CN102810878B

CN102810878B - Intelligent battery module and method and system for achieving precise management of monomer power batteries

Info

Publication number: CN102810878B
Application number: CN201110141322.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟贞生
Original assignee: SUZHOU SOORUN ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an xinfutong Technology Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2011-05-30
Filing date: 2011-05-30
Publication date: 2017-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-30
Also published as: CN102810878A

Abstract

A method and a system achieve precise management of battery packs not provided with charge and discharge balanced operation units by monitoring and precisely measuring SOC (state of charge) and SOH (state of health) of each monomer battery by means of intelligentized monomer power batteries (provided with intelligent battery modules or chips), and overcome the technical defects that consistency differences among the monomer batteries in each battery pack are increased and accumulated, failure of the backward batteries is accelerated and drag of the whole battery packs is also accelerated due to that fact that various balance operation means are required to be used during operation of the battery packs in the prior art.

Description

Single power battery accurately manages method and system and Smart battery module

Technical field

The present invention relates to the battery management method realized by accurate management single power battery and battery management system, with And intelligence single power battery module, and more particularly to by electric to the accurate management of single power battery, realization Pond group does not need to be equipped with the essence of charge and discharge balancing operating unit for it in access such as electric automobile or energy-storage system run duration Really battery management method and battery management system, and intelligent monomer power used in aforementioned battery management method and system Battery module.

The intelligent single power battery module (for example can include in intelligent battery) of the present invention, battery management method and Battery management system can be applicable to the charge and discharge power station of new-energy automobile such as electric automobile, energy-storage system and electric automobile.This The bright described Smart battery module realizing the accurate management of cell, it is combined with single power battery (can external or built-in reality Apply), make single power battery possess the ability realized self study and update inherent parameters, and guarantee the accurate pipe of set of cells Reason.

Background technology

Electrokinetic cell and by the power battery pack that multiple single power batteries are constituted be electric automobile core component, therefore The service life of power battery pack increasingly receives publicity, and rises for the research of intelligent battery.Widely grind at present The management of the electrokinetic cell studied carefully and promote is substantially balanced management, divides charging, electric discharge and dynamic equalization by equalization function feature； It is divided into energy consumption type and two kinds of feedback type from energy dissipation mode.

In charging process middle and late stage, when monomer voltage meets or exceeds blanking voltage, equalizing circuit starts work to charge balancing Make, reduce monomer electric current, be not higher than charge cutoff voltage to limiting monomer voltage.Similar with charge balancing, equalization discharge exists During cell stack power output, monomer voltage is limited by electric energy supplement and is not less than default final discharging voltage.With charge and put Electrical equalization is different, no matter dynamic equalization is in Charging state, electric discharge state, or floating state, the method that can be changed by energy Realize the balance of monomer voltage in group, keep close charge level SOC (State of Charge) in real time.

Unique function of charge balancing is to prevent overcharge, and the negative effect bringing in electric discharge uses is so that use this Planting equilibrium loses more than gain：When being not added with charge balancing, the little battery of capacity is to a certain degree overcharged, in group any monomer cross put with Before, set of cells output Ah quantity calculation is slightly above monomer minimum capacity.During using charge balancing, small-capacity cells do not overcharge, energy The electricity released is less than the releasable electric energy without slightly overcharging during equalizer so that this cell discharge time is shorter, Cross the probability put just bigger.In addition, when electric machine controller is according to reduction or to stop organizing voltage to reduce to a certain extent During output, due to high capacity cell because charge balancing is charged more electric energy and show higher platform voltage, flood With the Voltage Drop having desalinated small-capacity cells, it is sufficiently high to will appear from organizing voltage, and low capacity monomer is through putting.Equalization discharge Similar to charge balancing situation, the shallow abundance of Large Copacity is put, and low capacity abundance excessively is put, and accelerates the result of monomer performance diversity change It is identical, all can not form really practical product, dynamic equalization has then concentrated the advantage of both of which weighing apparatus, although between monomer Initial capacity is variant, can relatively make up the diversity of charge and discharge electric intensity and depth, but also cannot realize all batteries and reach altogether The target of same end of life.

Energy consumption type shows each cell provides parallel-current branch road, and the cell of overtension is shifted by shunting Electric energy reaches equilibrium purpose, and the device realizing current branch can be controllable resistor, or drives air-conditioning, blower fan through energy converter Deng current consuming apparatus, its essence is that limiting cell by the method for energy expenditure too high or too low terminal voltage, is suitable for Reduce system reliability the features such as use, its high temperature rise in static equilibrium, and increased the energy resource consumption of system.With energy Consumption type is different, and the drift energy between monomer is fed back into some monomers in set of cells or group by energy converter by feedback type. In theory, when ignoring conversion efficiency, feedback not consumed energy, achievable dynamic equalization.Feedback type has higher research valency Value and use value are it is possible to reach practical design.

The balanced way being possible to realize practical design above is dynamic feedback type, and the approach that it is realized is main at present As follows：One kind is automotive system engineering department of scientific ＆ technical corporation of Infineon on E-Cart (a kind of dirigible hybrid vehicle) Realize the technical method of active equalization with multichannel transformator, the structure chart of multichannel transformator active equalization management as shown in Figure 6, Comprising modules (block) after every 12 battery cells in series, primary coil (primary side) is connected with whole set of cells, secondary Level coil (secondary side) is connected with each battery unit.But the shortcoming of this battery management system is manufacturing process will Ask very high, manufacture and control cost all very high.Another is the skill that electricity container " flying to hold " realizes electric charge carrying between battery Art method, Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of this structure, and its shortcoming is that switch arrays are complicated, and electric charge handling efficiency and system reliability set Meter is a dilemma, and system manufacture and control cost are very high.Finally one kind is that each battery is equipped with an energy converter, According to principle and the Technology design of high frequency switch power (SMPS), during charging, small-capacity cells are filled with less energy, shunt circuit Absorb electric energy, during electric discharge, shunt circuit supplements energy, energy converter should realize two-way changing.Various power circuits in principle Improved design can be realized two-way, and simplest scheme is with two-way DC/DC circuit design, and Fig. 8 is a kind of two-way Centralized converter topology figure.The shortcoming mainly hardware cost realizing this programme is too high, and control technology is more complicated.

But, to those skilled in the art, above-mentioned various apparently most possibly reach practical design at present The maximum problem of technology is all that system structure is complicated, and manufacturing cost is high, even if battery life is to be equipped with dynamic feedback equal After balance system, whole group battery life remain by group least life cell life-span determine, above equalization scheme Big benefit is using electric automobile as main body, and battery is integrated with vehicle body, is substantially changed without battery during use, to mixed Close power vehicle more suitable.However, the feelings that are possibly realized of demand for the electrokinetic cell being worked using quick replacing modes Under condition, various equalization methods of the prior art and its system structure can not be applied to realize accurately managing, also not effectively Use cost can effectively be reduced and technical difficulty is realized in simplification.

So either active equalization or passively equalizing system, its starting point is all to cell in set of cells not Concordance carries out equalization operation, but this operation either static equilibrium or dynamic feedback all accelerate wherein that the capacity life-span is The workload of low battery and accelerate it aging, be more or less exaggerated original discordance between cell so that whole The Battery pack life-span is determined by the cell in this lowest capacity life-span, so that whole group battery is far smaller than general The life-span of logical cell, the set of cells (particularly lithium battery group) to pure (or plug-in) electric automobile or energy-storage system, adopt Said method is taken not to be wise selection.

The present inventor is through research it has been realized that for pure (or plug-in) electric automobile or energy-storage system Battery (particularly lithium battery) group management system, because the amount of equalization operation in conventional methods where is more big more, more in increasing group Consistent gender gap between battery cell, the effect of accumulation is to make behindhand battery accelerate to lose efficacy, and also accelerates to wear whole group battery down simultaneously.

In order to solve described problem present in prior art, the present invention propose ensure each cell do not overcharge and Cross and on the premise of putting, be reduced as far as or even cancel the equalization operation to battery cell, but every using being deep in set of cells The accurate management method of the charge level (SOC) of individual cell and capacity attenuation level (SOH) and management system, in conjunction with replacing The operating platform that battery mode provides, by intelligent and markization cell, to the battery exceeding certain SOH level again Combo, thus can reduce or even cancel commonly use at present the equalization operation Working mould between cell in set of cells Formula, substitutes the accurate management to cell with the charge level of accurate measurement cell and the realization of capacity attenuation level, from And charge and discharge balancing operating unit need not be equipped with set of cells.In addition, the present invention also requires to realize all cells to dispatch from the factory Unique identifiability afterwards and trackability.Meanwhile, the present invention is realized by configuring Smart battery module to single power battery Intelligent battery, certainly intelligent battery will be widely used in the energy-storage system of electric automobile field and new forms of energy and its His association area.

Content of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of (configure intelligence for single power battery by intelligent single power battery Energy battery module), to monitor the charge level (SOC) with each cell of accurate measurement and capacity attenuation level (SOH), real Show the accurate management method to the set of cells not being equipped with charge and discharge balancing operating unit and management system, and another purpose It is that the Smart battery module being applied in said method and system is provided.The present invention is by above-mentioned management method and management system solution Existing set of cells run duration of having determined needs using battery list in various equalization operation means, on the contrary increasing and accumulation set of cells Consistent gender gap between body, behindhand battery is made to accelerate to lose efficacy, also accelerate to wear the technology drawback of whole group battery down simultaneously.

To achieve these goals, the refined cell management method of the present invention comprises the following steps：

(a) Smart battery module or implanted chip or be fixed on the new battery of monomer, and writing in unique identification code or address code；

B () initializes the Smart battery module of the new battery of monomer；

C the new battery of () monomer and Smart battery module connect intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, the new battery of monomer by setting or can be advised Model requirement is fully charged, then completes the operation of the self study before the new battery of monomer enables；

D () Smart battery module uploads the parameter after cell self study to battery operation data center and battery dispatches from the factory When design parameter, complete the registration at described battery operation data center for the cell；

E () battery operation data center, according to the various parameters of the cell of registration in its data base, completes data base The combo of interior cell, completes that set of cells after combo etc. is to be accessed to be enabled；

F set of cells that () completes combo accesses after electric automobile or energy-storage system enable, system host control unit with every Individual Smart battery module is set up data exchange channel and is managed its operation；

(g) set of cells in run duration, each Smart battery module real time measure synchronized upload itself charge level and Magnitude of voltage, Smart battery module also estimates the change of itself capacity attenuation level in set of cells run duration, wherein above electricity Pond data as system host control unit manage set of cells foundation, also serve as set of cells under charge and discharge mode with electrical network The two-way foundation closed the account；

(h) set of cells in each charge or discharge of run duration, with real-time voltage highest in set of cells or minimum monomer Battery is as the cut-off standard of charge or discharge；

I the charge level difference of () set of cells run duration monomer battery voltage soprano and the lowest exceedes setting threshold Value, system host control unit then sends maintenance and reports to the police or lower electricity instruction；

Under (j) set of cells electricity or offline after, described set of cells is connected with intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, cell intelligently electric Pond module uploads of battery identification code, up-to-date charge level and capacity attenuation level, change the required payment electricity charge as this Battery pack Foundation with battery service wear expense；

K () intelligent recharge and discharge equipment completes the accurate supplement of charge level to 100% to each cell in set of cells Electricity, wherein each cell update inherent parameters completing self study during charge level reaches 100% charging process, and lead to Cross intelligent recharge and discharge equipment and upload the data after each cell self study to battery operation data center；

(m) battery operation data center receive cell data after determine set of cells reactivate or cell again Combo, described battery data includes the actual capacity of each cell and the deviation of capacity attenuation level；

(n) completed to supplement electricity or again the set of cells after combo wait and enabling；

Wherein, if judging to need combo cell again in step (m), battery operation data center is according to it The cell latest data of memory storage, completes the combo of cell again；

If judging to reactivate set of cells in step (m), directly stand-by because completing to supplement electricity.

From the operation accessing electric automobile or energy-storage system run duration in set of cells described above can be seen that with Traditional technology except that, set of cells does not need to be equipped with charge and discharge balancing operating unit again in run duration or discharge and recharge is equal Weighing apparatus module, which reduces equalization operation used in prior art and avoids the use of various equilibrium means set of cells is produced The drawbacks of raw adverse effect.

In one embodiment of the invention, present invention also offers realizing cell intelligentized intelligent battery mould Block, this Smart battery module and battery have been implemented in combination with the intelligent monomer power current possessing self study and updating inherent parameters ability Pond, described combination can be external or built-in enforcement.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is further provided accurately manage with single power battery of the present invention The intelligent battery management that cell intellectuality, battery operation, battery maintenance and the battery data that implementation method is adapted exchanges System, as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10.

Beneficial effects of the present invention can be drawn by the description and accompanying drawing reading the present invention, monomer of the present invention The accurate management method of electrokinetic cell and system can be realized set of cells and be unworthy of during accessing the vehicle-mounted or use of energy-storage system Standby charge and discharge balancing operating unit, solves each in the use of set of cells run duration in existing power battery management method and system The increasing that kind equalization operation means are brought with the consistent gender gap between battery cell in accumulation set of cells and makes behindhand battery add Fast inefficacy, acceleration wear the technology drawback of whole group battery down.The present invention includes charge level, monomer electricity except realizing power battery pack Tankage Reduction Level, outside interior refined cell management function, can also realize cell intelligent object in whole lifetime Self study data update and store, and can using in each cell intelligent object preservation producer when dispatching from the factory set Charge level after meter parameter and itself real-time self study renewal, capacity attenuation level, charge/discharge ratio data, actual appearance Amount, as battery offline after each monomer safeguard or combo again information foundation, thus realizing cell again Permutation and combination, protects and the concrete surplus working life using all batteries to greatest extent.

Brief description

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail by reference to the following drawings, the features and advantages of the present invention will be implemented and Become more fully apparent.It will be noted that in the description of the present invention with same or analogous reference represent identical unit, Part or step or function, wherein：

The schematic flow diagram of the accurate management method of single power battery is realized in Fig. 1 description；

Fig. 2 describes initial self study and data registration, the schematic flow diagram of combo of the new battery of monomer in detail；

Fig. 3 is not equipped with the battery management exemplary flow of the set of cells of charge and discharge balancing operating unit after describing combo in detail Figure；

Fig. 4 describes in detail electric under set of cells or safeguards afterwards offline, supplements electricity and cell intelligent object self study, again Combo schematic flow diagram；

Fig. 5 description includes the Smart battery module structural representation realizing the accurate management of cell in intelligent battery Figure；

Fig. 6 describes a kind of structural representation of employing active balancing method in prior art；

Fig. 7 describes the structural representation of another kind of equalization methods in prior art；

A kind of two-way centralized converter topology figure of the prior art of Fig. 8 description；

Fig. 9 is described in the structural representation changing the Intelligent battery management system of operation under battery mode；

Figure 10 is described in the structural representation of the Intelligent battery management system of operation under charge/discharge pattern.

Specific embodiment

In an embodiment of the present invention, the present inventors have noted that capacity level decay during, in most cases The rising of internal resistance occurs, because the hardware requirement of inner walkway is high, and uncertainty is also big, and therefore the present invention proposes to use After battery full charge, the released capacity of electric discharge and the ratio being completely filled with the capacity being filled with needed for electricity again substitute completely, this capacity Ratio is referred to as cell charging/discharging ratio in the present invention, and this requires that battery not only will be realized recognizable ID and input as itself Brand, type, capacity, service life, temperature coefficient of capacity, self-discharge rate are such to manufacture and design parameter and record discharge and recharge time Number, with greater need for constantly learning and update the capacity attenuation level of battery and represent in battery whole battery is interim The charge/discharge ratio that resistance increases, this process runs through whole battery all the time, that is, list of the present invention Body electrokinetic cell self study process, the battery possessing self-learning function just can be described as real intelligent battery.Here, also should note Anticipate and arrive：On the whole life cycle process nature of battery or process that actually parameters gradually degrade, specifically Performance is exactly the decay of capacity level, decays to characterize the life cycle of battery by SOH.Battery capacity Reduction Level is in electricity Chi Gang starts to be defined as SOH=1 when enabling (before combo), and those skilled in the art typically set battery capacity Reduction Level The a certain percentage dropping to its initial capacity level is battery destination node, for example, set under battery capacity level Drop to its initial capacity level 70% when for battery service life destination node, then SOH=0.7 now.

Fig. 1 show the schematic flow diagram being to realize the accurate management method of single power battery of the present invention.Referring to Fig. 1 Shown, in step S01, Smart battery module (or chip) is implanted or secured to the new battery of monomer, and writing in unique identification code (or Address code).In step S02, initialize the Smart battery module of the new battery of monomer.In the step completing the initialization new battery of monomer Afterwards, the inventive method proceeds to step S03, and monomer new battery the two poles of the earth and Smart battery module connect intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, The new battery of monomer can be fully charged by setting or code requirement, then completes the operation of the self study before the new battery of monomer enables.Complete After self study, in step S04, intelligent object uploads parameter and battery after cell self study to battery operation data center Design parameter when dispatching from the factory, completes the registration at described battery operation data center for the cell.In step S05, battery Operation data center, according to the various parameters of the cell of registration in its data base, completes joining of cell in data base Group.Set of cells after combo etc. is to be accessed after the above step is finished enables.

Next, the set of cells after step S06, combo accesses and enables.In step S07, system host control unit with In group, each Smart battery module is set up data exchange channel and is managed its operation.Set of cells is in operation, in step S08, often Individual cell intelligent object real time measure synchronized upload itself charge level and magnitude of voltage, cell intelligent object is in electricity Pond group run duration also estimates the change of itself capacity attenuation level, and above battery data is as system host control unit pipe The foundation of reason set of cells, also serves as set of cells and in the charge/discharge stake under charge and discharge mode or provides charge-discharge machine management battery for oneself Group discharge and recharge and the foundation closed the account two-way with electrical network.In step S09, set of cells in each charge or discharge of run duration, Using in group, real-time voltage highest or minimum cell are as the cut-off standard of charge or discharge.Further, in step S10, In set of cells operation, monomer battery voltage highest and the lowest charge level difference exceed given threshold, system host control unit Generate maintenance to report to the police or lower electricity instruction.Afterwards, electricity or offline under step S11, set of cells.

The method of the present invention proceeds to step S12 below, is connected with intelligent recharge and discharge equipment in this step set of cells, monomer Battery uploads of battery identification code, up-to-date charge level and capacity attenuation level, as this Battery pack change required pay the electricity charge and The foundation of battery service wear expense.Next, each cell completes charge level to 100% in step S13, set of cells Accurately supplement electricity.In step S14, each cell completes self study during charge level reaches 100% charging process Update inherent parameters, and uploaded after each cell self study to battery operation data center by intelligent recharge and discharge equipment Data.In step S15, battery operation data center determines that set of cells reactivates or cell after receiving cell data Again combo, described battery data includes the actual capacity of each cell, capacity attenuation horizontal departure value.If in step Judge in S15 to need again the cell in combo set of cells, then the inventive method proceeds to step S16, and number runed by battery According to center according to the cell latest data of its memory storage, again complete the combo of cell.If sentenced in step S15 Surely reactivate set of cells, be then directly entered step S17 because having completed in step S13 to supplement electricity.Step S17 is to have completed to mend Set of cells after charging or again combo waits and enabling.

Register, join further by the initial self study for the new battery of monomer of the present invention before enabling illustrated in detail and data for Fig. 2 The schematic flow diagram of group.

First, in step S001, (external) is fixed on the new battery of monomer or is implanted into (built-in) write in battery The Smart battery module (or chip) of unique address code or identification code, realizes recognizableization of the new battery of monomer.

In step S002, initialize the Smart battery module of cell.Initialization procedure includes inputting current time, life Make battery intelligent module start normal work, input such as cell manufacturer or brand, dispatch from the factory or manufacture target date, electricity Setting when pond type, nominal capacity (design capacity), service life, temperature coefficient of capacity, these batteries of self discharge coefficient dispatch from the factory Meter parameter, and above-mentioned parameter is stored in nonvolatile memory by Smart battery module.

In step S003, after completing to initialize the step of the new battery of monomer, monomer new battery the two poles of the earth and intelligent battery Module connects intelligent recharge and discharge device or intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, and setting pressed by the new battery of monomer or code requirement is fully charged, then complete Self study operation before becoming the new battery of monomer to enable.Concrete operations are that cell requires completely to fill according to setting or standard first Electrically operated, this cell intelligent object confirms that itself charge level is to send full electric discharge to intelligent charge/discharge equipment after 100% Then completely charged operational order again, is completed to a cell from full electric discharge again to complete by the Smart battery module of the present invention The self study process charging, but this self study process can also be carried out from being entirely charged to full electric discharge opposite direction.Subsequently, described intelligence Battery module can calculate the actual capacity that electric discharge and full charging process cell are released and be filled with entirely and thus calculate Go out charge/discharge ratio data, in actual capacity described in the nonvolatile memory memory storage of its own and charge/discharge ratio Data, the self study before the new battery of monomer enables completes, that is, complete the initial self study of the new battery of monomer.

In step S004, completing the new battery intelligent module of the monomer after self study, to read its own by primary processor non-easily Lose property memorizer, via its data bus serial ports or by connect in intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, in battery operation data Pass the design parameter when battery including self identification code described in step S002 dispatches from the factory in the heart, and through step Cell actual capacity and charge/discharge ratio data that in S003, self study process is confirmed, complete intelligent monomer newly electric Pond is to the registration of battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base.

In step S005, battery operation data center (or battery Operation Network data base) stores each cell and uploads Dispatch from the factory design parameter data and self study supplemental characteristic, according in described data base registration cell dispatch from the factory design ginseng Number data, and to screen registered according to actual capacity, capacity attenuation level, charge/discharge ratio data and self discharge coefficient The cell of registration, thus be configured to the set of cells that above-mentioned parameter Tolerance level can reach design requirement.Here should note Anticipate and arrive, battery capacity Reduction Level is defined as SOH=1 when battery just starts and enables (before combo).

In step S006, after completing above-mentioned combo step, or not is not equipped with charge and discharge balancing operating unit (or charge and discharge balancing Module) set of cells etc. to be accessed enable, and in embodiments of the present invention, the electric automobile to be accessed such as described set of cells or energy storage System enables.

Fig. 3 show the Part II realized in the accurate management method of single power battery of the present invention, that is, after combo It is not equipped with the set of cells of charge and discharge balancing operating unit battery management method flow process used in for example vehicle-mounted or energy-storage system Figure.

First, set of cells accesses and enables, and described set of cells accesses electric automobile or energy-storage system in embodiments of the present invention Enable.Next, the method for the present invention proceeds to step S007, the intelligent battery mould of set of cells each battery interior in this step Between the main control unit (being referred to as system host control unit) of block and electric automobile or energy-storage system, by bus (as CAN, RS485 bus etc.) or power line carrier technology transmission signal is used or in intelligence by electric wire between battery Wireless communication technology can be used in battery module, the multicast technology such as CDMA, FDMA, realize monomer during set of cells is run Data exchange between the Smart battery module of battery and electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit and thus set up data Interchange channel, electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit detection battery set charge/discharge electric current are simultaneously sent to by data/address bus Each Smart battery module, is managed the operation of whole set of cells accordingly by electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit.

In step S008, set of cells in running (electric discharge and charging process), the Smart battery module of each cell Receive the set of cells real-time charging and discharging currents data sending from electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit, according to set of cells Charge and discharge amount and number of times, open circuit standby time, calculate the real-time charge level of cell (SOC) and estimated capacity Reduction Level (SOH) change, is stored in itself nonvolatile memory, and synchronously to described electric automobile or energy-storage system main control The real-time battery data that unit uploads including the cell real-time voltage gathering, charge level and capacity attenuation level is made Manage the foundation of set of cells for it, wherein open circuit standby time is determined by cell intelligent object primary processor.When intelligent electricity Pond group make under in electric automobile or energy-storage system from charge and discharge mode charge and discharge electrically operated when, each cell intelligence electricity Pond module receives from charge/discharge stake or provides the set of cells real-time charging and discharging currents data that discharge charge motor sends for oneself, and synchronously to Described charge/discharge stake or provide for oneself discharge charge motor upload includes collection cell real-time voltage, charge level, as described Charge/discharge stake or provide for oneself discharge charge motor set of cells is carried out management of charging and discharging and operation foundation, also serve as set of cells charging palpus The expense paying to electrical network or set of cells are caned, to electrical network feed, the rates ground obtaining remuneration from electrical network.

In step S009, set of cells is in operation when charging every time, and electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit are with electricity In the group of pond, real-time voltage highest cell is as the reference index of charge cutoff.As it is known by the man skilled in the art that reference The concrete magnitude of voltage of index will be determined according to the highest safe charge voltage limit value of the battery of species used, for example, to iron phosphate Lithium battery real-time monomer battery voltage not more than 3.6～3.65V using in set of cells is as the charge cutoff point of whole group battery (cut-off standard).And set of cells is in operation when discharging every time, according to the cell conduct that real-time voltage in set of cells is minimum The reference index of electric discharge cut-off, equally, the concrete magnitude of voltage of reference index will be put according to the minimum safe of the battery of species used Piezoelectric voltage limit value, to determine, for example, is made with the minimum 2.3V that is not less than of monomer battery voltage real-time in set of cells to ferric phosphate lithium cell Electric discharge cut-off point for whole group battery.Although in the present embodiment, the present invention using ferric phosphate lithium cell as example illustrate as What setting cut-off standard.But, those skilled in the art are it will be noted that for other power in addition to ferric phosphate lithium cell Battery, can be according to the associated charge cutoff point of specification and requirement setting and electric discharge cut-off point.

In step S010, set of cells is in operation, and in set of cells, the charge level of the minimum cell of voltage determines The remaining preparation time of set of cells or remaining driving mileage (when it is applied to electric automobile), once and fill in set of cells When electricity or electric discharge, the charge level difference between the cell of ceiling voltage and minimum voltage exceedes the threshold value of setting, electronic vapour Car or energy-storage system main control unit issue the user with cell in set of cells and need the warning safeguarded or lower electricity to instruct.

Electricity or offline under step S011, set of cells.

Fig. 4 show the Part III realized in the accurate management method of single power battery of the present invention, i.e. set of cells Lower electricity or offline after filling, electrical changing station is connected with intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, complete to safeguard, supplement electricity and the renewal of self study data, Again the flow chart of combo.In addition, then to battery operation data center or battery Operation Network number in the case of changing battery Register latest data according to storehouse.

First, in step S012, set of cells or cell are filling, electrical changing station and intelligent recharge and discharge equipment or digital independent Equipment (such as portable detector) connects, and uploads each monomer to battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base The identification code (or address code) of battery, up-to-date charge level and capacity attenuation level, and as calculate the electricity charge, battery loss take and The information foundation safeguarded.

Next, in step S013, setting up number in set of cells or cell when being connected with above-mentioned intelligent recharge and discharge equipment According to interchange channel, and initial charge is carried out to the cell in the set of cells of series connection.In the present embodiment, initial charge mode of operation It is the reference index ended as set of cells serial connection charge using real-time voltage highest cell in set of cells, concrete magnitude of voltage To be determined according to the highest safe charge voltage limit value of the battery of species used, for example, to ferric phosphate lithium cell with set of cells Monomer battery voltage not more than 3.6～3.65V is as the charge cutoff point of whole group battery in real time.

After initial charge pattern terminates, intelligent recharge and discharge equipment is switched to the accurate charge mode to cell, so-called Accurately charge mode is exactly to upload own monomer battery in fact from each cell intelligent object to intelligent recharge and discharge equipment The voltage on border and charge level SOC, intelligent charge equipment controls the accurate charging to each cell until each monomer is electric The charge level SOC in pond reaches 100%.Or directly each is accurately charged to each cell by intelligent recharge and discharge equipment The charge level SOC of battery reaches 100%, so it is desirable to intelligent recharge and discharge equipment possesses to each cell in set of cells Carry out the function of precise control discharge and recharge, each cell completes accurately to supplement the process of electricity.

In step S014, each cell completes intelligent battery during charge level SOC reaches 100% charging process Module self study update inherent parameters again, and pass through intelligent recharge and discharge equipment after charging complete in battery operation data The heart or battery Operation Network data base upload the data after each monomer intelligent battery self study.

In step S015, battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base are according to set of cells after self study again The actual capacity of each interior cell, capacity attenuation horizontal departure value, decide whether to reactivate set of cells or judge to need Will be to cell in set of cells again combo.

Further, the said method of the present invention may also determine whether to carry out self study again to correct to Individual cells Related important parameter.

If judging to need again the cell in combo set of cells in step S015, the inventive method proceeds to Step S016, battery operation data center or battery Operation Network database root according to the cell latest data of its memory storage, Again complete the combo of cell.

If judging to reactivate set of cells in step S015, because set of cells completes to supplement in step S013 Electricity, is directly to step S017.In step S017, completed to supplement electricity or again the set of cells after combo wait and enabling.

Operating process under changing battery mode for the invention as described above battery management method.But the present invention's In embodiment, described set of cells is not reaching in the consistent gender gap of cell in the normal operation need replacing set of cells, then Charge/discharge stake can be accessed at any time or provide charge-discharge machine for oneself, complete set of cells supplements electricity or the operation to electrical network feed.This When, when set of cells is when operating under charge/discharge pattern, it is convenient to omit send cell to battery operation data center up-to-date The step that data and again combo etc. are associated.

The present invention need before to cell self study and combo the new battery of monomer Smart battery module non-easily Design parameter in the property lost memorizer, when writing in unique identification code and storage battery are dispatched from the factory, this process is for follow-up monomer electricity Pond is intelligent and self study is accurately managed thus realizing the whole lifetime of cell with its cells management data and instruction The purpose of reason.Therefore, a write unique address fixing or being implanted in cell on cell described above Code or the Smart battery module of identification code, make battery become the intelligence truly having self-learning function, can accurately managing Can battery.The Smart battery module (or chip) of realizing cell accurate management method is described more fully below.

As shown in figure 5, the Smart battery module being positioned on cell or in it according to the present invention includes：Main Processor 1, nonvolatile memory 2, acquisition module 3,4 four parts of communication module, wherein：Primary processor 1 is responsible for intelligence electricity Accurate measurement when pond module is put into effect to the charge level of cell and capacity attenuation level, and pass through communication module synchronized upload Itself charge level and magnitude of voltage, and the change of itself the capacity attenuation level in the estimation of set of cells run duration, above Battery data as system host control unit manage set of cells foundation, this primary processor can be by single-chip microcomputer, DSP, FPGA or application-specific integrated circuit ASIC etc. realize；Memorizer 2 is for storing cell in the heart area in battery operation data Not in the design parameter of producer and the week in life-span when uniquely can recognize that ID code and storage cell dispatch from the factory of other monomers battery The nonvolatile memory of the data of renewal is needed after interim self study；Acquisition module 3 utilizes the money providing in primary processor 1 Source, for example described resource includes voltage acquisition unit, temperature collecting cell, and more specifically, voltage acquisition unit adopts main place Reason device 1 interior AD sampling, gathers battery voltage data between lead to cell positive and negative polarities, and temperature acquisition uses main process task Integrated temperature sensor in device 1, thus directly monitor the Temperature numerical of position point by temperature sensor；Communication module 4 mode of operation can adopt various data/address bus, such as RS485, RS422, RS232, CAN serial data transfer bus, also may be used With using RFID (radio RF recognition technology), CDMA (CDMA), FDMA (frequency division multiple access) wireless transmission transmission side data Formula, or PLC (power line carrier) data transfer mode, these buses or data transfer mode can form cell intelligence Data transfer between energy module and electric automobile or the main control unit of energy-storage system and read/write channel, electric automobile or energy storage System master unit detection battery set charge/discharge electric current is simultaneously sent to each Smart battery module by data/address bus.For letter For the sake of change, in Fig. 5, merely illustrate the communication module 4 of Smart battery module and the main control unit of electric automobile or energy-storage system Between connection.But the invention is not limited in this, in addition to the diagram as example, above-mentioned cell intelligent object Communication module can also connect according to the battery management method of the present invention and intelligent recharge and discharge equipment to execute corresponding operation, example As carried out data exchange.Battery intelligent module reads data in its own nonvolatile memory by primary processor, via certainly Body data/address bus serial ports or by connect in intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, to battery operation data center upload include self identification The design parameter when interior battery dispatches from the factory for the code, and the cell actual capacity that confirmed through self study process and filling Electricity/electric discharge ratio data, completes the new battery of intelligent monomer to the note of battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base Volume registration.

In embodiment of the present invention intelligent recharge and discharge described above equipment, its each included intelligent recharge and discharge module The power electronics function mould that only there is independent charge function and there is charge/discharge two-way function simultaneously can be designed to Block, to meet different battery electric charging stations and battery dispatches from the factory test and the different demands safeguarded, therefore, different from changing battery mould Operation in formula, the set of cells that the consistent gender gap of the cell in set of cells is not reaching to need to change requirement is normally operated Period, in order to meet the charging in general park field with residence for the electric automobile or to electrical network feed demand that is to say, that being Allow to access at any time charge/discharge stake or provide for oneself discharge charge motor complete set of cells supplement electrically operated, such charge/discharge Stake or provide the operator scheme of discharge charge electric machine structure for oneself and be referred to as from charge/discharge pattern.As an example, refer to the attached drawing 10 is retouched The Intelligent battery management system operating under charge/discharge pattern stated.

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, invention further describes accurately managing realization side with single power battery of the present invention The battery management system that the related cell intellectuality of method, battery operation, battery maintenance and battery data exchange, wherein Fig. 9 It is the structural representation of the Intelligent battery management system of operation under changing battery mode, Figure 10 is under charge/discharge pattern The structural representation of the Intelligent battery management system of operation.

Shown in Fig. 9 change battery mode under operation system structure diagram in, described battery management system by Intelligent battery group, system host control unit, connecting valve, intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, intelligent battery operation data center and be System load is constituted.System host control unit and system load are located in electric automobile or energy-storage system.Wherein intelligent battery group Connected and composed via communication bus and charge-discharge electric power loop (electric current line as shown in FIG.) by multiple intelligent batteries；Connecting valve (K1, K2, K3, K4), for set of cells and the wherein communication bus of each cell and system host control unit and intelligence Connection between charging/discharging apparatus, and for battery set charge/discharge loop of power circuit and system load and intelligent recharge and discharge equipment room Connect；Intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, for connecting the Smart battery module being initialised of the new battery of monomer and the new battery of monomer, and Fully charged to the new battery of monomer by setting or code requirement, then complete the operation of the self study before the new battery of monomer enables, wherein When described Smart battery module is for dispatching from the factory to the parameter after the upload cell self study of battery operation data center and battery Design parameter；Battery operation data center, for storing design parameter and the self study parameter of the upload of each cell, and According to the various parameters of the cell of registration in its data base, complete the combo of cell in data base, after completing combo Set of cells etc. to be accessed enable；The one of which connecting valve of described connecting valve is assembled into electronic in the battery completing combo Be closed after automobile or energy-storage system and another group of connecting valve is off, the Smart battery module of each battery be Set up data exchange channel between system main control unit and realize data exchange；Described Smart battery module, exists for set of cells Run duration calculates the change of the real-time charge level of cell and estimated capacity Reduction Level, synchronously to described system master Unit processed uploads the real-time battery data including the cell real-time voltage gathering, charge level and capacity attenuation level Manage the foundation of set of cells as it；Described system master unit, is the control centre that electric automobile or energy-storage system run, The enforcement data management set of cells simultaneously being uploaded according to each cell, and during charge or discharge, highest is electric in set of cells In the case that charge level difference between the cell of pressure and minimum voltage exceedes the threshold value of setting, issue the user with set of cells Interior cell needs the warning safeguarded or lower electricity instruction；Under set of cells electricity or offline after, described set of cells and intelligent recharge and discharge Equipment connects, the Smart battery module uploads of battery identification code of cell, up-to-date charge level and capacity attenuation level, now One group of connecting valve therein is disconnected, and another group switchs connection intelligent recharge and discharge equipment communication bus and power respectively and return Road, completes set of cells and supplement electricity, maintenance and the battery data of cell exchange；Intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, it is right to be at this moment used for Each cell completes the supplementary electric process that charge level reaches 100%, and described Smart battery module is again in the process Self study simultaneously updates inherent parameters, and passes through intelligent recharge and discharge equipment after charging complete to battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base uploads the data after each monomer intelligent battery self study, and battery operation data center, then according to again The actual capacity of each cell in set of cells after self study, capacity attenuation horizontal departure value, decide whether to reactivate Set of cells or judgement need to cell in set of cells again combo.

Specifically, wherein, K1 and K3 is set of cells and the wherein communication bus of each cell and system master respectively Machine control unit (electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit) and the connecting valve of intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, and, K2 and K4 It is that battery set charge/discharge loop of power circuit is loaded with electric automobile or energy-storage system and the connection of intelligent recharge and discharge equipment room is opened respectively Close.Further illustrate, intelligent recharge and discharge equipment as described in accompanying drawing 9 is located in electric charging station, in method of the present invention embodiment Described in, battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base's (not shown) store on each cell Dispatch from the factory design parameter data and the self study supplemental characteristic passing, according to the design parameter that dispatches from the factory of the cell of registration in data base Data, and screen registered registration according to actual capacity, capacity attenuation level, charge/discharge ratio data and self discharge coefficient Cell, thus being configured to the set of cells that above-mentioned parameter Tolerance level can reach design requirement.Complete the battery of combo After being assembled into electric automobile or energy-storage system, closure K1 and K2 switchs and K3 and K4 switch is in nature off-state, this Under on off state, build between the Smart battery module of each battery and electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit in set of cells Vertical data exchange channel and realize data exchange.Once set of cells needs to change or maintenance off-line, then disconnect K1 and K2 switch, K3 Connect intelligent recharge and discharge equipment communication bus and the loop of power circuit of electric charging station with K4 switch respectively, complete set of cells and monomer electricity The supplementary electricity in pond, maintenance and battery data exchange work, and the intelligent recharge and discharge equipment in electric charging station passes through LCN local communications network Before and after network or the Internet and intelligent battery operation data center's communicating battery group and the charging of each cell or before and after maintenance Related data, completes the renewal of each cell data storage intracardiac and battery user in battery operation data and changes battery Charging and payment work.K1 and K2 switch off and K3 and K4 switch closure connect in the state of, each cell is complete Become charge level to reach in 100% charging process Smart battery module self study update inherent parameters again, and charging After the completion of each monomer intelligence is uploaded to battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base by intelligent recharge and discharge equipment Data after energy battery self study.For example, for lower electricity or offline after set of cells, battery operation data center or battery operation Network data base can complete the combo of cell again according to the cell latest data of its memory storage.

Figure 10 show the system structure diagram in the operation under charge/discharge pattern, with the intelligent battery pipe shown in Fig. 9 Reason system structure is essentially similar, and the charging being most suitably adapted at present in extensive pilot and the system structure of fast charge mode are shown Be intended to, in Figure 10 K1 and K2 be set of cells in on-line operation and charge/discharge stake or provide for oneself communication bus between discharge charge motor and Switch between loop of power circuit, and eliminate the set of cells shown in Fig. 9 and electric automobile or energy-storage system main control unit and bear Connecting valve between load.Set of cells is not reaching in the consistent gender gap of cell in the normal operation need replacing set of cells, Charge/discharge stake or communication bus and the loop of power circuit of providing discharge charge motor for oneself can be accessed at any time, complete set of cells supplement electricity or Operation to electrical network feed.In addition, this intelligent recharge and discharge equipment is located at charge/discharge stake or provides for oneself in discharge charge motor, in this enforcement Can be according to different demands in example, described intelligent recharge and discharge equipment is designed to include the charging mould with independent charge function Block (being at this moment also referred to as intelligent charge equipment) and the charge-discharge modules with two kinds of functions of charging and discharging feedback.More enter one Step, can also pass through locally to lead to positioned at charge/discharge stake and the intelligent recharge and discharge equipment (as shown in Figure 10) in discharge charge motor provided for oneself Communication network or the Internet and intelligent battery operation data center's (not shown) communicating battery group and each cell charge and discharge Electricity before and after related data, complete battery charge or to electrical network feed charging and delivery operation.

Although switch K1, K2, K3, K4 in figure 9 and in figure 10 are drawn as a point row device, required also according to practical operation Can be designed to completely meet the AN connector of Ministry of Industry and Information's relevant interface and charge and discharge power station General Requirement.

Although description above describes in detail and realizes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated that the present invention not office Be limited to specific embodiment shown and described herein, but without departing substantially from the scope of the invention defined in appended claims or Can make various changes and modifications under conditions of spirit.It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that these are altered or modified all at this Within the scope of invention.

Claims

1. a kind of realize single power battery accurately management method it is characterised in that：The method comprises the following steps：

B () initializes the Smart battery module of the new battery of monomer；

C the new battery of () monomer and Smart battery module connect intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, the new battery of monomer can be wanted by setting or specification Ask fully charged, then complete the operation of the self study before the new battery of monomer enables；

(d) Smart battery module to battery operation data center upload monomer new battery self study after parameter and battery dispatch from the factory when Design parameter, complete the registration at described battery operation data center for the new battery of monomer；

E () battery operation data center, according to the various parameters of the cell of registration in its data base, completes single in data base The combo of body battery, completes that set of cells after combo etc. is to be accessed to be enabled；

F set of cells that () completes combo accesses after electric automobile or energy-storage system enable, system host control unit and each intelligence Battery module can set up data exchange channel and manage its operation；

(g) set of cells in run duration, each Smart battery module real time measure synchronized upload itself charge level and voltage Value, Smart battery module also estimates the change of itself capacity attenuation level in set of cells run duration, wherein above cell number According to the foundation managing set of cells as system host control unit, also serve as set of cells in the charge/discharge stake under charge and discharge mode Or provide discharge charge motor management battery set charge/discharge and the foundation closed the account two-way with electrical network for oneself；

(h) set of cells in each charge or discharge of run duration, with real-time voltage highest in set of cells or minimum cell Cut-off standard as charge or discharge；

I the charge level difference of () set of cells run duration monomer battery voltage soprano and the lowest exceedes given threshold, be System master machine control unit then sends maintenance and reports to the police or lower electricity instruction；

Under (j) set of cells electricity or offline after, described set of cells is connected with intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, the intelligent battery mould of cell Block uploads of battery identification code, up-to-date charge level and capacity attenuation level, change the required payment electricity charge and electricity as this Battery pack The foundation of pond service wear expense；

K () intelligent recharge and discharge equipment completes the accurately supplementary electricity of charge level to 100% to each cell in set of cells, its In each cell update inherent parameters completing self study during charge level reaches 100% charging process, and pass through intelligence The data after each cell self study can be uploaded to battery operation data center by charging/discharging apparatus；

L () battery operation data center determines that set of cells reactivates or cell is joined again after receiving cell data Group, described battery data includes the actual capacity of each cell and the deviation of capacity attenuation level；

(m) completed to supplement electricity or again the set of cells after combo wait and enabling；

Wherein, if judging to need combo cell again in step (1), battery operation data center is according to its internal memory The cell latest data of storage, completes the combo of cell again；

If judging to reactivate set of cells in step (1), directly stand-by because completing to supplement electricity.

2. according to described in claim 1 realize single power battery accurately management method it is characterised in that：Described realization is single When the method that body electrokinetic cell accurately manages operates under changing battery mode, initialization step (b) inclusion input current time, Order battery intelligent module starts normal work, and input includes the new battery manufacturers of monomer or brand, dispatching from the factory or manufacturing completes day Phase, battery types, nominal capacity, service life, temperature coefficient of capacity, the self discharge coefficient design ginseng when interior battery dispatches from the factory Number, and above-mentioned design parameter is stored in its nonvolatile memory by Smart battery module, and self study operating procedure (c), it include by intelligent recharge and discharge equipment to monomer new battery complete one according to established standardses accreditation full charge operate, intelligence Can confirm that itself charge level is to send full electric discharge and then completely charged behaviour again to intelligent recharge and discharge equipment after 100% by battery module Instruct, thus the new battery to monomer is completed by Smart battery module charging or complete from being entirely charged to complete again from full electric discharge The self study process of electric discharge, described Smart battery module calculates full electric discharge and the new battery of full charging process monomer is released and is filled with Actual capacity and thus calculate and store the charge/discharge ratio data drawing.

3. according to described in claim 2 realize single power battery accurately management method it is characterised in that：Registration step Suddenly (d) further includes：The Smart battery module completing the new battery of the monomer after self study is read by primary processor, via certainly Body data/address bus serial ports or by connect in intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, to battery operation data center uploads of battery dispatch from the factory when Design parameter, and the monomer new battery actual capacity that confirmed through self study step and charge/discharge ratio data, complete The registration of the new battery of monomer, and combo step (e) further includes battery operation data center or battery Operation Network Database purchase the design parameter data of dispatching from the factory of the new battery of monomer according to registration, and according to actual capacity, capacity attenuation water Flat, charge/discharge ratio data and self discharge coefficient screening the cell of registered registration, thus being configured to above-mentioned design The Tolerance level of parameter can reach the set of cells of requirement, here, the new battery for the monomer just having dispatched from the factory, its capacity attenuation level SOH=1.

4. according to realizing the method for the accurate management of single power battery it is characterised in that step (f) is also wrapped described in claim 3 Include step：In set of cells between the Smart battery module of each cell and system host control unit, total by including CAN Line, RS485 bus use power line carrier technology transmission signal or in intelligence in interior bus or by electric wire between battery Data exchange channel can be set up using wireless multiple access transmission technology, system host control unit detection set of cells is filled in battery module Discharge current is simultaneously sent to each Smart battery module by data/address bus.

5. according to described in claim 4 realize single power battery accurately management method it is characterised in that：Step (g) is also Including step：In electric discharge and charging process, the Smart battery module of each cell receives from system host control set of cells The set of cells real-time charging and discharging currents data that unit processed sends, according to set of cells charge and discharge amount and number of times, open circuit standby time, Calculate and store the change of the real-time charge level of cell and estimated capacity Reduction Level, and synchronously to described system master Machine control unit uploads the real-time battery including the cell real-time voltage gathering, charge level and capacity attenuation level Data manages the foundation of set of cells as it.

6. according to described in claim 5 realize single power battery accurately management method it is characterised in that：Step (g) is also Further include when set of cells make under in electric automobile or energy-storage system from charge and discharge mode charge and discharge electrically operated when, each is single The Smart battery module of body battery receives from charge/discharge stake or provides the real-time charging and discharging currents of set of cells that discharge charge motor sends for oneself Data, and synchronously to described charge/discharge stake or provide for oneself discharge charge motor upload includes collection cell real-time voltage, lotus Electric level, as described charge/discharge stake or provide for oneself discharge charge motor set of cells is carried out management of charging and discharging and operation foundation, or As set of cells charge must to the expense that electrical network pays or set of cells to electrical network feed caned from electrical network obtain the charging of remuneration according to According to.

7. according to described in claim 5 realize single power battery accurately management method it is characterised in that：Step (k) is also Further include to carry out initial charge by described intelligent recharge and discharge equipment to the cell in the set of cells connected, this initial charge work Operation mode is the reference index ended as set of cells serial connection charge using real-time voltage highest cell in set of cells；First After charge mode terminates, intelligent recharge and discharge equipment is switched to the accurate charge mode to cell, in this mode by each The Smart battery module of cell uploads the actual voltage of own monomer battery and charge level to intelligent recharge and discharge equipment SOC, intelligent recharge and discharge equipment controls the accurate charging to each cell or directly single to each by intelligent recharge and discharge equipment Body battery accurately charges, until the charge level SOC of each cell reaches 100%, described intelligent recharge and discharge equipment possesses Each cell in set of cells is carried out with the function of precise control discharge and recharge.

8. a kind of battery essence for realizing the arbitrary described method realizing the accurate management of single power battery of claim 1-7 Really management system it is characterised in that：The accurate management system of described battery is by intelligent battery group, system host control unit and negative Load, connecting valve, intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, battery operation data center are constituted, and wherein said intelligent battery group is by multiple monomers Battery connects and composes via communication bus and charge-discharge electric power loop；

Connecting valve (K1, K2, K3, K4), for set of cells and the wherein communication bus of each cell and system host control Unit processed and the connection of intelligent recharge and discharge equipment room, and fill with system load and intelligence for battery set charge/discharge loop of power circuit Connection between discharge equipment；

Intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, for connecting the Smart battery module being initialised of the new battery of monomer and the new battery of monomer, and Fully charged to the new battery of monomer by setting or code requirement, then complete the operation of the self study before the new battery of monomer enables, wherein When described Smart battery module is for dispatching from the factory to the parameter after the upload cell self study of battery operation data center and battery Design parameter；

Battery operation data center, for storing design parameter and the self study parameter of the upload of each cell, and according to it In data base, the various parameters of the cell of registration, complete the combo of cell in data base, complete the battery after combo Group etc. is to be accessed to be enabled；

The one of which connecting valve of described connecting valve is after the battery completing combo is assembled into electric automobile or energy-storage system Be closed and another group of connecting valve is off, the Smart battery module of each battery and system host control unit it Between set up data exchange channel and realize data exchange；

Described Smart battery module, for calculating the real-time charge level of cell and estimated capacity in set of cells in run duration The change of Reduction Level, synchronously uploads cell real-time voltage, the lotus including gathering to described system host control unit Electric level and capacity attenuation level manage the foundation of set of cells in interior real-time battery data as it；

Described system host control unit, for managing the operation of whole group battery, and in set of cells during charge or discharge In the case that charge level difference between the cell of ceiling voltage and minimum voltage exceedes the threshold value of setting, issue the user with In set of cells, cell needs the warning safeguarded or lower electricity instruction；

Under set of cells electricity or offline after, described set of cells is connected with intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, the Smart battery module of cell Uploads of battery identification code, up-to-date charge level and capacity attenuation level, now one group of connecting valve therein be disconnected, and another Group connecting valve connects intelligent recharge and discharge equipment communication bus and loop of power circuit respectively, completes set of cells and the supplement of cell Electricity, maintenance and battery data exchange；

Intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, is at this moment used for completing, to each cell, the supplementary electric process that charge level reaches 100%, Described Smart battery module self study update inherent parameters again during this, and pass through intelligent recharge and discharge after charging complete Equipment uploads the data after each monomer intelligent battery self study to battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base, Battery operation data center, then according to the actual capacity of each cell in set of cells after self study again, capacity attenuation Horizontal departure value, decides whether to reactivate set of cells or judges to need to cell in set of cells again combo.

9. according to the accurate management system of the battery described in claim 8 it is characterised in that：

The accurate management system of described battery operates under changing battery mode, each intelligence included by described intelligent recharge and discharge equipment Energy charge-discharge modules are structured to the power electronics functional module with charge/discharge two-way function, so that electrical network is to battery Or set of cells charges, battery or set of cells carry out two way feed operation to electrical network and implement charging.

10. according to the accurate management system of the battery described in claim 8 it is characterised in that：

The accurate management system of described battery operating under charge/discharge pattern, this system also include charge/discharge stake or provide for oneself fill/ Electrical Discharge Machine, for being not reaching in the consistent gender gap of cell in the normal operation needing replacing set of cells in set of cells, institute State set of cells and access charge/discharge stake or the communication bus providing discharge charge motor for oneself and loop of power circuit at any time, and by the intelligence being located therein Can charging/discharging apparatus complete to set of cells supplement electricity or to electrical network feed operation, in such a mode described set of cells be Connecting valve between system master machine control unit and load is omitted, each the intelligent charge and discharge included by described intelligent recharge and discharge equipment Electric module is constructed having the electric power electronic module of charge/discharge two-way function so that electrical network charge to battery or set of cells, Battery or set of cells carry out two way feed operation to electrical network and implement charging；Or it is configured to the electricity only with charge function Power electronic module.

11. a kind of for realizing, claim 1-7 is arbitrary described to realize the single power battery accurately method of management or be used for According to Claim 8 the accurate management system of -10 arbitrary described batteries Smart battery module it is characterised in that：

Described Smart battery module includes primary processor, nonvolatile memory, acquisition module, four parts of communication module, its In：

Primary processor, for accurate measurement when the charge level of cell and capacity attenuation level are put into effect, and by communication Module synchronization uploads itself charge level and magnitude of voltage, and the change estimating itself capacity attenuation level in set of cells run duration Change, above battery data manages the foundation of set of cells as system host control unit, this primary processor by single-chip microcomputer, DSP, FPGA or one of them composition of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC；

Memorizer, is different from uniquely can recognize that of other monomers battery for storing cell in the heart in battery operation data The data needing after self study in ID code and storage the cell design parameter of producer and life cycle when dispatching from the factory to update Nonvolatile memory；

Acquisition module, for using the resource providing in primary processor piece, described resource includes voltage acquisition unit, temperature acquisition Unit, wherein voltage acquisition unit adopt AD sampling in primary processor piece, gather battery between lead to cell positive and negative polarities Voltage data, and temperature collecting cell uses integrated temperature sensor in primary processor, thus direct by temperature sensor The Temperature numerical of monitoring position point；

Communication module, for forming the data transfer between cell and system host control unit and intelligent recharge and discharge equipment And read/write channel, wherein, the mode of operation of this communication module is using the serial number including RS485, RS422, RS232, CAN According to transfer bus, RFID radio RF recognition technology, CDMA, FDMA wireless data transmission mode, or PLC power line carrier number According to transmission means, system host control unit detection battery set charge/discharge electric current is simultaneously sent to each intelligence electricity by data/address bus Pond module,

Wherein, described primary processor reads its own nonvolatile memory, via its data bus serial ports or by connecting In intelligent recharge and discharge equipment, upload design when battery including self identification code dispatches from the factory to battery operation data center Parameter, and the monomer new battery actual capacity that confirmed through self study process and charge/discharge ratio data, complete monomer New battery is to the registration of battery operation data center or battery Operation Network data base.