is the combination of La or Ce or La and Ce.
4. the self-lubricating sliding contact material of a sulfur compound is characterized in that, this material is by Cu, Ni, Zn, MoS
2Form with Ag, each composition weight percentage composition is: Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages; Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; Zn is 1 ~ 5% weight percentage; MoS
2Be 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage, surplus is Ag.
5. the self-lubricating sliding contact material of a sulfur compound is characterized in that, this material is by Cu, Ni, Zn, MoS
2, RE and Ag form, each composition weight percentage composition is: Cu is 2 ~ 8% weight percentages; , Ni is 0.1 ~ 1% weight percentage; Zn is 1 ~ 5% weight percentage, MoS
2It is 0.5 ~ 2% weight percentage; RE is 0.05 ~ 1% weight percentage, and surplus is Ag.
6. material according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described RE is the combination of La or Ce or La and Ce.
7. the self-lubricating sliding electric contact composite material of sulfur compound is characterized in that, as working lining, copper or copper alloy are basic unit with the arbitrary described material of claim 1-6, and described sliding contact material partly or entirely covers the surface of copper or copper alloy.
8. a micro-motor commutator is characterized in that, right to use requires 7 described arbitrary matrix materials.
9. a micromotor is characterized in that, right to use requires 8 described reversers.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103301054A CN102876913A (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2012-09-07 | Sulfide-containing self-lubricating sliding electrical contact material |
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| CN2012103301054A CN102876913A (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2012-09-07 | Sulfide-containing self-lubricating sliding electrical contact material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103151099A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-12 | 上海中希合金有限公司 | Self-lubricating combined strip for machining of micromotor commutators |
| CN108176845A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-19 | 常州凯奥机电科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of wear-resisting high-strength type self-lubricating contact material |
Citations (4)
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| JPS5956546A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-04-02 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Sliding contact material |
| CN101217226A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-07-09 | 重庆川仪总厂有限公司 | A weak current slide contact material |
| CN101246758A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2008-08-20 | 重庆川仪总厂有限公司 | Sliding electric contact material for low current |
| CN101707154A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2010-05-12 | 温州宏丰电工合金有限公司 | Method for preparing a silver-based electric contact material |
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2012
- 2012-09-07 CN CN2012103301054A patent/CN102876913A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5956546A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-04-02 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Sliding contact material |
| CN101217226A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-07-09 | 重庆川仪总厂有限公司 | A weak current slide contact material |
| CN101246758A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2008-08-20 | 重庆川仪总厂有限公司 | Sliding electric contact material for low current |
| CN101707154A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2010-05-12 | 温州宏丰电工合金有限公司 | Method for preparing a silver-based electric contact material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张雷等: "梯度结构Ag-Cu-MoS2电刷材料的制备及性能", 《中国有色金属学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103151099A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-12 | 上海中希合金有限公司 | Self-lubricating combined strip for machining of micromotor commutators |
| CN108176845A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-19 | 常州凯奥机电科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of wear-resisting high-strength type self-lubricating contact material |
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Application publication date: 20130116 |