CN102822026B - 机动车的制动*** - Google Patents
机动车的制动*** Download PDFInfo
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- CN102822026B CN102822026B CN201180016663.7A CN201180016663A CN102822026B CN 102822026 B CN102822026 B CN 102822026B CN 201180016663 A CN201180016663 A CN 201180016663A CN 102822026 B CN102822026 B CN 102822026B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
- B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
- B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/16—Master control, e.g. master cylinders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/16—Master control, e.g. master cylinders
- B60T11/18—Connection thereof to initiating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/16—Master control, e.g. master cylinders
- B60T11/20—Tandem, side-by-side, or other multiple master cylinder units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/16—Master control, e.g. master cylinders
- B60T11/224—Master control, e.g. master cylinders with pressure-varying means, e.g. with two stage operation provided by use of different piston diameters including continuous variation from one diameter to another
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
- B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
- B60T7/10—Disposition of hand control
- B60T7/107—Disposition of hand control with electrical power assistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
- B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
- B60T13/148—Arrangements for pressure supply
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T15/00—Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
- Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
- Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种“线控制动”类型的机动车的制动***,该制动***具有可借助制动踏板致动的制动主缸(1),该制动主缸具有壳体(2)和可移动地设置在壳体(2)中的活塞(3),该活塞与壳体(2)一起限定了压力室(4)。根据本发明,制动主缸(1)的活塞(3)设计为具有至少两个不同大小的液压工作面(A1、A2)的多级活塞,其中小的第一工作面(A1)分配给压力室(4),大的第二工作面(A2)分配给填充室(6),在克服闭合行程后大的第二液压工作面(A2)起作用,并且根据在压力室(4)中的液压压力或根据踏板力而进行工作面(A2、A1)的转换。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种“线控制动”类型的机动车的制动***,所述制动***具有:可借助制动踏板致动的制动主缸,该制动主缸具有壳体和可移动地设置在壳体内的活塞,该活塞与该壳体一起限定了压力室,车轮制动器与该压力室相连接;无压的压力介质贮存器;与制动主缸共同作用的、可液压致动的、具有至少一个弹性元件的行程模拟器,该弹性元件尤其在线控制动工作模式中使车辆驾驶员获得舒适的踏板感觉;用于对车轮制动器加载压力的、可电控的、气动的、电的或电液式的致动单元;用于调节和/或控制在车轮制动器处施加的车轮制动压力的调压阀组件;以及控制或调节致动单元和/或调压阀组件的电子控制和调节单元,该电子控制和调节单元。
背景技术
“线控制动”的制动***在机动车技术中越发普及。用于“电线制动/线控制动”类型的机动车的这种电液式制动***例如已由DE 10235288A1公开。
在“线控制动”的制动***中,在没有车辆驾驶员直接参与的情况下由气动的、电的或电液式的致动单元提供在行车制动时所需的制动压力。通过所谓的行程模拟器使车辆驾驶员获得由常规的制动***已知的踏板感觉。在线控单元或电器装置/电子装置失效时,车辆通过在液压的制动主缸中车辆驾驶员仅借助于人力产生的液压压力进行制动(非放大的低效运行)。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是,提供一种“线控制动”类型的机动车的制动***,尽管存在法定的500N的踏板力限制,这种制动***在非放大的低效运行中也能以在人体工程学方面优化的踏板行程对大且重的车辆进行制动直至抱死极限。
根据本发明,该目的这样来实现:制动主缸的活塞设计为具有至少两个不同大小的液压工作面的多级活塞,其中小的第一工作面分配给压力室,大的第二工作面分配给填充室,且大的第二液压工作面在克服/越过闭合行程后起作用,并且根据压力室中的液压压力或根据踏板力进行工作面的转换。
在克服了正常运行(“线控制动”工作模式)中存在的、活塞上的闭合行程后,在车轮制动回路中立即并持续地建立制动压力。由车辆驾驶员施加的致动力被直接且毫无损失地用于在制动回路中建立压力。
附图说明
本发明的其他特征、优点和可能的应用方式由从属权利要求和随后对实施例的说明以及附图得出。
附图示意性示出:
图1示出根据发明的制动***的实施例的制动主缸;以及
图2示出根据发明的制动***在低效运行中的特征描述。
具体实施方式
根据发明的“线控制动”类型的机动车的制动***具有可借助未示出的制动踏板致动的制动主缸1,该制动主缸具有壳体2和可移动地设置在壳体2中的活塞3,该活塞与壳体2一起限定了压力室4。未示出的车轮制动器以已知的方式连接到制动主缸1或在压力室4。
此外,制动***还包括无压的压力介质贮存器5以及与制动主缸1共同作用的可液压致动的行程模拟器,该行程模拟器具有至少一个弹性元件,该弹性元件尤其在“线控制动”工作模式中使驾驶员获得舒适的踏板感觉。
电子控制和调节单元控制或调节气动的、电的或电液式的致动单元以用于对车轮制动器加载压力,并控制或调节调压阀组件以用于调节和/或控制在车轮制动器处施加的车轮制动压力。
“线控制动”类型的机动车的制动***的基本作用和基本构造是已知的,所以对此不再详细描述。因此,下面仅描述本发明的本质的特征。
在线控单元或电器装置/电子装置失效时,车辆通过在液压的制动主缸1中驾驶员仅借助于人力产生的液压压力进行制动。这表现为非放大的低效运行。此时几乎不能再以法定的500N的踏板力限制和短的踏板行程来制动恰恰越发普遍的大且重的机动车。
因此本发明的目的是,提供一种“线控制动”类型的机动车的制动***,在非放大的低效运行中,尽管存在法定的500N的踏板力限制,该制动***也能以在人体工程学方面优化的踏板行程制动大且重的机动车直至车轮抱死极限。
根据本发明,制动主缸1的活塞3设计为具有两个不同大小的液压工作面A1、A2的多级活塞。小的第一工作面A1分配给压力室4,大的第二工作面A2分配给填充室6。在本发明的范围内可以设想,在活塞3上设置三级或更多级,从而构成三个或更多的不同大小的液压工作面A1、A2、A3至An,这些工作面以对准的方式相继连接。
在图1所示的制动主缸1的非致动位置中,两个室4、6与无压的压力介质贮存器5连接。如从图1清楚可见,活塞3在小的第一工作面A1的区域中具有一个(或多个)第一连接孔7,该连接孔在非致动位置中将压力室4与填充室6连接。同时填充室6通过连接管路8与压力介质贮存器5连接。如果活塞3通过制动踏板的致动而沿致动方向B移动,则连接孔7和连接管路8由于越过密封圈9、10而断开,且可以在压力室4内建立液压压力。因此在克服闭合行程后,大的第二液压工作面A2起作用。因此能以短的踏板行程填充制动***并能达到约0.3g的车辆减速度,并且由车辆驾驶员施加的致动力被直接且毫无损失地用于在制动回路中建立压力。
根据压力室4中的液压压力或根据踏板力进行从工作面A2到A1的转换。
为此设置了阀组件21,其布置在活塞3的中央孔11中。如从图1可见,阀组件21包括具有开关活塞13的中央阀12,其中开关活塞13在其端面14上被加载压力室4的压力。此外,开关活塞13限定了开关室15,该开关室通过在活塞3内形成的第二连接孔16与填充室6连接。
如果开关活塞13由于压力室4内的压力克服开关弹簧18的压力而逆着附图中向左的致动方向B移动,则中央阀12打开并且使开关室15通过在活塞3内形成的第三连接孔17与压力介质贮存器5连接,因此只有活塞3的小的第一液压工作面A1还起作用。
因此在达到约0.3g的车辆减速度后,制动主缸1的工作面转换至较小的工作面A1。这使得车辆驾驶员可以通过该活塞3的小的工作面A1,根据制动***和车辆的质量,以法定的500N的踏板力进行制动直至抱死极限。在此踏板行程能保持在直至100mm的在人体工程学方面最佳的范围内。
如果在活塞3处设有三个或更多的工作面A1至An,则也可以设想将阀组件设置在与中央孔11平行的孔中,并分别与最小的压力室4和压力介质贮存器5连接。
为检测制动主缸1的致动行程,设有用于检测活塞3的运动和位置的传感装置,该传感装置可与电子控制和调节单元连接。如从图1可见,在活塞3处设有例如磁体形式的信号发生器19,并且传感元件20位置不变地安装在壳体2上。借助传感装置可以探测活塞3的行程,并检测驾驶员意愿或产生额定值。
压力介质贮存器5可以有利地内置在制动主缸1的壳体2中。
此外,图2还示例性的示出根据本发明的制动***在低效运行中——例如在车载电气***故障时——的踏板行程-踏板力特征曲线K和踏板行程-减速度特征曲线V。
附图标记列表
1制动主缸
2壳体
3活塞
4压力室
5压力介质贮存器
6填充室
7连接孔
8连接管路
9密封圈
10密封圈
11中央孔
12中央阀
13开关活塞
14端面
15开关室
16连接孔
17连接孔
18开关弹簧
19信号发生器
20传感元件
21阀组件
B致动方向
K踏板行程-踏板力特征曲线
V踏板行程-车辆减速度特征曲线
Claims (5)
1.一种“线控制动”类型的机动车的制动***,所述制动***具有:能够借助制动踏板致动的制动主缸(1),所述制动主缸(1)具有壳体(2)和可移动地设置在壳体(2)中的活塞(3),所述活塞与所述壳体(2)一起限定了压力室(4),车轮制动器与所述压力室(4)连接;无压的压力介质贮存器(5);可液压致动的行程模拟器,所述行程模拟器与所述制动主缸(1)共同作用并且具有至少一个弹性元件,所述弹性元件在“线控制动”工作模式中使车辆驾驶员获得舒适的踏板感觉;用于对车轮制动器加载压力的、可电控的、气动的、电的或电液式的致动单元;用于调节和/或控制在车轮制动器处施加的车轮制动压力的调压阀组件;以及电子控制和调节单元,所述电子控制和调节单元控制或调节所述致动单元和/或所述调压阀组件,
其特征在于,所述制动主缸(1)的所述活塞(3)设计为具有至少两个不同大小的液压工作面(A1,A2)的多级活塞,其中,小的第一工作面(A1)分配给所述压力室(4),大的第二工作面(A2)分配给填充室(6),且大的第二液压工作面(A2)在克服闭合行程后起作用,并且根据在所述压力室(4)中的液压压力或根据踏板力进行工作面(A2,A1)的转换。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制动***,其特征在于,借助阀组件(21)进行工作面(A2,A1)的转换。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制动***,其特征在于,所述阀组件(21)具有设置在所述活塞(3)的中央孔(11)中的、具有开关活塞(13)的中央阀(12),其中所述开关活塞(13)被加载所述压力室(4)的压力并且所述开关活塞(13)限定了与所述填充室(6)相连接的开关室(15),所述开关室(15)在所述中央阀(12)的打开位置中与所述压力介质贮存器(5)相连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制动***,其特征在于,所述制动主缸(1)具有用于检测所述活塞(3)的运动和位置的传感装置,其中信号发生器(19)设置在所述活塞(3)上,且传感元件(20)安装在所述壳体上。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的制动***,其特征在于,所述压力介质贮存器(5)内置在所述制动主缸(1)的所述壳体(2)中。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010003380.4 | 2010-03-29 | ||
DE102010003380 | 2010-03-29 | ||
PCT/EP2011/054798 WO2011120955A1 (de) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-03-29 | Bremsanlage für kraftfahrzeuge |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN102822026A CN102822026A (zh) | 2012-12-12 |
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US (1) | US9321436B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2552757B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20130070573A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102822026B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102011006310A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011120955A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (11)
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DE102013216423A1 (de) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-11 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung und Bremsanlage |
DE102013224870A1 (de) | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-11 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Bremsbetätigungseinheit |
DE102013223207A1 (de) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bremssystem für ein Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Bremssystems |
JP6054324B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-06 | 2016-12-27 | 株式会社東芝 | Mmt送信システム、暗号化処理装置 |
DE102014213727A1 (de) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-01-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hauptbremszylinder und Bremssystem für ein Fahrzeug |
EP3328697B1 (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2020-11-25 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Abs strategy for hybrid brake actuators |
DE102015219126A1 (de) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-04-06 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Bremsgerät für eine hydraulische Kraftfahrzeugbremsanlage |
CN107521482A (zh) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-29 | 液压***发展股份有限公司 | 煞车主缸装置及设有该煞车主缸装置的车辆 |
JP6623959B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-12-25 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | 車両の制動制御装置 |
DE102016223758A1 (de) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-05-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hauptbremszylinder, Bremsanlange |
DE102021119504A1 (de) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-02-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Betätigungseinrichtung einer Brake-by-Wire Bremsenvorrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs, insbesondere eines Neigefahrzeugs |
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- 2011-03-29 KR KR1020127027851A patent/KR20130070573A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-03-29 CN CN201180016663.7A patent/CN102822026B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20130070573A (ko) | 2013-06-27 |
EP2552757A1 (de) | 2013-02-06 |
DE102011006310A1 (de) | 2012-12-27 |
CN102822026A (zh) | 2012-12-12 |
EP2552757B1 (de) | 2014-05-07 |
US9321436B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 |
US20130009456A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
WO2011120955A1 (de) | 2011-10-06 |
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