CN102790434A - Automatic energy-extraction circuit of current transformer - Google Patents
Automatic energy-extraction circuit of current transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102790434A CN102790434A CN2012102623169A CN201210262316A CN102790434A CN 102790434 A CN102790434 A CN 102790434A CN 2012102623169 A CN2012102623169 A CN 2012102623169A CN 201210262316 A CN201210262316 A CN 201210262316A CN 102790434 A CN102790434 A CN 102790434A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic energy-extraction circuit of a current transformer. According to the energy-extraction circuit, one energy-extraction winding at the output end of the current transformer is connected with the energy-extraction circuit which is used for providing DC voltage to a load, and the other winding at the output end of the current transformer is connected with a magnetic linkage bypass circuit to realize the intermittent magnetic linkage output of a bypass transformer; and the magnetic linkage bypass circuit is connected with and driven by the energy-extraction circuit at the same time. According to the invention, all parts adopt simulation components, the cost is low, the reliability is high and the anti-interference capability is strong. The conservation of the transformer magnetic linage and a principle similar to the pulse width working principle of a switch power are utilized to realize reliable energy extraction of primary-side current width range variation; and the automatic energy-extraction circuit has the advantages of small overall loss, simple structure and high reliability, and overcomes the inherent defects of the current transformer in energy extraction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Energy extraction technology of AC network side, relating in particular to that a kind of current transformer asks for can circuit, belongs to technical field of power systems.
Background technology
Current transformer is got can be technological; Be applicable to the application scenario that some energy supplies are inconvenient; Checkout equipments such as leakage current, wire icing state, lead and connector temperature like transmission line defilement and insulation substring; Because of the various transducers of acquired signal and signal transmitting unit etc. all near overhead wire, can not use conventional power supply.It can technology be one of this kind equipment power supply problem of solution method preferably that current transformer is got.The operation principle that current transformer is got ability is that alternating current is carried out conversion through instrument transformer to its size; The output of instrument transformer adds surge protection usually; Obtain the direct voltage of certain limit then through current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, obtain stable low-voltage DC through the voltage stabilizing link again.
But current transformer is got, and to have certain difficulty, main cause technically be that the primary side current excursion is bigger, and large-scale fluctuation can appear in the voltage behind the rectifying and wave-filtering, and the voltage stabilizing link design of back level is difficulty relatively.Both at home and abroad proposed the part solution on some documents and materials: the output current to current transformer carries out the short circuit of interval property when big like electric current, limits the transmission of its energy to the back level, and this method is inefficiency when primary side current is big, and heating seriously; Utilize the magnetic saturation characteristic of current transformer, make that instrument transformer was saturated when primary side current was big, limit its output current, but this method efficient is low equally, the iron core heating of instrument transformer is serious; Though the method that adopts current transformer to open air gap can prevent effectively that magnetic core is saturated; Reduce core loss; But input side electric current excursion is restricted, and only is applicable to that usually electric current changes than the occasion less than 20 (maximum is than the ratios of minimum value), gets and can have work " dead band " by electric current; Change in voltage scope after the rectification simultaneously is bigger, has defective in the application.
The another kind of primary side current excursion method big and that reduce the wastage that solves is: two windings are adopted in the output of current transformer, utilize instrument transformer magnetic linkage conserva-tion principle (N
P* i
p=N
S1* i
S1+ N
S2* i
S2), the winding N that the number of turn is few
S1Be used for getting ability, the winding N that the number of turn is many
S2Be used for sharing magnetic linkage.Chinese patent 201010195944.0 partial circuits have utilized this principle, and two windings have been adopted in its current transformer output, winding N when primary side current arrives to a certain degree greatly
S2Start working, shared the part magnetic linkage.In order to solve winding N
S1Undertension, level has adopted booster circuit thereafter, and prime adopts the metal-oxide-semiconductor shunting mode to limit its input voltage simultaneously, but can increase on-state loss.The method that this patent adopts is got and can the part whole efficiency be improved, but unsatisfactory, exists simultaneously to make N between certain Current Zone
S1On voltage on the low side, need boost through the link of boosting, influenced and got energy efficiency, increased the complexity of circuit.
If can realize the ability of getting under the primary side current work wide variation, getting of current transformer can technology can be more widely used.Therefore, need solve as early as possible electric current that current transformer exists change not wide, get problems such as energy efficiency is low, reliability is not high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve current transformer and get the deficiency that can exist, realize the ability of getting under the primary side current work wide variation, improve and get energy efficiency, enlarging getting of current transformer can the technical application scope.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of current transformer is asked for can circuit; It is characterized in that, with of current transformer output get can winding receive ask for can circuit on, can to load direct voltage be provided by circuit by asking for; Another winding of said current transformer output is received on the magnetic linkage bypass circuit; Be used for intermittent bypass instrument transformer output magnetic linkage, said magnetic linkage bypass circuit simultaneously with ask for and can be connected by circuit, by the said ability drives of asking for.
Said asking for can comprise surge protection circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, comparison circuit, drive circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit by circuit;
Get and can receive the surge protection circuit by winding for one of the current transformer output, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in the output of surge protection circuit, and the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in the comparison circuit, and the output of comparison circuit is received on the drive circuit; The input of voltage stabilizing circuit is received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit simultaneously, and load is delivered in the output of voltage stabilizing circuit;
Driving circuit drives magnetic linkage bypass circuit.
Said another winding of current transformer output is received on the magnetic linkage bypass circuit; The magnetic linkage bypass circuit comprises surge protection TVS pipe; Rectifier bridge is received in the output of surge protection TVS pipe, and injectron is received in the output of rectifier bridge, and said injectron drive end is connected with the output of drive circuit.
Said another winding of current transformer output is received on the magnetic linkage bypass circuit; The magnetic linkage bypass circuit comprises surge protection TVS pipe; Surge protection TVS pipe is also received on the injectron of two series connection; The drain electrode or the emitter of two injectrons connect together, and the grid of two injectrons is connected to the output of said drive circuit.
Said surge protection circuit is surge protection TVS pipe, piezo-resistance or gas discharge tube.
Said current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises a rectifier bridge, and the output of said rectifier bridge is received the two ends of a storage capacitor, and the two ends of storage capacitor are parallelly connected with comparison circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit simultaneously.
Comprise a comparator in the said comparison circuit; The positive input of comparator is received in the output of said current rectifying and wave filtering circuit through bleeder circuit; The reverse input end of said comparator is received on the reference voltage, and the input of said drive circuit is received in the output of said comparator.
The output of said comparator is received the aanalogvoltage end through a resistance simultaneously.
Said drive circuit comprises the totem of being made up of two triodes; The output of said comparison circuit is received the input of totem; The output of said totem is connected to the anode of a voltage-stabiliser tube, and the negative electrode of voltage-stabiliser tube is connected in the said magnetic linkage bypass circuit through a current-limiting resistance.
The negative electrode of said voltage-stabiliser tube connects an end of current-limiting resistance, and the other end of said current-limiting resistance is connected to the grid of the injectron in the said magnetic linkage bypass circuit.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reached:
The present invention adopts pure analogue device; By current transformer, TVS pipe, resistance, diode (rectifier bridge), electric capacity, comparator, triode, injectron high reliability such as (can be large power triode, MOSFET, IGBT etc.), components and parts constitute cheaply; The antijamming capability of these devices is strong, and is not fragile.The present invention makes full use of the pulsewidth operation principle of magnetic linkage conservation and Switching Power Supply, can be with getting ability winding N
S1On voltage limit in the fluctuation of very narrow scope, greatly facilitate the design of back level voltage stabilizing circuit.The present invention has utilized the special applications of magnetic linkage conservation, two winding alternating current overcurrent (N of current transformer output
S2Play magnetic linkage bypass effect), getting can winding N
S1It is through-flow for a long time big electric current can not occur, get can link loss low, the voltage on two windings is stable.Simultaneously, owing to utilize the pulsewidth operation principle of similar Switching Power Supply, can realize the voltage stabilizing under wide input current excursion (electric current changes ratio greater than the 100) situation, back level step-down or DC/DC change simplicity of design, and whole efficiency is high.
The present invention makes full use of the pulsewidth operation principle of magnetic linkage conservation and similar Switching Power Supply, and that has realized the primary side current wide variety reliably gets ability.Overall losses of the present invention is little, and is simple in structure, reliability is high, solved current transformer get can inherent shortcoming.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be current transformer ask for can circuit theory diagram;
Fig. 1 is that current transformer asks for can circuit diagram;
Fig. 2 is a practical implementation circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of form of magnetic linkage bypass circuit;
Fig. 4 is a simulation waveform;
Fig. 5 is deployed into the waveform behind the one-period for simulation waveform.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.Following examples only are used for technical scheme of the present invention more clearly is described, and can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
As shown in Figure 1; Current transformer of the present invention ask for can circuit be a winding output of current transformer 10 receive ask for can circuit S1 on; Asking for to provide reliable and stable direct voltage to load by circuit; Another winding output of current transformer 10 is received on the magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, is used for intermittent bypass instrument transformer output magnetic linkage.Its operation principle is the variation along with the current transformer primary side current; Electric current among the ability of the asking for circuit S1 and the electric current alternating current mistake in the magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21; Both sides relation is complementary; Realize closed-loop adjustment through comparison circuit, current pulse width and the total ON time in can circuit S1 asked for be along with primary side current and output loading size respective change, and the voltage among the ability circuit S1 that guarantees to ask on the storage capacitor is stabilized in certain scope.
As shown in Figure 2, ask for and can comprise surge protection circuit 11, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12, comparison circuit 13, drive circuit 14, voltage stabilizing circuit 15 by circuit S1.Current transformer (being called for short CT) 10 outputs are got can winding N
S1Receive surge protection circuit 11; Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 is received in the output of surge protection circuit 11; "+" of comparison circuit 13 received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 through bleeder circuit; "-" of comparison circuit 13 receives on the reference voltage, and reference voltage can produce a stable voltage Vref by the voltage stabilizing chip, and the output of comparison circuit 13 is received on the drive circuit 14; The input of voltage stabilizing circuit 15 (or DC/DC circuit) is received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 simultaneously, and load is delivered in the output of voltage stabilizing circuit 15.CT10 output winding N
S2Receive magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, rectifier bridge is received in 21 outputs of magnetic linkage bypass circuit, and injectron is received in the output of rectifier bridge, and its drive end is received on the drive circuit 14, CT10 output winding N
S2The circuit that links to each other constitutes magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21; Magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21 can have another kind of circuit structure: magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21 is also received on the injectron of two series connection; (drain electrode or emitter receive together) back-to-back of two injectrons is concatenated into together, and the drive end of two switching tubes is also received the output of drive circuit 14.
The winding N of CT10 among Fig. 3
PCan directly receive primary side, also can receive in the output after the conversion of primary current instrument transformer, two kinds of umber of turns that connect method are different.CT10 output winding N
S1Two terminate on the surge protection TVS pipe T1; Surge protection TVS pipe T1 two terminates to the rectifier bridge B1 input of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12; The output of rectifier bridge B1 is received the two ends of storage capacitor C1, and the output of storage capacitor C1 meets divider resistance R1, R2, divider resistance R1, R2 series connection; Divider resistance R1, R2 tie point are received the positive input of comparator X1; The reverse input end of comparator X1 meets reference voltage V ref, and reference voltage V ref can setting voltage value such as 2.5V, is produced by voltage stabilizing chip U1 such as TL431, divider resistance voltage after partial or other forms; The anode of storage capacitor C1 is received in the input of U1 through resistance R 3; The output of U1 and capacitor C 2 are received the reverse input end of comparator X1, and the output of comparator X1 feeds back to the positive input of comparator through resistance R 4, and the output of comparator X1 is received the anode (being aanalogvoltage Vcc) of storage capacitor C1 through resistance R 5; The output of comparator X1 is received the totem input of triode Q1, Q2 composition simultaneously, in order to prevent aanalogvoltage V
CCSet up in the process comparator X1 erroneous judgement and cause drive signal output; The anode of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 (its voltage stabilizing value such as 3.3V) is received in the output of totem; The negative electrode of voltage-stabiliser tube is received the end of current-limiting resistance R6; The other end of current-limiting resistance R6 is received the driving stage of the switching tube Q3 in the magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, and the other end of current-limiting resistance R6 is simultaneously through resistance R 7 ground connection; The input (being the input of pressurizer U2) of voltage stabilizing circuit 15 is also received in the output of storage capacitor C1, and the output of pressurizer U2 is given back level electric after meeting filter capacitor C3, and pressurizer selection model is 7805 in the present embodiment.
The output winding N of current transformer 10
S2Receive on the surge protection TVS pipe T2; The input of rectifier bridge B2 is received in the output of surge protection TVS pipe T2; "+" output of rectifier bridge B2 is received switching tube collector electrode or drain electrode; "-" output of rectifier bridge B2 is received switching tube emitter or source electrode, and the ground of "-" output of rectifier bridge B2 in the ability circuit S1 that asks for is received.
Fig. 4 is the another kind of type of attachment of magnetic linkage bypass circuit 21, i.e. winding N
S2Receive on the surge protection TVS pipe T3; Switching tube Q4, Q5 that two terminations of surge protection TVS pipe T3 are connected back-to-back; The drain electrode of switching tube Q4, Q5 or emitter receive connect together ask for can circuit S1 ground, the drive end of two switching tube Q4, Q5 is also received the output of drive circuit 14.
Corresponding current instrument transformer 10 painstakingly increases winding, gets and can implementation adopt belonging in the scope of the invention of said method.
Surge protection circuit 11 adopts other protection types such as piezo-resistances, gas discharge tube, but also the belonging in the scope of the invention of the back level similar said method of implementation.
Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 12 is increased components and parts such as electric capacity, resistance, inductance, also the belonging in the scope of the invention of front and back similar the inventive method of level implementation.
To components and parts such as drive circuit 14 electric capacity, resistance, triode, voltage-stabiliser tubes, also the belonging in the scope of the invention of front and back similar the inventive method of level implementation.
Voltage stabilizing circuit 15or DC/DC circuit is increased components and parts such as electric capacity, resistance, inductance, also the belonging in the scope of the invention of front and back similar the inventive method of level implementation.
In other embodiments, those of ordinary skills also can recognize, only make the preferable components and parts of this circuit effect with reducing part in the foregoing circuit, do not influence other and realize also belonging to function in the scope of the invention.
Provided CT (turn ratio 1:1:10) primary side current i among Fig. 5
pBe the simulation waveform under the 5A situation, storage capacitor is got 100uF (increase the storage capacitor value and can reduce the pulsation amplitude on the Vcc), and Vcc institute bringing onto load power is about 2W, and first current waveform is winding N among the figure
S1Current waveform, second current waveform is winding N
S2Current waveform, the 3rd waveform is the voltage V on the storage capacitor C1
CCWaveform; Fig. 6 is the waveform after simulation waveform is deployed into one-period, can find out among the figure that two windings flow through electric current (i
S1, i
S2) be the copped wave form, when a winding had electric current, another winding current was zero, concerns to be similar complementation.
Operation principle of the present invention is following:
The present invention is through the magnetic linkage conservation to current transformer CT: N
P* i
p=N
S1* i
S1+ N
S2* i
S2, two output winding N
S1And N
S2Alternating current overcurrent i
S1, i
S2, along with primary side current i
pChange gradually big, in each sinusoidal period (being made as T), output winding N
S1The total time of flowing through electric current (is made as T
NS1) reduce output winding N gradually
S2The total time of flowing through electric current (is made as T
NS2) increase gradually by zero, both flow through the time complementation of electric current, and adding up mutually equals one-period.When primary side current hour can winding loop voltage V owing to get
CCAlso be not established to desired value (like 10V), the output voltage of bleeder circuit is lower than reference voltage V ref, and comparator X1 is output as low, the drive circuit no-output, and switching tube Q3 turn-offs, winding N
S2No current flows through, winding N
S1Realize the ability of getting under the little current conditions of primary side, its current value is i
S1=i
p* N
P/ N
S1As primary side current i
pDuring increase, i
S2The corresponding increase, getting can winding loop voltage V
CCRise to target voltage, the output voltage of bleeder circuit is higher than reference voltage V ref, and comparator X1 upset is output as height, drive circuit output high level, and switching tube Q3 is open-minded, winding N
S2Flow through electric current, its current value is i
S2=i
p* N
P/ N
S2, because winding N
S2The number of turn is many, and current value is i
S2Less, the loss on the switching tube Q3 is lower, and after the Q3 conducting, the voltage clamp of CT secondary side is in approximate zero, N
S1Winding voltage is approximate zero also, and the storage capacitor C1 of the ability of asking for circuit S1 begins discharge, and the voltage on the divider resistance begins to descend; When dropping to less than reference voltage, comparator X1 overturns once more, in order to prevent shake; Comparator adopts sluggish relatively (sluggish width can be provided with through resistance R 4); The drive circuit output low level, switching tube Q3 turn-offs, winding N
S2Current interruptions, the magnetic linkage electric current forwards winding N once more to
S1, current i
S1To storage capacitor C1 charging, so go round and begin again current i again
S1Waveform is the intermittent pulsed electric current under the sinusoidal envelope, current i
S2So same.Primary side current is big more, current i
S1The width of pulse is narrow more, and the time intermittently is longer (to be T
NS1More little), inverse current i
S2The width of pulse is wide more, and the time intermittently is shorter (to be T
NS2Big more).Current i
S1Pulse-width modulation notion in the similar Switching Power Supply; Difference is that its electric current is the pulse (potential pulse that supply voltage switch copped wave is normally constant) under sinusoidal envelope; Similar with the Switching Power Supply closed-loop adjustment; Whole getting can the loop also be to be operated in the closed loop state, but the voltage on the storage capacitor C1 is the value of a pulsation, and therefore the back level needs filtering voltage regulation.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from know-why of the present invention; Can also make some improvement and distortion, these improvement and distortion also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. ask for can circuit for a current transformer; It is characterized in that, with of current transformer output get can winding receive ask for can circuit on, can to load direct voltage be provided by circuit by asking for; Another winding of said current transformer output is received on the magnetic linkage bypass circuit; Be used for intermittent bypass instrument transformer output magnetic linkage, said magnetic linkage bypass circuit simultaneously with ask for and can be connected by circuit, by the said ability drives of asking for.
2. current transformer according to claim 1 is asked for can circuit, it is characterized in that, said asking for can comprise surge protection circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, comparison circuit, drive circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit by circuit;
Get and can receive the surge protection circuit by winding for one of the current transformer output, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in the output of surge protection circuit, and the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received in the comparison circuit, and the output of comparison circuit is received on the drive circuit; The input of voltage stabilizing circuit is received in the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit simultaneously, and load is delivered in the output of voltage stabilizing circuit;
Driving circuit drives magnetic linkage bypass circuit.
3. current transformer according to claim 2 is asked for can circuit; It is characterized in that; Said another winding of current transformer output is received on the magnetic linkage bypass circuit, and the magnetic linkage bypass circuit comprises surge protection TVS pipe, and rectifier bridge is received in the output of surge protection TVS pipe; Injectron is received in the output of rectifier bridge, and said injectron drive end is connected with the output of drive circuit.
4. current transformer according to claim 2 is asked for can circuit; It is characterized in that; Said another winding of current transformer output is received on the magnetic linkage bypass circuit, and the magnetic linkage bypass circuit comprises surge protection TVS pipe, and surge protection TVS pipe is also received on the injectron of two series connection; The drain electrode or the emitter of two injectrons connect together, and the grid of two injectrons is connected to the output of said drive circuit.
5. current transformer according to claim 2 is asked for can circuit, it is characterized in that said surge protection circuit is surge protection TVS pipe, piezo-resistance or gas discharge tube.
6. current transformer according to claim 2 is asked for can circuit; It is characterized in that; Said current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises a rectifier bridge, and the output of said rectifier bridge is received the two ends of a storage capacitor, and the two ends of storage capacitor are parallelly connected with comparison circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit simultaneously.
7. current transformer according to claim 2 is asked for can circuit; It is characterized in that; Comprise a comparator in the said comparison circuit; The output of said current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is received the positive input of comparator through bleeder circuit, and the reverse input end of said comparator is received on the reference voltage, and the input of said drive circuit is received in the output of said comparator.
8. current transformer according to claim 7 is asked for can circuit, it is characterized in that the output of said comparator is received the aanalogvoltage end through a resistance simultaneously.
9. current transformer according to claim 2 is asked for can circuit; It is characterized in that; Said drive circuit comprises the totem of being made up of two triodes; The output of said comparison circuit is received the input of totem, and the output of said totem is connected to the anode of a voltage-stabiliser tube, and the negative electrode of voltage-stabiliser tube is connected in the said magnetic linkage bypass circuit through a current-limiting resistance.
10. current transformer according to claim 9 is asked for can circuit, it is characterized in that, the negative electrode of said voltage-stabiliser tube connects an end of current-limiting resistance, and the other end of said current-limiting resistance is connected to the grid of the injectron in the said magnetic linkage bypass circuit.
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| CN201210262316.9A CN102790434B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Automatic energy-extraction circuit of current transformer |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210262316.9A CN102790434B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Automatic energy-extraction circuit of current transformer |
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