CN102823403B - Breeding method of pteroceltis tatarinowii polyploid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of a pteroceltis tatarinowii polyploid, which is featured with simplicity, easiness and obvious mutagenizing effect. The breeding method comprises the following steps of: carrying out liquid dropping mutagenic treatment on a growth point of a pteroceltis tatarinowii seedling by using a colchicine solution with concentration of 0.4-0.8%; setting corresponding moisturizing and shading for the growth point of the pteroceltis tatarinowii seedling; carrying out mutagenic treatment on the pteroceltis tatarinowii seedling within a preset time; and removing an effect of a liquid medicine in time, wherein an obtained polyploid has the characteristics of thickened plant leaves, darkened leaf color, thickened stems, increased pitches, enlarged air holes, reduced number of the air holes per unit leaf area, obviously increased chloroplast number of a guard cell and plant mutation rate of more than 30%; and a basis is laid for obtaining a new germplasm of a pteroceltis tatarinowii tree tetraploid.

Description

A kind of breeding method of wingceltis polyploid

Technical field

The present invention relates to the breeding field of plant polyploid, specifically a kind of breeding method of wingceltis polyploid.

Background technology

Wingceltis (Pteroceltis tatarinowii) is Chinese distinctive autogenus plant, is the pioneer tree species of Limestone Mountain Areas afforestation, drought-resistant barren, well developed root system, and the stretching, extension of spiraling between rock slot of being everlasting, sprout tillers is strong, and the life-span is long.China did not carry out system research to wingceltis Tree Species Resources so far, and still in the lower conventional breeding stage of utilizing level, artificial induction's polyploid is one of important channel obtaining plant newtype or new germ plasm.

Summary of the invention

For solving the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of wingceltis polyploid, adopt the colchicine solution that concentration is 0.4-0.8% to process its growing point, processing ease, stem apex mutagenic fungi rate is high, and Mutagenic Effect is good.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

A breeding method for wingceltis polyploid, realizes as follows:

1) by the wingceltis seed of collecting at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, through sand hide sprout after sowing in the dish of cave, management routinely after emerging;

2) early April comes up, cotyledon flattens when true leaf is sprouted, by being moistened with concentration, be that the rayon balls of the colchicine solution of 0.4-0.8% is placed on the shoot tip meristem of seedling, the dropping liquid carrying out in 72 hours is processed, and every day, each was once sooner or later, each 1-3 drips, then cover plastic film and sunshade net, from dropping liquid for the first time, start calculating treatmenting time, after the scheduled time, remove rayon balls, and rinse with clear water, remove liquid effect;

3) seedling is through mutagenic treatment after one month, and the growth of seedling of survival is accelerated, to August the survive polyploid the Characters of plant obvious, and confirm by microscopy.

The method of induction wingceltis polyploid provided by the invention is simple, induction effect is remarkable, adopt the colchicine solution of 0.4-0.8% concentration to carry out drip method mutagenic treatment to the growing point of wingceltis seedling, and carry out corresponding moisturizing and shading setting, the effect of in the given time wingceltis seedling being carried out mutagenic treatment and removing in time liquid, the polyploid plant blade thickening forming, leaf look deepens, it is large that stem chap and pitch become, pore increases, unit leaf area stoma number reduces, guard cell's chloroplast is counted showed increased, variant rate surpasses 30%, for obtaining wingceltis tree tetraploid new germ plasm, lay a good foundation.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, describe the present invention:

1) by the full wingceltis seed of collecting at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, through sand hide sprout after sowing in the dish of cave, management routinely after emerging;

2) early April comes up, cotyledon flattens when true leaf is sprouted, and by being moistened with concentration, is that the rayon balls of the colchicine solution of 0.2%-1.2% is placed on the shoot tip meristem of seedling, and the dropping liquid carrying out in 72 hours is processed, every day, sooner or later each was once, each 1-3 drips, and then covers plastic film and sunshade net, realizes moisturizing and prevents high light calcination seedling, from dropping liquid for the first time, start calculating treatmenting time, after the scheduled time, remove rayon balls, and rinse with clear water, remove liquid effect;

3) seedling is after mutagenic treatment, growth is suppressed, part cotyledon is loose, dark green, stem apex poor growth, after one month, growth of seedling through mutagenic treatment survival is accelerated, to August, the shape performance of survival plant is carried out to investigation statistics, to process strain blade, obviously become large, broaden, thickening, turn green, crumple, the external shape such as blade sawtooth deepens show the abnormal plant object of observation of attaching most importance to, blade lower epidermis guard cell is become to large simultaneously, unit are stomatal number reduces, the plant that guard cell's chloroplast number increases is labeled as special strain, concentration is the plant that the colchicine solution of 0.4%-0.8% was processed, aberration rate surpasses 30%, finally by microscopy, add their confirmation.

As can be seen from the table, from Mutagenic Effect, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.2% colchicine is all effective to the induction of wingceltis seedling apical point.From lethality, show, along with colchicine concentration raises and processing time prolongation, plant lethality is in rising trend, and colchicine concentration is 1.2%, and the young plant lethality of processing time 72h is the highest, reaches 24.2%.From plant aberration rate, show, in 12 treatment combinations, especially the highest with the variant rate of 0.8% colchicine concentration processing 72h, reach more than 34.2%, for optimization process combination, be secondly to process 72h with 0.6% colchicine concentration, variant rate is 33.3%, be to process 72h with 0.4% colchicine concentration again, variant rate is 32.5%.

Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and the variation that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a breeding method for wingceltis polyploid, is characterized in that, realizes as follows:

1) by the wingceltis seed of collecting at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, through sand hide sprout after sowing in the dish of cave, management routinely after emerging;

2) early April comes up, cotyledon flattens when true leaf is sprouted, by being moistened with concentration, be that the rayon balls of the colchicine solution of 0.4-0.8% is placed on the shoot tip meristem of seedling, the dropping liquid carrying out in 72 hours is processed, and every day, each was once sooner or later, each 1-3 drips, then cover plastic film and sunshade net, from dropping liquid for the first time, start calculating treatmenting time, after the scheduled time, remove rayon balls, and rinse with clear water, remove liquid effect;

3) seedling is through mutagenic treatment after one month, and the growth of seedling of survival is accelerated, to August the survive polyploid the Characters of plant obvious, and confirm by microscopy.