CN102823532A - Underground water energy-conservation overwintering method of portunus trituberculatus - Google Patents
Underground water energy-conservation overwintering method of portunus trituberculatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102823532A CN102823532A CN2012103511175A CN201210351117A CN102823532A CN 102823532 A CN102823532 A CN 102823532A CN 2012103511175 A CN2012103511175 A CN 2012103511175A CN 201210351117 A CN201210351117 A CN 201210351117A CN 102823532 A CN102823532 A CN 102823532A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention provides an underground water energy-conservation overwintering method of portunus trituberculatus. The method comprises the following steps that: manual seed selection parent crabs without any diseases are selected; after the parent crabs are disinfected, the parent crabs are placed into an overwintering pool, the bottom of the overwintering pool is paved with sand, and a circulating water technology can be used for keeping a water temperature in the overwintering pool; the disease detection and the disease prevention are carried out at fixed period so as to avoid causing vertical disease transmission in a breeding process; during the overwintering period, an underground water circulating technology is adopted to cut off a transmission path of the diseases so that the utilization of coal can be reduced, the energy conversation and the emission reduction can be realized, and the overwintering survival rate and the economic benefits are improved; and baits are reasonably matched, and have complete nutrition, so as to accelerate the healthy development of parent crab embryos, so as to make good preparation for breeding healthy juvenile crabs. With the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the overwintering survival rate of the portunus trituberculatus is improved by 15%, the juvenile crab yield is improved by 15% and the expenditure is saved by 30%; and the underground water energy-conservation overwintering method can be widely applied to sea-near sea areas and has the obvious economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to swimming crab parent crab overwintering technology field, be specifically related to a kind of energy-conservation wintering method of underground water of Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Background technology
Portunus trituberculatus Miers (
Portunus trituberculatus) be a kind of important marine economic animal, because its growth is fast, individual greatly, meat flavour is delicious, liked by the masses, have very high economic worth.Therefore it launches as culturing object gradually, and cultured area is 500,000 mu at present, and output reaches 100,000 tons, has become one of leading kind of China's sea farming.At present annual breed needs about 30,000 of Portunus trituberculatus Miers seed 1,500,000,000 tails, good oogenesis parent crabs; But in recent years; Parent's crab overwintering survival rate is low, oogenesis is of poor quality, carry problem such as virus is on the rise; Cause seed output, quality to descend significantly, the predicament of area, Changyi, Weifang in May, 2012 even appearance " a seedling difficulty is asked ".
Summary of the invention
To Portunus trituberculatus Miers parent crab overwintering survival rate is low in the prior art, oogenesis is of poor quality, carry viral problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy-conservation wintering method of underground water of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, the present invention selects artificially breeding parent crab for use; And through recycling technology, realize energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduce expenses 30%; Rational temperature control and disease control measure; Make overwintering survival rate improve 15%, abundant diet collocation improves close crab oogenesis quality; Seed output improves 15%, has solved that the wild close crab overwintering survival rate that exists in the prior art is low, oogenesis is of poor quality, has carried problem such as virus.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to be achieved:
The energy-conservation wintering method of a kind of underground water of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, it comprises close crab selection and overwinter management:
Said close crab is selected: select that appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, do not carry that the Portunus trituberculatus Miers artificially breeding of cause of disease is individual to be close crab;
Said overwinter management: shop, bottom, pond indoor wintering 10-15cm fine sand, to wintering pond, the sterilization of close crab, leave bait table before close crab goes into the pond; It is 3-5/square metre that the parent crab goes into pond density, and intensity of illumination is below 500lx; Use that underground water is energy-conservation survives the winter, fresh bait feeding amount is the 3%-5% of close crab body weight, cultivates indoor wintering 3-4 month;
Said underground water is energy-conservation: brine temperature is 14 ℃, and salinity is 60 ‰; The fresh water temperature is 18 ℃, and salinity is 1.2 ‰; Extract bittern, fresh water, evenly mix according to about 1:1 ratio, getting temperature at last is 16.0 ℃, and salinity is 30.6 ‰ seawater, is stored in the cistern subsequent use; Simultaneously wintering pond water inlet pipe, outlet pipe are opened,, made the wintering pond water temperature remain on 9 ± 0.5 ℃ through the control flow velocity.
Further improvement to technique scheme: said close crab is not carried milky disease, vibriosis, balantidiasis and white spot syndrome virus.
Further improvement to technique scheme: said bait is selected one or more of clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum or squid for use.
Further improvement to technique scheme: said close crab sterilization method is: every cube of water body 200-300ml polyhexamethylene carbamidine disinfecting liquid dipping 15 minutes.
Further improvement to technique scheme: said wintering pond sterilization method is: soak 12-24h with the 0.5ppm ClO 2 solution earlier, 1h is soaked with liquor potassic permanganate in the back, and wintering pond is cleaned with liquor potassic permanganate in the back; Rinse well with fresh water at last, can use after the airing.
Compared with prior art; Advantage of the present invention and good effect are: the present invention selects the artificially breeding parent crab of not carrying any disease for use; Put into the husky wintering pond in shop, bottom after the sterilization; Adopt recycling technology to keep the water temperature in the wintering pond, regularly carry out disease and detect and control, cause the disease vertical transmission to avoid the nurturing period; Overwintering period adopts the underground water circulating technology, cuts off the route of transmission of disease, and can reduce the use of coal, realizes energy-saving and emission-reduction, improves overwintering survival rate and economic benefit; Diet collocation is reasonable, and nutrition is complete, promotes close crab embryo health to grow, for the cultivation of healthy seedling is got ready.Adopt the inventive method can make the Portunus trituberculatus Miers overwintering survival rate improve 15%, seed output improves 15%, reduces expenses 30%, and can be widely used in the offshore sea waters, has remarkable economic efficiency.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
The energy-conservation wintering method of the underground water of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers of the present invention specifically may further comprise the steps:
1, close crab is selected: the close crab that the present invention selects is the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of artificially breeding, and the close crab of selection must meet following condition: coefficient of condition is high, appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, energetic, do not have any mechanical damage; Specification is big, body weight >=250g, Quan Jiakuan >=155mm; (WSSV) detects to milky disease, vibriosis, balantidiasis and white spot syndrome virus, guarantees that close crab do not carry above-mentioned specific pathogen.
2, disinfect: shop, bottom, pond indoor wintering 10-15cm fine sand; November parent crab goes into indoor wintering pond and survives the winter then; Indoor wintering, the pond was indoor cement pit; Need carry out strict sterilization to wintering pond and close crab before the parent crab goes into wintering pond, the sterilization method of close crab is: every cube of water body 200-300ml Ai Pule (polyhexamethylene guanide) thimerosal dipping 15 minutes; The wintering pond sterilization method is: soak 12-24h with the 0.5ppm ClO 2 solution earlier, 1h is soaked with liquor potassic permanganate in the back, cleans pool wall, gas tube, heating tube etc. with liquor potassic permanganate again, rinses well with fresh water at last, can use behind the airing 72h.Sand is put in order smooth, be separated out the big feeding hack, feeding platform, feeding tray of 20-30% area with brick, be used for bait throwing in, remove residual bait near the discharge outlet place.
3, overwinter management: after close crab went into the pond, density only was controlled at every square metre of 3-5; Intensity of illumination is controlled at below the 500lx; Bait is mainly bait such as clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum, squid, and mixing is thrown something and fed, and feeding volume is close crab body weight 3-5%, and the wintering pond seawater is a nature seawater, and water temperature is adjusted to 9 ± 0.5 ℃ through heating system, cultivates indoor wintering 3-4 month.
Embodiment 2:
1, close crab is selected: with embodiment 1.
2, disinfect: with embodiment 1.
3, overwinter management: after close crab went into the pond, density only was controlled at every square metre of 3-5; Intensity of illumination is controlled at below the 500lx; Bait is mainly bait such as clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum, squid, and mixing is thrown something and fed, and feeding volume is close crab body weight 3-5%, and the seawater of surviving the winter adopts underground water energy-conservation.
Said underground water is energy-conservation: the sub-salt well degree of depth is 40 meters in the present embodiment, and brine temperature is 14 ℃, and salinity is 60 ‰; The fresh water depth is 120 meters, and the fresh water temperature is 18 ℃, and salinity is 1.2 ‰; Extract bittern, fresh water, evenly mix according to the 1:1 ratio, getting temperature at last is 16.0 ℃, and salinity is 30.6 ‰ mixing water, is stored in the cistern subsequent use; The wintering pond water inlet pipe is opened, and water then adds wintering pond in the cistern, and the wintering pond drainpipe is opened, and water then flows out in the wintering pond, simultaneously water inlet pipe, outlet pipe is opened, and through the control flow velocity, makes the wintering pond water temperature remain on 9 ± 0.5 ℃.Through the control waterflood injection rate, reach the effect that keeps 9 ± 0.5 ℃ of constant temperature, utilize this underground water method can also realize energy-saving and emission-reduction, cut off the route of transmission of cause of disease in the nature seawater simultaneously.
| Case | Parent's crab overwintering survival rate (%) | Seed output (tail/cube water body) | The expense of surviving the winter (unit/only) |
| Instance 1 | 72% | 4541 | 25 |
| Instance 2 | 82.8% | 5222 | 17.5 |
Can find out that from above-mentioned experiment the present invention has that the close crab survival rate of surviving the winter is high, the oogenesis quality is good, do not carry virus, advantages of saving energy and reducing emission.Portunus trituberculatus Miers ecological breeding method according to the invention is aquaculture Co., Ltd research experiment in Haifeng county, Changyi City, but the method for the invention is not limited to and is applicable to this place.Through the experiment of groping in 3 years, that passes through lab scale, pilot scale facts have proved that this method can increase substantially the swimming crab overwintering survival rate, saves the cost of surviving the winter, and close crab oogenesis quality is good, is widely used in the offshore sea waters, has obtained good economic benefit.
With Haifeng county, Changyi City aquaculture Co., Ltd is example: 5000 of the close crabs of surviving the winter every year, and overwintering survival rate 82.8% improves 15%; The close crab in back that survives the winter is arranged young rate 85%, average every close crab row children 850,000, and the average every cube of water body of p is produced 5,222 ten thousand tails, and seed output on average improves 15%; Coal, medicine reduce expenses 30%.Therefore receive vast nursery, close crab to support the welcome of producer temporarily deeply, have wide promotion prospect.
Above embodiment is only in order to explaining technical scheme of the present invention, but not limits it; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can make amendment to the technical scheme that previous embodiment is put down in writing, perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of relevant art scheme break away from the spirit and the scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.
Claims (5)
1. the energy-conservation wintering method of the underground water of a Portunus trituberculatus Miers is characterized in that: it comprises that close crab selects and two steps of overwinter management:
Said close crab is selected: select that appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, do not carry that the Portunus trituberculatus Miers artificially breeding of cause of disease is individual to be close crab;
Said overwinter management: shop, bottom, pond indoor wintering 10-15cm fine sand, to wintering pond, the sterilization of close crab, leave bait table before close crab goes into the pond; It is 3-5/square metre that the parent crab goes into pond density, and intensity of illumination is below 500lx; Use that underground water is energy-conservation survives the winter, fresh bait feeding amount is the 3%-5% of close crab body weight, cultivated indoor wintering 3-4 month,
Said underground water is energy-conservation: brine temperature is 14 ℃, and salinity is 60 ‰; The fresh water temperature is 18 ℃, and salinity is 1.2 ‰; Extract bittern, fresh water, evenly mix according to about 1:1 ratio, getting temperature at last is 16.0 ℃, and salinity is 30.6 ‰ seawater, is stored in the cistern subsequent use; Simultaneously wintering pond water inlet pipe, outlet pipe are opened,, made the wintering pond water temperature remain on 9 ± 0.5 ℃ through the control flow velocity.
2. the energy-conservation wintering method of the underground water of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said close crab is not carried milky disease, vibriosis, balantidiasis and white spot syndrome virus.
3. the energy-conservation wintering method of the underground water of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said bait is selected one or more of clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum or squid for use.
4. the energy-conservation wintering method of the underground water of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said close crab sterilization method is: every cube of water body 200-300ml polyhexamethylene carbamidine disinfecting liquid dipping 15 minutes.
5. the energy-conservation wintering method of the underground water of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said wintering pond sterilization method is: soak 12-24h with the 0.5ppm ClO 2 solution earlier; 1h is soaked with liquor potassic permanganate in the back, and wintering pond is cleaned with liquor potassic permanganate in the back; Rinse well with fresh water at last, can use after the airing.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103766260A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-07 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for improving temporary culture and wintering survival rate of portunus trituberculatus |
| CN104335926A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-02-11 | 盘锦光合蟹业有限公司 | Juvenile crab wintering method in crab breeding process |
| CN109548719A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Portunus trituberculatus Miers, Fugu rubripes and Ruditapes philippinarum mixing overwintering cultivation method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104335926A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-02-11 | 盘锦光合蟹业有限公司 | Juvenile crab wintering method in crab breeding process |
| CN104335926B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-08-31 | 盘锦光合蟹业有限公司 | A kind of button crab wintering method in river crab breeding process |
| CN103766260A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-07 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for improving temporary culture and wintering survival rate of portunus trituberculatus |
| CN103766260B (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-12-09 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers that improves supports the method with overwintering survival rate temporarily |
| CN109548719A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Portunus trituberculatus Miers, Fugu rubripes and Ruditapes philippinarum mixing overwintering cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20121219 |