CN102749276A - Device and method for determining permeation coefficient of unsaturated soil - Google Patents
Device and method for determining permeation coefficient of unsaturated soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for determining the permeation coefficient of unsaturated soil. The device is characterized in that the upper end of a stainless steel tank is provided with an upper reverse filter apparatus, and the lower end of the stainless steel tank is provided with a lower reverse filter apparatus; the longer surface of the stainless steel tank is provided with an open end surface, and the open end surface is provided with toughened glass for closing the open end surface; and a plurality of soil water sensors and soil tension meters are respectively arranged on at least one end surface of the stainless steel tank from top to bottom. Compared with present devices and the prior art, the device and a method for determining the permeation coefficient of the unsaturated soil provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: the permeation coefficient of the unsaturated soil can be directly obtained through simple one-dimensional infiltration tests and through utilizing an iterative method, the device is simple to manufacture, the measure precision is high, the unsaturated permeation coefficient of a sample can be measured, and the soil-water characteristic curve of the sample can also be measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to unsaturated soil mensuration field in the civil engineering work, particularly a kind of device and method of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient.
Background technology
The infiltration coefficient of unsaturated soil is to analyze rainfall to the migration of Soil Slope Stability, solid waste landfill field, underground sewage and the important parameter of fill construction problem.Yet because the existence of matric suction is arranged in unsaturated soil, can not confirm its infiltration coefficient with the saturation test method of routine, what make the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient confirms to have bigger difficulty.The unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient can be fixed through direct or indirect method side.Directly measure, both can also can carry out at the scene, but the measuring process needs are for a long time in testing laboratory, very high to the accuracy requirement of instrument, directly measure quite difficulty with existing means of testing; Indirect method will be used the saturation permeability coefficient of volume-quality character, soil-water characteristic curve and the soil of soil; Again through empirical model prediction unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient; Based on this; Numerous scholars have proposed various forms of infiltration coefficient models, but the soil body osmotic coefficient difference that the prediction of different empirical models obtains under the same terms is very big, does not also have a kind of unified unsaturation infiltration coefficient function so far.Therefore, method no matter does not directly or indirectly all also have a kind of method of acquisition unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient of simple possible.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of device and method of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient, can infiltrate to test through one dimension with easier device to obtain the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient, and the stainless steel trough body upper end is provided with anti-filter device, and the lower end is provided with down anti-filter device;
The longer face of stainless steel trough body is provided with an open end face, and this opening end face is equipped with and is used for the tempered glass that this opening end face is airtight;
On at least one end face of stainless steel trough body, be respectively equipped with a plurality of soil moisture sensors and Soil Tension from top to bottom.
Described going up in the anti-filter device, the vessel upper surface of catchmenting is provided with water inlet, and the vessel below of catchmenting is provided with loaded filter, and last loaded filter below is provided with woven wire;
In the described anti-filter device down, following woven wire below is provided with down loaded filter, and following loaded filter below is provided with aluminium sheet, and aluminium sheet is provided with lower discharging tube.
Described anti-filter device is connected with water system through last water inlet;
Described anti-filter device down is connected with effluent collection device through lower discharging tube.
In the described effluent collection device, the gas-liquid separator upper end is connected with lower discharging tube, and the gas-liquid separator lower end is connected with bend pipe through one section horizontal tube, above horizontal tube, is connected with buret.
Described stainless steel trough body xsect is square.
The height of the longer face of described stainless steel trough body is 80-120cm.
The both sides of the open end face of described stainless steel trough body are provided with chute, and tempered glass is installed in the chute, and fastening by a plurality of fastening bolts on the chute;
Also be provided with O-ring seal between described tempered glass and the stainless steel trough body.
A kind of above-mentioned device is measured the method for unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient, may further comprise the steps:
One, manufactures sample;
Two, on sample, bury soil moisture sensor and Soil Tension underground;
Three, connect water system and effluent collection device;
Four, open computing machine, open data acquisition system (DAS);
Let water get into sample, begin to infiltrate;
Soil moisture sensor and Soil Tension are worth through the water cut and the matric suction of the data acquisition system (DAS) record position soil body over time;
After the water infiltration arrives the sample bottom, utilize effluent collection device regularly to measure the water yield;
Observe the data that acquisition system collects, after each sensor readings of differing heights place is near unanimity, show that sample reaches capacity, and gets final product termination test;
Data of gathering and the saturation permeability coefficient that records are in advance carried out iterative computation, obtain the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of respective samples.
In step 1, the stainless steel trough body level is placed on the ground, the open end faces up, and it is fixing in position with following anti-filter device to go up anti-filter device according to testing requirements;
With the test material stainless steel trough body of packing into, in the condition lower leaf compacting of control of density, tempered glass is inserted chute, realize sealing through fastening bolt.
In step 2, at the reserving hole place of stainless steel trough body, use the fetch earth groove identical with the Soil Tension size to cut the earth with soil moisture sensor, bury soil moisture sensor and Soil Tension then underground.
A kind of device and method of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient provided by the invention; Compared with prior art; Beneficial effect is: can infiltrate test through simple one dimension and directly obtain the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient with iterative computation, and the instrument manufacturing is simple, the measuring accuracy height; Both can measure the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of sample, also can be used to measure the soil-water characteristic curve of sample.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is an one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1.
Among the figure: go up water inlet 1, the vessel 2 that catchment, last loaded filter 3, last woven wire 4, stainless steel trough body 5, soil moisture sensor 6, Soil Tension 7; Following woven wire 8, following loaded filter 9, aluminium sheet 10, base 11, lower discharging tube 12, effluent collection device 13; Gas-liquid separator 14, bend pipe 15, buret 16, water system 17, tempered glass 18, O-ring seal 19; Fastening bolt 20, chute 21 is gone up anti-filter device 22, following anti-filter device 23, gas outlet 24, sample 25.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient, stainless steel trough body 5 upper ends are provided with anti-filter device 22, and the lower end is provided with down anti-filter device 23;
The longer face of stainless steel trough body 5 is provided with an open end face, and this opening end face is equipped with and is used for the tempered glass that this opening end face is airtight 18;
In the scheme of optimizing, the both sides of the open end face of described stainless steel trough body 5 are provided with chute 21, and tempered glass 18 is installed in the chute 21, and fastening by a plurality of fastening bolts 20 on the chute 21;
Also be provided with O-ring seal 19 between described tempered glass 18 and the stainless steel trough body 5.Adopt the fixed form of this structure to be beneficial to the installation of tempered glass 18, the mounting means that adopts other certainly also is feasible, the mode that for example adopts a plurality of clamps that tempered glass 18 and stainless steel trough body 5 are clamped.
On at least one end face of stainless steel trough body 5, be respectively equipped with a plurality of soil moisture sensors 6 and Soil Tension 7 from top to bottom.In Fig. 1; In this example; Soil moisture sensor 6 and Soil Tension 7 are installed in the both sides of the open end face of stainless steel trough body 5 respectively, and a plurality of soil moisture sensors 6 are arranged with Soil Tension 7 from top to bottom, thus the data of mensuration sample 25 different elevations.
Described going up in the anti-filter device 22, vessel 2 upper surfaces of catchmenting are provided with water inlet 1, and vessel 2 belows of catchmenting are provided with loaded filter 3, and last loaded filter 3 belows are provided with woven wire 4;
In the described anti-filter device 23 down, following woven wire 8 belows are provided with down loaded filter 9, and following loaded filter 9 belows are provided with aluminium sheet 10, and aluminium sheet 10 is provided with lower discharging tube 12.In this example, the upper surface of aluminium sheet 10 has the shape of similar funnel, is beneficial to water is concentrated from lower discharging tube 12 discharges.
Described anti-filter device 22 is connected with water system 17 through last water inlet 1;
Described down anti-filter device 23 is connected with effluent collection device 13 through lower discharging tube 12.
In the described effluent collection device 13, gas-liquid separator 14 upper ends are connected with lower discharging tube 12, and gas-liquid separator 14 lower ends are connected with bend pipe 15 through one section horizontal tube, above horizontal tube, are connected with buret 16.Upper end at gas-liquid separator 14 also is provided with gas outlet 24, is used for isolated gas is discharged.
Between lower discharging tube 12 and the gas-liquid separator 14, between buret 16 and the horizontal tube and also be provided with valve on the gas outlet 24.
Described stainless steel trough body 5 xsects are square.The height of described stainless steel trough body 5 longer faces is 80-120cm.Adopting in this example highly is 100cm, and test unit size of the present invention is big, and is more representative as the soil sample of sample 25, and adopting xsect is that square design can realize sample preparation under the horizontality, has improved the homogeneity of sample 25.
A kind of above-mentioned device is measured the method for unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient, may further comprise the steps:
One, makes sample 25;
In step 1, stainless steel trough body 5 levels are placed on the ground, the open end faces up, and will go up anti-filter device 22 according to testing requirements and fix in position with down anti-filter device 23;
With the test material stainless steel trough body 5 of packing into, in the condition lower leaf compacting of control of density, tempered glass 18 is inserted chutes 21, realize sealing through fastening bolt 20.
Two, on sample 25, bury soil moisture sensor 6 and Soil Tension 7 underground;
At the reserving hole place of stainless steel trough body 5, use the fetch earth groove identical with Soil Tension 7 sizes to cut the earth with soil moisture sensor 6, bury soil moisture sensor 6 and Soil Tension 7 then underground.
Three, connect water system 17 and effluent collection device 13;
Wherein, last water inlet 1 is connected with water system 17, and lower discharging tube 12 is connected with gas-liquid separator 14 with effluent collection device 13.
Four, open computing machine, open data acquisition system (DAS);
Open the valve on the water system 17, let water get into sample 25, begin to infiltrate;
Soil moisture sensor 6 is worth with the water cut and the matric suction of Soil Tension 7 through the data acquisition system (DAS) record position soil body over time;
After the water infiltration arrives sample 25 bottoms, utilize effluent collection device 13 regularly to measure the water yield;
Observe the data that acquisition system collects, after each sensor readings of differing heights place is near unanimity, show that sample 25 has reached capacity, and gets final product termination test; After finishing test, the storage data.
Data of gathering and the saturation permeability coefficient that records are in advance carried out iterative computation, obtain the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of respective samples 25.This computation process is carried out by existing computer program, only need be imported water percentage, matric suction and the saturation permeability coefficient of test actual measurement during utilization, can obtain the unsaturation infiltration coefficient.
Claims (10)
1. device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient is characterized in that: stainless steel trough body (5) upper end is provided with anti-filter device (22), and the lower end is provided with down anti-filter device (23);
The longer face of stainless steel trough body (5) is provided with an open end face, and this opening end face is equipped with and is used for the tempered glass that this opening end face is airtight (18);
On at least one end face of stainless steel trough body (5), be respectively equipped with a plurality of soil moisture sensors (6) and Soil Tension (7) from top to bottom.
2. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described going up in the anti-filter device (22); Vessel (2) upper surface of catchmenting is provided with water inlet (1); Catchment vessel (2) below is provided with loaded filter (3), is provided with woven wire (4) below the last loaded filter (3);
In the described anti-filter device (23) down, following woven wire (8) below is provided with down loaded filter (9), and following loaded filter (9) below is provided with aluminium sheet (10), and aluminium sheet (10) is provided with lower discharging tube (12).
3. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the described anti-filter device (22) of is connected with water system (17) through last water inlet (1);
Described anti-filter device (23) down is connected with effluent collection device (13) through lower discharging tube (12).
4. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: in the described effluent collection device (13); Gas-liquid separator (14) upper end is connected with lower discharging tube (12); Gas-liquid separator (14) lower end is connected with bend pipe (15) through one section horizontal tube, above horizontal tube, is connected with buret (16).
5. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stainless steel trough body (5) xsect is square.
6. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the height of the longer face of described stainless steel trough body (5) is 80-120cm.
7. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the both sides of the open end face of described stainless steel trough body (5) are provided with chute (21); Tempered glass (18) is installed in the chute (21), and fastening by a plurality of fastening bolts (20) on the chute (21);
Also be provided with O-ring seal (19) between described tempered glass (18) and the stainless steel trough body (5).
8. method that adopts each described device of claim 1-7 to measure the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
One, manufactures sample (25);
Two, on sample (25), bury soil moisture sensor (6) and Soil Tension (7) underground;
Three, connect water system (17) and effluent collection device (13);
Four, open computing machine, open data acquisition system (DAS);
Let water get into sample (25), begin to infiltrate;
Soil moisture sensor (6) and Soil Tension (7) are worth through the water cut and the matric suction of the data acquisition system (DAS) record position soil body over time;
After the water infiltration arrives sample (25) bottom, utilize effluent collection device (13) regularly to measure the water yield;
Observe the data that acquisition system collects, after each sensor readings of differing heights place is near unanimity, show that sample (25) reaches capacity, and gets final product termination test;
Data of gathering and the saturation permeability coefficient that records are in advance carried out iterative computation, obtain the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of respective samples (25).
9. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 8; It is characterized in that: in step 1; Stainless steel trough body (5) level is placed on the ground; The open end faces up, and will go up anti-filter device (22) and descend anti-filter device (23) fixing in position according to testing requirements;
With the test material stainless steel trough body (5) of packing into, in the condition lower leaf compacting of control of density, tempered glass (18) is inserted chute (21), realize sealing through fastening bolt (20).
10. a kind of device of measuring the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient according to claim 8; It is characterized in that: in step 2; Reserving hole place in stainless steel trough body (5); Use the fetch earth groove identical with Soil Tension (7) size to cut the earth, bury soil moisture sensor (6) and Soil Tension (7) then underground with soil moisture sensor (6).
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| CN201210196089.4A CN102749276B (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | Device and method for determining permeation coefficient of unsaturated soil |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN103837662A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Measuring device and method of hydraulic characteristic parameters of unsaturated soil in moisture absorption/desorption path |
| CN104568700A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Adjustable soil infiltration performance detecting and loss amount sampling device |
| CN104950093A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-09-30 | 韩国地质资源研究院 | Apparatus for measuring suction stress of unsaturated soil |
| CN105136640A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-09 | 赵龙山 | Method for measuring relationship between soil infiltration wetting front and earth surface micro-topography |
| CN105259088A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-20 | 三峡大学 | Method and device for quickly determining permeability functions of unsaturated soil |
| CN105865746A (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2016-08-17 | 三峡大学 | Experiment device and method for detecting relationship between seepage and pressure/temperature |
| CN105866001A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-17 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for measuring rock-soil body osmotic coefficient based on water-based fluorescent agent dilution method |
| CN107255614A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-17 | 洛阳理工学院 | Remold measurement and the verification method of unsaturation silty clay infiltration coefficient |
| CN107589040A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-01-16 | 三峡大学 | A kind of experimental provision and measuring method for being used to measure soil aeration amount |
| CN109342296A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-15 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of experimental provision measuring unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient curve |
| CN111239020A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-05 | 山东大学 | Soil permeability coefficient measuring device and method capable of considering rainfall and vegetation influence |
| CN115078219A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-20 | 西安理工大学 | Multifunctional test device for researching water migration in soil |
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Cited By (17)
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| CN103837662A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Measuring device and method of hydraulic characteristic parameters of unsaturated soil in moisture absorption/desorption path |
| CN103837662B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Unsaturation soil body hydraulic characteristic parameter measurement mechanism and method under increasing/dehumidification path |
| CN104950093A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-09-30 | 韩国地质资源研究院 | Apparatus for measuring suction stress of unsaturated soil |
| CN104568700B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-01-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Adjustable soil infiltration performance detecting and loss amount sampling device |
| CN104568700A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Adjustable soil infiltration performance detecting and loss amount sampling device |
| CN105136640A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-09 | 赵龙山 | Method for measuring relationship between soil infiltration wetting front and earth surface micro-topography |
| CN105259088A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-20 | 三峡大学 | Method and device for quickly determining permeability functions of unsaturated soil |
| CN105866001A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-17 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for measuring rock-soil body osmotic coefficient based on water-based fluorescent agent dilution method |
| CN105866001B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-08-07 | 三峡大学 | A kind of Rock And Soil osmotic coefficient investigating device and method based on water base fluorescer dilution method |
| CN105865746A (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2016-08-17 | 三峡大学 | Experiment device and method for detecting relationship between seepage and pressure/temperature |
| CN105865746B (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2018-11-02 | 三峡大学 | A kind of experimental provision and method of detection seepage flow and pressure and temp relationship |
| CN107255614A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-17 | 洛阳理工学院 | Remold measurement and the verification method of unsaturation silty clay infiltration coefficient |
| CN107589040A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-01-16 | 三峡大学 | A kind of experimental provision and measuring method for being used to measure soil aeration amount |
| CN107589040B (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-10-08 | 三峡大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the experimental provision and measurement method of soil aeration amount |
| CN109342296A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-15 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of experimental provision measuring unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient curve |
| CN111239020A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-05 | 山东大学 | Soil permeability coefficient measuring device and method capable of considering rainfall and vegetation influence |
| CN115078219A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-20 | 西安理工大学 | Multifunctional test device for researching water migration in soil |
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Effective date of registration: 20200917 Address after: Group 3, liaojialin village, xiaoxita Street office, Yiling District, Yichang City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Yichang Hongqian environmental protection building materials Co., Ltd Address before: 443002 No. 8, University Road, Yichang, Hubei Patentee before: CHINA THREE GORGES University |