CN102717090A - Method for preparing ultrafine platinum powder by adopting liquid-phase reduction - Google Patents
Method for preparing ultrafine platinum powder by adopting liquid-phase reduction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing ultrafine platinum powder by adopting liquid-phase reduction. The method comprises the following steps: preparing platinum salt solution, and regulating the pH value of the platinum salt solution to be 2-7, dropwise adding the obtained platinum salt solution into mixed solution of a reducing solution and a dispersing agent while mixing, continuing to mix for reaction for 10-30 min after dropwise adding the platinum salt solution, and obtaining ultrafine platinum powder after filtering, washing and drying products generated by reaction, wherein the dispersing agent is aqueous solution of any one or combination of ethylene glycol, glycerin, polyvinyl alcohol and isobutyl alcohol, and the reducing solution is alkaline aqueous solution of any one or combination of formaldehyde, hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid and sodium borohydride. The ultrafine platinum powder prepared by the method has the characteristics of high purity, small particle size, uniform spherical structure, good dispersibility and the like, and can be applied in conductive components of conductive paste and electrode paste with high stability, high reliability and good performance in microelectronic technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that adopts liquid phase reduction to prepare ultra-fine platinum powder; Be specially a kind of liquid-phase reduction preparation method who is used for the ultra-fine platinum powder of electronics industry thick film ink, this ultra-fine platinum powder can be applicable to high stable in the microelectric technique, highly reliable, the electrocondution slurry of function admirable and the conduction component of catalysis electrode slurry.
Background technology
Ultra-fine platinum powder is widely used in the preparation of electronics industry thick film ink; Like platinum electrode slurry, platinum palladium electrode slurry, platinum electrode slurry etc., can produce the catalysis platinum electrode in automotive oxygen sensor and the solar cell, platinum electrode and other electrode or lead that need have high catalytic activity, high reliability of temperature sensor with these slurries.Ultra-fine platinum powder is as the main functionality phase in the platinum electrode slurry, and its pattern, granule size and distribution, dispersiveness etc. all produce great influence to the character of slurry, and finally the serviceability to the electronic device of preparation impacts.
The traditional preparation process method of ultra-fine platinum powder is to prepare with the method that chemical reducing agent reduces through the aqueous solution with chloroplatinic acid; Because as reaction medium water is a kind of polar substances; The generative process of platinum powder particle has uncontrollability in the reduction reaction; Cause shortcomings such as ultra-fine platinum powder is reunited easily, the platinum powder particle is impalpable structure, size distribution is wide, the electrocondution slurry and the catalysis electrode slurry that are difficult to satisfy high stable, highly reliable, function admirable are to ultra-fine platinum powder uniformity, conforming requirement.Therefore, have only and select suitable start material and dispersant, reduce the polarization ability of reaction medium, adopt appropriate reductant and method of reducing, could obtain to have the ultra-fine platinum powder of desirable pattern and size distribution, and can reduce the agglomeration of platinum powder.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of liquid-phase reduction method for preparing ultra-fine platinum powder, shortcoming such as solve that ultra-fine platinum powder particle generative process platinum powder is reunited easily in the traditional preparation process method, the platinum powder particle is impalpable structure and size distribution is wide.The present invention is through selecting suitable start material and dispersant; The polarization that reduces reaction medium can; Adopt appropriate reductant and method of reducing simultaneously, make have spherical structure, granularity is little, the ultra-fine platinum powder of narrow particle size distribution, dispersed high, high conformity.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical scheme:
A kind of method that adopts liquid phase reduction to prepare ultra-fine platinum powder may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of platinum salting liquid: platinum salt is used deionized water dissolving, obtain the platinum salting liquid;
(2) adjustment of platinum salting liquid pH value: under stirring, aqueous slkali is dropped in the platinum salting liquid, the pH value that makes the platinum salting liquid is 2～7;
(3) preparation of dispersant: dispersant is the aqueous solution of alcohol, and described alcohol is the combination of any or several kinds in ethylene glycol, glycerine, polyvinyl alcohol, the isobutanol;
(4) preparation of reducing solution: reducing solution is the alkaline aqueous solution of reducing agent, and described reducing agent is the combination of any or several kinds in formaldehyde, hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, the sodium borohydride;
(5) preparation of ultra-fine platinum powder: under stirring; The platinum salting liquid of gained in the step (2) is dropped in the mixed solution of reducing solution and dispersant; Treat that the platinum salting liquid drips continued stirring reaction 30min, with obtaining ultra-fine platinum powder after the product filtration of reacting generation, washing, the drying.
In the step (1), described platinum salt is chloroplatinic acid, platinic sodium chloride or dichloro four ammino platinum, and the concentration of platinum is 50～200g/L in the described platinum salting liquid.
In the step (2), described aqueous slkali is that concentration is the sodium hydroxide solution of 300g/L, and is formulated in deionized water by dissolution of sodium hydroxide.
In the step (3), the weight percent concentration of alcohol is 1～10% in the described dispersant.
In the step (4), the concentration of reducing agent is 10～50g/L in the described reducing solution, and naoh concentration is 15～45g/L.
In the step (5), the rate of addition of described platinum salting liquid is 10～100mL/min.
In the step (5), the consumption of said reducing solution is 5～10 times of platinum salting liquid volume, and the consumption of dispersant is 1～10% of a platinum salting liquid volume.
Owing to adopted above technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) in the present invention, owing to selected suitable platinum salt, dispersant, reducing agent and reduction mode for use, under normal temperature, normal pressure, carry out stirring reaction, the ultra-fine platinum powder particle diameter that makes is 20～100nm, and the platinum powder pattern is spherical, does not reunite; Reduction reaction is complete, and the platinum powder yield can reach more than 99%; After reaction finished, the platinum powder deposition helped the separation of platinum powder rapidly.
(2) method energy consumption of the present invention is low, and product purity is high, good uniformity, and dispersed high, the platinum powder size can be controlled through concentration, reductant concentration and the platinum salt adding speed of platinum salting liquid.
(3) the ultra-fine platinum powder of the present invention preparation has higher sphericity, is suitable for the preparation of electrode slurry, makes slurry have good mobility and thixotropy, conveniently carries out serigraphy, pen is coated with or pours into use.
Through the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is further specified below, but and do not mean that restriction protection domain of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the ultra-fine platinum powder of embodiment 1 preparation.
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the ultra-fine platinum powder of embodiment 2 preparations.
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the ultra-fine platinum powder of comparative example 1 preparation.
The specific embodiment
[embodiment 1] a kind of method that adopts the liquid-phase reduction method to prepare ultra-fine platinum powder may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of platinum salting liquid: chloroplatinic acid is used deionized water dissolving, and preparation obtains 300mL platinum salting liquid, and wherein the concentration of platinum is 150g/L in the platinum salting liquid;
(2) adjustment of platinum salting liquid pH value: under stirring, be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 300g/L drops in the platinum salting liquid with concentration, the pH value that makes the platinum salting liquid is 7;
(3) preparation of dispersant: preparation 20mL contains the aqueous solution of 10wt% glycerine, as dispersant;
(4) preparation of reducing solution: reducing solution is the alkaline aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate, and volume is 1500mL, and wherein the concentration of hydrazine hydrate is 40g/L, and naoh concentration is 30g/L;
(5) preparation of ultra-fine platinum powder: earlier that reducing solution and dispersant is even; Under stirring; Under 25 ℃; The platinum salting liquid of gained in the step (2) speed with 20mL/min is dropped in the mixed solution of reducing solution and dispersant; Treat that the platinum salting liquid drips continued stirring reaction 30min, with obtaining ultra-fine platinum powder after the platinum powder filtration of reacting generation, washing, the drying.
The ultra-fine platinum powder particle of present embodiment preparation is a uniform spherical, and average grain diameter is 40nm, does not have and reunites, and its projection electromicroscopic photograph is as shown in Figure 1.
[embodiment 2] a kind of method that adopts the liquid-phase reduction method to prepare ultra-fine platinum powder may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of platinum salting liquid: platinic sodium chloride is used deionized water dissolving, and preparation obtains 300mL platinum salting liquid, and wherein the concentration of platinum is 200g/L in the platinum salting liquid;
(2) adjustment of platinum salting liquid pH value: under stirring, be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 300g/L drops in the platinum salting liquid with concentration, the pH value that makes the platinum salting liquid is 7;
(3) preparation of dispersant: preparation 30mL contains the aqueous solution of 1wt% ethylene glycol, as dispersant;
(4) preparation of reducing solution: reducing solution is the alkaline aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, and volume is 2100mL, wherein adds ascorbic acid 21g (being equivalent to concentration is 10g/L), NaOH 31.5g (being equivalent to concentration is 15g/L);
(5) preparation of ultra-fine platinum powder: earlier that reducing solution and dispersant is even; Under stirring; At normal temperatures; The platinum salting liquid of gained in the step (2) speed with 50mL/min is dropped in the mixed solution of reducing solution and dispersant; Treat that the platinum salting liquid drips continued stirring reaction 30min, with obtaining ultra-fine platinum powder after the platinum powder filtration of reacting generation, washing, the drying.
The ultra-fine platinum powder particle of present embodiment preparation is uniform spherical or elliposoidal, and average grain diameter is 50nm, does not have and reunites, and its projection electromicroscopic photograph is as shown in Figure 2.
[embodiment 3] a kind of method that adopts the liquid-phase reduction method to prepare ultra-fine platinum powder may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of platinum salting liquid: dichloro four ammino platinum are used deionized water dissolving, and preparation obtains 300mL platinum salting liquid, and wherein the concentration of platinum is 50g/L in the platinum salting liquid;
(2) adjustment of platinum salting liquid pH value: under stirring, be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 300g/L drops in the platinum salting liquid with concentration, the pH value that makes the platinum salting liquid is 2;
(3) preparation of dispersant: preparation 24mL contains the aqueous solution of 5wt% polyvinyl alcohol, as dispersant;
(4) preparation of reducing solution: reducing solution is the alkaline aqueous solution of formaldehyde and hydrazine hydrate, and volume is 3000mL, and wherein the concentration of formaldehyde is 30 g/L, and the concentration of hydrazine hydrate is 10g/L, and naoh concentration is 20g/L;
(5) preparation of ultra-fine platinum powder: earlier that reducing solution and dispersant is even; Under stirring; At normal temperatures; The platinum salting liquid of gained in the step (2) speed with 10mL/min is dropped in the mixed solution of reducing solution and dispersant; Treat that the platinum salting liquid drips continued stirring reaction 30min, with obtaining ultra-fine platinum powder after the platinum powder filtration of reacting generation, washing, the drying.
The ultra-fine platinum powder particle of present embodiment preparation is a uniform spherical, and average grain diameter is 20nm, does not have and reunites.
[embodiment 4] a kind of method that adopts the liquid-phase reduction method to prepare ultra-fine platinum powder may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of platinum salting liquid: chloroplatinic acid is used deionized water dissolving, and preparation obtains 300mL platinum salting liquid, and wherein the concentration of platinum is 100g/L in the platinum salting liquid;
(2) adjustment of platinum salting liquid pH value: under stirring, be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 300g/L drops in the platinum salting liquid with concentration, the pH value that makes the platinum salting liquid is 7;
(3) preparation of dispersant: the aqueous solution of preparation 3mL ethylene glycol and glycerine is as dispersant, and wherein glycol content is 5wt%, and glycerine content is 5wt%;
(4) preparation of reducing solution: reducing solution is the alkaline aqueous solution of oxalic acid, and volume is 2400mL, wherein adds oxalic acid 120g (being equivalent to concentration is 50g/L), NaOH 108g (being equivalent to concentration is 45g/L);
(5) preparation of ultra-fine platinum powder: earlier that reducing solution and dispersant is even; Under stirring; At normal temperatures; The platinum salting liquid of gained in the step (2) speed with 100mL/min is dropped in the mixed solution of reducing solution and dispersant; Treat that the platinum salting liquid drips continued stirring reaction 30min, with obtaining ultra-fine platinum powder after the platinum powder filtration of reacting generation, washing, the drying.
The ultra-fine platinum powder particle of present embodiment preparation is uniform spherical and elliposoidal, and average grain diameter is 60nm, does not have and reunites.
[comparative example 1] a kind of liquid-phase reduction method for preparing ultra-fine platinum powder, its preparation parameter after reducing solution and dispersant, drops to stirring reaction in the platinum salting liquid with embodiment 1.
The ultra-fine platinum powder particulate amorphous of this comparative example preparation, average grain diameter is 90nm, the slight reunion, its projection electromicroscopic photograph is as shown in Figure 3.
Ultra-fine platinum powder particle diameter, pattern and reunion situation under table 1 different condition
| ? | Average grain diameter | Pattern | The reunion situation |
| Embodiment 1 | 40nm | Spherical | Do not have and reunite |
| Embodiment 2 | 50nm | Spherical, elliposoidal | Do not have and reunite |
| Embodiment 3 | 20nm | Spherical | Do not have and reunite |
| Embodiment 4 | 60nm | Spherical, elliposoidal | Do not have and reunite |
| Comparative example 1 | 90nm | Amorphous | The slight reunion |
The ultra-fine platinum powder of the inventive method preparation has characteristics such as purity height, particle size are little, uniform spherical structure, good dispersion, can be applicable to high stable in the microelectric technique, highly reliable, the electrocondution slurry of function admirable and the conduction component of electrode slurry.
Claims (7)
1. method that adopts liquid phase reduction to prepare ultra-fine platinum powder may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of platinum salting liquid: platinum salt is used deionized water dissolving, obtain the platinum salting liquid;
(2) adjustment of platinum salting liquid pH value: under stirring, aqueous slkali is dropped in the platinum salting liquid, the pH value that makes the platinum salting liquid is 2～7;
(3) preparation of dispersant: dispersant is the aqueous solution of alcohol, and described alcohol is the combination of any or several kinds in ethylene glycol, glycerine, polyvinyl alcohol, the isobutanol;
(4) preparation of reducing solution: reducing solution is the alkaline aqueous solution of reducing agent, and described reducing agent is the combination of any or several kinds in formaldehyde, hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, the sodium borohydride;
(5) preparation of ultra-fine platinum powder: under stirring; The platinum salting liquid of gained in the step (2) is dropped in the mixed solution of reducing solution and dispersant; Treat that the platinum salting liquid drips continued stirring reaction 30min, with obtaining ultra-fine platinum powder after the product filtration of reacting generation, washing, the drying.
2. employing liquid phase reduction according to claim 1 prepares the method for ultra-fine platinum powder, it is characterized in that: in the step (1), described platinum salt is chloroplatinic acid, platinic sodium chloride or dichloro four ammino platinum, and the concentration of platinum is 50～200g/L in the described platinum salting liquid.
3. employing liquid phase reduction according to claim 1 prepares the method for ultra-fine platinum powder, it is characterized in that: in the step (2), described aqueous slkali is that concentration is the sodium hydroxide solution of 300g/L.
4. employing liquid phase reduction according to claim 1 prepares the method for ultra-fine platinum powder, it is characterized in that: in the step (3), the concentration of alcohol is 1～10wt% in the described dispersant.
5. employing liquid phase reduction according to claim 1 prepares the method for ultra-fine platinum powder, it is characterized in that: in the step (4), the concentration of reducing agent is 10～50g/L in the described reducing solution, and naoh concentration is 15～45g/L.
6. employing liquid phase reduction according to claim 1 prepares the method for ultra-fine platinum powder, it is characterized in that: in the step (5), the rate of addition of described platinum salting liquid is 10～100mL/min.
7. employing liquid phase reduction according to claim 1 prepares the method for ultra-fine platinum powder, it is characterized in that: in the step (5), the consumption of said reducing solution is 5～10 times of platinum salting liquid volume, and the consumption of dispersant is 1～10% of a platinum salting liquid volume.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103451431A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 罗治 | Method for extracting arsenic and precious metals from dead catalysts containing precious metals |
| CN108555313A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-21 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of pharmaceutical high-purity platinum powder |
| CN108705100A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-26 | 蒋建华 | A kind of preparation method of nanometer of platinum particles |
| CN108941597A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-07 | 江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司 | A method of Ultrafine Platinum Powder is prepared by slightly solubility platinum salt |
| CN111069625A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-04-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of flaky platinum nanoparticles |
| CN111940759A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司 | Method for preparing superfine platinum powder |
| CN112692274A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | Preparation method and application of high-dispersity ultrafine platinum powder |
| CN112808270A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-18 | 四川大学 | High-durability Pt-based integral three-way catalyst for gasoline vehicles, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115477340A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-12-16 | 山东有研国晶辉新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of chloroplatinic acid |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108555313A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-21 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of pharmaceutical high-purity platinum powder |
| CN108555313B (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2020-01-10 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of medical high-purity platinum powder |
| CN108705100A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-26 | 蒋建华 | A kind of preparation method of nanometer of platinum particles |
| CN108941597A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-07 | 江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司 | A method of Ultrafine Platinum Powder is prepared by slightly solubility platinum salt |
| CN111069625A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-04-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of flaky platinum nanoparticles |
| CN111940759A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司 | Method for preparing superfine platinum powder |
| CN112692274A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | Preparation method and application of high-dispersity ultrafine platinum powder |
| CN112808270A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-18 | 四川大学 | High-durability Pt-based integral three-way catalyst for gasoline vehicles, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115477340A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-12-16 | 山东有研国晶辉新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of chloroplatinic acid |
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