CN102786611B - Organic alkali compound as pH value regulating agent for preparing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin - Google Patents
Organic alkali compound as pH value regulating agent for preparing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an organic alkali compound as a pH value regulating agent for preparing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin and belongs to the technical field of polymer preparation. In the technical process of preparing general PVC resin products by a suspension method, organic alkali compounds such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, pyridine and picoline are selected as the pH value regulating agent for replacing the traditional inorganic alkali or inorganic salt compounds such as NaOH, NaHCO3, NH4HCO3 and tricalcium phosphate; the addition quantity of the pH value regulating agent is metered according to the mass ratio, the chloroethylene monomer: the pH value regulating agent is 1:0.00014-0.00036; and the addition quantity of aqueous emulsion type terminating agents ZRT-6 is metered according to the mass ratio, and the chloroethylene monomer:ZRT-6 is 1:0.0008-0.001. The aqueous emulsion type terminating agents ZRT-6 is selected for eliminating the harm of chloride ions and improving the particle characteristic and the thermal stability of PVC resin products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is that suspension method is prepared in the technological process of universal polyvinyl chloride (PVC) rosin products, selecting a kind of organo-alkali compound is pH value conditioning agent, for eliminate chlorion harm, improve the particle characteristics of polyvinyl chloride resin product, belong to polymkeric substance preparing technical field.
Background technology
The disclosed pH value conditioning agent technical literature introduction about using in polyvinyl chloride resin production in the past:
In the technological process of polyvinyl chloride resin product, the pH value conditioning agent auxiliary agent that is absolutely necessary, the material using mainly contains highly basic, strong base-weak acid salt, weak-alkaline and weak-acidic salt etc., as, NaOH, NaHCO
3, NH
4hCO
3, the compound such as tricalcium phosphate, by insider, generally approved at present and produce in that widely use is NH
4hCO
3, pH value conditioning agent polymerization rate and resin quality have a significant impact, and especially improve the particle characteristics of polyvinyl chloride resin product.
The particle form of polyvinyl chloride resin not only affects the plasticizing processing characteristics of resin, but also affect the content of residual vinyl chloride monomer in the desorption speed of residual vinyl chloride monomer in resin and sold resin, therefore improving polyvinyl chloride resin particle form is very important problem in producing.Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS product is generally the white powder of particle diameter 100 ~ 200um, the particle characteristics of resin is the important performance indexes of weighing quality product, melt fluidity, fusion time, products appearance etc. when median size and distribution, apparent density, plasticizer absorption rate, sieving rate directly affect resin treatment, porosity is high and be evenly distributed, particle size range is suitable and distribute rosin products good processability concentrated, and the mechanical property of resin and use properties improve.
In vinyl chloride monomer suspension polymerization, produce in the technological process of polyvinyl chloride resin, on PVC molecular chain, form unsettled tertiary chlorine atom, chlorallylene structural compounds, these materials easily cause PVC molecule to deviate from hydrogenchloride, cause polymerization system meta-acid, acid have strong katalysis to PVC molecule dehydrochlorination, therefore in system by adding pH adjusting agent, utilize simple acid-base neutralisation and replacement(metathesis)reaction principle, the hydrogenchloride containing in the hydrogenchloride that elimination polymerization process is emitted and vinylchlorid raw material, keep reaction system to be weakly alkaline, to suppress in polymerization process by the caused negative effect of hydrogenchloride.
Research shows, in process of production, the pH value of reaction medium has a significant impact the quality of polymerization rate, polymkeric substance, reason is that the rate of decomposition of initiator, the stabilizing power of dispersion agent all depend on the pH value of medium, pH value is high or on the low side all unfavorable, polyreaction is conducive to carry out in the medium of neutrality or meta-alkalescence, and both pH=7.5 ~ 8.5 value was for good.
Sodium hydroxide solution is a kind of strong base solution, has strong acid-base neutralisation, and in suspension polymerization of VC production process, use sodium hydroxide solution is pH value conditioning agent, and the hydrogenchloride that in neutralization reaction system, solution discharges fast, is considered as had advantage.On the other hand, use sodium hydroxide solution compared with other type pH value conditioning agent, addition, changes even trace all can show system pH value much larger than other the contribution rate of reacting system PH value rising or reduction, so turndown ratio is little, pH value changes at a wide region.Due to the complicacy of polymerization reaction system and the uncertainty of free hydrogenchloride generation, the poor reproducibility of each batch, cause being difficult to precisely determine effective usage quantity of sodium hydroxide, consumption is few, it is acid that system is, acidic conditions has strong katalysis to PVC molecule dehydrochlorination, make the acid further increase of system, the rate of decomposition of initiator is accelerated so on the one hand, rate of polymerization improves, on the other hand, when pH value is too low, easily there is decarboxylic reaction in the polyvinyl alcohol in dispersion agent, make the table of dispersion agent and tension variation is larger, particle characteristics to PVC has a negative impact, easily produce flake, consumption is large, and strong base solution makes the hydrolysis of dispersion agent PVA, affects its dispersion and guarantor's glue effect to vinyl chloride monomer, causes the PVC of polyreaction to go out coarse fodder, affects the particle characteristics of PVC product, therefore effective usage quantity, the stabilising system pH value of precisely determining sodium hydroxide change more difficult at a close limit, add in NaOH and hydrogenchloride, the Cl of formation
-1chlorion is dispersed in reaction solution, although ionic concn is low, production run for a long time, to polyreaction kettle and the relevant contained metallic nickel generation complex reaction of stainless steel pipeline, valve, generating nickel salt complex, has stronger spot corrosion, irreversible destruction to stainless material, variable valency metal ions in nickel salt complex compound has stronger katalysis to chain type free radical reaction, and its existence can be accelerated the thermo-oxidative ageing of PVC product, in addition, the hydrogenchloride of NaOH in can only neutralization reaction liquid, some mixes with vinyl chloride monomer and the hydrogenchloride that is dispersed in the gas-phase space of polymerization reaction kettle cannot neutralize, and can cause equally the equipment corrosion of gas-phase space.
Sodium bicarbonate is a kind of strong base weak acid compound, and in suspension polymerization of VC is produced, as pH value conditioning agent, the polyvinyl chloride resin plasticizer absorption rate of production is than being used the slightly low of sodium hydroxide solution, and granule regularizing degree is good, and particle size is little.But sodium hydrogen carbonate solution carries out in acid and time, easily decompose and produce titanium dioxide carbon deposit in reflux exchanger, greatly affect reflux exchanger exchange capability of heat, make troubles to normal production.
In tricalcium phosphate, belong to strong base-weak acid salt, in suspension polymerization of VC is produced, as pH value conditioning agent, show the detrimentally affect of calcium ion to dispersion agent, calcium ion easily deposits in addition, makes the fouling of PVC slurry stripping tower and stops up; The polyvinyl chloride resin apparent density of using tricalcium phosphate solution to produce is higher, and oil suction rate variance, finally causes the particle characteristics of resin poor.
In production process, select bicarbonate of ammonia as pH value conditioning agent, solution is buffered soln, at polymerization system, than sodium hydroxide solution, has more advantage, is difficult for causing solution meta-acid or meta-alkali; NH
4hCO
3as pH value conditioning agent weak point, be NH
4hCO
3unstable easy decomposition, volatilization, is decomposed into ammonia, carbonic acid gas and aqueous vapor very soon, produces error and cause measuring inaccurate while causing obtain solution; Decomposing generation carbonic acid gas accumulates in reflux exchanger; Generate compound salt NH with hcl reaction
4cl, at dissociation in water, going out chlorion has stronger pitting corrosion effect, causes equipment and auxiliary facility corrosion damage.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned existing deficiency that polyvinyl chloride resin Technology exists of preparing, and selects a kind of organo-alkali compound to substitute traditional mineral alkali or inorganic salt compound NaOH, NaHCO
3, NH
4hCO
3, tricalcium phosphate etc. prepares universal polyvinyl chloride resin Product Process process for suspension method for pH value conditioning agent, a kind of aqueous emulsion type terminator ZRT-6, with eliminate chlorion in reaction solution harm, improve polyvinyl chloride resin product particle characteristics, improve the ageing resistance of polyvinyl chloride resin product.
A kind of organo-alkali compound of the present invention, as the using method of the pH value conditioning agent of preparation polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, carries out according to following step:
In the universal polyvinyl chloride resin Product Process of known preparation process, selecting a kind of organo-alkali compound is pH value conditioning agent, according to mix-order, add in proportion pH value conditioning agent, deionized water, vinyl chloride monomer, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose, stir, temperature is at 56 ~ 57 ℃, pressure is 0.85 ~ 0.87MPa, add initiator, temperature is carried out polyreaction at 56 ~ 57 ℃, control temperature of reaction, reaction is carried out 5.0 ~ 5.5 hours, the transformation efficiency of vinyl chloride monomer is about 80%, add water miscible liquid terminator ZRT-6, cooling discharge, obtain having the polyvinyl chloride resin product of good particle characteristics and stability.
Wherein said add in proportion add-on that pH value conditioning agent refers to pH value conditioning agent according to the mass ratio meter of vinyl chloride monomer, vinyl chloride monomer: pH value conditioning agent=1:0.00014 ~ 0.00036; Aqueous emulsion type terminator ZRT-6 add-on according to the mass ratio meter of vinyl chloride monomer, vinyl chloride monomer: ZRT-6=1:0.0008 ~ 0.001.
Wherein said organo-alkali compound refers to: Trimethylamine 99, triethylamine, Tri-n-Propylamine, Tributylamine, tri-isobutylamine, trioctylamine, tri-iso-octylamine, N, accelerine, N, N-Diethyl Aniline, pyridine, 2-picoline, 3-picoline, 4-picoline, 2,3-lutidine, 2,4-lutidine, 2,5-lutidine, 2,6-lutidine, 2,3,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,4,5-trimethylpyridine, 2, the aqueous solution of 3,5-trimethylpyridine or described organo-alkali compound.
Described organo-alkali compound also belongs to aminated compounds, not share electron pair in its molecule on nitrogen-atoms is in sp2 hybridized orbital, its s orbital composition is many compared with sp3 hybridized orbital, close to nucleus, electronics is subject to the constraint of core stronger, the tendency that provides electronics is less, can be combined with proton, and pKa is 6.5 ~ 11.0 conventionally.Not share electron pair on nitrogen-atoms can be accepted proton and aobvious alkalescence, but its alkalescence a little less than; Described organo-alkali compound can be dissolved in and in polymerization liquid, form the aqueous solution, pH value scope before reaction is 8.5 ~ 9.0, reactor drops into after vinyl chloride monomer starts to react and finishes to polyreaction, in whole process, can catch rapidly free hydrogenchloride, maintain pH value of reaction system scope in 7.5 ~ 8.5 slight alkalinity range, be conducive to polymerization rate stationarity; The volatility that described organo-alkali compound has, is distributed in reactor gas-phase space on a small quantity, similar to reaction solution state and can synchronization acquistion gas-phase space in free hydrogenchloride; Described organo-alkali compound is as a kind of acid binding agent material, catch free hydrogenchloride and form hydrochloride, as: trimethylamine hydrochloride, triethylamine hydrochloride, pyridine hydrochloride etc., these materials are soluble in water and be dispersed in water miscible liquid, and be different from the water-soluble rear dissociation of inorganic salts compound, go out chlorion, with this, avoided chlorion to cause corrosion to polymerization reaction kettle and relevant device; The hydrochloride material that described organo-alkali compound is caught hydrogenchloride formation has emulsification, solubilising, dispersion, wetting action in the aqueous solution, in polymerization liquid with dispersion agent in polyvinyl alcohol have good synergy, further improve the dispersion of vinyl chloride monomer and protect glue effect, with this, improving the particle characteristics of the PVC product that polyreaction obtains; Described organic basis of hydrochloride material has good interface inhibition, stop water soluble polymer dispersion agent and the vinyl chloride monomer of suspension polymerization particle surface to pass through interface crosslinking copolymerization, with this, improve the epithelium structure of polyvinyl chloride resin and the thermostability of product.
advantage of the present invention
1, organo-alkali compound of the present invention is pH value conditioning agent, the alkalescence of its organo-alkali compound a little less than, make polymerization liquid in pH=7.5 ~ 8.5 range, be conducive to polymerization rate stationarity; The volatility that organo-alkali compound has, can synchronization acquistion gas-phase space in free hydrogenchloride; Organo-alkali compound but can be caught rapidly free hydrogenchloride and form organic basis of hydrochloride as a kind of weak base acid binding agent material, this material has emulsification, solubilising, dispersion, wetting action in polymerization liquid, there is good synergy with the polyvinyl alcohol in dispersion agent, further improve the dispersion of vinyl chloride monomer and protect glue effect, with this, improving the particle characteristics of the PVC product that polyreaction obtains; Organic basis of hydrochloride is soluble in water and be dispersed in water miscible liquid, is but different from the water-soluble rear dissociation of inorganic salts compound and goes out chlorion polymerization reaction kettle and relevant device are caused to corrosion; Organic basis of hydrochloride material has good interface inhibition, stops the water soluble polymer dispersion agent of suspension polymerization particle surface and vinyl chloride monomer to pass through interface crosslinking copolymerization, with this, improves the epithelium structure of polyvinyl chloride resin.
2, the present invention's selection is raw material by 2,6 di t butyl phenol, vinylbenzene, and catalytic alkylation reaction is prepared a kind of aqueous emulsion type terminator ZRT-6, has the efficiency of termination high, the advantage that ageing resistance is good, consumption is little, easy to use.Emulsion-type terminator and polyvinyl chloride resin consistency are very good, in the PVC of porous particle product, are uniformly dispersed, and to obtain the polyvinyl chloride resin product with stability, it has higher product whiteness and ageing whiteness.
Embodiment
Raw material used in the present invention, as: vinylchlorid, organo-alkali compound, bicarbonate of ammonia, acetone semicarbazone thiocarbamide, vinylbenzene, 2,6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds, Witco 1298 Soft Acid, four (β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid) pentaerythritol ester, diethyl hydroxylamine be commercially available prod, specification is industrial top grade product; The chemical constitution of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether: nonyl phenol and ethylene oxide adduct, commercially available prod (TX-10); Still release agent (Italy is yellow, NOXOL WSW); Synthetic Co., Ltd. of dispersion agent KH-20, L-10(Japan); HPMC(The Dow Chemical Co. (US) 2030 Dow Center, Abbott Road, Midland, Michigan 48640); Initiator EHP is peroxy dicarbonate two (2-ethylhexyl) ester both), both peroxidation neodecanoic acid isopropyl phenyl esters (Nobel Aksu, Tianjin company limited) of Tx99;
The aqueous emulsion type terminator that the present invention uses is prepared by following methods: agitator is being housed, thermometer, vinylbenzene dropping funnel, in the 3000ml four-hole boiling flask of reflux exchanger and nitrogen ingress pipe, add 750 gram 2, 6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds, 60 grams of Witco 1298 Soft Acids, 2.5 gram of four (β-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid) pentaerythritol ester, open and stir, do nitrogen protection, be warming up to 110 ~ 112 ℃, starting to drip vinylbenzene, vinylbenzene feeding quantity is 455 grams, at the uniform velocity drip and completed in 235 ~ 240 minutes, 110 ~ 112 ℃ of insulation reaction 60 minutes.Reaction finishes, and is cooled to 45 ℃, adds 75g polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, uses SHW400R high shearing mixing emulsor, 3500 ~ 4000 revs/min of mixing speed, and homogeneous pre-emulsification stirs 10 minutes; Then 1255g being contained to the aqueous solution of 6% Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.586% sodium hydroxide and the diethyl hydroxylamine of 50 grams adds wherein, after adding under 3500 ~ 4000 revs/min, homogenizing emulsifying 30 ~ 40 minutes, slowly reduce velocity of shear, and at low shearing speed borehole cooling to 20-25 ℃, obtain aqueous emulsion type terminator (be called for short ZRT-6).
Following non-limiting example 1～4, comparative example 1 are used for the present invention that explains; rather than limit the invention; in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change that the present invention is made, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
Adopt 7m
3polyvinyl chloride polymerization reactor, is fed in raw material and discharging accordingly by the pipeline and the each tundish that are installed on polymeric kettle in operating process, and polymeric kettle, in air-tight state, first carries out antiseized still processing, vacuumizes and nitrogen replacement.Add 0.60 kilogram of pH value conditioning agent triethylamine; 3500 kilograms of the deionized waters of 85 ℃; 2500 kilograms of vinylchlorid (VCM) monomers; 2.0 kilograms of the KH-20 aqueous solution of working substance content 20%; 5.96 kilograms of the L-10 aqueous solution of working substance content 20%; 1.41 kilograms of the HPMC aqueous solution of working substance content 1%.Fully stir, regulate and maintain temperature in the kettle at 56 ~ 57 ℃, reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.85 ~ 0.87MPa, and adding active matter content is 5.26 kilograms of 20% EHP water miscible liquids, 1.56 kilograms of the Tx99 water miscible liquids that active matter content is 20%.Fully be uniformly mixed the interior material of still and maintain temperature in the kettle at 56 ~ 57 ℃, polyreaction was carried out after 10 minutes, at the uniform velocity amount with 90 kgs/hour adds deionized water in reactor, control 0.1 ℃ of still interior reaction temperature fluctuation range, reaction is carried out 5.0 ~ 5.5 hours, the transformation efficiency of vinyl chloride monomer is about 80%, starts to add 2.0 kilograms of terminator ZRT-6, at 56 ~ 57 ℃, stirs 20 minutes.Cooling discharge, centrifuge dehydration, be dried, sieve, obtain polyvinyl chloride resin 1# sample.
embodiment 2
According to the identical working method of embodiment 1, add 0.91 kilogram of pH value conditioning agent Tri-n-Propylamine; Add 2.2 kilograms of terminator ZRT-6, obtain polyvinyl chloride resin 2# sample.
embodiment 3
According to the identical working method of embodiment 1, add 0.37 kilogram of pH value conditioning agent Trimethylamine 99; Add 2.4 kilograms of terminator ZRT-6, obtain polyvinyl chloride resin 3# sample.
embodiment 4
According to the identical working method of embodiment 1, add 0.59 kilogram of pH value conditioning agent 4-picoline; Add 2.6 kilograms of terminator ZRT-6, obtain polyvinyl chloride resin 4# sample.
comparative example 1
According to the identical working method of embodiment 1, add 0.45 kilogram, pH value conditioning agent bicarbonate of ammonia; Add 10 kilograms of terminators of ATSC alkali aqueous solution of 3%, obtain polyvinyl chloride resin 1# control sample.
experimental technique
Measure the particle characteristics of 1 ~ 4# sample, 1# control sample, take the universal polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS > > of < < GB/T 5761-2006 suspension method as foundation, by appendix A in GB/T 5761-2006, measure the polymerization degree; Pressing GB/T20022-2005 measures apparent density, by GB/T 3400-2002, measures plasticizer absorption; Press Appendix B in GB/T 2916-2007 or GB/T 5761-2006 and measure screenings; Use HELOS/OASIS particle instrument to measure median size, size distribution.
Press whiteness and ageing whiteness that GB/T15595-2008, GB/T2913-1982 measure 1 ~ 4# sample, 1# control sample.
experimental result
Prepare in universal polyvinyl chloride resin Product Process process, it is pH value conditioning agent that embodiment selects a kind of organo-alkali compound, selects a kind of aqueous emulsion type terminator ZRT-6; It is pH value conditioning agent that comparative example selects bicarbonate of ammonia, and the ATSC alkali aqueous solution of selection 3% is terminator, and experimental result is as shown in table 1, table 2:
Table 11 ~ 4# sample, 1# control sample particle characteristics
The whiteness of table 21 ~ 4# sample and 1# control sample and ageing whiteness
Use organo-alkali compound of the present invention for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS apparent density and plasticizer absorption that pH value conditioning agent, ZRT-6 are prepared for terminator larger; In the close situation of median size, size distribution is relatively little; 0.065mm mesh screen excess massfraction is large, 0.25mm mesh screen excess massfraction is less.Experimental result shows: the particle characteristics of 1 ~ 4# sample is better than 1# control sample; Table 2 experimental result shows: the whiteness of 1 ~ 4# sample and ageing whiteness are better than 1# control sample.
Claims (1)
1. organo-alkali compound, as a using method for the pH value conditioning agent of preparation polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
In the universal polyvinyl chloride resin Product Process of known preparation process, selecting a kind of organo-alkali compound is pH value conditioning agent, according to mix-order, add in proportion pH value conditioning agent, deionized water, vinyl chloride monomer, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose, stir, temperature is at 56 ~ 57 ℃, pressure is 0.85 ~ 0.87MPa, add initiator, temperature is carried out polyreaction at 56 ~ 57 ℃, control temperature of reaction, reaction is carried out 5.0 ~ 5.5 hours, the transformation efficiency of vinyl chloride monomer is 80%, add water miscible liquid terminator ZRT-6, cooling discharge, obtain having the polyvinyl chloride resin product of good particle characteristics and stability,
Wherein said add in proportion add-on that pH value conditioning agent refers to pH value conditioning agent according to the mass ratio meter of vinyl chloride monomer, vinyl chloride monomer: pH value conditioning agent=1:0.00014 ~ 0.00036; Aqueous emulsion type terminator ZRT-6 add-on according to the mass ratio meter of vinyl chloride monomer, vinyl chloride monomer: ZRT-6=1:0.0008 ~ 0.001;
Wherein said organo-alkali compound is Trimethylamine 99, triethylamine, Tri-n-Propylamine, Tributylamine, tri-isobutylamine, trioctylamine, tri-iso-octylamine, N, accelerine, N, N-Diethyl Aniline, pyridine, 2-picoline, 3-picoline, 4-picoline, 2,3-lutidine, 2,4-lutidine, 2,5-lutidine, 2,6-lutidine, 2,3,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,4,5-trimethylpyridine, 2, the aqueous solution of 3,5-trimethylpyridine or described organo-alkali compound;
Wherein said aqueous emulsion type terminator ZRT-6 is prepared by following methods: agitator is being housed, thermometer, vinylbenzene dropping funnel, in the 3000ml four-hole boiling flask of reflux exchanger and nitrogen ingress pipe, add 750 gram 2, 6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds, 60 grams of Witco 1298 Soft Acids, 2.5 gram of four (β-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid) pentaerythritol ester, open and stir, do nitrogen protection, be warming up to 110 ~ 112 ℃, start again to drip vinylbenzene, vinylbenzene feeding quantity is 455 grams, at the uniform velocity drip and completed in 235 ~ 240 minutes, 110 ~ 112 ℃ of insulation reaction 60 minutes, reaction finishes, and is cooled to 45 ℃, adds 75g polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, uses SHW400R high shearing mixing emulsor, 3500 ~ 4000 revs/min of mixing speed, and homogeneous pre-emulsification stirs 10 minutes, then 1255g being contained to the aqueous solution of 6% Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.586% sodium hydroxide and the diethyl hydroxylamine of 50 grams adds wherein, after adding under 3500 ~ 4000 revs/min, homogenizing emulsifying 30 ~ 40 minutes, slowly reduce velocity of shear, and at low shearing speed borehole cooling to 20-25 ℃, obtain aqueous emulsion type terminator, be called for short ZRT-6.
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