CN102823724A - Caragana microphylla pellet feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to feed, in particular to caragana microphylla pellet feed which solves the problems that existing caragana microphylla as feed is poor in palatability, domestic animals such as cattle and sheep are unwilling to eat, and conventional feed cost is high and the like. The caragana microphylla pellet feed is prepared by the following steps of firstly, collecting branches and leaves of the caragana microphylla to be dried and subjected to impurity removal; secondly, cutting the branches of the caragana microphylla; thirdly, rubbing the cut branches of the caragana microphylla into fine straw knots or threadlet straw powder; smashing the fine straw knots or threadlet straw powder into fine powder with the fineness ranging from 350 to 450 meshes; fifthly, smashing maize straws into fine powder with fineness ranging from 100 to 150 meshes; sixthly, mixing the smashed caragana microphylla with the maize straws according to the weight ratio of 6:4; and seventhly, stirring uniformly and pelleting. Rich nutrient contents of the caragana microphylla are sufficiently utilized, the crop maize straws are low in cost and wide in sources, waste is turned into treasure, cost is low, feed sources are enriched, large-scale production, storage and transport are facilitated, palatability of the caragana microphylla is improved, and feeding cost of the domestic animals such as cattle and sheep is greatly reduced.

Description

A kind of caragana microphylla pellet

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of feed, be specially a kind of caragana microphylla pellet.

Background technology

At present both at home and abroad Feed Manufacturing is to be primary raw material with grain or its by-product, will consume a large amount of grain for production conventional feed country for a long time, this conventional feed cost height, expensive.

Caragana microphylla is distributed in middle part, north, Shanxi, West Inner Mongolia, the north, Shaanxi and Ningxia in China; Also there is distribution in Mongolia.The caragana microphylla form is a shrub, and is high 1.5～5 meters.Well developed root system, generally burying reaches 5～6 meters deeply, and the darkest reaches about 9 meters, rice surplus horizontal stretching can reach 20.Its ecological suitability is strong, has the very strong ability of checking winds and fixing drifting sand.The branch of caragana microphylla, leaf, flower, fruit all are rich in nutrition, and according to surveying and determination, caragana microphylla was bloomed to productive phase, and the bright leaf of per kilogram, spray contain thick protein 22～48 grams, contain crude fat 4.98 grams.The contained digestible crude protein of the air-dry branches and leaves of caragana microphylla per kilogram in florescence; Be equivalent to 2.67 kilograms of corns; 0.88 kilogram pea or 0.64 kilogram of digestible crude protein that soybean is contained; It contains more protein and amino acid, and caragana microphylla trophophase aerial part contains first limiting amino acid～lysine (0.701 milligram/100 milligrams dries), and is also higher than the lysine content (0.60 milligram/1000 milligrams dries) of dehydrated alfalfa.In a word, the branch of caragana microphylla, leaf, flower, fruit all are rich in nutrition, are the good feeds of livestock (sheep, deer, camel etc.).Therefore make main raw material production feed with caragana microphylla, for feed industry has been opened up new way.

In addition, along with the raising of living standards of the people, the mankind constantly expand cultivated area for the demand of ever-increasing population to grain, utilize various technological meanses significantly to improve crop yield prediction and total output; Follow crops and what come is the crop material that is several times as much as fruit, except that be used for industrial and agricultural production on a small quantity, the most of burning, cause very serious environmental pollution.Along with economic development and scientific and technological progress, sustainable development, recycling economy, cleaner production and environmental protection are mentioned in the development plan and agenda of the Chinese government day by day.

In sum, adopt caragana microphylla and maize straw, can make full use of abundant caragana microphylla and stalk resource, can reduce the feeding cost of domestic animals such as cattle and sheep again as the feed of domestic animals such as cattle and sheep.But because long jagged on the caragana microphylla branch, and lignin, content of cellulose are higher, cause caragana microphylla to contain a kind of special peculiar smell, have when making caragana microphylla at present as the cattle and sheep feed that palatability is poor, cattle and sheep are reluctant the problem of taking food.Up to the present, do not see that report and the application that caragana microphylla and maize straw is mixed and made into feed arranged.

Summary of the invention

Livestocks such as existing caragana microphylla is poor because of palatability as feed, cattle and sheep are reluctant a kind of caragana microphylla pellet to be provided problems such as feed and conventional feed cost height in order to solve in the present invention.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of caragana microphylla pellet, said caragana microphylla pellet adopt following processing step to process: (1) is taked branch, the leaf of caragana microphylla and is carried out airing, impurity elimination; (2) the caragana microphylla branch is carried out the mechanization segment, be cut into 2～3 centimetres; (3) again the caragana microphylla branch after the segment is rubbed into thin grass joint or filament shape grass meal, grass joint or grass meal length are 1～3mm; (4) utilizing pulverizer that caragana microphylla grass meal or grass joint are ground into fineness is 350～450 purpose fine powders; (5) be 100～150 purpose fine powders with being ground into fineness after the maize straw oven dry; (6) caragana microphylla after will pulverizing and maize straw stir according to weight ratio 6:4 mixed, in the whipping process spray water, make that the moisture content of raw material is 10%～18%; (7) mixture that stirs is sent into comminutor, the particulate material that comminutor is created is the caragana microphylla pellet.

Saidly in caragana microphylla and maize straw mixing process, add fecula, the dosage of fecula is 2～4% of caragana microphylla and a maize straw gross weight.

The survey report of the contained main nutrient composition of caragana microphylla pellet according to the invention that table 1 is provided for Shanxi Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences feed technology research center,

[0001] Sequence number	[0002] Interventions Requested	[0003] Unit	[0004] Assay
				[0005] 1	[0006] Moisture	[0007] %	[0008] 11.7
[0009] 2	[0010] Crude protein	[0011] %	[0012] 0.98
				[0013] 3	[0014] Calcium	[0015] %	[0016] 1.9
[0017] 4	[0018] Phosphorus	[0019] %	[0020] 0.11
				[0021] 5	[0022] Coarse ash	[0023] %	[0024] 7.08
[0025] 6	[0026] Crude fat	[0027] %	[0028] 3049
				[0029] 7	[0030] Crude fibre	[0031] %	[0032] 16.32

Can find out through table 1; In the caragana microphylla pellet according to the invention, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber content are higher, and calcium content can reach 1.9% and satisfies the growing requirements of livestock fully; Also have a certain amount of phosphorus simultaneously, can replenish the required trace element of cattle and sheep growth course.

In order to verify the feeding effect of caragana microphylla pellet; Two batches of same breed, close, the normotrophic goat of age in days have been chosen; A collection of nursing caragana microphylla pellet of the present invention; Another batch fed the mixture of corn flour and stalk by in the past common feeding method, and the feed weight of feeding every day is identical.Through the discovery of feeding, sheep is not only liked edible caragana microphylla pellet according to the invention, and each item index is all normal in edible back, proves that the more common caragana microphylla mouthfeel of caragana microphylla pellet provided by the invention is greatly improved, and result of the test is seen table 2:

[0033] Title	[0034] Test group	[0035] Control group
			[0036] Day feeding volume	[0037] 1.5 kilograms in caragana microphylla pellet	[0038] 1.2 kilograms of stalks, 0.5 kilogram of corn flour
[0039] 15 days average gains in weight	[0040] 2.5 kilogram	[0041] 1.55 kilogram
			[0042] Daily gain	[0043] 0.17 kilogram	[0044] 0.1 kilogram
[0045] Every sheep cost every day	[0046] Need 1.7 yuan every day	[0047] Need 1.55 yuan every day
			[0048] Every sheep income every day	[0049] 4.5 unit	[0050] 3.42
[0051] Benefit	[0052] 2.8 yuan of sheep net incomes every day	[0053] 1.87 yuan of sheep net incomes every day

Result of the test shows, for same kind, goat that age in days is close, the caragana microphylla pellet has fast gaining, cost is low, income is high advantage with respect to normal diet, also can practice thrift a large amount of grains simultaneously.

It is wide that the present invention has made full use of the cheap and source of contained abundant nutrition composition of caragana microphylla and crops maize straws, turns waste into wealth, and cost is low; Enlarged feed resource, be convenient to large-scale production and accumulating, and improved the palatability of caragana microphylla through optimum proportion of materials and related process; Make livestocks such as cattle and sheep like eating; And fast gaining, for the industrialized development of herding forage grass opens up a new way, greatly reduce the feeding cost of livestocks such as cattle and sheep simultaneously.

The specific embodiment

Adopt following processing step to process when a kind of caragana microphylla pellet, said caragana microphylla pellet:

(1) takes branch, the leaf of caragana microphylla and carry out airing, impurity elimination, remove iron wire, iron nail, fragment of brick in the caragana microphylla and the impurity such as lignifying part that are not suitable for doing feed;

(2) the caragana microphylla branch is carried out the mechanization segment, be cut into 2～3 centimetres, be beneficial to rubbing and pulverizing of next step;

(3) again the caragana microphylla branch after the segment is rubbed into thin grass joint or filament shape grass meal; Grass joint or grass meal length are 1～3mm; Carry out secondary operations powder process again after the caragana microphylla branch rubbed into thin grass joint or filament shape grass meal, can be significantly reduced to this, improve effect 20%--30%;

(4) utilizing pulverizer that caragana microphylla grass meal or grass joint are ground into fineness is 350～450 purpose fine powders; Caragana microphylla is pulverized after tentatively rubbing again; Purpose is to improve grazing rate and the digestibility of livestock and poultry to caragana microphylla; Improve the lignin structure of caragana microphylla, and processing caragana microphylla pellet or mixed feed provide powder raw material;

(5) be 100～150 purpose fine powders with being ground into fineness after the maize straw oven dry;

(6) caragana microphylla after will pulverizing and maize straw add fecula simultaneously according to weight ratio 6:4 mixed, and the dosage of fecula is 2～4% of caragana microphylla and a maize straw gross weight; Stir,, make that the moisture content of raw material is 10%～18% in the whipping process spray water; Reach the suitable humidity of mixed fodder, the water content of raw material is crucial influence factor to granulating efficiency before the granulation, and its upper limit (UL) is 18%; Moisture content is too high, and particle is soft partially, is prone to stop up nib.Because caragana microphylla stem stalk fiber cellulose content is the highest, become graininess relatively poor, depend merely on output and also be not enough to suppress the complete feed that conforms with product.All the present invention are employed in and add a certain amount of fecula in the batching; Play adhesive effect on the one hand, help the grain forming of caragana microphylla grass meal, on the other hand through the HTHP in pressing process; Make the residual starch gelatinization in its fecula; Increase the fragrance of pellet, increase palatability, improve the quality of caragana microphylla feed.

(7) mixture that stirs is sent into comminutor, the particulate material that comminutor is created is the caragana microphylla pellet.

Claims (2)

1. caragana microphylla pellet is characterized in that said caragana microphylla pellet adopts following processing step to process:

(1) takes branch, the leaf of caragana microphylla and carry out airing, impurity elimination;

(2) the caragana microphylla branch is carried out the mechanization segment, be cut into 2～3 centimetres;

(3) again the caragana microphylla branch after the segment is rubbed into thin grass joint or filament shape grass meal, grass joint or grass meal length are 1～3mm;

(4) utilizing pulverizer that caragana microphylla grass meal or grass joint are ground into fineness is 350～450 purpose fine powders;

(5) be 100～150 purpose fine powders with being ground into fineness after the maize straw oven dry;

(6) caragana microphylla after will pulverizing and maize straw stir according to weight ratio 6:4 mixed, in the whipping process spray water, make that the moisture content of raw material is 10%～18%;

(7) mixture that stirs is sent into comminutor, the particulate material that comminutor is created is the caragana microphylla pellet.

2. caragana microphylla pellet according to claim 1 is characterized in that in caragana microphylla and maize straw mixing process, adding fecula, and the dosage of fecula is 2～4% of caragana microphylla and a maize straw gross weight.