CN102790434B - Automatic energy-extraction circuit of current transformer - Google Patents
Automatic energy-extraction circuit of current transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102790434B CN102790434B CN201210262316.9A CN201210262316A CN102790434B CN 102790434 B CN102790434 B CN 102790434B CN 201210262316 A CN201210262316 A CN 201210262316A CN 102790434 B CN102790434 B CN 102790434B
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic energy-extraction circuit of a current transformer. According to the energy-extraction circuit, one energy-extraction winding at the output end of the current transformer is connected with the energy-extraction circuit which is used for providing DC voltage to a load, and the other winding at the output end of the current transformer is connected with a magnetic linkage bypass circuit to realize the intermittent magnetic linkage output of a bypass transformer; and the magnetic linkage bypass circuit is connected with and driven by the energy-extraction circuit at the same time. According to the invention, all parts adopt simulation components, the cost is low, the reliability is high and the anti-interference capability is strong. The conservation of the transformer magnetic linage and a principle similar to the pulse width working principle of a switch power are utilized to realize reliable energy extraction of primary-side current width range variation; and the automatic energy-extraction circuit has the advantages of small overall loss, simple structure and high reliability, and overcomes the inherent defects of the current transformer in energy extraction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Energy extraction technology of AC network side, relate in particular to a kind of current transformer self-energizing circuit, belong to technical field of power systems.
Background technology
Current transformer is got energy technology, be applicable to the application scenario of some energy supply inconveniences, as checkout equipments such as the leakage current of transmission line defilement and insulation substring, wire icing state, wire and connector temperatures, because various transducers and the signal transmitting unit etc. of collection signal are all near overhead wire, can not use normal power supplies.It can technology be a good method that solves this kind equipment power supply problem that current transformer is got.The operation principle that current transformer is got energy is that alternating current is converted its size by instrument transformer; the output of instrument transformer adds surge protection conventionally; then obtain the direct voltage of certain limit by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, then obtain stable low-voltage DC by voltage stabilizing link.
But current transformer is got and can be had technically certain difficulty, main cause is that primary side current excursion is larger, and the voltage after rectifying and wave-filtering there will be large-scale fluctuation, the voltage stabilizing link design comparison difficulty of rear class.In some documents and materials, proposed part solution both at home and abroad: when as large in electric current, the output current of current transformer is carried out to intermittent short circuit, limit the transmission of its energy to rear class, the method is inefficiency in the time that primary side current is larger, heating is serious; Utilize the magnetic saturation characteristic of current transformer, while making primary side current larger, instrument transformer is saturated, limits its output current, but this method efficiency is low equally, and the iron core heating of instrument transformer is serious; Although the method that adopts current transformer to open air gap can effectively prevent that magnetic core is saturated, reduce core loss, but input side curent change scope is restricted, conventionally be only applicable to curent change than being less than 20(maximum than the ratio of minimum value) occasion, get and can have work " dead band " by electric current, change in voltage scope after rectification is simultaneously larger, has defect in application.
The another kind of primary side current excursion method large and that reduce the wastage that solves is: the output of current transformer adopts two windings, utilizes instrument transformer magnetism chain conservation principle (N
p* i
p=N
s1* i
s1+ N
s2* i
s2), the winding N that the number of turn is few
s1be used for getting energy, the winding N that the number of turn is many
s2be used for sharing magnetic linkage.Chinese patent 201010195944.0 partial circuits have utilized this principle, and the output of its current transformer has adopted two windings, as primary side current winding N greatly to a certain extent time
s2start working, shared part magnetic linkage.In order to solve winding N
s1undertension, its rear class has adopted booster circuit, and prime adopts metal-oxide-semiconductor shunting mode to limit its input voltage simultaneously, but can increase on-state loss.The method that this patent adopts is got and can part whole efficiency be improved, but unsatisfactory, exists between certain Current Zone simultaneously and makes N
s1on low voltage, need to boost by the link of boosting, affected and got energy efficiency, increased the complexity of circuit.
If can realize the energy of getting under primary side current work wide variation, getting of current transformer can technology can be more widely used.Therefore, need to solve as early as possible the curent change that current transformer exists not wide, get the problems such as energy efficiency is low, reliability is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve current transformer and get the deficiency that can exist, realize the energy of getting under primary side current work wide variation, improve and get energy efficiency, expanding getting of current transformer can technology range of application.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of current transformer self-energizing circuit, it is characterized in that, one of current transformer output is got and can be received on self-energizing circuit by winding, provide direct voltage by self-energizing circuit to load, another winding of described current transformer output is received on magnetic linkage bypass circuit, be used for intermittent bypass instrument transformer output magnetic linkage, described magnetic linkage bypass circuit is connected with self-energizing circuit simultaneously, by described self-energizing drives.
Described self-energizing circuit comprises impact protection circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, comparison circuit, drive circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit;
Get and can receive impact protection circuit by winding for one of current transformer output, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in the output of impact protection circuit, and the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in comparison circuit, and the output of comparison circuit is received on drive circuit; The input of voltage stabilizing circuit is received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit simultaneously, and load is delivered in the output of voltage stabilizing circuit;
Drive circuit drives magnetic linkage bypass circuit.
Described another winding of current transformer output is received on magnetic linkage bypass circuit; magnetic linkage bypass circuit comprises a surge protection TVS pipe; rectifier bridge is received in the output of surge protection TVS pipe, and injectron is received in the output of rectifier bridge, and described injectron drive end is connected with the output of drive circuit.
Described another winding of current transformer output is received on magnetic linkage bypass circuit; magnetic linkage bypass circuit comprises a surge protection TVS pipe; surge protection TVS manages and receives on the injectron of two series connection; drain electrode or the emitter of two injectrons connect together, and the grid of two injectrons is connected to the output of described drive circuit.
Described impact protection circuit is surge protection TVS pipe, piezo-resistance or gas discharge tube.
Described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises a rectifier bridge, and the output of described rectifier bridge is received the two ends of a storage capacitor, and the two ends of storage capacitor are simultaneously in parallel with comparison circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit.
In described comparison circuit, comprise a comparator, the positive input of comparator is received in the output of described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit by bleeder circuit, the reverse input end of described comparator is received on reference voltage, and the input of described drive circuit is received in the output of described comparator.
The output of described comparator is received analog electrical pressure side by a resistance simultaneously.
Described drive circuit comprises the totem being made up of two triodes, the output of described comparison circuit is received the input of totem, the output of described totem is connected to the anode of a voltage-stabiliser tube, and the negative electrode of voltage-stabiliser tube is connected in described magnetic linkage bypass circuit by a current-limiting resistance.
The negative electrode of described voltage-stabiliser tube connects one end of current-limiting resistance, and the other end of described current-limiting resistance is connected to the grid of the injectron in described magnetic linkage bypass circuit.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches:
The present invention adopts pure analogue device, by the high reliability such as current transformer, TVS pipe, resistance, diode (rectifier bridge), electric capacity, comparator, triode, injectron (can be large power triode, MOSFET, IGBT etc.), cheaply components and parts form, the antijamming capability of these devices is strong, not fragile.The present invention makes full use of the pulsewidth operation principle of magnetism chain conservation and Switching Power Supply, can will get energy winding N
s1on limiting voltage in the fluctuation of very narrow scope, greatly facilitate the design of rear class voltage stabilizing circuit.The present invention has utilized the special applications of magnetism chain conservation, two winding alternating current overcurrent (N of current transformer output
s2play magnetic linkage bypass effect), getting can winding N
s1there will not be large electric current through-flow for a long time, get can link loss low, the voltage stabilization on two windings.Meanwhile, owing to utilizing the pulsewidth operation principle of similar Switching Power Supply, can realize the voltage stabilizing in wide input current excursion (curent change ratio is greater than 100) situation, rear class step-down or DC/DC change simplicity of design, and whole efficiency is high.
The present invention makes full use of the pulsewidth operation principle of magnetism chain conservation and similar Switching Power Supply, and that has realized that primary side current wide region changes reliably gets energy.Overall losses of the present invention is little, simple in structure, and reliability is high, has solved the inherent shortcoming that current transformer is got energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of current transformer self-energizing circuit;
Fig. 2 is current transformer self-energizing circuit diagram;
Fig. 3 is specific embodiment of the invention circuit;
Fig. 4 is the another kind of form of magnetic linkage bypass circuit;
Fig. 5 is simulation waveform;
Fig. 6 is that simulation waveform is deployed into the waveform after one-period.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.Following examples are only for technical scheme of the present invention is more clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in Figure 1, current transformer self-energizing circuit of the present invention is that a winding output of current transformer 10 is received on self-energizing circuit S1, self-energizing circuit provides reliable and stable direct voltage to load, another winding output of current transformer 10 is received on magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, is used for intermittent bypass instrument transformer output magnetic linkage.Its operation principle is the variation along with current transformer primary side current, electric current alternating current mistake in electric current and magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21 in self-energizing circuit S1, both sides relation is complementary, realize closed-loop adjustment by comparison circuit, current pulse width in self-energizing circuit S1 and total ON time, along with primary side current and output loading size respective change, guarantee in self-energizing circuit S1 that the voltage stabilization on storage capacitor is in certain scope.
As shown in Figure 2, self-energizing circuit S1 comprises impact protection circuit 11, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12, comparison circuit 13, drive circuit 14, voltage stabilizing circuit 15.Current transformer (being called for short CT) 10 outputs are got can winding N
s1receive impact protection circuit 11; current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 is received in the output of impact protection circuit 11; "+" of comparison circuit 13 received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 by bleeder circuit; "-" of comparison circuit 13 receives on reference voltage; reference voltage can produce a stable voltage Vref by voltage stabilizing chip; the output of comparison circuit 13 is received on drive circuit 14; voltage stabilizing circuit 15(or DC/DC circuit are received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 simultaneously) input, load is delivered in the output of voltage stabilizing circuit 15.CT10 output winding N
s2receive magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, rectifier bridge is received in 21 outputs of magnetic linkage bypass circuit, and injectron is received in the output of rectifier bridge, and its drive end is received on drive circuit 14, CT10 output winding N
s2connected circuit forms magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21 can have another kind of circuit structure: magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21 is also received on the injectron of two series connection, (drain electrode or emitter receive together) back-to-back of two injectrons is concatenated into together, and the drive end of two switching tubes is also received the output of drive circuit 14.
The winding N of CT10 in Fig. 3
pcan directly receive primary side, also can receive in the output after the conversion of primary current instrument transformer the umber of turn difference of two kinds of connections.CT10 output winding N
s1two ends are received on surge protection TVS pipe T1, surge protection TVS pipe T1 two ends are received the rectifier bridge B1 input of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12, the output of rectifier bridge B1 is received the two ends of storage capacitor C1, the output of storage capacitor C1 meets divider resistance R1, R2, divider resistance R1, R2 series connection, divider resistance R1, R2 tie point is received the positive input of comparator X1, the reverse input end of comparator X1 meets reference voltage V ref, reference voltage V ref can setting voltage value as 2.5V, by voltage stabilizing chip U1 as TL431, voltage after divider resistance dividing potential drop or other forms produce, the anode of storage capacitor C1 is received in the input of U1 by resistance R 3, the output of U1 and capacitor C 2 are received the reverse input end of comparator X1, the output of comparator X1 feeds back to the positive input of comparator by resistance R 4, the output of comparator X1 is received the anode (being analog voltage Vcc) of storage capacitor C1 by resistance R 5, the output of comparator X1 is received triode Q1 simultaneously, the totem input of Q2 composition, in order to prevent analog voltage V
cCin process of establishing, comparator X1 erroneous judgement causes driving signal output, the output of totem is received its voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1(as 3.3V) anode, the negative electrode of voltage-stabiliser tube is received one end of current-limiting resistance R6, the other end of current-limiting resistance R6 is received the driving stage of the switching tube Q3 in magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, and the other end of current-limiting resistance R6 is simultaneously through resistance R 7 ground connection, the input (being the input of pressurizer U2) of voltage stabilizing circuit 15 is also received in the output of storage capacitor C1, and the output of pressurizer U2 connects after filter capacitor C3 to rear class load supplying, and in the present embodiment, to select model be 7805 to pressurizer.
The output winding N of current transformer 10
s2receive on surge protection TVS pipe T2; the input of rectifier bridge B2 is received in the output of surge protection TVS pipe T2; "+" output of rectifier bridge B2 is received switching tube collector electrode or drain electrode; "-" output of rectifier bridge B2 is received switching tube emitter or source electrode, together with "-" output of rectifier bridge B2 is received with the ground in self-energizing circuit S1.
Fig. 4 is the another kind of type of attachment of magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, i.e. winding N
s2receive on surge protection TVS pipe T3; switching tube Q4, Q5 that two terminations of surge protection TVS pipe T3 are connected back-to-back; the drain electrode of switching tube Q4, Q5 or emitter are received and are connect together self-energizing circuit S1 ground, and the drive end of two switching tube Q4, Q5 is also received the output of drive circuit 14.
Corresponding current instrument transformer 10 deliberately increases winding, gets and can implementation adopt belonging in the scope of the invention of said method.
Impact protection circuit 11 adopts other protection type such as piezo-resistance, gas discharge tube, but also the belonging in the scope of the invention of the similar said method of rear class implementation.
Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 is increased to the components and parts such as electric capacity, resistance, inductance, also the belonging in the scope of the invention of the similar the inventive method of front and back level implementation.
Comparator circuit 13 is increased to the components and parts such as electric capacity, resistance, triode, voltage-stabiliser tube, or otherwise produce reference voltage V ref, or compare circuit with other devices such as amplifiers, also the belonging in the scope of the invention of the similar the inventive method of front and back level implementation.
To components and parts such as drive circuit 14 electric capacity, resistance, triode, voltage-stabiliser tubes, also the belonging in the scope of the invention of the similar the inventive method of front and back level implementation.
Voltage stabilizing circuit 15or DC/DC circuit is increased to the components and parts such as electric capacity, resistance, inductance, also the belonging in the scope of the invention of the similar the inventive method of front and back level implementation.
In other embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art also can recognize, will in foregoing circuit, reduce part and only make preferably components and parts of this circuit effect, do not affect other practical function, also belong in the scope of the invention.
In Fig. 5, provide CT(turn ratio 1:1:10) primary side current i
pfor the simulation waveform in 5A situation, storage capacitor is got 100uF(increase storage capacitor value can reduce the pulsation amplitude on Vcc), Vcc institute bringing onto load power is about 2W, and in figure, first current waveform is winding N
s1current waveform, second current waveform is winding N
s2current waveform, the 3rd waveform is the voltage V on storage capacitor C1
cCwaveform; Fig. 6 is that simulation waveform is deployed into the waveform after one-period, can find out two winding current flowing (i in figure
s1, i
s2) be copped wave form, when a winding has electric current, another winding current is zero, pass is similar complementation.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is by the magnetism chain conservation to Current Transmit: N
p* i
p=N
s1* i
s1+ N
s2* i
s2, two output winding N
s1and N
s2alternating current overcurrent i
s1, i
s2, along with primary side current i
pchange gradually large, in each sinusoidal cycles (being made as T), output winding N
s1the total time of current flowing (is made as T
nS1) reduce gradually output winding N
s2the total time of current flowing (is made as T
nS2) increase gradually by zero, the time complementation of both current flowings, adds up mutually and equals one-period.When primary side current hour, can winding loop voltage V owing to getting
cCalso be not established to desired value (as 10V), the output voltage of bleeder circuit is lower than reference voltage V ref, and comparator X1 is output as low, drive circuit no-output, and switching tube Q3 turn-offs, winding N
s2no current flows through, winding N
s1realize the energy of getting under the little current conditions of primary side, its current value is i
s1=i
p* N
p/ N
s1; As primary side current i
pwhen increase, i
s2corresponding increase, getting can winding loop voltage V
cCrise to target voltage, the output voltage of bleeder circuit is higher than reference voltage V ref, and comparator X1 upset, is output as height, drive circuit output high level, and switching tube Q3 is open-minded, winding N
s2current flowing, its current value is i
s2=i
p* N
p/ N
s2, due to winding N
s2the number of turn is many, and current value is i
s2less, the loss on switching tube Q3 is lower, and after Q3 conducting, the voltage clamp of CT secondary side is in approximate zero, N
s1winding voltage is approximate zero also, the storage capacitor C1 of self-energizing circuit S1 starts electric discharge, voltage on divider resistance starts to decline, when dropping to while being less than reference voltage, comparator X1 overturns again, in order to prevent shake, comparator adopts sluggish relatively (sluggish width can arrange by resistance R 4), drive circuit output low level, switching tube Q3 turn-offs, winding N
s2current interruptions, magnetic linkage electric current forwards winding N again to
s1, current i
s1to storage capacitor C1 charging, so go round and begin again again, current i
s1waveform is the intermittent pulsed electric current under sinusoidal envelope, current i
s2so same.Primary side current is larger, current i
s1the width of pulse is narrower, and the time is intermittently longer (is T
nS1less), inverse current i
s2the width of pulse is wider, and the time is intermittently shorter (is T
nS2larger).Current i
s1pulse-width modulation concept in similar Switching Power Supply, difference is that its electric current is the pulse (potential pulse that supply voltage switch copped wave is normally constant) under sinusoidal envelope, similar with Switching Power Supply closed-loop adjustment, whole getting can loop be to be also operated in closed loop state, but the voltage on storage capacitor C1 is the value of a pulsation, and therefore rear class needs filtering voltage regulation.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and distortion, these improvement and distortion also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a current transformer self-energizing circuit, it is characterized in that, one of current transformer output is got and can be received on self-energizing circuit by winding, provide direct voltage by self-energizing circuit to load, another winding of described current transformer output is received on magnetic linkage bypass circuit, be used for intermittent bypass instrument transformer output magnetic linkage, described magnetic linkage bypass circuit is connected with self-energizing circuit simultaneously, by described self-energizing drives;
Described self-energizing circuit comprises impact protection circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, comparison circuit, drive circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit;
Get and can receive impact protection circuit by winding for one of current transformer output, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in the output of impact protection circuit, and the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in comparison circuit, and the output of comparison circuit is received on drive circuit; The input of voltage stabilizing circuit is received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit simultaneously, and load is delivered in the output of voltage stabilizing circuit;
Drive circuit drives magnetic linkage bypass circuit;
Described another winding of current transformer output is received on magnetic linkage bypass circuit; magnetic linkage bypass circuit comprises a surge protection TVS pipe; surge protection TVS manages and receives on the injectron of two series connection; drain electrode or the emitter of two injectrons connect together, and the grid of two injectrons is connected to the output of described drive circuit.
2. current transformer self-energizing circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, rectifier bridge is received in the output of described surge protection TVS pipe, and described injectron is received in the output of rectifier bridge, and described injectron drive end is connected with the output of drive circuit.
3. current transformer self-energizing circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described impact protection circuit is surge protection TVS pipe, piezo-resistance or gas discharge tube.
4. current transformer self-energizing circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises a rectifier bridge, and the output of described rectifier bridge is received the two ends of a storage capacitor, and the two ends of storage capacitor are simultaneously in parallel with comparison circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit.
5. current transformer self-energizing circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described comparison circuit, comprise a comparator, the positive input of comparator is received in the output of described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit by bleeder circuit, the reverse input end of described comparator is received on reference voltage, and the input of described drive circuit is received in the output of described comparator.
6. current transformer self-energizing circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the output of described comparator is received analog electrical pressure side by a resistance simultaneously.
7. current transformer self-energizing circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drive circuit comprises the totem being made up of two triodes, the output of described comparison circuit is received the input of totem, the output of described totem is connected to the anode of a voltage-stabiliser tube, and the negative electrode of voltage-stabiliser tube is connected in described magnetic linkage bypass circuit by a current-limiting resistance.
8. current transformer self-energizing circuit according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the negative electrode of described voltage-stabiliser tube connects one end of current-limiting resistance, and the other end of described current-limiting resistance is connected to the grid of the injectron in described magnetic linkage bypass circuit.
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| CN201210262316.9A CN102790434B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Automatic energy-extraction circuit of current transformer |
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| CN101950659A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-01-19 | 西安交通大学 | Active photoelectric current transformer using pneumatic and inductive hybrid energy supply |
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| CN102790434A (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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