CN102788101B - The synchronizer of speed changer - Google Patents
The synchronizer of speed changer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102788101B CN102788101B CN201210156806.0A CN201210156806A CN102788101B CN 102788101 B CN102788101 B CN 102788101B CN 201210156806 A CN201210156806 A CN 201210156806A CN 102788101 B CN102788101 B CN 102788101B
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- synchronizer
- sync
- latch
- synchronizing ring
- abutment face
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
- F16D2023/0618—Details of blocking mechanism comprising a helical spring loaded element, e.g. ball
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
- F16D2023/065—Means to provide additional axial force for self-energising, e.g. by using torque from the friction clutch
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the synchronizer (12) of a kind of speed changer (10), it has: sync-body (14), and it is torsionally arranged on transmission shaft; Gearshift clutch collar (18), it is relative to sync-body (14) torsionally but can axially movably arrange; Synchronizing ring (22), it is for connecting the shift gear of sync-body (14) with speed changer (10) by frictional connection; And locking wedge Synchronization Component (26), it is bonded in gearshift clutch collar (18), and shift gears clutch collar (18) move axially time with the gear shifting force of axis (F) towards shift gear loading synchronous ring (22) to be coupled, wherein, locking wedge Synchronization Component (26) has synchronization blocks (28) and latch (30).Latch (30) is configured with abutment face (56a, 56b, 58a, 58b), these abutment face can be bonded on the corresponding fitting surface (60a, 60b, 62a, 62b) of sync-body (14), wherein, abutment face and/or fitting surface (56a, 56b, 58a, 58b, 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b) are at least inclined in some section Shangdis, make the power (F of effect between latch (30) and sync-body (14) on circumferencial direction (16)
r) cause axial force component (F
servo), axial force component is towards shift gear loading synchronous ring (22) to be coupled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of synchronizer of speed changer, it has: sync-body, and this sync-body is torsionally arranged on transmission shaft; Gearshift clutch collar, this gearshift clutch collar is antitorque but can arrange movably vertically relative to sync-body; Synchronizing ring, this synchronizing ring is used for sync-body to be connected by frictional connection with the shift gear of speed changer; And locking wedge Synchronization Component, this locking wedge Synchronization Component is bonded on gearshift clutch collar, and when clutch collar of shifting gears moves axially, by axial shifting power towards shift gear loading synchronous ring to be coupled, wherein, described locking wedge Synchronization Component has synchronization blocks and latch.
Background technique
It is known that this synchronizer such as invents DE102007010307B3 by this class, and be especially applied in the manual transmission for Motor Vehicle.
In addition, there is the manual transmission with so-called servo synchronizer in the prior art, to make synchronizing process become easy.In this case, use the energy formed by the torque of the gear that can rotate relative to each other, to strengthen the gear shifting force be applied to by the selector fork of gear level on synchronizer.
So, DE102010004382A1 discloses this type of synchronizer a kind of, wherein, the axial projection portion of synchronizing ring is configured with abutment face, described abutment face can in sync-body and/or corresponding fitting surface acting in conjunction in the synchronization blocks of locking wedge Synchronization Component, wherein, abutment face is at least inclined in some section Shangdis, makes to act in a circumferential direction power in abutment face with axial force component towards shift gear loading synchronous ring to be coupled.
But in the form of implementation of the inclination abutment face had in synchronizing ring and the corresponding fitting surface in sync-body, gear shifting force strengthening is restricted, because only cause the raising of the impacting force in synchronizing ring in synchronising torque and the torque difference unlocked between moment.Therefore, in this article also referred to as " part " servo synchronizer.
In the form of implementation of the inclination abutment face had in synchronizing ring and the corresponding fitting surface in the synchronization blocks of locking wedge synchronizer, whole synchronising torque is supported in the abutment face of the inclination of synchronizing ring, and this is also referred to as " entirely " servo synchronizer.But due to the fitting surface of the inclination in synchronization blocks, less desirable reaction is applied on gearshift clutch collar, thus the force component of the axis for strengthening gear shifting force such as must be applied with the form of higher gear shifting force by driver in stick transmission.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is, proposes a kind of synchronizer for manual transmission, wherein, during shift process, is not generated the axial force component of strengthening by whole synchronising torque with reacting on gear shifting force to be applied.
According to the present invention, this task is solved by a kind of synchronizer of aforementioned type, wherein, latch is configured with abutment face, these abutment face can be bonded on the corresponding fitting surface of sync-body, wherein, abutment face and/or fitting surface are at least inclined in some section Shangdis, make the power acted between latch and sync-body in a circumferential direction cause axial force component, described axial force component is towards shift gear to be coupled or towards the clutch disk loading synchronous ring be fixedly connected with shift gear.Thus, complete synchronising torque may be used for strengthening the gear shifting force applied.Reaction force for invigoration effect, axial force component is imported in transmission shaft by sync-body at this, thus makes gear shifting force to be applied unaffected.
In a kind of form of implementation of synchronizer, latch has contrary circumferential ends, and these circumferential ends are configured with at least one abutment face respectively, and wherein, two contrary in a circumferential direction abutment face extend in the axial direction relative to each other obliquely.This coupling slightly of the circumferential ends of latch be realize desired by gear shifting force strengthening structure on simple especially feasible program.
Preferably, each circumferential ends is configured with two abutment face, wherein, two contrary in a circumferential direction abutment face extend respectively in the axial direction relative to each other obliquely, circumferential ends is observed diametrically and has wedge shape.At this, abutment face towards circumferential ends or can to come to a point and directly adjacent to each other gradually, or rust and only adjacent to each other indirectly by junction surface gradually, and wherein, junction surface is arranged essentially parallel to radial plane and extends.Because be configured with two abutment face tilted relative to each other and relative to radial plane in two circumferential ends respectively, so from neutral position placed in the middle, two axial directions ensure that gear shifting force support.
Preferably, abutment face is parallel to following plane earth respectively and extends, and described plane is relatively arranged in radial plane, the basic radial spin axis extended and tilts angularly from radial plane.These abutment face flatly formed can manufacture more simply compared to bending abutment face, and contribute to axial force component that can simply determine, invigoration effect in addition, described axial force component depends on the power acted between latch and sync-body in a circumferential direction.
Fitting surface preferable configuration sync-body circumferentially stretch out, on the lug boss of wedge shape.Sync-body such as has recess in this case, and described recess is observed in a circumferential direction has opposite end face, and wherein, lug boss extends from end face towards recess.
Particularly preferably be, fitting surface extends with being basically parallel to corresponding associated abutment face.Thus, when power is transmitted, abutment face and fitting surface form large contact area.This contributes to face extruding less on latch and in sync-body and then less wearing and tearing, extends the working life of synchronizer thus.
In a kind of form of implementation of synchronizer, synchronizing ring is configured to without locking teeth portion, and only latch can discharge or locking gearshift clutch collar relative to the axial motion of synchronization blocks.Such lockable mechanism provides and manufactures advantage significantly, because the manufacture significantly reduced for synchronizing ring expends.
Preferably, multiple locking wedge Synchronization Component being circumferentially distributed in sync-body is obviously provided with.
Preferably, locking wedge Synchronization Component also comprises elastic element, described elastic element relative to transmission shaft radially outwardly towards gearshift clutch collar load lock stops.
Particularly preferably be, in gearshift clutch collar, be configured with the groove section extended in a circumferential direction, can latch be combined with in described groove section.This groove section allows described latch to guide ground relative movement relative to gearshift clutch collar in a circumferential direction.In synchronizing ring, therefore effective friction torque or synchronising torque are transmitted by means of only the abutment face on latch or the fitting surface in sync-body.Effective unblock moment between latch and synchronization blocks does not cause the reduction of invigoration effect, axial force component thus compared to so-called part servo synchronizer.In this case, synchronizing ring turns in its lock position (so-called location) and realizes by means of only latch.This means, synchronization blocks and synchronizing ring are relative to not having the rotation angle that limits in advance or the fixed stop portion in sync-body according to the locking wedge synchronizer of DE102007010307B3.
In the form of implementation of synchronizer, sync-body has recess, accommodates locking wedge Synchronization Component in this recess, and wherein, synchronization blocks is movably received within recess in a circumferential direction especially limitedly.Such recess has been arranged on traditional to be had in the synchronizer of one or more locking wedge Synchronization Component, and structurally only slightly must mate about its cross section, to realize the acting in conjunction desired by between latch and sync-body by abutment face and fitting surface.
In this form of implementation, synchronizing ring preferably has axial lug boss, and this axial projection portion extends in recess, wherein, between the lug boss of synchronization blocks essentially no two axis being arranged on synchronizing ring with gap in a circumferential direction.Thus, the structure of traditional synchronizer with locking wedge Synchronization Component can be maintained thus.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Other features and advantages of the present invention obtain from the explanation after preferred implementing form with reference to accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates the vertical profile details of manual transmission in the region of locking wedge Synchronization Component had according to synchronizer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the cross-section details of manual transmission in the region of locking wedge Synchronization Component according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 illustrates the top perspective view of manual transmission in the region of locking wedge Synchronization Component (without gearshift clutch collar) according to Fig. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 illustrates the three-dimensional details of the locking wedge Synchronization Component according to Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 illustrates the tangential cutting details X-X of synchronizer according to the present invention in neutral position placed in the middle according to Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 illustrates the tangential cutting details X-X of synchronizer according to the present invention in sync bit according to Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 illustrates the three-dimensional exploded view in the region of locking wedge Synchronization Component of the manual transmission of the mode of execution of the alternative had according to synchronizer of the present invention;
Fig. 8 illustrates the three-dimensional exploded view of the locking wedge Synchronization Component according to Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 illustrates the cross section of the manual transmission according to Fig. 7;
Figure 10 illustrates the longitudinal section of manual transmission in the region of locking wedge Synchronization Component according to Fig. 7;
Figure 11 illustrates the cross-section details of manual transmission in the region of locking wedge Synchronization Component according to Fig. 7;
Figure 12 illustrates the top perspective view of synchronizer in the region of locking wedge Synchronization Component (without gearshift clutch collar) according to Fig. 7;
Figure 13 illustrates according to the tangential cutting details XIII-XIII of Fig. 9 manual transmission in neutral position placed in the middle.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 and 2 illustrates the vertical profile details saying the synchronizer 12 being manual transmission 10 accurately or the cross-section details of manual transmission 10.
Synchronizer 12 comprises: sync-body 14, and described sync-body to be torsionally placed on transmission shaft and to rotate around spin axis A on circumferencial direction 16; The gearshift clutch collar 18 be torsionally connected with sync-body 14, described gearshift clutch collar can be arranged movably relative to sync-body 14 on axial direction 20; Synchronizing ring 22 in each axial side of sync-body 14, described synchronizing ring is used for sync-body 14 to be connected by frictional connection to the corresponding shift gear of speed changer 10; And locking wedge Synchronization Component 26, described locking wedge Synchronization Component be bonded on gearshift clutch collar 18 on, and shift gears clutch collar 18 move axially time with axial shifting power F (Fig. 6) towards shift gear loading synchronous ring 22 to be coupled.The shift gear of manual transmission 10 is not shown in FIG, but illustrate only clutch disk 24, this clutch disk is adjacent to shift gear, and is torsionally connected with shift gear regularly, preferably.Implement in flexible program in alternative, clutch disk 24 and shift gear also can be formed on single type ground.
Locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 comprises synchronization blocks 28, latch 30 and elastic element 34, can not move to a great extent on axial direction 20 in the opening of described latch in synchronization blocks 28, but hold movingly in radial direction 32 and circumferential direction 16, described elastic element relative to variator axis A radially outwardly towards gearshift clutch collar 18 load lock stops 30.
Multiple locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 is circumferentially provided with in sync-body 14.
Due to this locking wedge Synchronization Component 26, synchronizer 12 has special lockable mechanism, wherein, and the axial motion of clutch collar 18 relative to synchronization blocks 28 that latch 30 can discharge or locking is shifted gears.Therefore, in this case, synchronizing ring 22 can be configured to simply, without the circular cone ring of locking teeth portion.Compared with having the synchronizing ring of locking teeth portion, the manufacture without the synchronizing ring 22 of locking teeth portion ground manufacture expends obvious reduction.
The general working principle with the manual transmission 10 of such locking wedge Synchronization Component describes in detail in the DE102007010307B3 of clear and definite reference, and is next only explained with regard to its basic principle by shift process.
From the neutral position (see Fig. 5) of not shifting gears of the manual transmission 10 according to Fig. 1 and 2, such as axial shifting power F (Fig. 6) is applied on gearshift clutch collar 18 by (not illustrating) selector fork, thus makes the direction towards the gearshift teeth portion 35 of clutch disk 24 load gearshift clutch collar 18.
Elastic element 34 is placed in leaving a blank in portion of synchronization blocks 28 under latch 30, and radially outward extruding latch 30.To this, elastic element 34 or to be supported in sync-body 14 (with reference to Fig. 1 and 2), or be supported on as an alternative in synchronization blocks 28.
Latch 30 basic shape on axial direction 20 is embedded in the groove section 36 of gearshift clutch collar 18 (see Fig. 1) with engaging, and load towards synchronization blocks 28 vertically when applying gear shifting force F, described synchronization blocks loads towards synchronizing ring 22 vertically, and synchronizing ring 22 relends and helps the conical rubbing surface formed to load towards the rubbing surface of shift gear.
When there is speed discrepancy between sync-body 14 and shift gear, due to the frictional connection between synchronizing ring 22 and shift gear, relatively rotate between synchronizing ring 22 and sync-body 14.
Because synchronization blocks 28 usually seamlessly remain on circumferencial direction 16 two axis of synchronizing ring 22, on circumferencial direction 16 interval lug boss 37 between (see Fig. 2), and latch 30 connects with sync-body 14, so cause the relative movement between synchronization blocks 28 and latch 30 with very little gap (with reference to figure 5 and 6) on circumferencial direction 16.This relative movement is limited by the coefficient sphenoid surface 38 (see Fig. 2) in synchronization blocks 28 and on latch 30, wherein, the sphenoid surface 38 loaded relative to each other first prevent the radially inner motion of latch 30 and and then also prevent gearshift clutch collar 18 towards gearshift teeth portion 35 axial motion.Radially inner force component is produced by the fitting surface 42 of the inclined-plane 40 of the axis on latch 30 and the corresponding inclination on gearshift clutch collar 18.
When the impacting force between sphenoid surface 38 reduces due to the synchronization between sync-body 14 and shift gear, gear shifting force F is enough to latch 30 is radially-inwardly moved and gearshift clutch collar 18 is axially shifted onto in the gearshift teeth portion 35 of clutch disk 24 through latch 30.Therefore, sync-body 14 is engaged ground and is seamlessly connected to a great extent by gearshift clutch collar 18 with clutch disk 24 shape on circumferencial direction 16 with shift gear.
Sync-body 14 has recess 44 in its outer circumferential area, accommodates locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 in this recess.Usually be provided with multiple, especially three locking wedge Synchronization Component 26, these locking wedge Synchronization Component are evenly distributed in sync-body 14 circumferentially.Correspondingly, be also provided with in sync-body 14 multiple, preferably three for holding the recess 44 of locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 respectively.
Recess 44 is made up of circumferential opening 48 and about radial opening 50 medially intersected with circumferential opening 48 substantially according to Fig. 2.Radial moveable latch 30 and elastic element 34 are arranged in radial opening 50, and described elastic element is configured to helical compression spring at this and loads described latch 30 towards gearshift clutch collar 18 radially outwardly.The synchronization blocks 28 of locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 is movably received within limitedly in the circumferential opening 48 of recess 44 on circumferencial direction 16.
Locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 torsionally keeps relative to the longitudinal axis of locking wedge Synchronization Component 26.According to form of implementation, such as by gearshift clutch collar 18 is torsionally connected with latch 30, and only can be contained in synchronization blocks 28 with moving on circumferencial direction 16 by latch, and/or obtain this antitorque supporting by between two axial projection portions 37 synchronization blocks 28 being torsionally fixed on synchronizing ring 22.
The axial projection portion 37 of synchronizing ring 22 extends in recess 44, says it is extend in the circumferential opening 48 of recess 44 accurately, and wherein, synchronization blocks 28 is substantially seamlessly arranged between two axial projection portions 37 of synchronizing ring 22 on circumferencial direction 16.Therefore, synchronization blocks 28 can be rotated limitedly on circumferencial direction 16 relative to sync-body 14 together with synchronizing ring 22.
The contrary circumferential ends 52,53 of latch 30 is directly adjacent to the opposed circumferential ends 54,55 of sync-body 14 due to the shape of cross section of recess 44.
It is clear that be configured with abutment face 56a, 56b, 58a, 58b on latch 30 in the plan view of the solid according to Fig. 3, these abutment face can be bonded on corresponding fitting surface 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b of sync-body 14.
Abutment face and fitting surface 56a, 56b, 58a, 58b, 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b are inclined at this, make (friction) the power F worked between latch 30 and sync-body 14 on circumferencial direction 16
rwith the force component F of axis
servotowards shift gear to be coupled or towards the clutch disk 24 loading synchronous ring 22 (with reference to figure 6) be fixedly connected with shift gear.
Fig. 4 illustrates locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 with the detailed drawing of solid.Can identify well in this case, each circumferential ends 52,53 of latch 30 is configured with two abutment face 56a, 56b and 58a, 58b, wherein, two abutment face 56a, 58a or 56b contrary on circumferencial direction 16,58b extend obliquely relative to each other respectively on axial direction 20, circumferential ends 52,53 is observed in radial direction 32 and has wedge shape.In this case, be move to leave its neutral position placed in the middle and independently occur that gear shifting force is strengthened on the first axial direction or on the second contrary axial direction with gearshift clutch collar 18.
Self-evidently, also following mode of execution can be considered, wherein, latch 30 has contrary circumferential ends 52,53, these circumferential ends are only configured with abutment face 56a, 58a or 56b, 58b respectively, wherein, two contrary in a circumferential direction abutment face 56a, 58a or 56b, 58b extend obliquely relative to each other on axial direction 20.So, gear shifting force strengthening only realizes on one of two axial shifting directions.
Fig. 5 shows the tangential cutting details X-X in neutral position placed in the middle of the synchronizer 12 according to Fig. 3.At this it is clear that abutment face 56a, 56b, 58a, 58b extend with being parallel to plane E respectively, described plane is from radial plane E
radialset out, relative to being positioned at radial plane E
radialin basic radial direction extend spin axis A
rottilted angle [alpha].
Specifically, latch 30 has contrary circumferential ends 52,53, and these ends are configured with two relative to each other and relatively radial plane E respectively
radialthe abutment face 56a, 56b or 58a, the 58b that tilt.
According to Fig. 5, two relative radial plane E of circumferential ends 52,53
radialthe abutment face 56a, 56b or 58a that tilt, 58b are directly adjacent to each other, thus the circumferential ends 52,53 of wedge shape are come to a point respectively gradually.Alternatively, can also be configured with junction surface 64 between abutment face 56a, 56b or 58a of the inclination of circumferential ends 52,53,58b, this junction surface is basically parallel to radial plane E
radialground extends.Such enforcement flexible program shows out with dotted line in Figure 5.
According to Fig. 5, same being adjacent at each circumferential ends 54,55 place of sync-body 14 is configured with two fitting surfaces 60a, 60b or 62a, 62b on recess 44 ground, wherein, two fitting surface 60a, 62a or 60b contrary on circumferencial direction 16,62b extend obliquely relative to each other respectively on axial direction 20, circumferential ends 54,55 is observed in radial direction 32 and has wedge shape.
Fitting surface 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b are configured on the wedge shape lug boss 66,67 of sync-body 14 at this, and described wedge shape lug boss reaches in recess 44 on circumferencial direction 16.
Sync-body 14 is adjacent to recess 44 ground thus and has opposed circumferential ends 54,55, these circumferential ends is configured with two respectively relative to each other and relative to radial plane E
radialfitting surface 60a, 60b or 62a of tilting, 62b.
Be similar to abutment face 56a, 56b or 58a, 58b ground, two of circumferential ends 54,55 relative to radial plane E
radialtilt fitting surface 60a, 60b or 62a, 62b can be directly adjacent to each other, and the circumferential ends 54,55 of wedge shape is come to a point gradually.Alternatively, can be configured with junction surface 68 between fitting surface 60a, 60b or 62a, 62b, described junction surface is basically parallel to radial plane E
radialground extends.To this, refer again in Figure 5 with the flexible program that dotted line shows out.
The advantage with the enforcement flexible program of junction surface 64,68 is, when there is drag torque in the neutral position placed in the middle of synchronizer 12, and that do not generate strengthening, axial force component F
servo.In this case, namely force component F
servodo not strengthen gear shifting force F, but strengthen unexpected drag torque.
Fig. 6 shows the tangential cutting details of the synchronizer 12 according to Fig. 5, but wherein, synchronizer 12 is no longer arranged in its neutral position placed in the middle, but is arranged in the sync bit of axial dipole field.
In this synchronizer position, cause moving axially of latch 30, synchronization blocks 28 and synchronizing ring 22 by the gearshift clutch collar 18 gear shifting force F be applied on latch 30, until synchronizing ring 22 and shift gear rubbing action.Due to the speed discrepancy between synchronizing ring 22 and sync-body 14, latch 30 by the synchronization blocks 28 that is torsionally connected with synchronizing ring 22 on circumferencial direction 16 by frictional force or simultaneous force F
rload towards sync-body 14.Correspondingly, in the current situation, abutment face 58a contacts with the fitting surface 62b be associated, wherein, by the force component F of axis
servoload lock stops 30 and and then synchronizing ring 22, the force component of this axis acts on the direction identical with gear shifting force F.Force component F
servoreaction force import in sync-body 14, and to be eliminated by the cod of sync-body.Therefore, the reaction on gearshift clutch collar 18 or gear shifting force to be applied is not occurred to.
Latch 30 is coupled in groove section 36, and described groove section extends on circumferencial direction 16 (with reference to Fig. 1 and 2).Thus, the groove section 36 for latch 30 is formed in the guide portion on circumferencial direction 16, and achieves the corresponding relative movement between latch 30 and gearshift clutch collar 18.Therefore, the effective friction torque in synchronizing ring 22 or synchronising torque M
rtransmit by means of only the abutment face 56a of latch 30,56b, 58a, 58b or fitting surface 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b in sync-body 14.Relative to so-called part servo synchronizer, the effective unblock moment between latch 30 and synchronization blocks 28 does not cause invigoration effect, axial force component F
servoreduction.Synchronizing ring 22 turns in its lock position (so-called location) and realizes by means of only latch 30 in this case.
In order to be minimized by the surface pressure of abutment face 56a coefficient in sync bit, 56b, 58a, 58b and fitting surface 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b, fitting surface 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b are basically parallel to its abutment face 56a be associated, 56b, 58a, 58b extend.
Fig. 7 to 13 shows the manual transmission 10 with the synchronizer 12 implementing flexible program according to alternative.Because this form of implementation of synchronizer 12 corresponds essentially to the form of implementation according to Fig. 1 to 6 in its structure in principle and general work principle, so clearly to illustrate with reference to accompanying drawing above this, and next only inquire into the difference of two kinds of forms of implementation.
In the figure 7, the three-dimensional exploded view of manual transmission 10 is shown.In this case, be similar to the first form of implementation of the synchronizer 12 according to Fig. 1 to 6, sync-body 14 is axially disposed between two synchronizing ring 22.In order to synchronization blocks 28 is substantially seamlessly connected with synchronizing ring 22 on circumferencial direction 16, present synchronizing ring 22 replaces and has recess 70 according to the ground, axial projection portion 37 of Fig. 2, and the cooperation section 72 radially-inwardly bending extension of synchronization blocks 28 extends in described recess.At this, the cooperation that synchronization blocks 28 engages to the shape in recess 70 is so mated and is accurately realized, and synchronization blocks 28 is torsionally connected with synchronizing ring 22 (also seeing Figure 12) substantially.
Such as seeing according to knowing in the speed changer cross section of Fig. 9, the structural change of synchronizer 12 especially produces Beneficial Effect to the manufacture of sync-body 14, because the recess 44 in sync-body 14 can manufacture to low cost.Compare with the recess 44 in Fig. 2, abandoned side for the complexity of synchronizing ring lug boss 37 recessed and for the web of the thin-walled that forms fitting surface 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b.
It is clear that be supported in synchronizing ring 22 in radial direction 32 according to the synchronization blocks 28 of the second form of implementation of synchronizer 12 in the speed changer longitudinal section of Figure 10.And synchronization blocks 28 is radially supported in sync-body 14 in the first form of implementation, make especially when cutting out gear (releasing process), between sync-body 14 and synchronization blocks 28, create unexpected frictional force, this frictional force may some infringement shifting comfort.
In addition, sync-body 14 is in Fig. 10 arranged between two synchronizing ring 22 in the axial direction, and wherein, two synchronizing ring 22 substantially seamlessly connect by synchronization blocks 28 on axial direction 20.Connected by the axis of synchronizing ring 22, in the neutral position of manual transmission 10, the frictional loss produced due to unexpected drag torque minimizes.This is also referred to as " forced ventilation " of synchronizing ring 22.
Compared with the first form of implementation, the axial dimension of the synchronization blocks 28 in the second form of implementation of synchronizer 12 is obviously larger.By the radial support on the ring size of the whole axis of each synchronization blocks 28 in recess 70 region in synchronizing ring 22 and the possible support on gearshift clutch collar 18 (with reference to Figure 10), during shift process, be applied to tilting moment in each synchronization blocks 28 and clamping force obviously reduces.This advantageously affects shifting comfort again.
Fig. 8 illustrates the detailed drawing of the locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 of the second form of implementation of synchronizer 12.As according in first form of implementation of Fig. 1 to 6, locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 comprises synchronization blocks 28, latch 30 and elastic element 34, described latch can not move on axial direction 20 as far as possible relative to synchronization blocks 28, but arrange movingly in radial direction 32 and circumferencial direction 16, described elastic element about variator axis A radially outwardly towards gearshift clutch collar 18 load lock stops 30.
Do not change in the general work principle of manual transmission 10 and the lockable mechanism of synchronizer 12, thus with reference to the corresponding elaboration for the first mode of execution.
And structurally, locking wedge Synchronization Component 26 significant change.Therefore, such as synchronization blocks 28 is observed in longitudinal section has web 74 placed in the middle, accommodates elastic element 34 in this web.In two axial side, web 74 is connected respectively to for the support section 76 be supported in synchronizing ring 22, wherein, support section 76 is transitioned into respectively in junction section 72 on the axial end portion of synchronization blocks 28, in one of junction section recess 70 being coupled to synchronizing ring.According to Figure 10, be directly adjacent to radial outside and two axial end side of each synchronizing ring 22 by synchronization blocks, synchronization blocks 28 surrounds two synchronizing ring 22.
The side deviating from synchronizing ring 22 of support section 76 is configured with multiple locking projection 78, and described locking projection stretches out radially outwardly and has sphenoid surface 38.Latch 30 is configured with complementary locking projection 80 (see Figure 11 and 13), and the locking projection of described complementation has sphenoid surface 38 equally.During shift process, the sphenoid surface 38 of locking projection 78,80 is as above in the face of the just the same ground acting in conjunction of the first form of implementation explanation of synchronizer 12.
To be substituted in the first form of implementation according to Fig. 2 an effective sphenoid surface pair in each sync direction, in the second form of implementation, to obtain each sync direction four effective sphenoid surface pair according in the synchronization blocks 28 with four locking projections 78 of Figure 12.Therefore, latch 30 can be aimed at better in the lock position of synchronizer 12 on sphenoid surface 38, thus, prevents the less desirable of latch 30 to topple.In addition, by the sphenoid surface 38 of larger quantity, the area that altogether effectively reclines is also improved, and the largest face extruding because this reducing appearance.
Figure 11 illustrates the details of the synchronizer 12 according to the second form of implementation.At this, the contrary circumferential ends 52,53 of latch 30 is directly adjacent to the opposite circumferential ends 54,55 of sync-body 14.
According in the top perspective view of Figure 12 it is clear that be configured with abutment face 56a, 56b, 58a, 58b on latch 30, these abutment face can be bonded on corresponding fitting surface 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b of sync-body 14.
Be similar to Fig. 5 of the first form of implementation of synchronizer 12, Figure 13 of the second form of implementation of synchronizer 12 illustrates the tangential cutting details of the manual transmission 10 according to Fig. 9.
Usually in the second form of implementation, abutment face and fitting surface 56a, 56b, 58a, 58b, 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b are also inclined to, and make (friction) power F of effect between latch 30 and sync-body 14 on circumferencial direction 16
rwith the force component F of axis
servotowards shift gear to be coupled or towards the clutch disk 24 loading synchronous ring 22 (with reference to figure 6) be fixedly connected with described shift gear.
From the power F of effect between latch 30 and sync-body 14 on circumferencial direction 16
rproduce axial force component F
servoprinciple completely the same for the first and second forms of implementation of synchronizer 12.Therefore, to this clearly with reference to figure 5 and 6 and related description.
Claims (14)
1. the synchronizer of speed changer (10), described synchronizer has:
Sync-body (14), described sync-body is torsionally arranged on transmission shaft,
Gearshift clutch collar (18), described gearshift clutch collar relative to described sync-body (14) torsionally but axially can arrange movably,
Synchronizing ring (22), described synchronizing ring is used for the shift gear of described sync-body (14) with described speed changer (10) to be connected by frictional connection, and
Locking wedge Synchronization Component (26), described locking wedge Synchronization Component is bonded on described gearshift clutch collar (18), and load described synchronizing ring (22) with the gear shifting force of axis (F) towards described shift gear to be coupled when described gearshift clutch collar (18) moves axially
Wherein, described locking wedge Synchronization Component (26) has synchronization blocks (28) and latch (30),
It is characterized in that, described latch (30) is configured with abutment face (56a, 56b, 58a, 58b), described abutment face can be bonded on the corresponding fitting surface (60a, 60b, 62a, 62b) of described sync-body (14)
Wherein, described abutment face and/or described fitting surface (56a, 56b, 58a, 58b, 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b) are at least inclined in some section Shangdis, make the power (F of effect between latch (30) and sync-body (14) on circumferencial direction (16)
r) cause axial force component (F
servo), described axial force component loads described synchronizing ring (22) towards shift gear to be coupled.
2. synchronizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described latch (30) has contrary circumferential ends (54,55), described circumferential ends is configured with at least one abutment face (56a, 56b, 58a, 58b) respectively, wherein, contrary abutment face (56a, 58a is gone up at circumferencial direction (16) for two; 56b, 58b) extend obliquely relative to each other on axial direction (20).
3. synchronizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, each circumferential ends (54,55) is configured with two abutment face (56a, 56b; 58a, 58b), wherein, two at circumferencial direction (16) upper contrary abutment face (56a, 58a; 56b, 58b) extend obliquely relative to each other on axial direction (20) respectively, make described circumferential ends (54,55) have wedge shape in the upper observation of radial direction (32).
4. according to the synchronizer of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described abutment face (56a, 56b; 58a, 58b) be parallel to respectively as lower plane (E) extend, described plane is from radial plane (E
radial) set out relative to being positioned at described radial plane (E
radial) in, the basic radial spin axis (A extended
rot) angle that tilted (α).
5. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described fitting surface (60a, 60b, 62a, 62b) is configured on lug boss (66,67) that along the circumferential direction (16) of described sync-body (14) stretch out, wedge shape.
6. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described fitting surface (60a, 60b, 62a, 62b) is basically parallel to described abutment face (56a, 56b of respective associated; 58a, 58b) extend.
7. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described synchronizing ring (22) is formed without locking teeth portion ground, and described latch (30) can discharge or the axial motion of clutch collar (18) relative to described synchronization blocks (28) of shifting gears described in locking.
8. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described locking wedge Synchronization Component (26) comprises elastic element (34), and described elastic element loads described latch (30) towards described gearshift clutch collar (18) radially outwardly relative to transmission shaft.
9. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, be configured with in described gearshift clutch collar (18) at the upper groove section (36) extended of circumferencial direction (16), described latch (30) can be coupled in described groove section.
10. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described sync-body (14) has recess (44), described locking wedge Synchronization Component (26) is contained in described recess, wherein, described synchronization blocks (28) can be contained in movably limitedly in described recess (44) on circumferencial direction (16).
11. synchronizers according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described synchronizing ring (22) has axial lug boss (37), described lug boss extends in described recess (44), wherein, described synchronization blocks (28) is substantially seamlessly arranged between the lug boss (37) of two axis of described synchronizing ring (22) on circumferencial direction (16).
12. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, and it is characterized in that, described synchronization blocks (28) is supported in described synchronizing ring (22) in radial direction (32).
13. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described synchronization blocks (28) extends in the recess (70) of described synchronizing ring (22), and described synchronization blocks (28) is substantially seamlessly connected with described synchronizing ring (22) on circumferencial direction (16).
14. according to the synchronizer of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described sync-body (14) is arranged between two synchronizing ring (22) in the axial direction, wherein, described synchronization blocks (28) substantially seamlessly connects two synchronizing ring (22) on axial direction (20).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011106262A DE102011106262A1 (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Synchronization unit of gear box for motor car, has locking block whose contact surfaces are engaged with mating surfaces of synchronous element for pressurizing synchronizer to couple between locking block and synchronous element |
| DE102011106262.2 | 2011-05-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102788101A CN102788101A (en) | 2012-11-21 |
| CN102788101B true CN102788101B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
Family
ID=47088191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210156806.0A Active CN102788101B (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | The synchronizer of speed changer |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102788101B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011106262A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2975455B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014108202A1 (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2015-12-17 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Holding Gmbh | Synchronization unit for a transmission |
| DE102015009009A1 (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2017-01-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | synchronizer |
| CN105508454B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-01-29 | 赵鹏义 | Phase control mode is driven colligator |
| EP3701162A1 (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2020-09-02 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Device and method for synchronisation |
| CN108802351B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2023-12-01 | 山东交通学院 | Lock block type single-double-shaft conversion device for pavement acceleration loading test equipment |
| DE102018129311B3 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-28 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Synchronization and locking element for synchronization |
| CN112539227B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2022-07-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Synchronous system and vehicle that has it |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202009010459U1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2009-09-24 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Lock wedge synchronization assembly and manual transmission with a locking wedge synchronization assembly |
| WO2010108697A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Gearbox synchronization unit |
| DE102010004382A1 (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2011-03-10 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Synchronization unit of a transmission |
| DE202009014814U1 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-03-17 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Locking synchronization module of a manual transmission |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2256700A1 (en) * | 1972-11-18 | 1974-05-22 | Hajtomu Es Felvonogyar | SYNCHRONOUS COUPLING WITH STOP BUSH |
| DE3622464C1 (en) * | 1986-07-04 | 1987-12-17 | Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Gmbh, 7140 Ludwigsburg, De | |
| GB0116676D0 (en) * | 2001-07-07 | 2001-08-29 | Eaton Corp | Synchronizer |
| DE102007010307B3 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-06-05 | Hoerbiger Synchrontechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Clutch arrangement for torque-proof connection of shaft with rotating unit i.e. idler, for transmission of motor vehicle, has locking surface pair coupled in axial direction with locking unit and in rotary direction with synchronous ring |
| DE102008049347B4 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2011-01-27 | Hofer Forschungs- Und Entwicklungs Gmbh | Double clutch |
-
2011
- 2011-05-18 DE DE102011106262A patent/DE102011106262A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-05-16 FR FR1254524A patent/FR2975455B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-05-18 CN CN201210156806.0A patent/CN102788101B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010108697A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Gearbox synchronization unit |
| DE202009010459U1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2009-09-24 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Lock wedge synchronization assembly and manual transmission with a locking wedge synchronization assembly |
| DE102010004382A1 (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2011-03-10 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Synchronization unit of a transmission |
| DE202009014814U1 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-03-17 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Locking synchronization module of a manual transmission |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2975455B1 (en) | 2016-02-05 |
| FR2975455A1 (en) | 2012-11-23 |
| CN102788101A (en) | 2012-11-21 |
| DE102011106262A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
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